1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/12 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
19 20220315: p14 FreeBSD-SA-22:02.wifi
20 FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl
22 Multiple WiFi issues [FreeBSD-SA-22:02.wifi]
24 OpenSSL certificate parsing infinite loop [FreeBSD-SA-22:03.openssl]
26 20220201: p13 FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386
28 Fix regression in i386 TLB invalidation logic. [FreeBSD-EN-22:08.i386]
30 20220111: p12 FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave
31 FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv
35 Correct size of the amd64 SSE area in the xsave layout [FreeBSD-EN-22:02.xsave]
37 Prepopulate Hyper-V PCI device bars [FreeBSD-EN-22:03.hyperv]
39 Fix amd64 pmap PCID mode invalidations [FreeBSD-EN-22:04.pcid]
41 Fix vt console buffer overflow [FreeBSD-SA-22:01.vt]
43 20211103: p11 FreeBSD-EN-21:27.caroot
45 FreeBSD-EN-21:29.tzdata
47 Root certificate bundle update. [EN-21:27.caroot]
49 Fix kernel panic in vmci driver initialization. [EN-21:28.vmci]
51 Timezone database information update. [EN-21:29.tzdata]
53 20210824: p10 FreeBSD-EN-21:24.libcrypto
54 FreeBSD-EN-21:25.bhyve
55 FreeBSD-SA-21:13.bhyve
56 FreeBSD-SA-21:14.ggatec
57 FreeBSD-SA-21:15.libfetch
58 FreeBSD-SA-21:16.openssl
59 FreeBSD-SA-21:17.openssl
61 Fix OpenSSL 1.1.1e API functions not being exported. [EN-21:24.libcrypto]
63 Fix NVMe iovec construction for large IOs. [EN-21:25.bhyve]
65 Fix missing error handling in bhyve(8) device models. [SA-21:13.bhyve]
67 Fix remote code execution in ggatec(8). [SA-21:14.ggatec]
69 Fix libfetch out of bounds read. [SA-21:15.libfetch]
71 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-21:16.openssl]
73 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-21:17.openssl]
75 20210629: p9 FreeBSD-EN-21:19.libcasper
76 FreeBSD-EN-21:22.linux_futex
78 libcasper assertion failures [EN-21:19.libcasper]
80 Linux compatibility layer futex(2) system call vulnerability [EN-21:22.linux_futex]
82 20210601: p8 FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius
84 Incorrect validation in rad_get_attr(3) [FreeBSD-EN-21:17.libradius]
86 20210526: p7 FreeBSD-EN-21:11.aesni
89 FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius
91 Race condition in aesni(4) encrypt-then-auth operations [FreeBSD-EN-21:11.aesni]
93 pms(4) data corruption [FreeBSD-EN-21:14.pms]
95 SMAP bypass [FreeBSD-SA-21:11.smap]
97 Missing message validation in libradius(3) [FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius]
99 20210406: p6 FreeBSD-EN-21:09.pf
100 FreeBSD-EN-21:10.lldb
102 FreeBSD-SA-21:09.accept_filter
103 FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount
105 net.pf.request_maxcount not settable from loader.conf(5) [EN-21:09.pf]
107 lldb abort on print command [EN-21:10.lldb]
109 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-21:08.vm]
111 Double free in accept_filter(9) socket configuration interface [SA-21:09.accept_filter]
113 Jail escape possible by mounting over jail root [SA-21:10.jail_mount]
115 20210325: p5 FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl
117 Fix multiple OpenSSL issues [SA-21:07.openssl]
119 20210223: p4 FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access
120 FreeBSD-SA-21:04.jail_remove
121 FreeBSD-SA-21:05.jail_chdir
123 FreeBSD-EN-21:06.microcode
124 FreeBSD-EN-21:07.caroot
125 FreeBSD-EN-21:08.freebsd-update
127 login.access fails to apply rules [SA-21:03.pam_login_access]
129 jail_remove(2) fails to kill all jailed processes [SA-21:04.jail_remove]
131 jail_attach(2) relies on the caller to change the cwd [SA-21:05.jail_chdir]
133 Xen grant mapping error handling issues [SA-21:06.xen]
135 Boot-time microcode loading causes a boot hang [EN-21:06.microcode]
137 Root certificate bundle update [EN-21:07.caroot]
139 freebsd-update passwd regeneration [EN-21:08.freebsd-update]
141 20210128: p3 FreeBSD-EN-21:01.tzdata
142 FreeBSD-EN-21:03.vnet
144 FreeBSD-SA-21:01.fsdisclosure
145 FreeBSD-SA-21:02.xenoom
147 Update timezone database information [EN-21:01.tzdata]
149 Panic when destroying VNET and epair simultaneously [EN-21:03.vnet]
151 zfs recv fails to propagate snapshot deletion [EN-21:04.zfs]
153 Uninitialized file system kernel stack leaks [SA-21:01.fsdisclosure]
155 Xen guest-triggered out of memory [SA-21:02.xenoom]
157 20201208: p2 FreeBSD-SA-20:33.openssl
159 Fix OpenSSL NULL pointer de-reference. [SA-20:33.openssl]
161 20201201: p1 FreeBSD-EN-20:19.audit
162 FreeBSD-EN-20:20.tzdata
163 FreeBSD-EN-20:21.ipfw
164 FreeBSD-EN-20:22.callout
165 FreeBSD-SA-20:31.icmp6
166 FreeBSD-SA-20:32.rtsold
168 Fix execve/fexecve system call auditing. [EN-20:19.audit]
170 Update timezone database information. [EN-20:20.tzdata]
172 Fix uninitialized variable in ipfw. [EN-20:21.ipfw]
174 Fix race condition in callout CPU migration. [EN-20:22.callout]
176 Fix ICMPv6 use-after-free in error message handling. [SA-20:31.icmp6]
178 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in rtsold. [SA-20:32.rtsold]
183 20200915: p1 FreeBSD-SA-20:27.ure
184 FreeBSD-SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs
185 FreeBSD-SA-20:29.bhyve_svm
186 FreeBSD-SA-20:30.ftpd
188 Fix ure device driver susceptible to packet-in-packet attack.
191 Fix bhyve privilege escalation via VMCS access. [SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs]
193 Fix bhyve SVM guest escape. [SA-20:29.bhyve_svm]
195 Fix ftpd privilege escalation via ftpchroot. [SA-20:30.ftpd]
198 The make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION variable, used for disabling and
199 enabling assertions and statistics gathering in malloc(3), has been
200 migrated to a src.conf(5) WITH/WITHOUT_MALLOC_PRODUCTION option.
202 On stable branches, WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION is set by default, which
203 means that malloc(3) has assertions and statistics gathering disabled,
204 for improved performance.
206 For backwards compatibility, the make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION is still
207 honored, but it is now deprecated and undocumented.
210 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
211 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
212 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
213 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
216 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
217 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
218 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
219 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
222 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
223 re-enable it for the entire system with the
224 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB.
226 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
227 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
228 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
229 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc.
232 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
233 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
234 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
235 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
236 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
237 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
240 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
241 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
242 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
243 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
246 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
247 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
248 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
249 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
250 differences between those included in the port and those included in
251 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
252 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
253 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
256 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
257 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
258 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
259 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
262 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
263 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
264 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
265 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
266 add superio to the set.
269 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
270 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
271 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
272 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
273 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
274 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
277 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
278 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
279 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
280 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
283 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
284 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
285 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
286 your scripts, because they had no effect.
288 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
289 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
290 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
291 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
292 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
295 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
296 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
297 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
298 "options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
301 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
302 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
303 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
304 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
305 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
306 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
307 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
310 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
311 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
312 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
313 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
316 Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
317 functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
318 again. The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
321 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
322 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
323 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
327 The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
328 with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
329 Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
332 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
333 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
334 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
338 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
339 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
343 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
344 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
345 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
346 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
347 is loaded automatically.
350 r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
351 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
352 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
353 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
354 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
358 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
359 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
360 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
361 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
364 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
365 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
366 FreeBSD-13. A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
367 the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
371 The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
375 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
376 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
379 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
380 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
381 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
382 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
383 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
384 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
385 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
386 that as you will get better support.
388 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
389 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
390 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
391 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
393 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
394 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
395 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
396 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
400 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
401 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
402 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
403 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
404 be adjusted as necessary.
407 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
408 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is
409 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
410 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
413 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
414 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
415 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
416 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
420 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
421 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
422 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
423 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
427 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
428 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
429 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
430 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
431 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
432 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
435 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
436 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
437 default since FreeBSD-11.
440 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
441 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
442 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
445 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
446 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
447 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
448 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
449 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
450 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
451 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
453 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
454 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
457 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
458 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
459 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
460 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
461 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
462 may not be observed in a future release.
465 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
466 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
470 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
471 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
472 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
473 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
476 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
477 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
478 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
479 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
483 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
484 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
485 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
488 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
489 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
490 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
491 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
492 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
495 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
496 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
497 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
498 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
499 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
500 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
503 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
504 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
505 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
509 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
510 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
511 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
514 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
515 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
516 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
517 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
518 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
519 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
520 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
521 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
522 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
523 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
527 Big endian arm support has been removed.
530 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
531 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
532 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
533 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
534 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
537 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
538 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
539 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
540 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
541 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
542 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
545 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
546 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
549 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
550 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
551 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
552 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
553 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
554 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
555 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
558 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
559 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
560 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
564 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
565 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
566 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
569 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
570 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
573 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
574 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
578 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
579 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
580 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
581 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
584 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
585 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
586 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
590 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
591 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
592 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
596 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
597 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
598 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
599 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
600 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
601 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
604 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
605 workaround is necessary.
608 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
609 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and
610 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
611 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
614 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
615 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
616 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
617 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
618 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
621 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
622 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
623 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
624 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
627 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
628 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
629 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
633 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
634 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
638 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
639 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
643 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
644 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
645 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
646 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
647 microseconds and time zone offsets.
649 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
650 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
651 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
652 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
653 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
654 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
655 adjustments, depending on the software used.
657 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
658 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
661 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
664 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
665 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
666 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
668 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
670 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
671 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
672 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
673 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
674 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
675 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
676 thus expected to continue to function as before.
678 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
682 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
683 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
684 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
687 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
688 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
689 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
690 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
691 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
692 should be as simple as:
694 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
695 $ make depend all install
698 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
699 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
700 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
701 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
702 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
703 provisions for backup boot methods.
706 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
707 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
708 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
711 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
712 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
713 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
717 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
718 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
719 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
721 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
722 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
725 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
726 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
727 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
728 from kernel config files.
731 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
732 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
733 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
735 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
736 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
739 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
740 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
741 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
742 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
745 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
746 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
749 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
750 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
751 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
752 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
755 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
756 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
757 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
758 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
759 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
760 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
763 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
764 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
765 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
768 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
769 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
770 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
771 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
772 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
775 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
776 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
777 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
778 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
779 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
783 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
784 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
785 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
786 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
787 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
788 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
789 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
790 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
791 than hardcoding paths.
794 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
795 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
796 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
799 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
800 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
801 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
802 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
805 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
806 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
809 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
810 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
811 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
812 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
815 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
816 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
817 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
818 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
819 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
822 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
823 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
824 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
825 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
829 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
830 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
831 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
832 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
833 soft-float everything else should be affected.
836 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
837 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
840 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
841 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
845 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
846 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
850 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
851 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
852 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
853 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
855 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
856 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
857 sandbox if successful.
859 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
860 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
861 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
862 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
863 an unprivileged user.
866 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
867 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
868 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
869 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
870 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
871 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
872 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
873 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
874 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
875 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
876 to which you should answer yes.
879 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
880 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
881 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
882 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
883 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
886 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
887 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
888 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
891 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
892 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
895 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
896 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
897 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
898 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
899 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
900 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
901 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
904 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
905 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
906 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
907 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
908 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
909 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
912 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
913 if you require the GPL compiler.
916 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
917 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
918 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
921 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
922 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
923 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
927 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
928 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
929 from ports (and recommends to install it).
930 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
931 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
932 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
935 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
936 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
937 which only require one chipset support.
939 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
943 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
944 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
945 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
947 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
948 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
951 * load the chip modules in question
952 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
954 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
955 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
957 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
960 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
961 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
962 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
964 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
965 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
966 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
968 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
969 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the
970 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
971 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically,
972 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
976 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
977 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
978 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
981 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
982 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
983 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
986 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
987 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
988 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
989 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
990 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
991 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
992 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
995 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
996 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
997 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
998 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1001 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1002 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1003 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1006 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1007 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1008 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1011 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1012 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1014 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1015 via one of the following methods:
1016 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1017 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1018 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1019 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1021 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1024 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1025 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1026 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1027 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1031 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1032 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1033 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1034 be prefixed with colon.
1037 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1038 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1039 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1042 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1043 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1044 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1047 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1048 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1049 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1053 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1057 MCA bus support has been removed.
1060 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1061 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1064 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1065 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1068 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1069 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1070 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
1073 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1074 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1075 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1078 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1079 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1080 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1083 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1084 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1085 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1088 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1089 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1090 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1091 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1094 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1095 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1097 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1098 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1101 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1102 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1103 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1107 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1108 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1109 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1112 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1113 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1116 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1117 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1118 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1119 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1122 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1123 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1124 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1125 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1126 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1129 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1132 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1133 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1134 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1135 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1138 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1139 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1140 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1144 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1145 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1146 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1147 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1148 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1152 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1153 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1156 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1159 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1160 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1161 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1162 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1163 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1164 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1168 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1169 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1170 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1171 previously contained a line like
1172 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1173 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1174 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1178 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1179 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1180 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1181 built with the old headers.
1184 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1185 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1186 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1187 installing a new libc.
1190 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1191 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1192 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1193 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1194 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1195 packages will be needed.
1197 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1198 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1199 and the install steps.
1202 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1203 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1204 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1205 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1206 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1207 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1210 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1211 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1212 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1213 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1214 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1216 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1217 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1218 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1219 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1220 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1222 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1223 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1224 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1225 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1226 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1227 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1230 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1231 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1232 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1233 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1234 quirks entry to 0x3.
1237 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1238 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1239 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1242 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1243 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1246 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1247 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1248 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1249 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1250 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1251 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1252 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1253 stale .depend files.
1256 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1257 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1258 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1262 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1263 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1264 make -C sys/boot install
1265 <reboot in single user>
1267 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1271 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1272 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1273 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1276 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1277 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1278 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1279 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1280 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1281 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1284 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1285 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1286 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1287 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1288 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1291 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1292 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1293 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1294 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1295 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1298 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1299 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1302 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1303 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1304 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1307 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1308 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1309 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1313 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1314 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1315 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1316 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1317 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1318 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1321 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1322 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1323 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1324 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1328 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1329 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1330 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1333 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1334 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1335 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1337 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1338 collation results will be different.
1340 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1341 locales before running make installworld.
1343 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1346 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1347 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1350 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1351 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1352 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1355 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1356 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1357 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1358 and 'make -N' will not.
1361 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1362 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1363 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1364 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1365 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1366 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1367 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1368 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1371 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1372 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1373 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1374 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1377 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1378 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1379 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1382 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1383 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1384 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1385 userland debug files.
1387 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1388 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1389 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1391 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1392 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1395 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1396 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1397 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1398 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1399 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1400 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1403 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1404 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1405 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1408 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1409 them, the kernel must have
1412 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1414 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1415 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1416 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1417 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1419 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1420 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1423 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1424 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1425 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1428 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1429 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1430 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1431 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1433 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1434 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1435 difference with this change.
1437 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1438 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1439 remove that workaround.
1442 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1443 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1444 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1447 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1450 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1451 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1452 loader.rc.local instead.
1455 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1456 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1457 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1460 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1461 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1462 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1464 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1465 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1468 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1469 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1470 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1471 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1472 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1473 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1474 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1475 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1476 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1477 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1478 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1479 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1482 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1483 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1485 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1486 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1487 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1489 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1490 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1492 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1493 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1494 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1496 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1497 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1498 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1499 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1501 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1502 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1503 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1504 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1506 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1507 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1508 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1509 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1510 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1511 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1512 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1513 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1517 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1518 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1521 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1522 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1525 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1526 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1527 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1528 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1529 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1532 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1533 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1534 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1535 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1538 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1539 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1540 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1541 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1542 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1543 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1544 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1546 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1547 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1548 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1549 replace it with '2'.
1550 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1551 a file path, create a new file with:
1552 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1553 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1554 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1555 5. Restart sendmail:
1556 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1558 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1562 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1563 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1564 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1565 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1568 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1571 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1572 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1573 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1576 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1577 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1580 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1581 same but content is different now
1582 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1583 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1584 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1585 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1586 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1589 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1590 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1591 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1594 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1595 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1598 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1599 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1602 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1603 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1604 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1607 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1608 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1609 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1610 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1613 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1614 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1615 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1618 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1619 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1620 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1621 kernel before rebooting.
1624 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1625 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1626 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1627 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1628 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1629 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1632 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1633 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1634 with the new kernel.
1637 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1638 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1639 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1642 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1643 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1644 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1645 are not already using 3.5.0.
1648 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1649 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1650 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1651 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1652 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1655 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1656 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1657 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1658 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1661 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1662 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1665 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1667 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1668 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1669 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1670 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1671 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1672 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1675 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1676 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1679 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1680 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1681 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1682 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1684 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1685 the instructions for 9.x above.
1687 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1688 default, and do not build clang.
1690 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1691 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1692 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1694 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1695 the following are most likely to appear:
1699 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1700 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1701 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1702 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1703 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1704 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1705 cast, or disable the warning.
1707 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1708 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1709 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1710 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1713 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1714 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1716 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1717 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1718 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1719 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1721 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1722 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1723 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1724 unreachable could be optimized away.
1727 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1728 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1729 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1730 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1731 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1732 the utilities will report errors.
1735 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1736 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1737 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1738 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1739 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1743 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1744 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1747 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1748 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1749 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1752 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1753 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1754 indicate what you need to do.
1756 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1757 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1758 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1760 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1761 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1765 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1766 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1770 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1771 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1775 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1779 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1780 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1781 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1782 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1783 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1784 their next update cycle.
1787 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1788 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1789 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1790 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1794 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1795 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1798 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1799 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1800 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1801 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1802 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1806 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1807 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1809 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1812 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1813 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1814 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1815 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1819 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1820 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1824 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1825 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1826 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1827 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1828 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1831 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1832 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1833 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1836 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1837 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1838 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1841 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1842 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1843 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1844 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1845 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1846 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1847 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1848 "make installworld".
1850 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1851 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1852 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1855 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1856 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1857 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1858 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1859 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1862 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1865 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1866 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1870 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1871 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1872 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1873 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1874 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1875 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1876 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1877 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1878 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1879 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1880 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1881 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1883 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1884 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1885 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1889 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1890 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1893 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1894 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1895 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1896 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1897 build hosts for older releases.
1899 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1900 r276991, respectively.
1903 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1904 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1905 will silently lack HESIOD.
1908 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1909 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1910 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1911 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1912 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1913 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1914 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1915 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1916 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1917 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1918 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1919 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1922 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1923 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1924 with command line option -W.
1927 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1928 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1929 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1930 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1931 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1934 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1937 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1938 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1941 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1942 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1943 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1944 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1945 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1948 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1949 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1950 kernel is still highly recommended.
1953 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1954 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1955 capability mode support in kernel.
1958 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1959 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1960 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1961 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1962 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1965 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1966 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1967 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1968 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1969 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1970 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1973 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1974 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1975 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1976 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1977 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1978 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1979 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1980 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1981 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1984 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1985 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1986 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1987 should change your settings to use the latter.
1990 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1991 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1992 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1993 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1994 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1997 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1998 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1999 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2001 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2003 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2006 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2013 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2014 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2015 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2016 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2017 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2018 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2019 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2021 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2022 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2023 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2024 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2025 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2027 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2028 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2029 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2030 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2031 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2032 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2033 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2034 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2037 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2038 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2039 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2040 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2042 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2043 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2044 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2045 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2046 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2047 should write them with this in mind.
2051 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2054 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2055 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2057 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2059 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2060 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2061 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
2063 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2067 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2068 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2069 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2071 make kernel-toolchain
2072 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2073 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2075 To test a kernel once
2076 ---------------------
2077 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2078 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2079 debugging information) run
2080 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2081 nextboot -k testkernel
2083 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2084 -----------------------------------------------------------
2085 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2086 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2088 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2090 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2091 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2093 <reboot in single user> [3]
2100 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2101 --------------------------------------------------
2102 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2103 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2104 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2107 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2110 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2111 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2112 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2113 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2114 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2115 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2116 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2117 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2118 <reboot into current>
2119 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2120 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2124 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2125 ----------------------------------------------
2126 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2128 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2129 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2131 <reboot in single user> [3]
2138 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2139 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2140 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2141 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2142 the UPDATING entries.
2144 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2145 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2146 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2147 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2148 much fewer pitfalls.
2150 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2151 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2154 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2159 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2160 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2161 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2163 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2164 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2165 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2166 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2167 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2168 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2169 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2171 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2172 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2173 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2174 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2175 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2176 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2178 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2179 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2180 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2182 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
2183 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
2184 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2185 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2186 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2187 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2188 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2190 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2191 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2193 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2194 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2195 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2197 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2198 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2199 warn if it is improperly defined.
2202 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2203 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2204 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2205 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2206 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2208 Copyright information:
2210 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2212 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2213 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2214 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2216 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2217 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2218 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2219 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2220 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2221 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2222 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2223 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2224 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2225 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2226 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2228 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
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