1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
20 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
21 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
22 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
26 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
27 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
28 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
29 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
30 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
33 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
34 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
35 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
37 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
38 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
41 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
42 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
43 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
47 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
48 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
49 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
52 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
53 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
55 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
56 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
57 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
58 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
61 lint(1) binaries and library are no longer built by default. To
62 enable building them, define WITH_LINT in src.conf. If you are using
63 a FreeBSD 12 or later system to build 11-stable, you may need to
64 install a lint(1) binary to use WITH_LINT.
67 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
68 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
69 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
70 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
71 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
74 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
75 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
76 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
79 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
80 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322806,
81 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
82 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
83 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
84 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
85 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
86 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
87 forground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
88 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
89 to which you should answer yes.
92 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
93 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
94 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
95 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
98 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
99 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
101 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
102 via one of the following methods:
103 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
104 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
105 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
106 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
108 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
111 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
112 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
113 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
114 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
118 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
119 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
120 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
123 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
124 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
125 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
126 This allows keep state to specified without forcing keep frags
127 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
128 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
129 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
132 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
133 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
134 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
137 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
138 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
139 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
143 Many changes in the IPsec code have been merged from the FreeBSD-CURRENT
144 branch. The IPSEC_FILTERTUNNEL kernel option is removed in favour of
145 corresponding sysctl. The IPSEC_NAT_T kernel option is also removed,
146 and now NAT-T is supported by default. Security associations now use
147 the single namespace for SPI allocation, so if you use several manually
148 configured security associations with the same SPI, this configuration
152 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
153 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
154 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
157 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
158 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
159 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
162 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
163 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
164 that link against it need to be recompiled.
167 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
168 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
169 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
170 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
173 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
174 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
175 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
176 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
179 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
180 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
181 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
182 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
183 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
184 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
188 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
189 This will effect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
190 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
191 previously contained a line like
192 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
193 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
194 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
198 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
199 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
200 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
201 built with the old headers.
204 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
205 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
206 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
207 installing a new libc.
210 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
211 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
212 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
213 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
214 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
215 packages will be needed.
217 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
218 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
219 and the install steps.
222 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
223 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
224 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
225 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
226 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
227 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
230 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
231 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
232 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
233 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
234 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
236 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
237 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
238 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
239 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
240 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
242 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
243 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
244 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
245 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
246 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
247 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
250 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
251 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
252 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
253 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
257 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
258 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
259 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
262 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
263 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
266 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
267 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
268 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
269 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
270 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
271 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
272 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
276 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
277 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
278 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
282 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
283 make -C sys/boot install
284 <reboot in single user>
286 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
290 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
291 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
292 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
295 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
296 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
297 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
298 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
299 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
300 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
303 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
304 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
305 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
306 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
307 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
310 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
311 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
312 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
313 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
314 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
317 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
318 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
321 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
322 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
323 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
326 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
327 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
328 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
332 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
333 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
334 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
335 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
336 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
337 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
340 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
341 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
342 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
343 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
347 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
348 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
349 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
352 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
353 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
354 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
356 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
357 collation results will be different.
359 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
360 locales before running make installworld.
362 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
365 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
366 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
369 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
370 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
371 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
374 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
375 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
376 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
377 and 'make -N' will not.
380 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
381 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
382 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
383 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
384 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
385 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
386 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
387 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
390 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
391 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
392 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
393 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
396 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
397 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
398 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
401 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
402 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
403 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
404 userland debug files.
406 When using the supported kernel installation method the
407 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
408 as is done with /boot/kernel.
410 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
411 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
414 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
415 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
416 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
417 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
418 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
419 rc.d scripts in /etc.
422 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
423 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
424 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
427 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
428 them, the kernel must have
431 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
433 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
434 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
435 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
436 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
438 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
439 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
442 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
443 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
444 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
447 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
448 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
449 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
450 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
452 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
453 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
454 difference with this change.
456 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
457 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
458 remove that workaround.
461 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
462 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
463 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
466 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
469 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
470 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
471 loader.rc.local instead.
474 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
475 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
476 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
479 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
480 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
481 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
483 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
484 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
487 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
488 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
489 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
490 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
491 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
492 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
493 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
494 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
495 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
496 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
497 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
498 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
501 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
502 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
504 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
505 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
506 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
508 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
509 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
511 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
512 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
513 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
515 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
516 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
517 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
518 and it is assumed you know what you need.
520 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
521 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
522 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
523 behaviour from your security subsystems.
525 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
526 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
527 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
528 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
529 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
530 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
531 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
532 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
536 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
537 entry below has been been committed in revision 284717.
540 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
541 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
544 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
545 below has been been committed in revision 284436. The work
546 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
547 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
548 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
551 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
552 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
553 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
554 with Kyuafile and kyua.
557 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
558 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
559 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
560 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
561 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
562 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
563 2048 bit DH parameter by:
565 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
566 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
567 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
569 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
570 a file path, create a new file with:
571 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
572 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
573 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
575 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
577 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
581 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
582 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
583 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
584 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
587 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
590 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
591 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
592 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
595 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
596 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
599 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
600 same but content is different now
601 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
602 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
603 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
604 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
605 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
608 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
609 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
610 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
613 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
614 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
617 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
618 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
621 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
622 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
623 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
626 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
627 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
628 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
629 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
632 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
633 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
634 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
637 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
638 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
639 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
640 kernel before rebooting.
643 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
644 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
645 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
646 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
647 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
648 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
651 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
652 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
656 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
657 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
658 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
661 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
662 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
663 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
664 are not already using 3.5.0.
667 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
668 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
669 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
670 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
671 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
674 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
675 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
676 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
677 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
680 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
681 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
684 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
686 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
687 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
688 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
689 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
690 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
691 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
694 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
695 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
698 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
699 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
700 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
701 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
703 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
704 the instructions for 9.x above.
706 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
707 default, and do not build clang.
709 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
710 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
711 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
713 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
714 the following are most likely to appear:
718 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
719 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
720 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
721 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
722 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
723 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
724 cast, or disable the warning.
726 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
727 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
728 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
729 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
732 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
733 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
735 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
736 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
737 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
738 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
740 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
741 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
742 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
743 unreachable could be optimized away.
746 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
747 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
748 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
749 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
750 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
751 the utilities will report errors.
754 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
755 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
756 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
757 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
758 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
762 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
763 has been obsolete for a very long time.
766 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
767 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
768 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
771 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
772 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
773 indicate what you need to do.
775 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
776 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
777 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
779 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
780 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
784 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
785 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
789 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
790 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
794 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
798 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
799 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
800 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
801 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
802 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
803 their next update cycle.
806 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
807 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
808 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
809 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
813 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
814 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
817 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
818 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
819 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
820 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
821 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
825 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
826 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
828 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
831 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
832 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
833 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
834 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
838 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
839 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
843 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
844 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
845 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
846 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
847 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
850 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
851 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
852 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
855 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
856 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
857 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
860 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
861 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
862 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
863 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
864 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
865 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
866 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
869 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
870 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
871 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
874 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
875 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
876 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
877 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
878 be removed during a clean upgrade.
881 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
884 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
885 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
889 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
890 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
891 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
892 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
893 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
894 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
895 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
896 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
897 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
898 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
899 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
900 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
902 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
903 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
904 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
908 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
909 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
912 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
913 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
914 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
915 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
916 build hosts for older releases.
918 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
919 r276991, respectively.
922 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
923 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
924 will silently lack HESIOD.
927 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
928 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
929 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
930 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
931 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
932 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
933 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
934 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
935 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
936 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
937 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
938 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
941 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
942 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
943 with command line option -W.
946 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
947 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
948 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
949 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
950 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
953 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
956 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
957 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
960 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
961 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
962 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
963 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
964 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
967 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
968 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
969 kernel is still highly recommended.
972 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
973 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
974 capability mode support in kernel.
977 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
978 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
979 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
980 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
981 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
984 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
985 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
986 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
987 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
988 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
989 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
992 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
993 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
994 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
995 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
996 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
997 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
998 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
999 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1000 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1003 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1004 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1005 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1006 should change your settings to use the latter.
1009 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1010 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1011 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1012 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1013 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1016 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1017 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1018 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1020 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1022 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1025 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1029 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
1030 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
1031 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
1032 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
1033 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
1034 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
1036 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
1037 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
1038 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
1039 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
1040 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
1041 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
1043 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
1044 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
1048 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
1049 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
1050 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
1051 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
1053 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
1054 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
1055 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
1056 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
1059 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
1060 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1061 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1064 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
1065 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
1066 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
1067 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
1070 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
1071 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
1072 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
1073 options in src.conf.
1076 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
1077 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
1078 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
1082 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
1083 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
1084 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
1085 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
1086 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
1087 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
1090 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
1091 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
1092 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
1095 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
1096 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
1097 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
1100 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
1101 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
1102 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
1103 compatibility. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
1104 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
1105 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
1108 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
1109 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
1110 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
1112 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
1113 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
1114 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
1115 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
1116 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
1119 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
1120 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
1121 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
1122 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
1123 to r253970 or later.
1126 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
1127 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
1128 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
1131 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
1133 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
1134 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
1135 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
1136 old as well as the new version of find.
1139 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
1140 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
1141 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
1142 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
1143 subdirectories must be reviewed.
1146 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
1147 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
1148 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1150 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
1152 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
1153 users are advised to upgrade.
1156 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
1157 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
1160 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
1161 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
1162 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
1165 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
1166 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
1167 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
1168 write access to that file.
1171 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
1172 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
1175 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
1177 make: illegal option -- J
1178 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
1180 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
1182 this likely due to an old instance of make in
1183 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
1184 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
1185 you see the above error:
1187 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
1192 Use bmake by default.
1193 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
1194 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
1195 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
1197 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
1198 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
1199 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
1200 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
1201 behavior in parallel build.
1204 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
1207 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
1208 the IDEA patent expired.
1211 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
1212 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
1216 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
1217 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
1218 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
1219 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
1220 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
1221 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
1222 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
1226 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
1227 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
1228 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
1229 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
1233 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
1234 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
1235 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
1236 binaries will not work on older kernels.
1239 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
1240 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
1243 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
1244 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
1245 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
1246 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
1249 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
1250 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
1251 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
1252 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
1253 in /boot/loader.conf.
1256 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
1257 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
1258 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
1259 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
1260 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
1263 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
1264 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
1266 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1267 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1270 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
1271 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
1272 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
1273 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
1274 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
1277 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
1278 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
1279 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
1280 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
1281 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
1285 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
1286 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
1287 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
1288 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
1289 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
1290 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
1291 use is expected to be extremely rare.
1294 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
1295 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
1296 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
1299 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
1300 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
1301 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
1305 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
1306 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
1307 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
1312 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
1313 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
1314 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1317 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
1318 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
1319 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
1320 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
1321 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
1322 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
1325 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
1326 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
1327 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
1328 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
1329 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
1330 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
1331 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
1335 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
1336 functionality now turned on by default.
1339 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
1340 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
1341 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
1342 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
1343 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
1344 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
1345 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
1346 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
1347 of the two kernel options.
1350 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
1351 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
1352 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
1353 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
1356 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
1357 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
1361 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
1362 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
1363 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
1366 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
1367 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
1368 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
1369 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
1370 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
1373 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
1374 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
1375 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
1376 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
1379 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
1382 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
1383 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
1384 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
1388 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
1389 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
1393 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
1394 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
1395 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
1398 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
1399 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
1400 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
1401 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
1402 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
1406 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
1407 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
1410 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
1411 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
1412 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
1413 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
1417 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
1418 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
1419 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
1422 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
1423 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
1424 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
1427 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
1428 with other variables:
1429 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
1430 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
1433 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
1434 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
1435 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
1436 installed as "bsdsort".
1439 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
1440 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
1441 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
1442 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
1443 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
1444 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
1445 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
1446 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
1447 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
1450 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
1451 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
1452 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
1453 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
1454 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
1455 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
1459 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
1460 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
1461 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
1462 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
1463 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
1464 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
1465 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
1468 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
1472 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
1473 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
1474 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
1475 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
1476 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
1477 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
1480 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
1481 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
1482 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
1483 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
1484 comes from 20111215.
1487 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
1488 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
1489 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
1490 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
1492 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
1493 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
1496 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
1497 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
1498 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
1500 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
1503 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
1504 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
1505 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
1506 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
1507 not supported anymore.
1509 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
1510 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
1511 need to be recompiled.
1514 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
1518 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
1519 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
1520 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
1524 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
1525 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
1528 sysinstall has been removed
1531 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1532 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
1538 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1539 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1540 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1541 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1542 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1543 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1544 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1546 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1547 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1548 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1549 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1550 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1552 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1553 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1554 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1555 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
1556 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1558 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1559 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1560 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1561 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1563 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1564 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1565 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1566 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1567 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1568 should write them with this in mind.
1572 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1575 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1576 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1578 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1580 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1581 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1582 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1584 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1588 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1589 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1590 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1592 make kernel-toolchain
1593 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1594 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1596 To test a kernel once
1597 ---------------------
1598 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1599 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1600 debugging information) run
1601 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1602 nextboot -k testkernel
1604 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1605 --------------------------------------------------------------
1606 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
1607 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1608 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1610 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1611 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1612 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1617 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1619 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1620 -----------------------------------------------------------
1621 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1622 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1624 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1626 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1628 <reboot in single user> [3]
1635 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1636 --------------------------------------------------
1637 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1638 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1639 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1642 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1645 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1646 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1647 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1648 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
1649 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1650 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1651 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1652 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1653 <reboot into current>
1654 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1655 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1659 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
1660 ----------------------------------------------
1661 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1663 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1665 <reboot in single user> [3]
1672 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1673 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1674 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1675 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1676 the UPDATING entries.
1678 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1679 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1680 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1681 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1682 much fewer pitfalls.
1684 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1685 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1688 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1693 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1694 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1695 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1697 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1698 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1699 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1700 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1701 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1702 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
1703 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1705 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1706 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1707 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1708 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1709 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1710 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
1712 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1713 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1714 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1716 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1717 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1718 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1719 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1720 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
1721 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1723 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1724 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1726 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1727 cvs prune empty directories.
1729 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1730 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1731 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1733 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1734 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1735 warn if it is improperly defined.
1738 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1739 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1740 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
1741 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1742 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1744 Copyright information:
1746 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1748 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1749 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1750 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1752 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1753 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1754 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1755 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1756 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1757 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1758 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1759 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1760 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1761 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1762 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1764 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of