1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/12 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
19 20210406: p6 FreeBSD-EN-21:09.pf
22 FreeBSD-SA-21:09.accept_filter
23 FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount
25 net.pf.request_maxcount not settable from loader.conf(5) [EN-21:09.pf]
27 lldb abort on print command [EN-21:10.lldb]
29 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-21:08.vm]
31 Double free in accept_filter(9) socket configuration interface [SA-21:09.accept_filter]
33 Jail escape possible by mounting over jail root [SA-21:10.jail_mount]
35 20210325: p5 FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl
37 Fix multiple OpenSSL issues [SA-21:07.openssl]
39 20210223: p4 FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access
40 FreeBSD-SA-21:04.jail_remove
41 FreeBSD-SA-21:05.jail_chdir
43 FreeBSD-EN-21:06.microcode
44 FreeBSD-EN-21:07.caroot
45 FreeBSD-EN-21:08.freebsd-update
47 login.access fails to apply rules [SA-21:03.pam_login_access]
49 jail_remove(2) fails to kill all jailed processes [SA-21:04.jail_remove]
51 jail_attach(2) relies on the caller to change the cwd [SA-21:05.jail_chdir]
53 Xen grant mapping error handling issues [SA-21:06.xen]
55 Boot-time microcode loading causes a boot hang [EN-21:06.microcode]
57 Root certificate bundle update [EN-21:07.caroot]
59 freebsd-update passwd regeneration [EN-21:08.freebsd-update]
61 20210128: p3 FreeBSD-EN-21:01.tzdata
64 FreeBSD-SA-21:01.fsdisclosure
65 FreeBSD-SA-21:02.xenoom
67 Update timezone database information [EN-21:01.tzdata]
69 Panic when destroying VNET and epair simultaneously [EN-21:03.vnet]
71 zfs recv fails to propagate snapshot deletion [EN-21:04.zfs]
73 Uninitialized file system kernel stack leaks [SA-21:01.fsdisclosure]
75 Xen guest-triggered out of memory [SA-21:02.xenoom]
77 20201208: p2 FreeBSD-SA-20:33.openssl
79 Fix OpenSSL NULL pointer de-reference. [SA-20:33.openssl]
81 20201201: p1 FreeBSD-EN-20:19.audit
82 FreeBSD-EN-20:20.tzdata
84 FreeBSD-EN-20:22.callout
85 FreeBSD-SA-20:31.icmp6
86 FreeBSD-SA-20:32.rtsold
88 Fix execve/fexecve system call auditing. [EN-20:19.audit]
90 Update timezone database information. [EN-20:20.tzdata]
92 Fix uninitialized variable in ipfw. [EN-20:21.ipfw]
94 Fix race condition in callout CPU migration. [EN-20:22.callout]
96 Fix ICMPv6 use-after-free in error message handling. [SA-20:31.icmp6]
98 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in rtsold. [SA-20:32.rtsold]
103 20200915: p1 FreeBSD-SA-20:27.ure
104 FreeBSD-SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs
105 FreeBSD-SA-20:29.bhyve_svm
106 FreeBSD-SA-20:30.ftpd
108 Fix ure device driver susceptible to packet-in-packet attack.
111 Fix bhyve privilege escalation via VMCS access. [SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs]
113 Fix bhyve SVM guest escape. [SA-20:29.bhyve_svm]
115 Fix ftpd privilege escalation via ftpchroot. [SA-20:30.ftpd]
118 The make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION variable, used for disabling and
119 enabling assertions and statistics gathering in malloc(3), has been
120 migrated to a src.conf(5) WITH/WITHOUT_MALLOC_PRODUCTION option.
122 On stable branches, WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION is set by default, which
123 means that malloc(3) has assertions and statistics gathering disabled,
124 for improved performance.
126 For backwards compatibility, the make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION is still
127 honored, but it is now deprecated and undocumented.
130 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
131 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
132 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
133 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
136 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
137 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
138 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
139 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
142 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
143 re-enable it for the entire system with the
144 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB.
146 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
147 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
148 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
149 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc.
152 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
153 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
154 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
155 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
156 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
157 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
160 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
161 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
162 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
163 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
166 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
167 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
168 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
169 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
170 differences between those included in the port and those included in
171 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
172 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
173 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
176 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
177 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
178 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
179 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
182 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
183 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
184 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
185 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
186 add superio to the set.
189 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
190 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
191 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
192 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
193 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
194 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
197 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
198 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
199 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
200 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
203 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
204 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
205 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
206 your scripts, because they had no effect.
208 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
209 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
210 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
211 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
212 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
215 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
216 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
217 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
218 "options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
221 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
222 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
223 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
224 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
225 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
226 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
227 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
230 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
231 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
232 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
233 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
236 Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
237 functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
238 again. The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
241 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
242 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
243 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
247 The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
248 with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
249 Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
252 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
253 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
254 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
258 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
259 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
263 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
264 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
265 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
266 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
267 is loaded automatically.
270 r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
271 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
272 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
273 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
274 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
278 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
279 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
280 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
281 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
284 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
285 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
286 FreeBSD-13. A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
287 the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
291 The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
295 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
296 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
299 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
300 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
301 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
302 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
303 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
304 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
305 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
306 that as you will get better support.
308 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
309 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
310 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
311 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
313 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
314 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
315 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
316 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
320 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
321 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
322 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
323 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
324 be adjusted as necessary.
327 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
328 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is
329 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
330 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
333 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
334 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
335 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
336 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
340 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
341 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
342 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
343 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
347 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
348 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
349 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
350 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
351 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
352 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
355 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
356 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
357 default since FreeBSD-11.
360 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
361 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
362 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
365 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
366 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
367 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
368 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
369 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
370 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
371 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
373 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
374 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
377 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
378 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
379 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
380 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
381 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
382 may not be observed in a future release.
385 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
386 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
390 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
391 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
392 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
393 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
396 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
397 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
398 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
399 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
403 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
404 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
405 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
408 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
409 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
410 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
411 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
412 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
415 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
416 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
417 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
418 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
419 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
420 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
423 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
424 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
425 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
429 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
430 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
431 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
434 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
435 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
436 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
437 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
438 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
439 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
440 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
441 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
442 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
443 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
447 Big endian arm support has been removed.
450 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
451 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
452 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
453 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
454 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
457 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
458 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
459 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
460 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
461 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
462 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
465 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
466 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
469 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
470 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
471 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
472 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
473 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
474 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
475 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
478 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
479 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
480 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
484 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
485 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
486 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
489 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
490 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
493 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
494 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
498 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
499 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
500 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
501 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
504 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
505 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
506 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
510 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
511 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
512 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
516 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
517 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
518 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
519 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
520 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
521 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
524 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
525 workaround is necessary.
528 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
529 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and
530 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
531 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
534 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
535 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
536 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
537 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
538 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
541 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
542 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
543 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
544 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
547 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
548 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
549 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
553 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
554 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
558 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
559 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
563 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
564 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
565 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
566 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
567 microseconds and time zone offsets.
569 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
570 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
571 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
572 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
573 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
574 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
575 adjustments, depending on the software used.
577 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
578 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
581 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
584 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
585 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
586 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
588 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
590 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
591 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
592 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
593 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
594 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
595 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
596 thus expected to continue to function as before.
598 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
602 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
603 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
604 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
607 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
608 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
609 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
610 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
611 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
612 should be as simple as:
614 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
615 $ make depend all install
618 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
619 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
620 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
621 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
622 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
623 provisions for backup boot methods.
626 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
627 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
628 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
631 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
632 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
633 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
637 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
638 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
639 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
641 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
642 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
645 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
646 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
647 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
648 from kernel config files.
651 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
652 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
653 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
655 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
656 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
659 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
660 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
661 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
662 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
665 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
666 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
669 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
670 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
671 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
672 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
675 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
676 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
677 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
678 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
679 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
680 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
683 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
684 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
685 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
688 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
689 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
690 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
691 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
692 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
695 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
696 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
697 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
698 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
699 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
703 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
704 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
705 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
706 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
707 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
708 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
709 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
710 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
711 than hardcoding paths.
714 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
715 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
716 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
719 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
720 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
721 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
722 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
725 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
726 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
729 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
730 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
731 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
732 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
735 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
736 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
737 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
738 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
739 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
742 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
743 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
744 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
745 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
749 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
750 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
751 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
752 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
753 soft-float everything else should be affected.
756 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
757 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
760 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
761 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
765 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
766 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
770 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
771 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
772 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
773 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
775 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
776 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
777 sandbox if successful.
779 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
780 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
781 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
782 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
783 an unprivileged user.
786 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
787 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
788 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
789 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
790 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
791 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
792 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
793 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
794 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
795 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
796 to which you should answer yes.
799 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
800 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
801 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
802 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
803 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
806 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
807 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
808 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
811 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
812 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
815 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
816 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
817 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
818 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
819 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
820 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
821 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
824 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
825 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
826 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
827 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
828 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
829 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
832 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
833 if you require the GPL compiler.
836 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
837 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
838 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
841 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
842 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
843 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
847 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
848 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
849 from ports (and recommends to install it).
850 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
851 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
852 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
855 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
856 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
857 which only require one chipset support.
859 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
863 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
864 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
865 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
867 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
868 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
871 * load the chip modules in question
872 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
874 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
875 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
877 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
880 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
881 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
882 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
884 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
885 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
886 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
888 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
889 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the
890 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
891 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically,
892 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
896 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
897 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
898 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
901 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
902 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
903 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
906 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
907 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
908 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
909 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
910 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
911 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
912 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
915 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
916 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
917 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
918 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
921 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
922 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
923 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
926 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
927 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
928 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
931 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
932 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
934 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
935 via one of the following methods:
936 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
937 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
938 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
939 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
941 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
944 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
945 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
946 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
947 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
951 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
952 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
953 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
954 be prefixed with colon.
957 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
958 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
959 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
962 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
963 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
964 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
967 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
968 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
969 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
973 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
977 MCA bus support has been removed.
980 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
981 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
984 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
985 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
988 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
989 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
990 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
993 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
994 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
995 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
998 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
999 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1000 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1003 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1004 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1005 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1008 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1009 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1010 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1011 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1014 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1015 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1017 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1018 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1021 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1022 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1023 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1027 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1028 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1029 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1032 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1033 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1036 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1037 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1038 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1039 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1042 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1043 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1044 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1045 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1046 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1049 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1052 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1053 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1054 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1055 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1058 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1059 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1060 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1064 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1065 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1066 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1067 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1068 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1072 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1073 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1076 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1079 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1080 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1081 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1082 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1083 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1084 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1088 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1089 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1090 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1091 previously contained a line like
1092 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1093 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1094 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1098 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1099 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1100 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1101 built with the old headers.
1104 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1105 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1106 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1107 installing a new libc.
1110 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1111 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1112 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1113 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1114 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1115 packages will be needed.
1117 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1118 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1119 and the install steps.
1122 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1123 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1124 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1125 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1126 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1127 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1130 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1131 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1132 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1133 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1134 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1136 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1137 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1138 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1139 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1140 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1142 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1143 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1144 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1145 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1146 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1147 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1150 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1151 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1152 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1153 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1154 quirks entry to 0x3.
1157 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1158 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1159 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1162 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1163 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1166 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1167 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1168 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1169 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1170 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1171 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1172 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1173 stale .depend files.
1176 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1177 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1178 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1182 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1183 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1184 make -C sys/boot install
1185 <reboot in single user>
1187 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1191 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1192 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1193 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1196 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1197 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1198 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1199 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1200 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1201 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1204 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1205 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1206 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1207 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1208 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1211 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1212 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1213 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1214 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1215 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1218 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1219 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1222 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1223 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1224 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1227 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1228 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1229 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1233 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1234 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1235 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1236 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1237 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1238 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1241 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1242 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1243 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1244 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1248 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1249 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1250 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1253 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1254 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1255 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1257 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1258 collation results will be different.
1260 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1261 locales before running make installworld.
1263 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1266 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1267 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1270 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1271 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1272 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1275 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1276 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1277 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1278 and 'make -N' will not.
1281 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1282 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1283 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1284 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1285 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1286 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1287 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1288 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1291 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1292 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1293 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1294 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1297 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1298 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1299 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1302 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1303 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1304 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1305 userland debug files.
1307 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1308 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1309 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1311 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1312 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1315 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1316 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1317 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1318 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1319 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1320 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1323 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1324 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1325 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1328 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1329 them, the kernel must have
1332 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1334 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1335 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1336 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1337 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1339 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1340 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1343 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1344 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1345 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1348 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1349 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1350 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1351 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1353 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1354 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1355 difference with this change.
1357 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1358 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1359 remove that workaround.
1362 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1363 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1364 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1367 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1370 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1371 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1372 loader.rc.local instead.
1375 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1376 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1377 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1380 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1381 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1382 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1384 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1385 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1388 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1389 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1390 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1391 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1392 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1393 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1394 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1395 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1396 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1397 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1398 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1399 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1402 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1403 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1405 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1406 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1407 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1409 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1410 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1412 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1413 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1414 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1416 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1417 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1418 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1419 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1421 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1422 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1423 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1424 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1426 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1427 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1428 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1429 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1430 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1431 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1432 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1433 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1437 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1438 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1441 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1442 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1445 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1446 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1447 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1448 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1449 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1452 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1453 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1454 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1455 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1458 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1459 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1460 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1461 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1462 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1463 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1464 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1466 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1467 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1468 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1469 replace it with '2'.
1470 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1471 a file path, create a new file with:
1472 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1473 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1474 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1475 5. Restart sendmail:
1476 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1478 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1482 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1483 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1484 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1485 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1488 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1491 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1492 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1493 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1496 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1497 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1500 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1501 same but content is different now
1502 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1503 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1504 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1505 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1506 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1509 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1510 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1511 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1514 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1515 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1518 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1519 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1522 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1523 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1524 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1527 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1528 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1529 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1530 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1533 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1534 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1535 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1538 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1539 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1540 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1541 kernel before rebooting.
1544 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1545 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1546 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1547 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1548 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1549 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1552 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1553 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1554 with the new kernel.
1557 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1558 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1559 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1562 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1563 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1564 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1565 are not already using 3.5.0.
1568 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1569 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1570 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1571 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1572 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1575 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1576 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1577 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1578 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1581 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1582 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1585 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1587 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1588 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1589 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1590 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1591 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1592 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1595 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1596 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1599 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1600 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1601 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1602 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1604 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1605 the instructions for 9.x above.
1607 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1608 default, and do not build clang.
1610 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1611 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1612 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1614 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1615 the following are most likely to appear:
1619 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1620 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1621 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1622 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1623 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1624 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1625 cast, or disable the warning.
1627 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1628 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1629 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1630 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1633 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1634 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1636 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1637 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1638 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1639 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1641 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1642 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1643 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1644 unreachable could be optimized away.
1647 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1648 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1649 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1650 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1651 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1652 the utilities will report errors.
1655 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1656 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1657 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1658 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1659 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1663 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1664 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1667 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1668 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1669 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1672 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1673 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1674 indicate what you need to do.
1676 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1677 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1678 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1680 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1681 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1685 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1686 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1690 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1691 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1695 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1699 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1700 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1701 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1702 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1703 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1704 their next update cycle.
1707 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1708 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1709 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1710 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1714 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1715 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1718 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1719 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1720 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1721 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1722 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1726 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1727 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1729 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1732 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1733 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1734 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1735 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1739 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1740 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1744 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1745 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1746 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1747 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1748 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1751 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1752 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1753 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1756 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1757 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1758 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1761 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1762 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1763 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1764 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1765 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1766 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1767 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1768 "make installworld".
1770 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1771 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1772 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1775 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1776 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1777 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1778 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1779 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1782 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1785 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1786 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1790 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1791 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1792 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1793 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1794 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1795 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1796 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1797 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1798 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1799 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1800 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1801 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1803 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1804 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1805 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1809 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1810 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1813 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1814 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1815 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1816 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1817 build hosts for older releases.
1819 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1820 r276991, respectively.
1823 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1824 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1825 will silently lack HESIOD.
1828 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1829 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1830 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1831 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1832 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1833 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1834 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1835 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1836 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1837 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1838 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1839 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1842 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1843 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1844 with command line option -W.
1847 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1848 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1849 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1850 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1851 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1854 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1857 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1858 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1861 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1862 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1863 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1864 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1865 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1868 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1869 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1870 kernel is still highly recommended.
1873 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1874 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1875 capability mode support in kernel.
1878 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1879 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1880 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1881 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1882 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1885 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1886 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1887 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1888 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1889 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1890 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1893 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1894 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1895 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1896 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1897 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1898 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1899 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1900 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1901 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1904 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1905 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1906 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1907 should change your settings to use the latter.
1910 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1911 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1912 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1913 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1914 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1917 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1918 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1919 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1921 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1923 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1926 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1933 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1934 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1935 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1936 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1937 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1938 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1939 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1941 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1942 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1943 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1944 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1945 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1947 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1948 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1949 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1950 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
1951 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
1952 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1953 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1954 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1957 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1958 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1959 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1960 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1962 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1963 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1964 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1965 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1966 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1967 should write them with this in mind.
1971 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1974 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1975 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1977 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1979 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1980 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1981 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1983 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1987 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1988 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1989 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1991 make kernel-toolchain
1992 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1993 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1995 To test a kernel once
1996 ---------------------
1997 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1998 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1999 debugging information) run
2000 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2001 nextboot -k testkernel
2003 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2004 -----------------------------------------------------------
2005 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2006 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2008 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2010 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2011 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2013 <reboot in single user> [3]
2020 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2021 --------------------------------------------------
2022 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2023 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2024 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2027 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2030 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2031 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2032 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2033 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2034 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2035 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2036 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2037 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2038 <reboot into current>
2039 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2040 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2044 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2045 ----------------------------------------------
2046 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2048 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2049 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2051 <reboot in single user> [3]
2058 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2059 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2060 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2061 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2062 the UPDATING entries.
2064 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2065 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2066 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2067 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2068 much fewer pitfalls.
2070 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2071 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2074 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2079 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2080 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2081 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2083 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2084 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2085 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2086 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2087 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2088 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2089 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2091 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2092 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2093 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2094 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2095 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2096 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2098 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2099 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2100 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2102 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
2103 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
2104 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2105 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2106 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2107 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2108 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2110 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2111 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2113 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2114 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2115 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2117 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2118 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2119 warn if it is improperly defined.
2122 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2123 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2124 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2125 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2126 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2128 Copyright information:
2130 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2132 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2133 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2134 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2136 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2137 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2138 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2139 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2140 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2141 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2142 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2143 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2144 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2145 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2146 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2148 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
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