1 Updating Information for FreeBSD stable/12 users.
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG and WITH_GCC to bootstrap to
16 the tip of head, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process
17 from older version of current across the gcc/clang cutover is a bit fragile.
19 20210526: p7 FreeBSD-EN-21:11.aesni
22 FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius
24 Race condition in aesni(4) encrypt-then-auth operations [FreeBSD-EN-21:11.aesni]
26 pms(4) data corruption [FreeBSD-EN-21:14.pms]
28 SMAP bypass [FreeBSD-SA-21:11.smap]
30 Missing message validation in libradius(3) [FreeBSD-SA-21:12.libradius]
32 20210406: p6 FreeBSD-EN-21:09.pf
35 FreeBSD-SA-21:09.accept_filter
36 FreeBSD-SA-21:10.jail_mount
38 net.pf.request_maxcount not settable from loader.conf(5) [EN-21:09.pf]
40 lldb abort on print command [EN-21:10.lldb]
42 Memory disclosure by stale virtual memory mapping [SA-21:08.vm]
44 Double free in accept_filter(9) socket configuration interface [SA-21:09.accept_filter]
46 Jail escape possible by mounting over jail root [SA-21:10.jail_mount]
48 20210325: p5 FreeBSD-SA-21:07.openssl
50 Fix multiple OpenSSL issues [SA-21:07.openssl]
52 20210223: p4 FreeBSD-SA-21:03.pam_login_access
53 FreeBSD-SA-21:04.jail_remove
54 FreeBSD-SA-21:05.jail_chdir
56 FreeBSD-EN-21:06.microcode
57 FreeBSD-EN-21:07.caroot
58 FreeBSD-EN-21:08.freebsd-update
60 login.access fails to apply rules [SA-21:03.pam_login_access]
62 jail_remove(2) fails to kill all jailed processes [SA-21:04.jail_remove]
64 jail_attach(2) relies on the caller to change the cwd [SA-21:05.jail_chdir]
66 Xen grant mapping error handling issues [SA-21:06.xen]
68 Boot-time microcode loading causes a boot hang [EN-21:06.microcode]
70 Root certificate bundle update [EN-21:07.caroot]
72 freebsd-update passwd regeneration [EN-21:08.freebsd-update]
74 20210128: p3 FreeBSD-EN-21:01.tzdata
77 FreeBSD-SA-21:01.fsdisclosure
78 FreeBSD-SA-21:02.xenoom
80 Update timezone database information [EN-21:01.tzdata]
82 Panic when destroying VNET and epair simultaneously [EN-21:03.vnet]
84 zfs recv fails to propagate snapshot deletion [EN-21:04.zfs]
86 Uninitialized file system kernel stack leaks [SA-21:01.fsdisclosure]
88 Xen guest-triggered out of memory [SA-21:02.xenoom]
90 20201208: p2 FreeBSD-SA-20:33.openssl
92 Fix OpenSSL NULL pointer de-reference. [SA-20:33.openssl]
94 20201201: p1 FreeBSD-EN-20:19.audit
95 FreeBSD-EN-20:20.tzdata
97 FreeBSD-EN-20:22.callout
98 FreeBSD-SA-20:31.icmp6
99 FreeBSD-SA-20:32.rtsold
101 Fix execve/fexecve system call auditing. [EN-20:19.audit]
103 Update timezone database information. [EN-20:20.tzdata]
105 Fix uninitialized variable in ipfw. [EN-20:21.ipfw]
107 Fix race condition in callout CPU migration. [EN-20:22.callout]
109 Fix ICMPv6 use-after-free in error message handling. [SA-20:31.icmp6]
111 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in rtsold. [SA-20:32.rtsold]
116 20200915: p1 FreeBSD-SA-20:27.ure
117 FreeBSD-SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs
118 FreeBSD-SA-20:29.bhyve_svm
119 FreeBSD-SA-20:30.ftpd
121 Fix ure device driver susceptible to packet-in-packet attack.
124 Fix bhyve privilege escalation via VMCS access. [SA-20:28.bhyve_vmcs]
126 Fix bhyve SVM guest escape. [SA-20:29.bhyve_svm]
128 Fix ftpd privilege escalation via ftpchroot. [SA-20:30.ftpd]
131 The make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION variable, used for disabling and
132 enabling assertions and statistics gathering in malloc(3), has been
133 migrated to a src.conf(5) WITH/WITHOUT_MALLOC_PRODUCTION option.
135 On stable branches, WITH_MALLOC_PRODUCTION is set by default, which
136 means that malloc(3) has assertions and statistics gathering disabled,
137 for improved performance.
139 For backwards compatibility, the make.conf(5) MALLOC_PRODUCTION is still
140 honored, but it is now deprecated and undocumented.
143 The resume code now notifies devd with the 'kernel' system
144 rather than the old 'kern' subsystem to be consistent with
145 other use. The old notification will be created as well, but
146 will be removed prior to FreeBSD 14.0.
149 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
150 been upgraded to 10.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
151 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
152 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
155 read(2) of a directory fd is now rejected by default. root may
156 re-enable it for the entire system with the
157 security.bsd.allow_read_dir sysctl(8) MIB.
159 It may be advised to setup aliases for grep to default to `-d skip` if
160 commonly non-recursively grepping a list that includes directories and
161 the potential for the resulting stderr output is not tolerable. Example
162 aliases are now installed, commented out, in /root/.cshrc.
165 Upstream DTS from Linux 5.6 was merged and they now have the SID
166 and THS (Secure ID controller and THermal Sensor) node present.
167 The DTB overlays have now been removed from the tree for the H3/H5 and
168 A64 SoCs and the aw_sid and aw_thermal driver have been updated to
169 deal with upstream DTS. If you are using those overlays you need to
170 remove them from loader.conf and update the DTBs on the FAT partition.
173 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
174 been upgraded to 10.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
175 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
176 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
179 The root certificates of the Mozilla CA Certificate Store have been
180 imported into the base system and can be managed with the certctl(8)
181 utility. If you have installed the security/ca_root_nss port or package
182 with the ETCSYMLINK option (the default), be advised that there may be
183 differences between those included in the port and those included in
184 base due to differences in nss branch used as well as general update
185 frequency. Note also that certctl(8) cannot manage certs in the
186 format used by the security/ca_root_nss port.
189 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
190 been upgraded to 9.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
191 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
192 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
195 The nctgpio and wbwd drivers have been moved to the superio bus.
196 If you have one of these drivers in a kernel configuration, then
197 you should add device superio to it. If you use one of these drivers
198 as a module and you compile a custom set of modules, then you should
199 add superio to the set.
202 The tap(4) driver has been folded into tun(4), and the module has been
203 renamed to tuntap. You should update any kld_list="if_tap" or
204 kld_list="if_tun" entries in /etc/rc.conf, if_tap_load="YES" or
205 if_tun_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf to load the if_tuntap
206 module instead, and "device tap" or "device tun" entries in kernel
207 config files to select the tuntap device instead.
210 ntpd no longer by default locks its pages in memory, allowing them
211 to be paged out by the kernel. Use rlimit memlock to restore
212 historic BSD behaviour. For example, add "rlimit memlock 32"
213 to ntp.conf to lock up to 32 MB of ntpd address space in memory.
216 The vfs.fusefs.sync_unmount and vfs.fusefs.init_backgrounded sysctls
217 and the "-o sync_unmount" and "-o init_backgrounded" mount options have
218 been removed from mount_fusefs(8). You can safely remove them from
219 your scripts, because they had no effect.
221 The vfs.fusefs.fix_broken_io, vfs.fusefs.sync_resize,
222 vfs.fusefs.refresh_size, vfs.fusefs.mmap_enable,
223 vfs.fusefs.reclaim_revoked, and vfs.fusefs.data_cache_invalidate
224 sysctls have been removed. If you felt the need to set any of them to
225 a non-default value, please tell asomers@FreeBSD.org why.
228 The fuse(4) module has been renamed to fusefs(4) for consistency with
229 other filesystems. You should update any kld_load="fuse" entries in
230 /etc/rc.conf, fuse_load="YES" entries in /boot/loader.conf, and
231 "options FUSE" enties in kernel config files.
234 Default permissions on the /var/account/acct file (and copies of it
235 rotated by periodic daily scripts) are changed from 0644 to 0640
236 because the file contains sensitive information that should not be
237 world-readable. If the /var/account directory must be created by
238 rc.d/accounting, the mode used is now 0750. Admins who use the
239 accounting feature are encouraged to change the mode of an existing
240 /var/account directory to 0750 or 0700.
243 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt, libc++, libunwind and openmp have
244 been upgraded to 8.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for
245 information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already
246 using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
249 Now Clang 8 has been merged (see the 20190412 entry below), the ifunc
250 functionality needed for the RETPOLINE option should work properly
251 again. The RETPOLINE option has been removed from BROKEN_OPTIONS.
254 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
255 8.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
256 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
260 The RETPOLINE option produces non-functional ifunc-using binaries
261 with Clang 7.0.1, and has been forced off (via BROKEN_OPTIONS).
262 Once Clang 8 is merged it may be enabled again.
265 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
266 7.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
267 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
271 geom_uzip(4) depends on the new module xz. If geom_uzip is statically
272 compiled into your custom kernel, add 'device xz' statement to the
276 Iflib is no longer unconditionally compiled into the kernel. Drivers
277 using iflib and statically compiled into the kernel, now require
278 the 'device iflib' config option. For the same drivers loaded as
279 modules on kernels not having 'device iflib', the iflib.ko module
280 is loaded automatically.
283 r342561 modifies the NFSv4 server so that it obeys vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport
284 in the same as it is applied to NFSv2 and 3. This implies that NFSv4
285 servers that have vfs.nfsd.nfs_privport set will only allow mounts
286 from clients using a reserved port#. Since both the FreeBSD and Linux
287 NFSv4 clients use reserved port#s by default, this should not affect
291 On amd64, arm64 and armv7 (architectures that install LLVM's ld.lld
292 linker as /usr/bin/ld) GNU ld is no longer installed as ld.bfd, as
293 it produces broken binaries when ifuncs are in use. Users needing
294 GNU ld should install the binutils port or package.
297 The set of CTM commands (ctm, ctm_smail, ctm_rmail, ctm_dequeue)
298 has been converted to a port (misc/ctm) and will be removed from
299 FreeBSD-13. A depreciation warning will be printed to stderr by
300 the ctm command, but the functionality will remain in base for all
304 The stable/12 branch has been created in subversion from head
308 Ports for the DRM modules have been simplified. Now, amd64 users should
309 just install the drm-kmod port. All others should install
312 Graphics hardware that's newer than about 2010 usually works with
313 drm-kmod. For hardware older than 2013, however, some users will need
314 to use drm-legacy-kmod if drm-kmod doesn't work for them. Hardware older
315 than 2008 usually only works in drm-legacy-kmod. The graphics team can
316 only commit to hardware made since 2013 due to the complexity of the
317 market and difficulty to test all the older cards effectively. If you
318 have hardware supported by drm-kmod, you are strongly encouraged to use
319 that as you will get better support.
321 Other than KPI chasing, drm-legacy-kmod will not be updated. As outlined
322 elsewhere, the drm and drm2 modules will be eliminated from the src base
323 soon (with a limited exception for arm). Please update to the package asap
324 and report any issues to x11@freebsd.org.
326 Generally, anybody using the drm*-kmod packages should add
327 WITHOUT_DRM_MODULE=t and WITHOUT_DRM2_MODULE=t to avoid nasty
328 cross-threading surprises, especially with automatic driver
329 loading from X11 startup. These will become the defaults in 13-current
333 The ixlv(4) driver has been renamed to iavf(4). As a consequence,
334 custom kernel and module loading configuration files must be updated
335 accordingly. Moreover, interfaces previous presented as ixlvN to the
336 system are now exposed as iavfN and network configuration files must
337 be adjusted as necessary.
340 OpenSSL has been updated to version 1.1.1. This update included
341 additional various API changes througout the base system. It is
342 important to rebuild third-party software after upgrading. The value
343 of __FreeBSD_version has been bumped accordingly.
346 The legacy DRM modules and drivers have now been added to the loader's
347 module blacklist, in favor of loading them with kld_list in rc.conf(5).
348 The module blacklist may be overridden with the loader.conf(5)
349 'module_blacklist' variable, but loading them via rc.conf(5) is strongly
353 The cam(4) based nda(4) driver will be used over nvd(4) by default on
354 powerpc64. You may set 'options NVME_USE_NVD=1' in your kernel conf or
355 loader tunable 'hw.nvme.use_nvd=1' if you wish to use the existing
356 driver. Make sure to edit /boot/etc/kboot.conf and fstab to use the
360 Reproducible build mode is now on by default, in preparation for
361 FreeBSD 12.0. This eliminates build metadata such as the user,
362 host, and time from the kernel (and uname), unless the working tree
363 corresponds to a modified checkout from a version control system.
364 The previous behavior can be obtained by setting the /etc/src.conf
365 knob WITHOUT_REPRODUCIBLE_BUILD.
368 The Yarrow CSPRNG has been removed from the kernel as it has not been
369 supported by its designers since at least 2003. Fortuna has been the
370 default since FreeBSD-11.
373 devctl freeze/thaw have gone into the tree, the rc scripts have been
374 updated to use them and devmatch has been changed. You should update
375 kernel, userland and rc scripts all at the same time.
378 The default interpreter has been switched from 4th to Lua.
379 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP, documented in build(7), will override the default
380 interpreter. If you have custom FORTH code you will need to set
381 LOADER_DEFAULT_INTERP=4th (valid values are 4th, lua or simp) in
382 src.conf for the build. This will create default hard links between
383 loader and loader_4th instead of loader and loader_lua, the new default.
384 If you are using UEFI it will create the proper hard link to loader.efi.
386 bhyve uses userboot.so. It remains 4th-only until some issues are solved
387 regarding coexisting with multiple versions of FreeBSD are resolved.
390 ls(1) now respects the COLORTERM environment variable used in other
391 systems and software to indicate that a colored terminal is both
392 supported and desired. If ls(1) is suddenly emitting colors, they may
393 be disabled again by either removing the unwanted COLORTERM from your
394 environment, or using `ls --color=never`. The ls(1) specific CLICOLOR
395 may not be observed in a future release.
398 The default pager for most commands has been changed to "less". To
399 restore the old behavior, set PAGER="more" and MANPAGER="more -s" in
403 The jedec_ts(4) driver has been removed. A superset of its functionality
404 is available in the jedec_dimm(4) driver, and the manpage for that
405 driver includes migration instructions. If you have "device jedec_ts"
406 in your kernel configuration file, it must be removed.
409 amd64/GENERIC now has EFI runtime services, EFIRT, enabled by default.
410 This should have no effect if the kernel is booted via BIOS/legacy boot.
411 EFIRT may be disabled via a loader tunable, efi.rt.disabled, if a system
412 has a buggy firmware that prevents a successful boot due to use of
416 Atmel AT91RM9200 and AT91SAM9, Cavium CNS 11xx and XScale
417 support has been removed from the tree. These ports were
418 obsolete and/or known to be broken for many years.
421 loader.efi has been augmented to participate more fully in the
422 UEFI boot manager protocol. loader.efi will now look at the
423 BootXXXX environment variable to determine if a specific kernel
424 or root partition was specified. XXXX is derived from BootCurrent.
425 efibootmgr(8) manages these standard UEFI variables.
428 zfsloader's functionality has now been folded into loader.
429 zfsloader is no longer necessary once you've updated your
430 boot blocks. For a transition period, we will install a
431 hardlink for zfsloader to loader to allow a smooth transition
432 until the boot blocks can be updated (hard link because old
433 zfs boot blocks don't understand symlinks).
436 ARM64 now have efifb support, if you want to have serial console
437 on your arm64 board when an screen is connected and the bootloader
438 setup a frambuffer for us to use, just add :
442 For Raspberry Pi 3 (RPI) users, this is needed even if you don't have
443 an screen connected as the firmware will setup a framebuffer are that
444 u-boot will expose as an EFI framebuffer.
447 New uid:gid added, ntpd:ntpd (123:123). Be sure to run mergemaster
448 or take steps to update /etc/passwd before doing installworld on
449 existing systems. Do not skip the "mergemaster -Fp" step before
450 installworld, as described in the update procedures near the bottom
451 of this document. Also, rc.d/ntpd now starts ntpd(8) as user ntpd
452 if the new mac_ntpd(4) policy is available, unless ntpd_flags or
453 the ntp config file contain options that change file/dir locations.
454 When such options (e.g., "statsdir" or "crypto") are used, ntpd can
455 still be run as non-root by setting ntpd_user=ntpd in rc.conf, after
456 taking steps to ensure that all required files/dirs are accessible
460 Big endian arm support has been removed.
463 The static environment setup in kernel configs is no longer mutually
464 exclusive with the loader(8) environment by default. In order to
465 restore the previous default behavior of disabling the loader(8)
466 environment if a static environment is present, you must specify
467 loader_env.disabled=1 in the static environment.
470 The ABI of syscalls used by management tools like sockstat and
471 netstat has been broken to allow 32-bit binaries to work on
472 64-bit kernels without modification. These programs will need
473 to match the kernel in order to function. External programs may
474 require minor modifications to accommodate a change of type in
475 structures from pointers to 64-bit virtual addresses.
478 On i386 and amd64 atomics are now inlined. Out of tree modules using
479 atomics will need to be rebuilt.
482 The '%I' format in the kern.corefile sysctl limits the number of
483 core files that a process can generate to the number stored in the
484 debug.ncores sysctl. The '%I' format is replaced by the single digit
485 index. Previously, if all indexes were taken the kernel would overwrite
486 only a core file with the highest index in a filename.
487 Currently the system will create a new core file if there is a free
488 index or if all slots are taken it will overwrite the oldest one.
491 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
492 6.0.1. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
493 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
497 r335753 introduced a new quoting method. However, etc/devd/devmatch.conf
498 needed to be changed to work with it. This change was made with r335763
499 and requires a mergemaster / etcupdate / etc to update the installed file.
502 r334930 changed the interface between the NFS modules, so they all
503 need to be rebuilt. r335018 did a __FreeBSD_version bump for this.
506 As of r334391 lld is the default amd64 system linker; it is installed
507 as /usr/bin/ld. Kernel build workarounds (see 20180510 entry) are no
511 The kernel / userland interface for devinfo changed, so you'll
512 need a new kernel and userland as a pair for it to work (rebuilding
513 lib/libdevinfo is all that's required). devinfo and devmatch will
514 not work, but everything else will when there's a mismatch.
517 The on-disk format for hwpmc callchain records has changed to include
518 threadid corresponding to a given record. This changes the field offsets
519 and thus requires that libpmcstat be rebuilt before using a kernel
523 The vxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was introduced into
524 HEAD one week before the Exar left the Ethernet market and is not
525 known to be used. If you have device vxge in your kernel config file
529 The amd64 kernel now requires a ld that supports ifunc to produce a
530 working kernel, either lld or a newer binutils. lld is built by default
531 on amd64, and the 'buildkernel' target uses it automatically. However,
532 it is not the default linker, so building the kernel the traditional
533 way requires LD=ld.lld on the command line (or LD=/usr/local/bin/ld for
534 binutils port/package). lld will soon be default, and this requirement
537 NOTE: As of r334391 lld is the default system linker on amd64, and no
538 workaround is necessary.
541 The nxge(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for PCI-X 10g
542 cards made by s2io/Neterion. The company was aquired by Exar and
543 no longer sells or supports Ethernet products. If you have device
544 nxge in your kernel config file it must be removed.
547 The tz database (tzdb) has been updated to 2018e. This version more
548 correctly models time stamps in time zones with negative DST such as
549 Europe/Dublin (from 1971 on), Europe/Prague (1946/7), and
550 Africa/Windhoek (1994/2017). This does not affect the UT offsets, only
551 time zone abbreviations and the tm_isdst flag.
554 The ixgb(4) driver has been removed. This driver was for an early and
555 uncommon legacy PCI 10GbE for a single ASIC, Intel 82597EX. Intel
556 quickly shifted to the long lived ixgbe family. If you have device
557 ixgb in your kernel config file it must be removed.
560 The lmc(4) driver has been removed. This was a WAN interface
561 card that was already reportedly rare in 2003, and had an ambiguous
562 license. If you have device lmc in your kernel config file it must
566 Support for Arcnet networks has been removed. If you have device
567 arcnet or device cm in your kernel config file they must be
571 Support for FDDI networks has been removed. If you have device
572 fddi or device fpa in your kernel config file they must be
576 In addition to supporting RFC 3164 formatted messages, the
577 syslogd(8) service is now capable of parsing RFC 5424 formatted
578 log messages. The main benefit of using RFC 5424 is that clients
579 may now send log messages with timestamps containing year numbers,
580 microseconds and time zone offsets.
582 Similarly, the syslog(3) C library function has been altered to
583 send RFC 5424 formatted messages to the local system logging
584 daemon. On systems using syslogd(8), this change should have no
585 negative impact, as long as syslogd(8) and the C library are
586 updated at the same time. On systems using a different system
587 logging daemon, it may be necessary to make configuration
588 adjustments, depending on the software used.
590 When using syslog-ng, add the 'syslog-protocol' flag to local
591 input sources to enable parsing of RFC 5424 formatted messages:
594 unix-dgram("/var/run/log" flags(syslog-protocol));
597 When using rsyslog, disable the 'SysSock.UseSpecialParser' option
598 of the 'imuxsock' module to let messages be processed by the
599 regular RFC 3164/5424 parsing pipeline:
601 module(load="imuxsock" SysSock.UseSpecialParser="off")
603 Do note that these changes only affect communication between local
604 applications and syslogd(8). The format that syslogd(8) uses to
605 store messages on disk or forward messages to other systems
606 remains unchanged. syslogd(8) still uses RFC 3164 for these
607 purposes. Options to customize this behaviour will be added in the
608 future. Utilities that process log files stored in /var/log are
609 thus expected to continue to function as before.
611 __FreeBSD_version has been incremented to 1200061 to denote this
615 Support for token ring networks has been removed. If you
616 have "device token" in your kernel config you should remove
617 it. No device drivers supported token ring.
620 makefs was modified to be able to tag ISO9660 El Torito boot catalog
621 entries as EFI instead of overloading the i386 tag as done previously.
622 The amd64 mkisoimages.sh script used to build amd64 ISO images for
623 release was updated to use this. This may mean that makefs must be
624 updated before "make cdrom" can be run in the release directory. This
625 should be as simple as:
627 $ cd $SRCDIR/usr.sbin/makefs
628 $ make depend all install
631 FreeBSD boot loader enhanced with Lua scripting. It's purely opt-in for
632 now by building WITH_LOADER_LUA and WITHOUT_FORTH in /etc/src.conf.
633 Co-existance for the transition period will come shortly. Booting is a
634 complex environment and test coverage for Lua-enabled loaders has been
635 thin, so it would be prudent to assume it might not work and make
636 provisions for backup boot methods.
639 devmatch functionality has been turned on in devd. It will automatically
640 load drivers for unattached devices. This may cause unexpected drivers to
641 be loaded. Please report any problems to current@ and imp@freebsd.org.
644 Clang, llvm, lld, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to
645 6.0.0. Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about
646 prerequisites and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0
650 LLVM's lld linker is now used as the FreeBSD/amd64 bootstrap linker.
651 This means it is used to link the kernel and userland libraries and
652 executables, but is not yet installed as /usr/bin/ld by default.
654 To revert to ld.bfd as the bootstrap linker, in /etc/src.conf set
655 WITHOUT_LLD_BOOTSTRAP=yes
658 On i386, pmtimer has been removed. Its functionality has been folded
659 into apm. It was a no-op on ACPI in current for a while now (but was still
660 needed on i386 in FreeBSD 11 and earlier). Users may need to remove it
661 from kernel config files.
664 The use of RSS hash from the network card aka flowid has been
665 disabled by default for lagg(4) as it's currently incompatible with
666 the lacp and loadbalance protocols.
668 This can be re-enabled by setting the following in loader.conf:
669 net.link.lagg.default_use_flowid="1"
672 The SW_WATCHDOG option is no longer necessary to enable the
673 hardclock-based software watchdog if no hardware watchdog is
674 configured. As before, SW_WATCHDOG will cause the software
675 watchdog to be enabled even if a hardware watchdog is configured.
678 r326887 fixes the issue described in the 20171214 UPDATING entry.
679 r326888 flips the switch back to building GELI support always.
682 r362593 broke ZFS + GELI support for reasons unknown. However,
683 it also broke ZFS support generally, so GELI has been turned off
684 by default as the lesser evil in r326857. If you boot off ZFS and/or
685 GELI, it might not be a good time to update.
688 PowerPC users must update loader(8) by rebuilding world before
689 installing a new kernel, as the protocol connecting them has
690 changed. Without the update, loader metadata will not be passed
691 successfully to the kernel and users will have to enter their
692 root partition at the kernel mountroot prompt to continue booting.
693 Newer versions of loader can boot old kernels without issue.
696 The LOADER_FIREWIRE_SUPPORT build variable as been renamed to
697 WITH/OUT_LOADER_FIREWIRE. LOADER_{NO_,}GELI_SUPPORT has been renamed
698 to WITH/OUT_LOADER_GELI.
701 The naive and non-compliant support of posix_fallocate(2) in ZFS
702 has been removed as of r325320. The system call now returns EINVAL
703 when used on a ZFS file. Although the new behavior complies with the
704 standard, some consumers are not prepared to cope with it.
705 One known victim is lld prior to r325420.
708 Building in a FreeBSD src checkout will automatically create object
709 directories now rather than store files in the current directory if
710 'make obj' was not ran. Calling 'make obj' is no longer necessary.
711 This feature can be disabled by setting WITHOUT_AUTO_OBJ=yes in
712 /etc/src-env.conf (not /etc/src.conf), or passing the option in the
716 The default MAKEOBJDIR has changed from /usr/obj/<srcdir> for native
717 builds, and /usr/obj/<arch>/<srcdir> for cross-builds, to a unified
718 /usr/obj/<srcdir>/<arch>. This behavior can be changed to the old
719 format by setting WITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR=yes in /etc/src-env.conf,
720 the environment, or with -DWITHOUT_UNIFIED_OBJDIR when building.
721 The UNIFIED_OBJDIR option is a transitional feature that will be
722 removed for 12.0 release; please migrate to the new format for any
723 tools by looking up the OBJDIR used by 'make -V .OBJDIR' means rather
724 than hardcoding paths.
727 The native-xtools target no longer installs the files by default to the
728 OBJDIR. Use the native-xtools-install target with a DESTDIR to install
729 to ${DESTDIR}/${NXTP} where NXTP defaults to /nxb-bin.
732 As part of the boot loader infrastructure cleanup, LOADER_*_SUPPORT
733 options are changing from controlling the build if defined / undefined
734 to controlling the build with explicit 'yes' or 'no' values. They will
735 shift to WITH/WITHOUT options to match other options in the system.
738 libstand has turned into a private library for sys/boot use only.
739 It is no longer supported as a public interface outside of sys/boot.
742 The arm port has split armv6 into armv6 and armv7. armv7 is now
743 a valid TARGET_ARCH/MACHINE_ARCH setting. If you have an armv7 system
744 and are running a kernel from before r324363, you will need to add
745 MACHINE_ARCH=armv7 to 'make buildworld' to do a native build.
748 When building multiple kernels using KERNCONF, non-existent KERNCONF
749 files will produce an error and buildkernel will fail. Previously
750 missing KERNCONF files silently failed giving no indication as to
751 why, only to subsequently discover during installkernel that the
752 desired kernel was never built in the first place.
755 The default serial number format for CTL LUNs has changed. This will
756 affect users who use /dev/diskid/* device nodes, or whose FibreChannel
757 or iSCSI clients care about their LUNs' serial numbers. Users who
758 require serial number stability should hardcode serial numbers in
762 For 32-bit arm compiled for hard-float support, soft-floating point
763 binaries now always get their shared libraries from
764 LD_SOFT_LIBRARY_PATH (in the past, this was only used if
765 /usr/libsoft also existed). Only users with a hard-float ld.so, but
766 soft-float everything else should be affected.
769 The geli password typed at boot is now hidden. To restore the previous
770 behavior, see geli(8) for configuration options.
773 Move PMTUD blackhole counters to TCPSTATS and remove them from bare
774 sysctl values. Minor nit, but requires a rebuild of both world/kernel
778 "make check" behavior (made in ^/head@r295380) has been changed to
779 execute from a limited sandbox, as opposed to executing from
783 - The "beforecheck" and "aftercheck" targets are now specified.
784 - ${CHECKDIR} (added in commit noted above) has been removed.
785 - Legacy behavior can be enabled by setting
786 WITHOUT_MAKE_CHECK_USE_SANDBOX in src.conf(5) or the environment.
788 If the limited sandbox mode is enabled, "make check" will execute
789 "make distribution", then install, execute the tests, and clean up the
790 sandbox if successful.
792 The "make distribution" and "make install" targets are typically run as
793 root to set appropriate permissions and ownership at installation time.
794 The end-user should set "WITH_INSTALL_AS_USER" in src.conf(5) or the
795 environment if executing "make check" with limited sandbox mode using
796 an unprivileged user.
799 Since the switch to GPT disk labels, fsck for UFS/FFS has been
800 unable to automatically find alternate superblocks. As of r322297,
801 the information needed to find alternate superblocks has been
802 moved to the end of the area reserved for the boot block.
803 Filesystems created with a newfs of this vintage or later
804 will create the recovery information. If you have a filesystem
805 created prior to this change and wish to have a recovery block
806 created for your filesystem, you can do so by running fsck in
807 foreground mode (i.e., do not use the -p or -y options). As it
808 starts, fsck will ask ``SAVE DATA TO FIND ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS''
809 to which you should answer yes.
812 As of r321665, an NFSv4 server configuration that services
813 Kerberos mounts or clients that do not support the uid/gid in
814 owner/owner_group string capability, must explicitly enable
815 the nfsuserd daemon by adding nfsuserd_enable="YES" to the
816 machine's /etc/rc.conf file.
819 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 5.0.0.
820 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
821 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
824 WITHOUT_RCMDS is now the default. Set WITH_RCMDS if you need the
825 r-commands (rlogin, rsh, etc.) to be built with the base system.
828 The FreeBSD/powerpc platform now uses a 64-bit type for time_t. This is
829 a very major ABI incompatible change, so users of FreeBSD/powerpc must
830 be careful when performing source upgrades. It is best to run
831 'make installworld' from an alternate root system, either a live
832 CD/memory stick, or a temporary root partition. Additionally, all ports
833 must be recompiled. powerpc64 is largely unaffected, except in the case
834 of 32-bit compatibility. All 32-bit binaries will be affected.
837 Forward compatibility for the "ino64" project have been committed. This
838 will allow most new binaries to run on older kernels in a limited
839 fashion. This prevents many of the common foot-shooting actions in the
840 upgrade as well as the limited ability to roll back the kernel across
841 the ino64 upgrade. Complicated use cases may not work properly, though
842 enough simpler ones work to allow recovery in most situations.
845 Switch back to the BSDL dtc (Device Tree Compiler). Set WITH_GPL_DTC
846 if you require the GPL compiler.
849 The internal ABI used for communication between the NFS kernel modules
850 was changed by r320085, so __FreeBSD_version was bumped to
851 ensure all the NFS related modules are updated together.
854 The ABI of struct event was changed by extending the data
855 member to 64bit and adding ext fields. For upgrade, same
856 precautions as for the entry 20170523 "ino64" must be
860 The GNU roff toolchain has been removed from base. To render manpages
861 which are not supported by mandoc(1), man(1) can fallback on GNU roff
862 from ports (and recommends to install it).
863 To render roff(7) documents, consider using GNU roff from ports or the
864 heirloom doctools roff toolchain from ports via pkg install groff or
865 via pkg install heirloom-doctools.
868 The ath(4) and ath_hal(4) modules now build piecemeal to allow for
869 smaller runtime footprint builds. This is useful for embedded systems
870 which only require one chipset support.
872 If you load it as a module, make sure this is in /boot/loader.conf:
876 This will load the HAL, all chip/RF backends and if_ath_pci.
877 If you have if_ath_pci in /boot/loader.conf, ensure it is after
878 if_ath or it will not load any HAL chipset support.
880 If you want to selectively load things (eg on ye cheape ARM/MIPS
881 platforms where RAM is at a premium) you should:
884 * load the chip modules in question
885 * load ath_rate, ath_dfs
887 * load if_ath_pci and/or if_ath_ahb depending upon your particular
888 bus bind type - this is where probe/attach is done.
890 For further comments/feedback, poke adrian@ .
893 The "ino64" 64-bit inode project has been committed, which extends
894 a number of types to 64 bits. Upgrading in place requires care and
895 adherence to the documented upgrade procedure.
897 If using a custom kernel configuration ensure that the
898 COMPAT_FREEBSD11 option is included (as during the upgrade the
899 system will be running the ino64 kernel with the existing world).
901 For the safest in-place upgrade begin by removing previous build
902 artifacts via "rm -rf /usr/obj/*". Then, carefully follow the
903 full procedure documented below under the heading "To rebuild
904 everything and install it on the current system." Specifically,
905 a reboot is required after installing the new kernel before
909 The NATM framework including the en(4), fatm(4), hatm(4), and
910 patm(4) devices has been removed. Consumers should plan a
911 migration before the end-of-life date for FreeBSD 11.
914 GNU diff has been replaced by a BSD licensed diff. Some features of GNU
915 diff has not been implemented, if those are needed a newer version of
916 GNU diff is available via the diffutils package under the gdiff name.
919 As of r316810 for ipfilter, keep frags is no longer assumed when
920 keep state is specified in a rule. r316810 aligns ipfilter with
921 documentation in man pages separating keep frags from keep state.
922 This allows keep state to be specified without forcing keep frags
923 and allows keep frags to be specified independently of keep state.
924 To maintain previous behaviour, also specify keep frags with
925 keep state (as documented in ipf.conf.5).
928 arm64 builds now use the base system LLD 4.0.0 linker by default,
929 instead of requiring that the aarch64-binutils port or package be
930 installed. To continue using aarch64-binutils, set
931 CROSS_BINUTILS_PREFIX=/usr/local/aarch64-freebsd/bin .
934 The UDP optimization in entry 20160818 that added the sysctl
935 net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast has been reverted. L2 broadcast
936 packets will no longer be treated as L3 broadcast packets.
939 Binds and sends to the loopback addresses, IPv6 and IPv4, will now
940 use any explicitly assigned loopback address available in the jail
941 instead of using the first assigned address of the jail.
944 The ctl.ko module no longer implements the iSCSI target frontend:
945 cfiscsi.ko does instead.
947 If building cfiscsi.ko as a kernel module, the module can be loaded
948 via one of the following methods:
949 - `cfiscsi_load="YES"` in loader.conf(5).
950 - Add `cfiscsi` to `$kld_list` in rc.conf(5).
951 - ctladm(8)/ctld(8), when compiled with iSCSI support
952 (`WITH_ISCSI=yes` in src.conf(5))
954 Please see cfiscsi(4) for more details.
957 The mmcsd.ko module now additionally depends on geom_flashmap.ko.
958 Also, mmc.ko and mmcsd.ko need to be a matching pair built from the
959 same source (previously, the dependency of mmcsd.ko on mmc.ko was
960 missing, but mmcsd.ko now will refuse to load if it is incompatible
964 The syntax of ipfw(8) named states was changed to avoid ambiguity.
965 If you have used named states in the firewall rules, you need to modify
966 them after installworld and before rebooting. Now named states must
967 be prefixed with colon.
970 The old drm (sys/dev/drm/) drivers for i915 and radeon have been
971 removed as the userland we provide cannot use them. The KMS version
972 (sys/dev/drm2) supports the same hardware.
975 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 4.0.0.
976 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
977 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
980 The code that provides support for ZFS .zfs/ directory functionality
981 has been reimplemented. It's not possible now to create a snapshot
982 by mkdir under .zfs/snapshot/. That should be the only user visible
986 EISA bus support has been removed. The WITH_EISA option is no longer
990 MCA bus support has been removed.
993 The WITH_LLD_AS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_AS_LD build knobs have been renamed
994 WITH_LLD_IS_LD / WITHOUT_LLD_IS_LD, for consistency with CLANG_IS_CC.
997 The EM_MULTIQUEUE kernel configuration option is deprecated now that
998 the em(4) driver conforms to iflib specifications.
1001 The igb(4), em(4) and lem(4) ethernet drivers are now implemented via
1002 IFLIB. If you have a custom kernel configuration that excludes em(4)
1003 but you use igb(4), you need to re-add em(4) to your custom configuration.
1006 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.1.
1007 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1008 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1011 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.9.0.
1012 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1013 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1016 The layout of the pmap structure has changed for powerpc to put the pmap
1017 statistics at the front for all CPU variations. libkvm(3) and all tools
1018 that link against it need to be recompiled.
1021 isl(4) and cyapa(4) drivers now require a new driver,
1022 chromebook_platform(4), to work properly on Chromebook-class hardware.
1023 On other types of hardware the drivers may need to be configured using
1024 device hints. Please see the corresponding manual pages for details.
1027 The urtwn(4) driver was merged into rtwn(4) and now consists of
1028 rtwn(4) main module + rtwn_usb(4) and rtwn_pci(4) bus-specific
1030 Also, firmware for RTL8188CE was renamed due to possible name
1031 conflict (rtwnrtl8192cU(B) -> rtwnrtl8192cE(B))
1034 GNU rcs has been removed from base. It is available as packages:
1035 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1036 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) before it was
1040 Use of the cc_cdg, cc_chd, cc_hd, or cc_vegas congestion control
1041 modules now requires that the kernel configuration contain the
1042 TCP_HHOOK option. (This option is included in the GENERIC kernel.)
1045 The WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1046 ELF Tool Chain's elfcopy is always installed as /usr/bin/objcopy.
1049 Relocatable object files with the extension of .So have been renamed
1050 to use an extension of .pico instead. The purpose of this change is
1051 to avoid a name clash with shared libraries on case-insensitive file
1052 systems. On those file systems, foo.So is the same file as foo.so.
1055 GNU rcs has been turned off by default. It can (temporarily) be built
1056 again by adding WITH_RCS knob in src.conf.
1057 Otherwise, GNU rcs is available from packages:
1058 - rcs: Latest GPLv3 GNU rcs version.
1059 - rcs57: Copy of the latest version of GNU rcs (GPLv2) from base.
1062 The backup_uses_rcs functionality has been removed from rc.subr.
1065 The queue(3) debugging macro, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG, has been split into
1066 two separate components, QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRACE and
1067 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG_TRASH. Define both for the original
1068 QUEUE_MACRO_DEBUG behavior.
1071 r304787 changed some ioctl interfaces between the iSCSI userspace
1072 programs and the kernel. ctladm, ctld, iscsictl, and iscsid must be
1073 rebuilt to work with new kernels. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped
1077 The UDP receive code has been updated to only treat incoming UDP
1078 packets that were addressed to an L2 broadcast address as L3
1079 broadcast packets. It is not expected that this will affect any
1080 standards-conforming UDP application. The new behaviour can be
1081 disabled by setting the sysctl net.inet.udp.require_l2_bcast to
1085 Remove the openbsd_poll system call.
1086 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1089 The stable/11 branch has been created from head@r302406.
1092 The libc stub for the pipe(2) system call has been replaced with
1093 a wrapper that calls the pipe2(2) system call and the pipe(2)
1094 system call is now only implemented by the kernels that include
1095 "options COMPAT_FREEBSD10" in their config file (this is the
1096 default). Users should ensure that this option is enabled in
1097 their kernel or upgrade userspace to r302092 before upgrading their
1101 CAM will now strip leading spaces from SCSI disks' serial numbers.
1102 This will affect users who create UFS filesystems on SCSI disks using
1103 those disk's diskid device nodes. For example, if /etc/fstab
1104 previously contained a line like
1105 "/dev/diskid/DISK-%20%20%20%20%20%20%20ABCDEFG0123456", you should
1106 change it to "/dev/diskid/DISK-ABCDEFG0123456". Users of geom
1107 transforms like gmirror may also be affected. ZFS users should
1111 The bitstring(3) API has been updated with new functionality and
1112 improved performance. But it is binary-incompatible with the old API.
1113 Objects built with the new headers may not be linked against objects
1114 built with the old headers.
1117 The brk and sbrk functions have been removed from libc on arm64.
1118 Binutils from ports has been updated to not link to these
1119 functions and should be updated to the latest version before
1120 installing a new libc.
1123 The armv6 port now defaults to hard float ABI. Limited support
1124 for running both hardfloat and soft float on the same system
1125 is available using the libraries installed with -DWITH_LIBSOFT.
1126 This has only been tested as an upgrade path for installworld
1127 and packages may fail or need manual intervention to run. New
1128 packages will be needed.
1130 To update an existing self-hosted armv6hf system, you must add
1131 TARGET_ARCH=armv6 on the make command line for both the build
1132 and the install steps.
1135 Kernel modules compiled outside of a kernel build now default to
1136 installing to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel. Many kernel
1137 modules built this way (such as those in ports) already overrode
1138 KMODDIR explicitly to install into /boot/modules. However,
1139 manually building and installing a module from /sys/modules will
1140 now install to /boot/modules instead of /boot/kernel.
1143 The CAM I/O scheduler has been committed to the kernel. There should be
1144 no user visible impact. This does enable NCQ Trim on ada SSDs. While the
1145 list of known rogues that claim support for this but actually corrupt
1146 data is believed to be complete, be on the lookout for data
1147 corruption. The known rogue list is believed to be complete:
1149 o Crucial MX100, M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1150 o Micron M510 and M550 drives with MU01 firmware.
1151 o Micron M500 prior to MU07 firmware
1152 o Samsung 830, 840, and 850 all firmwares
1153 o FCCT M500 all firmwares
1155 Crucial has firmware http://www.crucial.com/usa/en/support-ssd-firmware
1156 with working NCQ TRIM. For Micron branded drives, see your sales rep for
1157 updated firmware. Black listed drives will work correctly because these
1158 drives work correctly so long as no NCQ TRIMs are sent to them. Given
1159 this list is the same as found in Linux, it's believed there are no
1160 other rogues in the market place. All other models from the above
1163 To be safe, if you are at all concerned, you can quirk each of your
1164 drives to prevent NCQ from being sent by setting:
1165 kern.cam.ada.X.quirks="0x2"
1166 in loader.conf. If the drive requires the 4k sector quirk, set the
1167 quirks entry to 0x3.
1170 The FAST_DEPEND build option has been removed and its functionality is
1171 now the one true way. The old mkdep(1) style of 'make depend' has
1172 been removed. See 20160311 for further details.
1175 Resource range types have grown from unsigned long to uintmax_t. All
1176 drivers, and anything using libdevinfo, need to be recompiled.
1179 WITH_FAST_DEPEND is now enabled by default for in-tree and out-of-tree
1180 builds. It no longer runs mkdep(1) during 'make depend', and the
1181 'make depend' stage can safely be skipped now as it is auto ran
1182 when building 'make all' and will generate all SRCS and DPSRCS before
1183 building anything else. Dependencies are gathered at compile time with
1184 -MF flags kept in separate .depend files per object file. Users should
1185 run 'make cleandepend' once if using -DNO_CLEAN to clean out older
1186 stale .depend files.
1189 On amd64, clang 3.8.0 can now insert sections of type AMD64_UNWIND into
1190 kernel modules. Therefore, if you load any kernel modules at boot time,
1191 please install the boot loaders after you install the kernel, but before
1195 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1196 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1197 make -C sys/boot install
1198 <reboot in single user>
1200 Then follow the usual steps, described in the General Notes section,
1204 Clang, llvm, lldb and compiler-rt have been upgraded to 3.8.0. Please
1205 see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1206 upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1209 The AIO subsystem is now a standard part of the kernel. The
1210 VFS_AIO kernel option and aio.ko kernel module have been removed.
1211 Due to stability concerns, asynchronous I/O requests are only
1212 permitted on sockets and raw disks by default. To enable
1213 asynchronous I/O requests on all file types, set the
1214 vfs.aio.enable_unsafe sysctl to a non-zero value.
1217 The ELF object manipulation tool objcopy is now provided by the
1218 ELF Tool Chain project rather than by GNU binutils. It should be a
1219 drop-in replacement, with the addition of arm64 support. The
1220 (temporary) src.conf knob WITHOUT_ELFCOPY_AS_OBJCOPY knob may be set
1221 to obtain the GNU version if necessary.
1224 Building ZFS pools on top of zvols is prohibited by default. That
1225 feature has never worked safely; it's always been prone to deadlocks.
1226 Using a zvol as the backing store for a VM guest's virtual disk will
1227 still work, even if the guest is using ZFS. Legacy behavior can be
1228 restored by setting vfs.zfs.vol.recursive=1.
1231 The NONE and HPN patches has been removed from OpenSSH. They are
1232 still available in the security/openssh-portable port.
1235 With the addition of ypldap(8), a new _ypldap user is now required
1236 during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to add the user
1237 prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
1240 The tftp loader (pxeboot) now uses the option root-path directive. As a
1241 consequence it no longer looks for a pxeboot.4th file on the tftp
1242 server. Instead it uses the regular /boot infrastructure as with the
1246 The code to start recording plug and play data into the modules has
1247 been committed. While the old tools will properly build a new kernel,
1248 a number of warnings about "unknown metadata record 4" will be produced
1249 for an older kldxref. To avoid such warnings, make sure to rebuild
1250 the kernel toolchain (or world). Make sure that you have r292078 or
1251 later when trying to build 292077 or later before rebuilding.
1254 Debug data files are now built by default with 'make buildworld' and
1255 installed with 'make installworld'. This facilitates debugging but
1256 requires more disk space both during the build and for the installed
1257 world. Debug files may be disabled by setting WITHOUT_DEBUG_FILES=yes
1261 r291527 changed the internal interface between the nfsd.ko and
1262 nfscommon.ko modules. As such, they must both be upgraded to-gether.
1263 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped because of this.
1266 Add support for unicode collation strings leads to a change of
1267 order of files listed by ls(1) for example. To get back to the old
1268 behaviour, set LC_COLLATE environment variable to "C".
1270 Databases administrators will need to reindex their databases given
1271 collation results will be different.
1273 Due to a bug in install(1) it is recommended to remove the ancient
1274 locales before running make installworld.
1276 rm -rf /usr/share/locale/*
1279 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.2d. Any binaries requiring
1280 libcrypto.so.7 or libssl.so.7 must be recompiled.
1283 Qlogic 24xx/25xx firmware images were updated from 5.5.0 to 7.3.0.
1284 Kernel modules isp_2400_multi and isp_2500_multi were removed and
1285 should be replaced with isp_2400 and isp_2500 modules respectively.
1288 The build previously allowed using 'make -n' to not recurse into
1289 sub-directories while showing what commands would be executed, and
1290 'make -n -n' to recursively show commands. Now 'make -n' will recurse
1291 and 'make -N' will not.
1294 If you specify SENDMAIL_MC or SENDMAIL_CF in make.conf, mergemaster
1295 and etcupdate will now use this file. A custom sendmail.cf is now
1296 updated via this mechanism rather than via installworld. If you had
1297 excluded sendmail.cf in mergemaster.rc or etcupdate.conf, you may
1298 want to remove the exclusion or change it to "always install".
1299 /etc/mail/sendmail.cf is now managed the same way regardless of
1300 whether SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF is used. If you are not using
1301 SENDMAIL_MC/SENDMAIL_CF there should be no change in behavior.
1304 Compatibility shims for legacy ATA device names have been removed.
1305 It includes ATA_STATIC_ID kernel option, kern.cam.ada.legacy_aliases
1306 and kern.geom.raid.legacy_aliases loader tunables, kern.devalias.*
1307 environment variables, /dev/ad* and /dev/ar* symbolic links.
1310 Clang, llvm, lldb, compiler-rt and libc++ have been upgraded to 3.7.0.
1311 Please see the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites
1312 and upgrading, if you are not already using clang 3.5.0 or higher.
1315 Kernel debug files have been moved to /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel/,
1316 and renamed from .symbols to .debug. This reduces the size requirements
1317 on the boot partition or file system and provides consistency with
1318 userland debug files.
1320 When using the supported kernel installation method the
1321 /usr/lib/debug/boot/kernel directory will be renamed (to kernel.old)
1322 as is done with /boot/kernel.
1324 Developers wishing to maintain the historical behavior of installing
1325 debug files in /boot/kernel/ can set KERN_DEBUGDIR="" in src.conf(5).
1328 The wireless drivers had undergone changes that remove the 'parent
1329 interface' from the ifconfig -l output. The rc.d network scripts
1330 used to check presence of a parent interface in the list, so old
1331 scripts would fail to start wireless networking. Thus, etcupdate(3)
1332 or mergemaster(8) run is required after kernel update, to update your
1333 rc.d scripts in /etc.
1336 pf no longer supports 'scrub fragment crop' or 'scrub fragment drop-ovl'
1337 These configurations are now automatically interpreted as
1338 'scrub fragment reassemble'.
1341 Kernel-loadable modules for the random(4) device are back. To use
1342 them, the kernel must have
1345 options RANDOM_LOADABLE
1347 kldload(8) can then be used to load random_fortuna.ko
1348 or random_yarrow.ko. Please note that due to the indirect
1349 function calls that the loadable modules need to provide,
1350 the build-in variants will be slightly more efficient.
1352 The random(4) kernel option RANDOM_DUMMY has been retired due to
1353 unpopularity. It was not all that useful anyway.
1356 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS src.conf(5) knob has been retired.
1357 Control over building the ELF Tool Chain tools is now provided by
1358 the WITHOUT_TOOLCHAIN knob.
1361 The polarity of Pulse Per Second (PPS) capture events with the
1362 uart(4) driver has been corrected. Prior to this change the PPS
1363 "assert" event corresponded to the trailing edge of a positive PPS
1364 pulse and the "clear" event was the leading edge of the next pulse.
1366 As the width of a PPS pulse in a typical GPS receiver is on the
1367 order of 1 millisecond, most users will not notice any significant
1368 difference with this change.
1370 Anyone who has compensated for the historical polarity reversal by
1371 configuring a negative offset equal to the pulse width will need to
1372 remove that workaround.
1375 The default group assigned to /dev/dri entries has been changed
1376 from 'wheel' to 'video' with the id of '44'. If you want to have
1377 access to the dri devices please add yourself to the video group
1380 # pw groupmod video -m $USER
1383 The menu.rc and loader.rc files will now be replaced during
1384 upgrades. Please migrate local changes to menu.rc.local and
1385 loader.rc.local instead.
1388 GNU Binutils versions of addr2line, c++filt, nm, readelf, size,
1389 strings and strip have been removed. The src.conf(5) knob
1390 WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS no longer provides the binutils tools.
1393 As ZFS requires more kernel stack pages than is the default on some
1394 architectures e.g. i386, it now warns if KSTACK_PAGES is less than
1395 ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES (which is 4 at the time of writing).
1397 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=X' where X is greater
1398 than or equal to ZFS_MIN_KSTACK_PAGES i.e. 4 in such configurations.
1401 sendmail has been updated to 8.15.2. Starting with FreeBSD 11.0
1402 and sendmail 8.15, sendmail uses uncompressed IPv6 addresses by
1403 default, i.e., they will not contain "::". For example, instead
1404 of ::1, it will be 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1. This permits a zero subnet
1405 to have a more specific match, such as different map entries for
1406 IPv6:0:0 vs IPv6:0. This change requires that configuration
1407 data (including maps, files, classes, custom ruleset, etc.) must
1408 use the same format, so make certain such configuration data is
1409 upgrading. As a very simple check search for patterns like
1410 'IPv6:[0-9a-fA-F:]*::' and 'IPv6::'. To return to the old
1411 behavior, set the m4 option confUSE_COMPRESSED_IPV6_ADDRESSES or
1412 the cf option UseCompressedIPv6Addresses.
1415 The default kernel entropy-processing algorithm is now
1416 Fortuna, replacing Yarrow.
1418 Assuming you have 'device random' in your kernel config
1419 file, the configurations allow a kernel option to override
1420 this default. You may choose *ONE* of:
1422 options RANDOM_YARROW # Legacy /dev/random algorithm.
1423 options RANDOM_DUMMY # Blocking-only driver.
1425 If you have neither, you get Fortuna. For most people,
1426 read no further, Fortuna will give a /dev/random that works
1427 like it always used to, and the difference will be irrelevant.
1429 If you remove 'device random', you get *NO* kernel-processed
1430 entropy at all. This may be acceptable to folks building
1431 embedded systems, but has complications. Carry on reading,
1432 and it is assumed you know what you need.
1434 *PLEASE* read random(4) and random(9) if you are in the
1435 habit of tweaking kernel configs, and/or if you are a member
1436 of the embedded community, wanting specific and not-usual
1437 behaviour from your security subsystems.
1439 NOTE!! If you use RANDOM_DUMMY and/or have no 'device
1440 random', you will NOT have a functioning /dev/random, and
1441 many cryptographic features will not work, including SSH.
1442 You may also find strange behaviour from the random(3) set
1443 of library functions, in particular sranddev(3), srandomdev(3)
1444 and arc4random(3). The reason for this is that the KERN_ARND
1445 sysctl only returns entropy if it thinks it has some to
1446 share, and with RANDOM_DUMMY or no 'device random' this
1450 An additional fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail
1451 entry below has been committed in revision 284717.
1454 FreeBSD's old make (fmake) has been removed from the system. It is
1455 available as the devel/fmake port or via pkg install fmake.
1458 The fix for the issue described in the 20150614 sendmail entry
1459 below has been committed in revision 284436. The work
1460 around described in that entry is no longer needed unless the
1461 default setting is overridden by a confDH_PARAMETERS configuration
1462 setting of '5' or pointing to a 512 bit DH parameter file.
1465 ALLOW_DEPRECATED_ATF_TOOLS/ATFFILE support has been removed from
1466 atf.test.mk (included from bsd.test.mk). Please upgrade devel/atf
1467 and devel/kyua to version 0.20+ and adjust any calling code to work
1468 with Kyuafile and kyua.
1471 The import of openssl to address the FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
1472 security advisory includes a change which rejects handshakes
1473 with DH parameters below 768 bits. sendmail releases prior
1474 to 8.15.2 (not yet released), defaulted to a 512 bit
1475 DH parameter setting for client connections. To work around
1476 this interoperability, sendmail can be configured to use a
1477 2048 bit DH parameter by:
1479 1. Edit /etc/mail/`hostname`.mc
1480 2. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS does not exist or
1481 exists and is set to a string beginning with '5',
1482 replace it with '2'.
1483 3. If a setting for confDH_PARAMETERS exists and is set to
1484 a file path, create a new file with:
1485 openssl dhparam -out /path/to/file 2048
1486 4. Rebuild the .cf file:
1487 cd /etc/mail/; make; make install
1488 5. Restart sendmail:
1489 cd /etc/mail/; make restart
1491 A sendmail patch is coming, at which time this file will be
1495 Generation of legacy formatted entries have been disabled by default
1496 in pwd_mkdb(8), as all base system consumers of the legacy formatted
1497 entries were converted to use the new format by default when the new,
1498 machine independent format have been added and supported since FreeBSD
1501 Please see the pwd_mkdb(8) manual page for further details.
1504 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.6.1 release. Please see the
1505 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading,
1506 if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1509 TI platform code switched to using vendor DTS files and this update
1510 may break existing systems running on Beaglebone, Beaglebone Black,
1513 - dtb files should be regenerated/reinstalled. Filenames are the
1514 same but content is different now
1515 - GPIO addressing was changed, now each GPIO bank (32 pins per bank)
1516 has its own /dev/gpiocX device, e.g. pin 121 on /dev/gpioc0 in old
1517 addressing scheme is now pin 25 on /dev/gpioc3.
1518 - Pandaboard: /etc/ttys should be updated, serial console device is
1519 now /dev/ttyu2, not /dev/ttyu0
1522 soelim(1) from gnu/usr.bin/groff has been replaced by usr.bin/soelim.
1523 If you need the GNU extension from groff soelim(1), install groff
1524 from package: pkg install groff, or via ports: textproc/groff.
1527 chmod, chflags, chown and chgrp now affect symlinks in -R mode as
1528 defined in symlink(7); previously symlinks were silently ignored.
1531 The const qualifier has been removed from iconv(3) to comply with
1532 POSIX. The ports tree is aware of this from r384038 onwards.
1535 Libraries specified by LIBADD in Makefiles must have a corresponding
1536 DPADD_<lib> variable to ensure correct dependencies. This is now
1537 enforced in src.libnames.mk.
1540 From legacy ata(4) driver was removed support for SATA controllers
1541 supported by more functional drivers ahci(4), siis(4) and mvs(4).
1542 Kernel modules ataahci and ataadaptec were removed completely,
1543 replaced by ahci and mvs modules respectively.
1546 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.6.0 release. Please see
1547 the 20141231 entry below for information about prerequisites and
1548 upgrading, if you are not already using 3.5.0 or higher.
1551 The 32-bit PowerPC kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1552 executable. This can only be booted with a version of loader(8)
1553 newer than January 31, 2015, so make sure to update both world and
1554 kernel before rebooting.
1557 If you are running a -CURRENT kernel since r273872 (Oct 30th, 2014),
1558 but before r278950, the RNG was not seeded properly. Immediately
1559 upgrade the kernel to r278950 or later and regenerate any keys (e.g.
1560 ssh keys or openssl keys) that were generated w/ a kernel from that
1561 range. This does not affect programs that directly used /dev/random
1562 or /dev/urandom. All userland uses of arc4random(3) are affected.
1565 The autofs(4) ABI was changed in order to restore binary compatibility
1566 with 10.1-RELEASE. The automountd(8) daemon needs to be rebuilt to work
1567 with the new kernel.
1570 The powerpc64 kernel has been changed to a position-independent
1571 executable. This can only be booted with a new version of loader(8),
1572 so make sure to update both world and kernel before rebooting.
1575 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.5.1 release. This is a bugfix
1576 only release, no new features have been added. Please see the 20141231
1577 entry below for information about prerequisites and upgrading, if you
1578 are not already using 3.5.0.
1581 ELF tools addr2line, elfcopy (strip), nm, size, and strings are now
1582 taken from the ELF Tool Chain project rather than GNU binutils. They
1583 should be drop-in replacements, with the addition of arm64 support.
1584 The WITHOUT_ELFTOOLCHAIN_TOOLS= knob may be used to obtain the
1585 binutils tools, if necessary. See 20150805 for updated information.
1588 The default Unbound configuration now enables remote control
1589 using a local socket. Users who have already enabled the
1590 local_unbound service should regenerate their configuration
1591 by running "service local_unbound setup" as root.
1594 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages have been removed.
1595 To be able to view GNU info pages please install texinfo from ports.
1598 Clang, llvm and lldb have been upgraded to 3.5.0 release.
1600 As of this release, a prerequisite for building clang, llvm and lldb is
1601 a C++11 capable compiler and C++11 standard library. This means that to
1602 be able to successfully build the cross-tools stage of buildworld, with
1603 clang as the bootstrap compiler, your system compiler or cross compiler
1604 should either be clang 3.3 or later, or gcc 4.8 or later, and your
1605 system C++ library should be libc++, or libdstdc++ from gcc 4.8 or
1608 On any standard FreeBSD 10.x or 11.x installation, where clang and
1609 libc++ are on by default (that is, on x86 or arm), this should work out
1612 On 9.x installations where clang is enabled by default, e.g. on x86 and
1613 powerpc, libc++ will not be enabled by default, so libc++ should be
1614 built (with clang) and installed first. If both clang and libc++ are
1615 missing, build clang first, then use it to build libc++.
1617 On 8.x and earlier installations, upgrade to 9.x first, and then follow
1618 the instructions for 9.x above.
1620 Sparc64 and mips users are unaffected, as they still use gcc 4.2.1 by
1621 default, and do not build clang.
1623 Many embedded systems are resource constrained, and will not be able to
1624 build clang in a reasonable time, or in some cases at all. In those
1625 cases, cross building bootable systems on amd64 is a workaround.
1627 This new version of clang introduces a number of new warnings, of which
1628 the following are most likely to appear:
1632 This warns in two cases, for both C and C++:
1633 * When the code is trying to take the absolute value of an unsigned
1634 quantity, which is effectively a no-op, and almost never what was
1635 intended. The code should be fixed, if at all possible. If you are
1636 sure that the unsigned quantity can be safely cast to signed, without
1637 loss of information or undefined behavior, you can add an explicit
1638 cast, or disable the warning.
1640 * When the code is trying to take an absolute value, but the called
1641 abs() variant is for the wrong type, which can lead to truncation.
1642 If you want to disable the warning instead of fixing the code, please
1643 make sure that truncation will not occur, or it might lead to unwanted
1646 -Wtautological-undefined-compare and
1647 -Wundefined-bool-conversion
1649 These warn when C++ code is trying to compare 'this' against NULL, while
1650 'this' should never be NULL in well-defined C++ code. However, there is
1651 some legacy (pre C++11) code out there, which actively abuses this
1652 feature, which was less strictly defined in previous C++ versions.
1654 Squid and openjdk do this, for example. The warning can be turned off
1655 for C++98 and earlier, but compiling the code in C++11 mode might result
1656 in unexpected behavior; for example, the parts of the program that are
1657 unreachable could be optimized away.
1660 The old NFS client and server (kernel options NFSCLIENT, NFSSERVER)
1661 kernel sources have been removed. The .h files remain, since some
1662 utilities include them. This will need to be fixed later.
1663 If "mount -t oldnfs ..." is attempted, it will fail.
1664 If the "-o" option on mountd(8), nfsd(8) or nfsstat(1) is used,
1665 the utilities will report errors.
1668 The handling of LOCAL_LIB_DIRS has been altered to skip addition of
1669 directories to top level SUBDIR variable when their parent
1670 directory is included in LOCAL_DIRS. Users with build systems with
1671 such hierarchies and without SUBDIR entries in the parent
1672 directory Makefiles should add them or add the directories to
1676 faith(4) and faithd(8) have been removed from the base system. Faith
1677 has been obsolete for a very long time.
1680 vt(4), the new console driver, is enabled by default. It brings
1681 support for Unicode and double-width characters, as well as
1682 support for UEFI and integration with the KMS kernel video
1685 You may need to update your console settings in /etc/rc.conf,
1686 most probably the keymap. During boot, /etc/rc.d/syscons will
1687 indicate what you need to do.
1689 vt(4) still has issues and lacks some features compared to
1690 syscons(4). See the wiki for up-to-date information:
1691 https://wiki.freebsd.org/Newcons
1693 If you want to keep using syscons(4), you can do so by adding
1694 the following line to /boot/loader.conf:
1698 pjdfstest has been integrated into kyua as an opt-in test suite.
1699 Please see share/doc/pjdfstest/README for more details on how to
1703 gperf has been removed from the base system for architectures
1704 that use clang. Ports that require gperf will obtain it from the
1708 pjdfstest has been moved from tools/regression/pjdfstest to
1712 At svn r271982, The default linux compat kernel ABI has been adjusted
1713 to 2.6.18 in support of the linux-c6 compat ports infrastructure
1714 update. If you wish to continue using the linux-f10 compat ports,
1715 add compat.linux.osrelease=2.6.16 to your local sysctl.conf. Users are
1716 encouraged to update their linux-compat packages to linux-c6 during
1717 their next update cycle.
1720 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
1721 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all physical memory. This
1722 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
1723 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
1727 The xdev targets have been converted to using TARGET and
1728 TARGET_ARCH instead of XDEV and XDEV_ARCH.
1731 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
1732 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
1733 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
1734 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
1735 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
1739 The GNU texinfo and GNU info pages are not built and installed
1740 anymore, WITH_INFO knob has been added to allow to built and install
1742 UPDATE: see 20150102 entry on texinfo's removal
1745 The GNU readline library is now an INTERNALLIB - that is, it is
1746 statically linked into consumers (GDB and variants) in the base
1747 system, and the shared library is no longer installed. The
1748 devel/readline port is available for third party software that
1752 The Itanium architecture (ia64) has been removed from the list of
1753 known architectures. This is the first step in the removal of the
1757 Commit r268115 has added NFSv4.1 server support, merged from
1758 projects/nfsv4.1-server. Since this includes changes to the
1759 internal interfaces between the NFS related modules, a full
1760 build of the kernel and modules will be necessary.
1761 __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1764 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
1765 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
1766 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
1769 Maximal length of the serial number in CTL was increased from 16 to
1770 64 chars, that breaks ABI. All CTL-related tools, such as ctladm
1771 and ctld, need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
1774 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
1775 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
1776 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
1777 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
1778 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
1779 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
1780 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
1781 "make installworld".
1783 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
1784 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
1785 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
1788 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
1789 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
1790 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
1791 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
1792 be removed during a clean upgrade.
1795 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
1798 We bogusly installed src.opts.mk in /usr/share/mk. This file should
1799 be removed to avoid issues in the future (and has been added to
1803 /etc/src.conf now affects only builds of the FreeBSD src tree. In the
1804 past, it affected all builds that used the bsd.*.mk files. The old
1805 behavior was a bug, but people may have relied upon it. To get this
1806 behavior back, you can .include /etc/src.conf from /etc/make.conf
1807 (which is still global and isn't changed). This also changes the
1808 behavior of incremental builds inside the tree of individual
1809 directories. Set MAKESYSPATH to ".../share/mk" to do that.
1810 Although this has survived make universe and some upgrade scenarios,
1811 other upgrade scenarios may have broken. At least one form of
1812 temporary breakage was fixed with MAKESYSPATH settings for buildworld
1813 as well... In cases where MAKESYSPATH isn't working with this
1814 setting, you'll need to set it to the full path to your tree.
1816 One side effect of all this cleaning up is that bsd.compiler.mk
1817 is no longer implicitly included by bsd.own.mk. If you wish to
1818 use COMPILER_TYPE, you must now explicitly include bsd.compiler.mk
1822 The lindev device has been removed since /dev/full has been made a
1823 standard device. __FreeBSD_version has been bumped.
1826 The knob WITHOUT_VI was added to the base system, which controls
1827 building ex(1), vi(1), etc. Older releases of FreeBSD required ex(1)
1828 in order to reorder files share/termcap and didn't build ex(1) as a
1829 build tool, so building/installing with WITH_VI is highly advised for
1830 build hosts for older releases.
1832 This issue has been fixed in stable/9 and stable/10 in r277022 and
1833 r276991, respectively.
1836 The YES_HESIOD knob has been removed. It has been obsolete for
1837 a decade. Please move to using WITH_HESIOD instead or your builds
1838 will silently lack HESIOD.
1841 The uart(4) driver has been changed with respect to its handling
1842 of the low-level console. Previously the uart(4) driver prevented
1843 any process from changing the baudrate or the CLOCAL and HUPCL
1844 control flags. By removing the restrictions, operators can make
1845 changes to the serial console port without having to reboot.
1846 However, when getty(8) is started on the serial device that is
1847 associated with the low-level console, a misconfigured terminal
1848 line in /etc/ttys will now have a real impact.
1849 Before upgrading the kernel, make sure that /etc/ttys has the
1850 serial console device configured as 3wire without baudrate to
1851 preserve the previous behaviour. E.g:
1852 ttyu0 "/usr/libexec/getty 3wire" vt100 on secure
1855 Support for libwrap (TCP wrappers) in rpcbind was disabled by default
1856 to improve performance. To re-enable it, if needed, run rpcbind
1857 with command line option -W.
1860 Switched back to the GPL dtc compiler due to updates in the upstream
1861 dts files not being supported by the BSDL dtc compiler. You will need
1862 to rebuild your kernel toolchain to pick up the new compiler. Core dumps
1863 may result while building dtb files during a kernel build if you fail
1864 to do so. Set WITHOUT_GPL_DTC if you require the BSDL compiler.
1867 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
1870 The nve(4) driver has been removed. Please use the nfe(4) driver
1871 for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters instead.
1874 An ABI incompatibility crept into the libc++ 3.4 import in r261283.
1875 This could cause certain C++ applications using shared libraries built
1876 against the previous version of libc++ to crash. The incompatibility
1877 has now been fixed, but any C++ applications or shared libraries built
1878 between r261283 and r261801 should be recompiled.
1881 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
1882 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
1883 kernel is still highly recommended.
1886 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
1887 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
1888 capability mode support in kernel.
1891 The libelf and libdwarf libraries have been updated to newer
1892 versions from upstream. Shared library version numbers for
1893 these two libraries were bumped. Any ports or binaries
1894 requiring these two libraries should be recompiled.
1895 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100006.
1898 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
1899 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
1900 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
1901 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
1902 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
1903 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
1906 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
1907 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
1908 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
1909 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
1910 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
1911 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
1912 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
1913 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
1914 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1100004.
1917 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
1918 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
1919 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
1920 should change your settings to use the latter.
1923 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
1924 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
1925 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
1926 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
1927 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
1930 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
1931 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
1932 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
1934 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
1936 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
1939 The stable/10 branch has been created in subversion from head
1946 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1947 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1948 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1949 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1950 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1951 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1952 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1954 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1955 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1956 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1957 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1958 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1960 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best to
1961 upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first, then
1962 do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade path,
1963 and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try this
1964 approach if you encounter problems with a major version upgrade. Since
1965 the stable 4.x branch point, one has generally been able to upgrade from
1966 anywhere in the most recent stable branch to head / current (or even the
1967 last couple of stable branches). See the top of this file when there's
1970 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
1971 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
1972 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
1973 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
1975 This file should be read as a log of events. When a later event changes
1976 information of a prior event, the prior event should not be deleted.
1977 Instead, a pointer to the entry with the new information should be
1978 placed in the old entry. Readers of this file should also sanity check
1979 older entries before relying on them blindly. Authors of new entries
1980 should write them with this in mind.
1984 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1987 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1988 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1990 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1992 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1993 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ada0:
1994 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ada0"
1996 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2000 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2001 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2002 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2004 make kernel-toolchain
2005 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2006 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2008 To test a kernel once
2009 ---------------------
2010 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2011 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2012 debugging information) run
2013 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2014 nextboot -k testkernel
2016 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2017 -----------------------------------------------------------
2018 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2019 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2021 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2023 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2024 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2026 <reboot in single user> [3]
2033 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2034 --------------------------------------------------
2035 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2036 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2037 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2040 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2043 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2044 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2045 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2046 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} -DDB_FROM_SRC
2047 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2048 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2049 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2050 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2051 <reboot into current>
2052 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2053 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2057 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2058 ----------------------------------------------
2059 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2061 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2062 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2064 <reboot in single user> [3]
2071 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2072 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2073 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2074 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2075 the UPDATING entries.
2077 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2078 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2079 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2080 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2081 much fewer pitfalls.
2083 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2084 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2087 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2092 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2093 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2094 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2096 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2097 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2098 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2099 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2100 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2101 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2102 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2104 [5] Usually this step is a no-op. However, from time to time
2105 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2106 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2107 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2108 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2109 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2111 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2112 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2113 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2115 [8] The new kernel must be able to run existing binaries used by
2116 an installworld. When upgrading across major versions, the new
2117 kernel's configuration must include the correct COMPAT_FREEBSD<n>
2118 option for existing binaries (e.g. COMPAT_FREEBSD11 to run 11.x
2119 binaries). Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2120 hard to boot to recover. A GENERIC kernel will include suitable
2121 compatibility options to run binaries from older branches.
2123 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2124 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2126 [9] If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2127 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2128 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2130 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2131 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2132 warn if it is improperly defined.
2135 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2136 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2137 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since September 23, 2011.
2138 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2139 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2141 Copyright information:
2143 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2145 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2146 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2147 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2149 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2150 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2151 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2152 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2153 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2154 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2155 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2156 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2157 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2158 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2159 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2161 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of