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6 <!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent">
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11 <!ENTITY errata SYSTEM "../../share/xml/errata.xml">
13 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
14 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
19 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
22 <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
25 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
27 <!-- Last rev: 288943 -->
31 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
35 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
45 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
46 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
47 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
48 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
49 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
50 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
55 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
56 <title>Introduction</title>
58 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
59 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
60 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
61 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
63 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
64 which these release notes apply represents the latest point
65 along the &release.branch; development branch since
66 &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built,
67 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
69 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
71 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
72 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
73 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
74 the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built,
75 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
77 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
79 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
80 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
81 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
82 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or
83 other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
85 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
86 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
87 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
88 Handbook</link>.</para>
90 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
91 before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
92 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
93 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
94 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
95 to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
96 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
98 <para>This document describes the most user-visible new or changed
99 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
100 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
101 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
103 <para>Typical release note items document recent security
104 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
105 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
106 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
107 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
108 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
109 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
110 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
114 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
115 <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>
117 <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
118 (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
119 using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade
120 procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
121 unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
122 &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
123 the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
125 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
126 base system from source code) from previous versions are
127 supported, according to the instructions in
128 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
131 <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
132 <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
136 <sect1 xml:id="security-errata">
137 <title>Security and Errata</title>
139 <para>This section lists the various Security Advisories and
140 Errata Notices since &release.prev;.</para>
142 <sect2 xml:id="security">
143 <title>Security Advisories</title>
148 <sect2 xml:id="errata">
149 <title>Errata Notices</title>
155 <sect1 xml:id="userland">
156 <title>Userland</title>
158 <para>This section covers changes and additions to userland
159 applications, contributed software, and system utilities.</para>
161 <sect2 xml:id="userland-programs">
162 <title>Userland Application Changes</title>
164 <para revision="321092">The &man.ln.1; utility has been updated
165 to correct the behavior of the <literal>-F</literal> flag by
166 unlinking an existing directory before creating a symbolic
169 <para revision="321241">The &man.crontab.1; utility has been
170 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-f</literal>, which
171 forces &man.crontab.5; removal when <literal>-r</literal> is
172 used non-interactively.</para>
174 <para revision="321262">The &man.newsyslog.8; utility has been
175 updated to support <acronym>RFC</acronym>5424-compliant
176 messages when rotating system logs.</para>
178 <para revision="321287" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&gandi;">The
179 &man.sesutil.8; utility has been updated to include
180 &man.libxo.3; support in output.</para>
182 <para revision="321927">The &man.diskinfo.8; utility has been
183 updated to include two new flags, <literal>-s</literal> which
184 displays the disk identity (usually the serial number), and
185 <literal>-p</literal> which displays the physical path to the
186 disk in a storage controller. The <literal>-s</literal> and
187 <literal>-p</literal> flags are mutually exclusive, and cannot
188 be used with any other flags.</para>
190 <para revision="321929">The &man.diskinfo.8; utility has also
191 been updated to include device model when the
192 <literal>-s</literal> flag is used.</para>
194 <para revision="322509">The &man.top.1; utility has been updated
195 to allow filtering on multiple user names when the
196 <literal>-U</literal> flag is used.</para>
198 <para revision="322525">The &man.bsdgrep.1; utility has been
199 updated to include a <literal>rgrep</literal> hard link to
200 &man.grep.1;, which when used is equivalent to
201 <literal>grep -r</literal>.</para>
203 <para revision="322555">The &man.bsdgrep.1; utility has been
204 updated to address various issues with pattern matching
207 <para revision="322910">The &man.umount.8; utility has been
208 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-N</literal>, which
209 is used to forcefully unmount an <acronym>NFS</acronym>
210 mounted filesystem.</para>
212 <para revision="322919">The &man.pw.8; utility has been updated
213 to properly handle empty secondary group lists as an argument
214 to the <literal>-G</literal> flag when using the
215 <literal>usermod</literal> subcommand.</para>
217 <para revision="324124" contrib="sponsor"
218 sponsor="&chelsio;">The &man.getconf.1; utility has been
219 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-a</literal>, which
220 prints the name and value of all system or path configuration
221 values to &man.stdout.4; or optionally a file as an argument
222 to <literal>-a</literal>.</para>
224 <para revision="324270">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
225 to reflect realtime and idle priorities in state flags.</para>
227 <para revision="324271">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
228 to display if a process is running with &man.capsicum.4;
229 capability mode, indicated by <literal>C</literal>.</para>
231 <para revision="324380">The &man.cpucontrol.8; utility has been
232 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-n</literal>, that
233 disables the default microcode update search path when
236 <para revision="324674">The &man.fsck.ffs.8; utility has been
237 updated to prevent a filesystem from being reported as
238 modified when only the timestamp in the superblock is
241 <para revision="325003" contrib="sponsor"
242 sponsor="&spectralogic;">The &man.diskinfo.8; utility has been
243 updated to display disk rotation rate and if
244 <acronym>TRIM</acronym>/<acronym>UNMAP</acronym> is supported
247 <para revision="325473">The &man.rsh.1; utility has been updated
248 to include a new flag, <literal>-N</literal>, which disables
249 shutdown of a socket sending path when used.</para>
251 <para revision="326413">The &man.pfctl.8; utility has been
252 updated to allow <literal>route-to</literal> to properly
253 handle network interfaces with multiple <acronym>IP</acronym>
256 <para revision="326778" contrib="sponsor"
257 sponsor="&spectralogic;">The &man.camcontrol.8; utility has
258 been updated to include <acronym>ZAC</acronym> (Zoned-device
259 <acronym>ATA</acronym> command set) information when the
260 <literal>identify</literal> subcommand is used.</para>
262 <para revision="326848">The &man.pw.8; utility has been updated
263 to correct handling of account expiration periods.</para>
265 <para revision="327592">The &man.mdmfs.8; utility has been
266 updated to support &man.tmpfs.5;.</para>
268 <para revision="327837">The &man.lint.1; utility is not longer
269 built by default. The <literal>WITH_LINT</literal>
270 &man.src.conf.5; option has been added to enable building and
271 installing the utility.</para>
273 <para revision="327871">The &man.cpucontrol.8; utility has been
274 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-e</literal>, which is
275 used to re-evaluate reported <acronym>CPU</acronym> features
276 after applying firmware updates.</para>
279 <para>The &man.cpucontrol.8; <literal>-e</literal> flag should
280 only be used after microcode update have been applied to all
281 <acronym>CPU</acronym>s in the system, otherwise system
282 instability may be experienced if processor features are not
283 identical across the system.</para>
286 <para revision="328138">The &man.indent.1; utility has been
287 updated to respect the <literal>SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX</literal>
288 environment variable if set.</para>
290 <para revision="328139">The &man.du.1; utility has been updated
291 to include the <literal>--si</literal> long option, which is
292 used to display output in "human-readable" output in
293 powers of 1000.</para>
295 <para revision="328140">The &man.df.1; utility has been updated
296 to include the <literal>--si</literal> long option, which is
297 an alias to <literal>-H</literal>.</para>
299 <para revision="328599">The &man.service.8; utility has been
300 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-j</literal>, which is
301 used to interact with services running within a &man.jail.8;.
302 The argument to <literal>-j</literal> can be either the name
303 or numeric jail <acronym>ID</acronym>.</para>
305 <para revision="328604" contrib="sponsor"
306 sponsor="&dellemc;">The &man.fsck.ffs.8; utility has been
307 updated to exit with a non-zero status when the filesystem is
310 <para revision="328668">The &man.nvmecontrol.8; utility has been
311 updated to print the full 128 bit value for
312 <acronym>SMART</acronym> data, instead of the hexadecimal
315 <para revision="328716">The &man.nvmecontrol.8; utility has been
316 updated to include control options for Western Digital®
317 HGST drives. The new options are <literal>cap-diag</literal>,
318 <literal>get-crash-dump</literal>,
319 <literal>drive-log</literal>, <literal>purge</literal>, and
320 <literal>purge-monitor</literal>.</para>
322 <para revision="330692" contrib="sponsor"
323 sponsor="&dellemc;">The &man.dhclient.8; utility has been
324 updated to be more compliant with <acronym>RFC</acronym>2131
325 by setting the source address field in the
326 <acronym>IP</acronym> header to <literal>0</literal> when
327 sending a <literal>DHCPREQUEST</literal> message to attempt to
328 obtain a previously-assigned <literal>IP</literal>
331 <para revision="330694" contrib="sponsor"
332 sponsor="&dellemc;">The &man.pw.8; utility has been updated to
333 allow the <literal>@</literal> and <literal>!</literal>
334 characters in the <acronym>GECOS</acronym> field.</para>
336 <para revision="330733" contrib="sponsor"
337 sponsor="&spectralogic;">The &man.zfsd.8; utility has been
338 updated to work with any type of <acronym>GEOM</acronym>
339 provider, including &man.md.4;, &man.geli.8;, &man.glabel.8;,
340 and &man.gstripe.8;.</para>
342 <para revision="331471">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
343 to include a <literal>jail</literal> keyword, which when used
344 will list the name of a &man.jail.8; instead of the numeric
347 <para revision="331586" contrib="sponsor"
348 sponsor="&mellanox;">The &man.mlx5tool.8; utility has been
349 added, which is used to manage Connect-X 4 and
350 Connect-X 5 devices supported by &man.mlx5io.4;.</para>
352 <para revision="331603" contrib="sponsor"
353 sponsor="&chelsio;">The &man.sysctl.8; utility has been
354 updated to support setting an array of values to nodes. Prior
355 to this change, &man.sysctl.8; could only set one value to
356 a node that may return multiple values when queried.</para>
358 <para revision="331729">The &man.ifconfig.8; utility has been
359 updated to include a <literal>random</literal> option, which
360 when used with the <literal>ether</literal> option, generates
361 a random <acronym>MAC</acronym> address for an
364 <para revision="332126" contrib="sponsor"
365 sponsor="&netflix;">The &man.efibootmgr.8; utility has been
366 added, which is used to manipulate the <acronym>EFI</acronym>
369 <para revision="332947">The &man.etdump.1; utility has been
370 added, which is used to view El Torito boot catalog
373 <para revision="322753">The &man.mount.8; utility has been
374 updated to allow fallback to mount media read-only if an
375 attempt to mount write-protected media read-write fails. This
376 behavior is disabled by default, and can be requested with the
377 new <literal>autoro</literal> option.</para>
379 <para revision="332460" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
380 &man.makefs.8; utility has been updated to default the block
381 and fragment sizes to match that of &man.newfs.8;, 32K and 4K,
384 <para revision="332929" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
385 &man.pwd.mkdb.8; utility has been updated to emit a notice
386 that legacy database support will be removed effective
387 &os; 12 when the <literal>-l</literal> flag is
390 <para revision="334789">The &man.dhclient.8; utility has been
391 updated to allow the <literal>interface-mtu</literal> option
392 to be overridden with a <literal>supersede</literal> entry in
393 &man.dhclient.conf.5;.</para>
396 <sect2 xml:id="userland-contrib">
397 <title>Contributed Software</title>
399 <para revision="321303">The &man.libarchive.3; library has been
400 updated to version 3.3.2.</para>
402 <para revision="322442"><application>Subversion</application>
403 has been updated to version 1.9.7.</para>
405 <para revision="328495">The &man.dtc.1; utility has been updated
406 to upstream commit 9ce35ff8.</para>
408 <para revision="328874">The &man.file.1; utility has been
409 updated to version 5.32.</para>
411 <para revision="323136"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
412 been updated to version 7.5p1.</para>
414 <para revision="324581">The &man.mandoc.1; utility has been
415 updated to version 1.14.3.</para>
417 <para revision="327234">The &man.tcpdump.1; utility has been
418 updated to version 4.9.2.</para>
420 <para revision="330106">The <acronym>NTP</acronym> utilities
421 have been updated to version 4.2.8p11.</para>
423 <para revision="330570">The &man.less.1; utility has been
424 updated to upstream version v530.</para>
426 <para revision="331246">The <application>bmake</application>
427 utility has been updated to upstream version 20180222.</para>
429 <para revision="331465">The <acronym>BSD</acronym>-licensed
430 &man.diff.1; utility has been imported from OpenBSD, which is
431 installed if <literal>WITHOUT_GNU_DIFF</literal> is set in
432 &man.src.conf.5;, and otherwise not installed by
435 <para revision="331638"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
436 been updated to version 1.0.2o.</para>
438 <para revision="331838">The <application>clang</application>,
439 <application>llvm</application>,
440 <application>lld</application>,
441 <application>lldb</application>, and
442 <literal>compiler-rt</literal> utilities as well as
443 <literal>libc++</literal> have been updated to upstream
444 version 6.0.0.</para>
446 <para revision="333312">Timezone data files have been updated to
447 version 2018e.</para>
449 <para revision="334458">The &man.libxo.3; library has been
450 updated to version 0.9.0.</para>
453 <sect2 xml:id="userland-installer">
454 <title>Installation and Configuration Tools</title>
456 <para revision="322254" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
457 arch="&arch.arm64;">The &man.bsdinstall.8; installer has been
458 updated to default to <acronym>UEFI</acronym>-only
463 <sect1 xml:id="kernel">
464 <title>Kernel</title>
466 <para>This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
467 tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
470 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-general">
471 <title>General Kernel Changes</title>
473 <para revision="321007">The &man.linux.4; <acronym>ABI</acronym>
474 compaibility layer has been updated to include support for
475 <literal>musl</literal> consumers.</para>
477 <para revision="322340">The &man.fdescfs.5; filesystem has been
478 updated to support &linux;-specific &man.fd.4;
479 <filename>/dev/fd</filename> and
480 <filename>/proc/self/fd</filename> behavior.</para>
482 <para revision="323447">Support for multiple realtime clocks has
486 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-bugfix">
487 <title>Kernel Bug Fixes</title>
489 <para revision="324175">The &man.ng.iface.4; driver has been
490 updated to prevent a possible system crash.</para>
492 <para revision="325730">The &man.ipfw.4; packet filter has been
493 updated to identify layer-2 and layer-3 packets, fixing
494 &man.dummynet.4; <acronym>AQM</acronym> packet marking.</para>
496 <para revision="333166">An issue causing boot issues with
497 &intel; Apollo Lake™ <acronym>CPU</acronym>s has been
501 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-config">
502 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
504 <para revision="327920">The &man.watchdog.4; facility has been
505 updated to make <literal>SW_WATCHDOG</literal> dynamic,
506 enabling the software &man.watchdogd.8; option whenever
507 a hardware watchdog is not present.</para>
510 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-sysctl">
511 <title>System Tuning and Controls</title>
513 <para revision="326322" contrib="sponsor"
514 sponsor="&spectralogic;">The
515 <literal>p1003_1b.aio_listio_max</literal> &man.sysctl.8; has
516 been changed to a runtime-configurable tunable.</para>
520 <sect1 xml:id="drivers">
521 <title>Devices and Drivers</title>
523 <para>This section covers changes and additions to devices and
524 device drivers since &release.prev;.</para>
526 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-device">
527 <title>Device Drivers</title>
529 <para revision="330307" contrib="sponsor"
530 sponsor="&chelsio;">The &man.cxgbe.4; driver has been updated
531 to firmware version 1.16.63.0 for T4, T5, and T6 network
534 <para revision="331058">The &man.ng.pppoe.4; driver has been
535 updated to add support for user-supplied
536 <literal>Host-Uniq</literal> tags.</para>
538 <para revision="331500">Support for the TAIO
539 <acronym>USB</acronym> multi-protocol adapter
540 (<acronym>TUMPA</acronym>) has been added.</para>
542 <para revision="331586" contrib="sponsor"
543 sponsor="&mellanox;">The &man.mlx5io.4; driver has been added,
544 providing an interface to manage supported Connect-X 4
545 and Connect-X 5 network adapters.</para>
547 <para revision="331882" contrib="sponsor"
548 sponsor="&darpa_afrl;">The &man.cm.4; and &man.fpa.4; drivers
549 have been marked as deprecated, and will be removed in
552 <para revision="332040" contrib="sponsor"
553 sponsor="&broadcom;">The &man.ocs.fc.4; driver has been added,
554 supporting Emulex 16/8G FC GEN 5
555 <acronym>HBA</acronym>s LPe15004 and LPe160XX, and
556 Emulex 32/16G FC GEN 6
557 <acronym>HBA</acronym>s LPe3100X and LPe3200X.</para>
559 <para revision="333171">The &man.ixgb.4; driver has been marked
560 as deprecated, and will be removed in &os; 12.</para>
562 <para revision="333343" contrib="sponsor"
563 sponsor="&intelcorp;">The &man.ixl.4; driver has been updated
564 to version 1.9.9-k.</para>
566 <para revision="333367">The &man.nxge.4; driver has been marked
567 as deprecated, and will be removed in &os; 12.</para>
569 <para revision="333412" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
570 &man.lmc.4; driver has been marked as deprecated, and will be
571 removed in &os; 12.</para>
573 <para revision="333417">The &man.smartpqi.4; driver has been
574 added, providing support for Microsemi®
575 <acronym>SCSI</acronym> controllers.</para>
577 <para revision="333738">The &man.vxge.4; driver has been marked
578 as deprecated, and will be removed in &os; 12.</para>
582 <sect1 xml:id="hardware">
583 <title>Hardware Support</title>
585 <para>This section covers general hardware support for physical
586 machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well
587 as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in
588 other sections of this document.</para>
590 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-virtualization">
591 <title>Virtualization Support</title>
593 <para revision="321413">Support for &man.virtio.console.4; has
594 been added to &man.bhyve.4;.</para>
598 <sect1 xml:id="storage">
599 <title>Storage</title>
601 <para>This section covers changes and additions to file systems
602 and other storage subsystems, both local and networked.</para>
604 <sect2 xml:id="storage-geom">
605 <title><literal>geom(4)</literal></title>
607 <para revision="332519">The <literal>geom_aes</literal>,
608 <literal>geom_bsd</literal>, <literal>geom_mbr</literal>,
609 <literal>geom_sunlabel</literal> &man.geom.4; classes have
610 been marked as deprecated. They have been replaced by the
611 <literal>geom_part</literal> class in &os; 7, and removed
612 from the <literal>GENERIC</literal> kernel configurations in
613 &os; 8, and will be removed in &os; 12.</para>
617 <sect1 xml:id="boot">
618 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
620 <para>This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other
621 boot-related changes.</para>
623 <sect2 xml:id="boot-loader">
624 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
626 <para revision="321519">The boot code and &man.loader.8; have
627 been updated to check for unsupported <acronym>ZFS</acronym>
628 feature flags. If unsupported features are active, the pool
629 is not considered as a bootable pool, and a diagnostic message
630 is printed to the console.</para>
632 <para revision="329010">The &man.loader.8; has been updated to
633 improve quotation parsing, distinguishing between single- and
634 double-quotes, and check for terminating quotes.</para>
636 <para revision="329114">The length of <acronym>GELI</acronym>
637 passphrases entered when booting a system with encrypted disks
638 is now hidden by default. See the configuration options in
639 &man.geli.8; to restore the previous behavior.</para>
643 <sect1 xml:id="network">
644 <title>Networking</title>
646 <para>This section describes changes that affect networking in
649 <sect2 xml:id="network-general">
650 <title>General Network Changes</title>
652 <para revision="329581" contrib="sponsor"
653 sponsor="&dellemc;">The &man.icmp6.4; protocol has been
654 updated to fix <acronym>ICMPv6</acronym> redirects.</para>
658 <sect1 xml:id="ports">
659 <title>Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure</title>
661 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Ports
662 Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and
663 installation tools.</para>
665 <sect2 xml:id="ports-packages ">
666 <title>Packaging Changes</title>
668 <para>The &man.pkg.8; utility has been updated to version
673 <sect1 xml:id="releng">
674 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
676 <para>This section convers changes that are specific to the
677 &os; Release Engineering processes.</para>
679 <sect2 xml:id="releng-changes">
680 <title>Integration Changes</title>
682 <para revision="326892">Amazon® EC2™ instances now
683 keep their clocks synchronized using the Amazon Time Sync
684 Service, the <acronym>NTP</acronym> service internal to the
685 EC2™ infrastructure.</para>
687 <para revision="333410" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
688 &arch.i386; memory stick image installers have been changed
689 to use the <acronym>MBR</acronym> partitioning scheme, which
690 addresses a boot issue from a <acronym>GPT</acronym> partition
691 scheme in non-<acronym>UEFI</acronym> mode.</para>
693 <para revision="334444" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;">The
694 &arch.amd64; memory stick image installers have been changed
695 to use the <acronym>MBR</acronym> partitioning scheme, which
696 addresses a boot issue from a <acronym>GPT</acronym> partition
697 scheme in non-<acronym>UEFI</acronym> mode.</para>