1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 13.x IS SLOW:
15 FreeBSD 13.x has many debugging features turned on, in both the kernel
16 and userland. These features attempt to detect incorrect use of
17 system primitives, and encourage loud failure through extra sanity
18 checking and fail stop semantics. They also substantially impact
19 system performance. If you want to do performance measurement,
20 benchmarking, and optimization, you'll want to turn them off. This
21 includes various WITNESS- related kernel options, INVARIANTS, malloc
22 debugging flags in userland, and various verbose features in the
23 kernel. Many developers choose to disable these features on build
24 machines to maximize performance. (To completely disable malloc
25 debugging, define WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION in /etc/src.conf and rebuild
26 world, or to merely disable the most expensive debugging functionality
27 at runtime, run "ln -s 'abort:false,junk:false' /etc/malloc.conf".)
30 ping6 has been merged into ping. It can now be called as "ping -6".
31 See ping(8) for details.
34 Default value of net.add_addr_allfibs has been changed to 0.
35 If you have multi-fib configuration and rely on existence of all
36 interface routes in every fib, you need to set the above sysctl to 1.
38 The internal pre-processor in the calendar(1) program has been
39 extended to support more C pre-processor commands (e.g. #ifdef, #else,
40 and #undef) and to detect unbalanced conditional statements.
41 Error messages have been extended to include the filename and line
42 number if processing stops to help fixing malformed data files.
45 All the data files for the calendar(1) program, except calendar.freebsd,
46 have been moved to the deskutils/calendar-data port, much like the
47 jewish calendar entries were moved to deskutils/hebcal years ago. After
48 make delete-old-files, you need to install it to retain full
49 functionality. calendar(1) will issue a reminder for files it can't
53 LINT files are no longer generated. We now include the relevant NOTES
54 files. Note: This may cause conflicts with updating in some cases.
55 find sys -name LINT\* -delete
56 is suggested across this commit to remove the generated LINT files.
58 If you have tried to update with generated files there, the svn
59 command you want to un-auger the tree is
62 and then do the above find from the top level. Substitute 'amd64'
63 above with where the error message indicates a conflict.
66 OpenZFS support has been integrated. Do not upgrade root pools until
67 the loader is updated to support zstd. Furthermore, we caution against
68 'zpool upgrade' for the next few weeks. The change should be transparent
69 unless you want to use new features.
71 Not all "NO_CLEAN" build scenarios work across these changes. Many
72 scenarios have been tested and fixed, but rebuilding kernels without
73 rebuilding world may fail.
75 The ZFS cache file has moved from /boot to /etc to match the OpenZFS
76 upstream default. A fallback to /boot has been added for mountroot.
78 Pool auto import behavior at boot has been moved from the kernel module
79 to an explicit "zpool import -a" in one of the rc scripts enabled by
80 zfs_enable=YES. This means your non-root zpools won't auto import until
81 you upgrade your /etc/rc.d files.
84 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
85 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
86 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
87 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
90 r362275 changed the internal API between the kernel RPC and the
91 NFS modules. As such, all the modules must be recompiled from
95 r364330 modified the internal API used between the NFS modules.
96 As such, all the NFS modules must be re-compiled from sources.
99 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
100 been upgraded to 11.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
101 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
102 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
105 r364092 modified the internal ABI used between the kernel NFS
106 modules. As such, all of these modules need to be rebuilt
107 from sources, so a version bump was done.
110 Makefile.inc has been updated to work around the issue documented in
111 20200729. It was a case where the optimization of using symbolic links
112 to point to binaries created a situation where we'd run new binaries
113 with old libraries starting midway through the installworld process.
116 r363679 has redefined some undefined behavior in regcomp(3); notably,
117 extraneous escapes of most ordinary characters will no longer be
118 accepted. An exp-run has identified all of the problems with this in
119 ports, but other non-ports software may need extra escapes removed to
120 continue to function.
122 Because of this change, installworld may encounter the following error
123 from rtld: Undefined symbol "regcomp@FBSD_1.6" -- It is imperative that
124 you do not halt installworld. Instead, let it run to completion (whether
125 successful or not) and run installworld once more.
128 A new implementation of bc and dc has been imported in r362681. This
129 implementation corrects non-conformant behavior of the previous bc
130 and adds GNU bc compatible options. It offers a number of extensions,
131 is much faster on large values, and has support for message catalogs
132 (a number of languages are already supported, contributions of further
133 languages welcome). The option WITHOUT_GH_BC can be used to build the
134 world with the previous versions of bc and dc.
137 r362639 changed the internal API used between the NFS kernel modules.
138 As such, they all need to be rebuilt from sources.
141 r362158 changed the arguments for VFS_CHECKEXP(). As such, any
142 out of tree file systems need to be modified and rebuilt.
143 Also, any file systems that are modules must be rebuilt.
146 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
147 re-enable it for system root only on non-ZFS filesystems with the
148 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB if
149 security.bsd.suser_enabled=1.
151 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
152 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
153 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
154 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc and
158 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
159 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
160 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
161 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
164 Support for obsolete compilers has been removed from the build system.
165 Clang 6 and GCC 6.4 are the minimum supported versions.
168 closefrom(2) has been moved under COMPAT12, and replaced in libc with a
169 stub that calls close_range(2). If using a custom kernel configuration,
170 you may want to ensure that the COMPAT_FREEBSD12 option is included, as
171 a slightly older -CURRENT userland and older FreeBSD userlands may not
172 be functional without closefrom(2).
175 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
176 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
177 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
178 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
179 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
180 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
183 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
184 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
185 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
186 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
189 The amd(8) automount daemon has been removed from the source tree.
190 As of FreeBSD 10.1 autofs(5) is the preferred tool for automounting.
191 amd is still available in the sysutils/am-utils port.
194 Removed brooktree driver (bktr.4) from the tree.
197 The WITH_GPL_DTC option has been removed. The BSD-licenced device tree
198 compiler in usr.bin/dtc is used on all architectures which use dtc, and
199 the GPL dtc is available (if needed) from the sysutils/dtc port.
202 The WITHOUT_LLVM_LIBUNWIND option has been removed. LLVM's libunwind
203 is used by all supported CPU architectures.
206 GCC 4.2.1 has been removed from the tree. The WITH_GCC,
207 WITH_GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and WITH_GNUCXX options are no longer available.
208 Users who wish to build FreeBSD with GCC must use the external toolchain
212 ncurses has been updated to a newer version (6.2-20200215). Given the ABI
213 has changed, users will have to rebuild all the ports that are linked to
217 The size of struct vnet and the magic cookie have changed.
218 Users need to recompile libkvm and all modules using VIMAGE
219 together with their new kernel.
222 Defining the long deprecated NO_CTF, NO_DEBUG_FILES, NO_INSTALLLIB,
223 NO_MAN, NO_PROFILE, and NO_WARNS variables is now an error. Update
224 your Makefiles and scripts to define MK_<var>=no instead as required.
226 One exception to this is that program or library Makefiles should
227 define MAN to empty rather than setting MK_MAN=no.
230 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler and LLD the default
234 make universe no longer uses GCC 4.2.1 on any architectures.
235 Architectures not supported by in-tree Clang/LLVM require an
236 external toolchain package.
239 GCC 4.2.1 is now not built by default, as part of the GCC 4.2.1
240 retirement plan. Specifically, the GCC, GCC_BOOTSTRAP, and GNUCXX
241 options default to off for all supported CPU architectures. As a
242 short-term transition aid they may be enabled via WITH_* options.
243 GCC 4.2.1 is expected to be removed from the tree on 2020-03-31.
246 Support for armv5 has been disconnected and is being removed. The
247 machine combination MACHINE=arm MACHINE_ARCH=arm is no longer valid.
248 You must now use a MACHINE_ARCH of armv6 or armv7. The default
249 MACHINE_ARCH for MACHINE=arm is now armv7.
252 Clang/LLVM is now the default compiler for all powerpc architectures.
253 LLD is now the default linker for powerpc64. The change for powerpc64
254 also includes a change to the ELFv2 ABI, incompatible with the existing
258 Kernel-loadable random(4) modules are no longer unloadable.
261 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
262 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
263 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
264 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
267 r355677 has modified the internal interface used between the
268 NFS modules in the kernel. As such, they must all be upgraded
269 simultaneously. I will do a version bump for this.
272 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
273 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
274 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
275 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
276 differences between those included in the port and those included in
277 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
278 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
279 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
282 The amd(8) automount daemon has been disabled by default, and will be
283 removed in the future. As of FreeBSD 10.1 the autofs(5) is available
287 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
288 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
289 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
290 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
291 add superio to the set.
294 KPIs for network drivers to access interface addresses have changed.
295 Users need to recompile NIC driver modules together with kernel.
298 The net.link.tap.user_open sysctl no longer prevents user opening of
299 already created /dev/tapNN devices. Access is still controlled by
300 node permissions, just like tun devices. The net.link.tap.user_open
301 sysctl is now used only to allow users to perform devfs cloning of
302 tap devices, and the subsequent open may not succeed if the user is not
303 in the appropriate group. This sysctl may be deprecated/removed
304 completely in the future.
307 mips, powerpc, and sparc64 are no longer built as part of
308 universe / tinderbox unless MAKE_OBSOLETE_GCC is defined. If
309 not defined, mips, powerpc, and sparc64 builds will look for
310 the xtoolchain binaries and if installed use them for universe
311 builds. As llvm 9.0 becomes vetted for these architectures, they
312 will be removed from the list.
315 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
316 been upgraded to 9.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
317 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
318 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
321 The hpt27xx, hptmv, hptnr, and hptrr drivers have been removed from
322 GENERIC. They are available as modules and can be loaded by adding
323 to /boot/loader.conf hpt27xx_load="YES", hptmv_load="YES",
324 hptnr_load="YES", or hptrr_load="YES", respectively.
327 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
328 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
329 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
330 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
333 Several of ping6's options have been renamed for better consistency
334 with ping. If you use any of -ARWXaghmrtwx, you must update your
335 scripts. See ping6(8) for details.
338 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
339 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
340 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
341 your scripts, because they had no effect.
343 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
344 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
345 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
346 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
347 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
350 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
351 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
352 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
353 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
354 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
355 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
356 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
359 Entropy collection and the /dev/random device are no longer optional
360 components. The "device random" option has been removed.
361 Implementations of distilling algorithms can still be made loadable
362 with "options RANDOM_LOADABLE" (e.g., random_fortuna.ko).
365 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
366 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
367 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
368 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
371 A fix was applied to i386 kernel modules to avoid panics with
372 dpcpu or vnet. Users need to recompile i386 kernel modules
373 having pcpu or vnet sections or they will refuse to load.
376 User-wired pages now have their own counter,
377 vm.stats.vm.v_user_wire_count. The vm.max_wired sysctl was renamed
378 to vm.max_user_wired and changed from an unsigned int to an unsigned
379 long. bhyve VMs wired with the -S are now subject to the user
380 wiring limit; the vm.max_user_wired sysctl may need to be tuned to
381 avoid running into the limit.
384 The IPSEC option has been removed from GENERIC. Users requiring
385 ipsec(4) must now load the ipsec(4) kernel module.
388 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
389 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
390 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
391 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
392 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
393 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
396 The following knobs have been added related to tradeoffs between
397 safe use of the random device and availability in the absence of
400 kern.random.initial_seeding.bypass_before_seeding: tunable; set
401 non-zero to bypass the random device prior to seeding, or zero to
402 block random requests until the random device is initially seeded.
403 For now, set to 1 (unsafe) by default to restore pre-r346250 boot
404 availability properties.
406 kern.random.initial_seeding.read_random_bypassed_before_seeding:
407 read-only diagnostic sysctl that is set when bypass is enabled and
408 read_random(9) is bypassed, to enable programmatic handling of this
409 initial condition, if desired.
411 kern.random.initial_seeding.arc4random_bypassed_before_seeding:
412 Similar to the above, but for for arc4random(9) initial seeding.
414 kern.random.initial_seeding.disable_bypass_warnings: tunable; set
415 non-zero to disable warnings in dmesg when the same conditions are
416 met as for the diagnostic sysctls above. Defaults to zero, i.e.,
417 produce warnings in dmesg when the conditions are met.
420 The loadable random module KPI has changed; the random_infra_init()
421 routine now requires a 3rd function pointer for a bool (*)(void)
422 method that returns true if the random device is seeded (and
423 therefore unblocked).
426 r345895 reverts r320698. This implies that an nfsuserd(8) daemon
427 built from head sources between r320757 (July 6, 2017) and
428 r338192 (Aug. 22, 2018) will not work unless the "-use-udpsock"
429 is added to the command line.
430 nfsuserd daemons built from head sources that are post-r338192 are
431 not affected and should continue to work.
434 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
435 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
436 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
437 "options FUSE" entries in kernel config files.
440 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
441 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
442 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
446 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
447 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
451 drm and drm2 have been removed from the tree. Please see
452 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Graphics for the latest information on
453 migrating to the drm ports.
456 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
457 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
458 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
459 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
460 is loaded automatically.
463 The IEEE80211_AMPDU_AGE and AH_SUPPORT_AR5416 kernel configuration
464 options no longer exist since r343219 and r343427 respectively;
465 nothing uses them, so they should be just removed from custom
469 r342635 changes the way efibootmgr(8) works by requiring users to add
470 the -b (bootnum) parameter for commands where the bootnum was previously
471 specified with each option. For example 'efibootmgr -B 0001' is now
472 'efibootmgr -B -b 0001'.
475 r342286 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
476 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
477 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
478 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
479 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
483 The XLP config has been removed. We can't support 64-bit atomics in this
484 kernel because it is running in 32-bit mode. XLP users must transition
485 to running a 64-bit kernel (XLP64 or XLPN32).
487 The mips GXEMUL support has been removed from FreeBSD. MALTA* + qemu is
488 the preferred emulator today and we don't need two different ones.
490 The old sibyte / swarm / Broadcom BCM1250 support has been
491 removed from the mips port.
494 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
495 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
496 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
500 Remove the timed and netdate programs from the base tree. Setting
501 the time with these daemons has been obsolete for over a decade.
504 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
505 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
506 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
507 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
510 The BSD crtbegin and crtend code has been enabled by default. It has
511 had extensive testing on amd64, arm64, and i386. It can be disabled
512 by building a world with -DWITHOUT_BSD_CRTBEGIN.
515 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
516 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
517 FreeBSD-13. It is available as a package (ctm) for all supported
521 The default newsyslog.conf(5) file has been changed to only include
522 files in /etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ and /usr/local/etc/newsyslog.conf.d/ if
523 the filenames end in '.conf' and do not begin with a '.'.
525 You should check the configuration files in these two directories match
526 this naming convention. You can verify which configuration files are
527 being included using the command:
531 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
532 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
535 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
536 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
537 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
538 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
539 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
540 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
541 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
542 that as you will get better support.
544 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
545 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
546 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package
547 asap and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
549 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
550 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
551 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
552 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
556 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
557 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
558 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
559 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
560 be adjusted as necessary.
563 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
564 additional various API changes throughout the base system. It is
565 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
566 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
569 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
570 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
571 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
572 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
576 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
577 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
578 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
579 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
583 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
584 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
585 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
586 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
587 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
588 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
591 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
592 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
593 default since FreeBSD-11.
596 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
597 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
598 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
601 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
602 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
603 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
604 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
605 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
606 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
607 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
609 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
610 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
613 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
614 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
615 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
616 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
617 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
618 may not be observed in a future release.
621 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
622 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
626 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
627 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
628 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
629 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
632 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
633 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
634 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
635 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
639 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
640 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
641 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
644 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
645 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
646 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
647 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
648 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
651 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
652 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
653 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
654 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
655 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
656 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
659 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
660 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
661 setup a frame buffer for us to use, just add :
665 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
666 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a frame buffer are that
667 u-boot will expose as an EFI frame buffer.
670 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
671 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
672 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
673 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
674 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
675 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
676 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
677 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
678 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
679 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
683 Big endian arm support has been removed.
686 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
687 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
688 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
689 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
690 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
693 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
694 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
695 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
696 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
697 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
698 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
701 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
702 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
705 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
706 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
707 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
708 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
709 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
710 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
711 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
714 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
715 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
716 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
720 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
721 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
722 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed
726 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
727 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
730 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
731 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
735 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
736 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
737 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
738 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
741 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
742 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
743 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
747 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
748 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
749 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
753 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
754 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
755 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
756 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
757 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
758 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
761 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
762 workaround is necessary.
765 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
766 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was acquired by Exar and
767 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
768 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
771 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
772 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
773 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
774 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
775 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
778 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
779 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
780 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
781 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
784 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
785 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
786 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
790 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
791 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
795 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
796 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
800 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
801 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
802 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
803 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
804 microseconds and time zone offsets.
806 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
807 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
808 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
809 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
810 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
811 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
812 adjustments, depending on the software used.
814 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
815 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
818 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
821 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
822 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
823 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
825 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
827 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
828 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
829 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
830 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
831 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
832 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
833 thus expected to continue to function as before.
835 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
839 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
840 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
841 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
844 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
845 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
846 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
847 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
848 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
849 should be as simple as:
851 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
852 $ make depend all install
855 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
856 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
857 Co-existence for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
858 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
859 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
860 provisions for backup boot methods.
863 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
864 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers
865 to be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and
869 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
870 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
871 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
875 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
876 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
877 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
879 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
880 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
883 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
884 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was
885 still needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to
886 remove it from kernel config files.
889 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
890 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
891 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
893 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
894 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
897 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
898 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
899 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
900 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
903 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
904 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
907 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
908 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
909 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
910 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
913 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
914 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
915 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
916 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
917 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
918 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
921 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
922 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
923 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
926 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
927 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
928 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
929 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
930 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
933 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
934 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
935 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
936 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
937 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
941 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
942 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
943 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
944 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
945 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
946 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
947 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
948 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
949 than hardcoding paths.
952 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
953 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
954 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
957 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
958 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
959 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
960 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
963 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
964 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
967 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
968 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
969 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
970 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
973 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
974 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
975 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
976 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
977 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
980 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
981 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
982 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
983 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
987 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
988 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
989 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
990 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
991 soft-float everything else should be affected.
994 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
995 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
998 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
999 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
1003 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
1004 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
1008 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
1009 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
1010 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
1011 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
1013 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
1014 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
1015 sandbox if successful.
1017 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
1018 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
1019 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
1020 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
1021 an unprivileged user.
1024 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
1025 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
1026 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
1027 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
1028 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
1029 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
1030 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
1031 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
1032 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
1033 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
1034 to which you should answer yes.
1037 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
1038 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
1039 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
1040 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
1041 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
1044 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
1045 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1046 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1049 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
1050 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
1053 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
1054 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
1055 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
1056 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
1057 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
1058 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
1059 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
1062 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
1063 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
1064 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
1065 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
1066 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
1067 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
1070 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
1071 if you require the GPL compiler.
1074 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
1075 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
1076 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
1079 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
1080 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
1081 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
1085 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
1086 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
1087 from ports (and recommends to install it).
1088 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
1089 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
1090 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
1093 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
1094 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
1095 which only require one chipset support.
1097 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
1101 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
1102 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
1103 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
1105 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
1106 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
1109 * load the chip modules in question
1110 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
1112 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
1113 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
1115 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
1118 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
1119 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
1120 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
1122 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
1123 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
1124 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
1126 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
1127 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the full
1128 procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild everything and
1129 install it on the current system." Specifically, a reboot is required
1130 after installing the new kernel before installing world. While an
1131 installworld normally works by accident from multiuser after rebooting
1132 the proper kernel, there are many cases where this will fail across this
1133 upgrade and installworld from single user is required.
1136 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
1137 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
1138 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
1141 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
1142 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
1143 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
1146 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
1147 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
1148 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
1149 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
1150 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
1151 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
1152 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
1155 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
1156 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
1157 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
1158 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
1161 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
1162 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
1163 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
1166 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
1167 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
1168 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
1171 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
1172 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
1174 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
1175 via one of the following methods:
1176 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
1177 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
1178 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
1179 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
1181 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
1184 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
1185 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
1186 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
1187 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
1191 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
1192 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
1193 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
1194 be prefixed with colon.
1197 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
1198 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
1199 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
1202 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
1203 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1204 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1207 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
1208 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
1209 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
1213 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
1217 MCA bus support has been removed.
1220 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
1221 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
1224 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
1225 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1228 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1229 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1230 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom
1234 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1235 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1236 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1239 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1240 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1241 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1244 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1245 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1246 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1249 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1250 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1251 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1252 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1255 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1256 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1258 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1259 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1262 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1263 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1264 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1268 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1269 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1270 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1273 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1274 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1277 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1278 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1279 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1280 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1283 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1284 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1285 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1286 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1287 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1290 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1293 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1294 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1295 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1296 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1299 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1300 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1301 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1305 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1306 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1307 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1308 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1309 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1313 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1314 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1317 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1320 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1321 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1322 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1323 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1324 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1325 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1329 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1330 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1331 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1332 previously contained a line like
1333 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1334 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1335 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1339 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1340 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1341 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1342 built with the old headers.
1345 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1346 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1347 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1348 installing a new libc.
1351 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1352 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1353 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1354 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1355 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1356 packages will be needed.
1358 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1359 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1360 and the install steps.
1363 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1364 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1365 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1366 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1367 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1368 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1371 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1372 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1373 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1374 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1375 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1377 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1378 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1379 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1380 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1381 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1383 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1384 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1385 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1386 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1387 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1388 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1391 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1392 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1393 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1394 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1395 quirks entry to 0x3.
1398 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1399 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1400 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1403 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1404 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1407 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1408 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1409 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1410 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1411 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1412 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1413 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1414 stale .depend files.
1417 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1418 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1419 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1423 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1424 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1425 make -C sys/boot install
1426 <reboot in single user>
1428 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1432 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1433 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1434 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1437 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1438 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1439 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1440 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1441 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1442 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1445 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1446 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1447 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1448 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1449 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1452 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1453 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1454 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1455 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1456 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1459 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1460 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1463 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1464 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1465 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1468 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1469 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1470 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1474 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1475 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1476 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1477 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1478 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1479 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1482 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1483 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1484 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1485 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1489 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1490 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1491 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1494 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1495 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1496 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1498 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1499 collation results will be different.
1501 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1502 locales before running make installworld.
1504 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1507 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1508 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1511 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1512 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1513 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1516 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1517 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1518 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1519 and 'make -N' will not.
1522 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1523 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1524 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1525 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1526 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1527 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1528 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1529 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1532 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1533 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1534 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1535 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1538 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1539 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1540 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1543 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1544 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1545 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1546 userland debug files.
1548 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1549 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1550 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1552 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1553 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1556 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1557 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1558 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1559 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1560 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1561 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1564 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1565 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1566 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1569 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1570 them, the kernel must have
1573 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1575 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1576 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1577 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1578 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1580 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1581 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1584 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1585 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1586 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1589 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1590 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1591 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1592 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1594 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1595 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1596 difference with this change.
1598 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1599 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1600 remove that workaround.
1603 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1604 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1605 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1608 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1611 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1612 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1613 loader.rc.local instead.
1616 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1617 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1618 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1621 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1622 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1623 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1625 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1626 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1629 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1630 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1631 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1632 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1633 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1634 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1635 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1636 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1637 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1638 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1639 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1640 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1643 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1644 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1646 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1647 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1648 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1650 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1651 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1653 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1654 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1655 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1657 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1658 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1659 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1660 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1662 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1663 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1664 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1665 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1667 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1668 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1669 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1670 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1671 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1672 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1673 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1674 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1678 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1679 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1682 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1683 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1686 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1687 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1688 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1689 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1690 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1693 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1694 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1695 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1696 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1699 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1700 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1701 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1702 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1703 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1704 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1705 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1707 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1708 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1709 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1710 replace it with '2'.
1711 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1712 a file path, create a new file with:
1713 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1714 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1715 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1716 5. Restart sendmail:
1717 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1719 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1723 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1724 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1725 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1726 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1729 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1732 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1733 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1734 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1737 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1738 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1741 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1742 same but content is different now
1743 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1744 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1745 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1746 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1747 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1750 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1751 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1752 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1755 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1756 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1759 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1760 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1763 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1764 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1765 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1768 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1769 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1770 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1771 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1774 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1775 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1776 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1779 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1780 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1781 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1782 kernel before rebooting.
1785 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1786 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1787 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1788 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1789 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1790 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1793 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1794 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1795 with the new kernel.
1798 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1799 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1800 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1803 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1804 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1805 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1806 are not already using 3.5.0.
1809 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1810 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1811 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1812 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1813 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1816 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1817 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1818 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1819 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1822 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1823 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1826 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1828 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1829 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1830 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1831 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1832 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1833 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1836 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1837 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1840 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1841 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1842 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1843 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1845 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1846 the instructions for 9.x above.
1848 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1849 default, and do not build clang.
1851 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1852 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1853 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1855 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1856 the following are most likely to appear:
1860 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1861 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1862 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1863 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1864 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1865 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1866 cast, or disable the warning.
1868 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1869 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1870 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1871 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1874 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1875 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1877 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1878 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1879 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1880 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1882 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1883 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1884 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1885 unreachable could be optimized away.
1888 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1889 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1890 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1891 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1892 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1893 the utilities will report errors.
1896 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1897 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1898 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1899 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1900 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1904 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1905 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1908 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1909 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1910 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1913 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1914 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1915 indicate what you need to do.
1917 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1918 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1919 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1921 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1922 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1926 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1927 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1931 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1932 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1936 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1940 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1941 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1942 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1943 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1944 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1945 their next update cycle.
1948 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1949 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1950 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1951 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1955 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1956 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1959 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1960 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1961 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1962 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1963 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1967 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1968 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1970 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1973 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1974 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1975 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1976 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1980 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1981 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1985 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1986 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1987 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1988 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1989 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1992 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1993 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1994 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1997 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1998 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1999 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
2002 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
2003 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
2004 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
2005 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
2006 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
2007 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
2008 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
2009 "make installworld".
2011 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
2012 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
2013 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
2016 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
2017 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
2018 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
2019 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
2020 be removed during a clean upgrade.
2023 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
2026 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
2027 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
2031 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
2032 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
2033 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
2034 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
2035 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
2036 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
2037 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
2038 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
2039 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
2040 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
2041 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
2042 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
2044 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
2045 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
2046 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
2050 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
2051 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
2054 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
2055 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
2056 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
2057 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
2058 build hosts for older releases.
2060 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
2061 r276991, respectively.
2064 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
2065 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
2066 will silently lack HESIOD.
2069 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
2070 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
2071 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
2072 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
2073 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
2074 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
2075 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
2076 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
2077 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
2078 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
2079 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
2080 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
2083 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
2084 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
2085 with command line option -W.
2088 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
2089 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
2090 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
2091 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
2092 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
2095 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
2098 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
2099 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
2102 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
2103 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
2104 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
2105 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
2106 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
2109 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
2110 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
2111 kernel is still highly recommended.
2114 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
2115 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
2116 capability mode support in kernel.
2119 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
2120 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
2121 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
2122 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
2123 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
2126 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
2127 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
2128 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
2129 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
2130 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
2131 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
2134 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
2135 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
2136 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
2137 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
2138 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
2139 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
2140 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
2141 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
2142 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
2145 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
2146 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
2147 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
2148 should change your settings to use the latter.
2151 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
2152 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
2153 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
2154 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
2155 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
2158 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
2159 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
2160 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
2162 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
2164 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
2167 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
2174 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2175 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2176 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2177 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2178 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2179 Occasionally a build failure will occur with "make -j" due to a race
2180 condition. If this happens try building again without -j, and please
2181 report a bug if it happens consistently.
2183 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
2184 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
2185 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
2186 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
2187 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
2188 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
2189 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
2190 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
2193 The update process will emit an error on an attempt to perform a build
2194 or install from a FreeBSD version below the earliest supported version.
2195 When updating from an older version the update should be performed one
2196 major release at a time, including running `make delete-old` at each
2199 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2200 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2201 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2202 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2204 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
2205 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
2206 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
2207 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
2208 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
2209 should write them with this in mind.
2213 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2216 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2217 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2219 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2221 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the
2222 freebsd-boot partition of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
2223 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i $N ada0"
2224 The value $N will typically be 1 (if booting from BIOS) or 2 (if
2227 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2231 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2232 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2233 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2235 make kernel-toolchain
2236 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2237 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2239 To test a kernel once
2240 ---------------------
2241 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2242 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2243 debugging information) run
2244 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2245 nextboot -k testkernel
2247 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2248 -----------------------------------------------------------
2249 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2250 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2252 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2254 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2255 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2257 <reboot in single user> [3]
2264 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2265 --------------------------------------------------
2266 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2267 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2268 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2271 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2274 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2275 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2276 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2277 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2278 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2279 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2280 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2281 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2282 <reboot into current>
2283 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2284 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2288 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2289 ----------------------------------------------
2290 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2292 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2293 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2295 <reboot in single user> [3]
2302 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2303 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2304 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2305 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2306 the UPDATING entries.
2308 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2309 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2310 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2311 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2312 much fewer pitfalls.
2314 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you should disable
2315 them at this point so they don't crash your system on
2316 reboot. Alternatively, you should rebuild all the modules you have in
2317 your system and install them as well. If you are running -current, you
2318 should seriously consider placing all sources to all the modules for
2319 your system (or symlinks to them) in /usr/local/sys/modules so this
2320 happens automatically. If all your modules come from ports, then adding
2321 the port origin directories to PORTS_MODULES instead is also automatic
2323 PORTS_MODULES+=x11/nvidia-driver
2325 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2329 sh /etc/rc.d/zfs start # mount zfs filesystem, if needed
2330 cd src # full path to source
2331 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2332 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that you boot
2333 into single user mode to do the installworld.
2335 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2336 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2337 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2338 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2339 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2340 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2341 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2343 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2344 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2345 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2346 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2347 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2348 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2350 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2351 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2352 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2354 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by an
2355 installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new kernel's
2356 configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n> option for
2357 existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x binaries). Failure
2358 to do so may leave you with a system that is hard to boot to recover. A
2359 GENERIC kernel will include suitable compatibility options to run
2360 binaries from older branches. Note that the ability to run binaries
2361 from unsupported branches is not guaranteed.
2363 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2364 last time you updated your kernel config file. Options also
2365 change over time, so you may need to adjust your custom kernels
2368 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2369 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2370 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2372 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2373 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2374 warn if it is improperly defined.
2377 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2378 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2379 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2380 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2381 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2383 Copyright information:
2385 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh <imp@FreeBSD.org>
2387 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2388 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2389 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2391 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2392 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2393 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2394 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2395 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2396 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2397 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2398 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2399 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2400 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2401 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2403 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of
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