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4 <!ENTITY % release PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Release Specification//EN" "release.ent">
6 <!ENTITY % sponsor PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//ENTITIES Sponsor Specification//EN" "sponsor.ent">
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11 <!ENTITY errata SYSTEM "../../share/xml/errata.xml">
13 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
14 xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
17 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
20 <orgname>The &os; Project</orgname>
23 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
25 <!-- Last rev: 288943 -->
29 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
33 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
43 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
44 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
45 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
46 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
47 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
48 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
53 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
54 <title>Introduction</title>
56 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
57 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
58 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
59 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
61 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to
62 which these release notes apply represents the latest point
63 along the &release.branch; development branch since
64 &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built,
65 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
67 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
69 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
70 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
71 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and
72 the future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built,
73 binary &release.type; distributions along this branch can be
75 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
77 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
78 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
79 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
80 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or
81 other) &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the
83 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
84 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
85 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os;
86 Handbook</link>.</para>
88 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata
89 before installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
90 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
91 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
92 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections
93 to documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
94 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
96 <para>This document describes the most user-visible new or changed
97 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
98 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
99 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
101 <para>Typical release note items document recent security
102 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
103 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
104 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
105 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
106 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
107 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
108 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
112 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
113 <title>Upgrading from Previous Releases of &os;</title>
115 <para arch="amd64,i386">Binary upgrades between RELEASE versions
116 (and snapshots of the various security branches) are supported
117 using the &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade
118 procedure will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as
119 unmodified GENERIC kernels distributed as a part of an official
120 &os; release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that
121 the host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
123 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
124 base system from source code) from previous versions are
125 supported, according to the instructions in
126 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
129 <para>Upgrading &os; should only be attempted after backing up
130 <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration files.</para>
134 <sect1 xml:id="security-errata">
135 <title>Security and Errata</title>
137 <para>This section lists the various Security Advisories and
138 Errata Notices since &release.prev;.</para>
140 <sect2 xml:id="security">
141 <title>Security Advisories</title>
146 <sect2 xml:id="errata">
147 <title>Errata Notices</title>
153 <sect1 xml:id="userland">
154 <title>Userland</title>
156 <para>This section covers changes and additions to userland
157 applications, contributed software, and system utilities.</para>
159 <sect2 xml:id="userland-config">
160 <title>Userland Configuration Changes</title>
165 <sect2 xml:id="userland-programs">
166 <title>Userland Application Changes</title>
168 <para revision="321092">The &man.ln.1; utility has been updated
169 to correct the behavior of the <literal>-F</literal> flag by
170 unlinking an existing directory before creating a symbolic
173 <para revision="321241">The &man.crontab.1; utility has been
174 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-f</literal>, which
175 forces &man.crontab.5; removal when <literal>-r</literal> is
176 used non-interactively.</para>
178 <para revision="321262">The &man.newsyslog.8; utility has been
179 updated to support <acronym>RFC</acronym>5424-compliant
180 messages when rotating system logs.</para>
182 <para revision="321287" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&gandi;">The
183 &man.sesutil.8; utility has been updated to include
184 &man.libxo.3; support in output.</para>
186 <para revision="321927">The &man.diskinfo.8; utility has been
187 updated to include two new flags, <literal>-s</literal> which
188 displays the disk identity (usually the serial number), and
189 <literal>-p</literal> which displays the physical path to the
190 disk in a storage controller. The <literal>-s</literal> and
191 <literal>-p</literal> flags are mutually exclusive, and cannot
192 be used with any other flags.</para>
194 <para revision="321929">The &man.diskinfo.8; utility has also
195 been updated to include device model when the
196 <literal>-s</literal> flag is used.</para>
198 <para revision="322525">The &man.bsdgrep.1; utility has been
199 updated to include a <literal>rgrep</literal> hard link to
200 &man.grep.1;, which when used is equivalent to
201 <literal>grep -r</literal>.</para>
203 <para revision="322555">The &man.bsdgrep.1; utility has been
204 updated to address various issues with pattern matching
207 <para revision="322910">The &man.umount.8; utility has been
208 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-N</literal>, which
209 is used to forcefully unmount an <acronym>NFS</acronym>
210 mounted filesystem.</para>
212 <para revision="322919">The &man.pw.8; utility has been updated
213 to properly handle empty secondary group lists as an argument
214 to the <literal>-G</literal> flag when using the
215 <literal>usermod</literal> subcommand.</para>
217 <para revision="324124" contrib="sponsor"
218 sponsor="&chelsio;">The &man.getconf.1; utility has been
219 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-a</literal>, which
220 prints the name and value of all system or path configuration
221 values to &man.stdout.4; or optionally a file as an argument
222 to <literal>-a</literal>.</para>
224 <para revision="324270">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
225 to reflect realtime and idle priorities in state flags.</para>
227 <para revision="324271">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
228 to display if a process is running with &man.capsicum.4;
229 capability mode, indicated by <literal>C</literal>.</para>
231 <para revision="324380">The &man.cpucontrol.8; utility has been
232 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-n</literal>, that
233 disables the default microcode update search path when
236 <para revision="324674">The &man.fsck.ffs.8; utility has been
237 updated to prevent a filesystem from being reported as
238 modified when only the timestamp in the superblock is
241 <para revision="325003" contrib="sponsor"
242 sponsor="&spectralogic;">The &man.diskinfo.8; utility has been
243 updated to display disk rotation rate and if
244 <acronym>TRIM</acronym>/<acronym>UNMAP</acronym> is supported
247 <para revision="325473">The &man.rsh.1; utility has been updated
248 to include a new flag, <literal>-N</literal>, which disables
249 shutdown of a socket sending path when used.</para>
251 <para revision="326413">The &man.pfctl.8; utility has been
252 updated to allow <literal>route-to</literal> to properly
253 handle network interfaces with multiple <acronym>IP</acronym>
256 <para revision="326778" contrib="sponsor"
257 sponsor="&spectralogic;">The &man.camcontrol.8; utility has
258 been updated to include <acronym>ZAC</acronym> (Zoned-device
259 <acronym>ATA</acronym> command set) information when the
260 <literal>identify</literal> subcommand is used.</para>
262 <para revision="326848">The &man.pw.8; utility has been updated
263 to correct handling of account expiration periods.</para>
265 <para revision="327592">The &man.mdmfs.8; utility has been
266 updated to support &man.tmpfs.5;.</para>
268 <para revision="327871">The &man.cpucontrol.8; utility has been
269 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-e</literal>, which is
270 used to re-evaluate reported <acronym>CPU</acronym> features
271 after applying firmware updates.</para>
274 <para>The &man.cpucontrol.8; <literal>-e</literal> flag should
275 only be used after microcode update have been applied to all
276 <acronym>CPU</acronym>s in the system, otherwise system
277 instability may be experienced if processor features are not
278 identical across the system.</para>
281 <para revision="328139">The &man.du.1; utility has been updated
282 to include the <literal>--si</literal> long option, which is
283 used to display output in "human-readable" output in
284 powers of 1000.</para>
286 <para revision="328140">The &man.df.1; utility has been updated
287 to include the <literal>--si</literal> long option, which is
288 an alias to <literal>-H</literal>.</para>
290 <para revision="328599">The &man.service.8; utility has been
291 updated to include a new flag, <literal>-j</literal>, which is
292 used to interact with services running within a &man.jail.8;.
293 The argument to <literal>-j</literal> can be either the name
294 or numeric jail <acronym>ID</acronym>.</para>
296 <para revision="328604" contrib="sponsor"
297 sponsor="&dellemc;">The &man.fsck.ffs.8; utility has been
298 updated to exit with a non-zero status when the filesystem is
301 <para revision="328668">The &man.nvmecontrol.8; utility has been
302 updated to print the full 128 bit value for
303 <acronym>SMART</acronym> data, instead of the hexadecimal
306 <para revision="328716">The &man.nvmecontrol.8; utility has been
307 updated to include control options for Western Digital®
308 HGST drives. The new options are <literal>cap-diag</literal>,
309 <literal>get-crash-dump</literal>,
310 <literal>drive-log</literal>, <literal>purge</literal>, and
311 <literal>purge-monitor</literal>.</para>
313 <para revision="330692" contrib="sponsor"
314 sponsor="&dellemc;">The &man.dhclient.8; utility has been
315 updated to be more compliant with <acronym>RFC</acronym>2131
316 by setting the source address field in the
317 <acronym>IP</acronym> header to <literal>0</literal> when
318 sending a <literal>DHCPREQUEST</literal> message to attempt to
319 obtain a previously-assigned <literal>IP</literal>
322 <para revision="330694" contrib="sponsor"
323 sponsor="&dellemc;">The &man.pw.8; utility has been updated to
324 allow the <literal>@</literal> and <literal>!</literal>
325 characters in the <acronym>GECOS</acronym> field.</para>
327 <para revision="331471">The &man.ps.1; utility has been updated
328 to include a <literal>jail</literal> keyword, which when used
329 will list the name of a &man.jail.8; instead of the numeric
332 <para revision="331586" contrib="sponsor"
333 sponsor="&mellanox;">The &man.mlx5tool.8; utility has been
334 added, which is used to manage Connect-X 4 and
335 Connect-X 5 devices supported by &man.mlx5io.4;.</para>
337 <para revision="331603" contrib="sponsor"
338 sponsor="&chelsio;">The &man.sysctl.8; utility has been
339 updated to support setting an array of values to nodes. Prior
340 to this change, &man.sysctl.8; could only set one value to
341 a node that may return multiple values when queried.</para>
343 <para revision="331729">The &man.ifconfig.8; utility has been
344 updated to include a <literal>random</literal> option, which
345 when used with the <literal>ether</literal> option, generates
346 a random <acronym>MAC</acronym> address for an
349 <para revision="332126" contrib="sponsor"
350 sponsor="&netflix;">The &man.efibootmgr.8; utility has been
351 added, which is used to manipulate the <acronym>EFI</acronym>
355 <sect2 xml:id="userland-contrib">
356 <title>Contributed Software</title>
358 <para revision="321303">The &man.libarchive.3; library has been
359 updated to version 3.3.2.</para>
361 <para revision="322172">The &man.libxo.3; library has been
362 updated to version 0.8.4.</para>
364 <para revision="322442"><application>Subversion</application>
365 has been updated to version 1.9.7.</para>
367 <para revision="328495">The &man.dtc.1; utility has been updated
368 to upstream commit 9ce35ff8.</para>
370 <para revision="328874">The &man.file.1; utility has been
371 updated to version 5.32.</para>
373 <para revision="323136"><application>OpenSSH</application> has
374 been updated to version 7.5p1.</para>
376 <para revision="324581">The &man.mandoc.1; utility has been
377 updated to version 1.14.3.</para>
379 <para revision="327234">The &man.tcpdump.1; utility has been
380 updated to version 4.9.2.</para>
382 <para revision="330106">The <acronym>NTP</acronym> utilities
383 have been updated to version 4.2.8p11.</para>
385 <para revision="330570">The &man.less.1; utility has been
386 updated to upstream version v530.</para>
388 <para revision="331246">The <application>bmake</application>
389 utility has been updated to upstream version 20180222.</para>
391 <para revision="331465">The <acronym>BSD</acronym>-licensed
392 &man.diff.1; utility has been imported from OpenBSD, which is
393 installed if <literal>WITHOUT_GNU_DIFF</literal> is set in
394 &man.src.conf.5;, and otherwise not installed by
397 <para revision="331638"><application>OpenSSL</application> has
398 been updated to version 1.0.2o.</para>
400 <para revision="331662">Timezone data files have been updated to
401 version 2018d.</para>
403 <para revision="331838">The <application>clang</application>,
404 <application>llvm</application>,
405 <application>lld</application>,
406 <application>lldb</application>, and
407 <literal>compiler-rt</literal> utilities as well as
408 <literal>libc++</literal> have been updated to upstream
409 version 6.0.0.</para>
412 <sect2 xml:id="userland-installer">
413 <title>Installation and Configuration Tools</title>
415 <para revision="322254" contrib="sponsor" sponsor="&ff;"
416 arch="&arch.arm64;">The &man.bsdinstall.8; installer has been
417 updated to default to <acronym>UEFI</acronym>-only
421 <sect2 xml:id="userland-rc">
422 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/rc.d</filename>
428 <sect2 xml:id="userland-periodic">
429 <title><filename class="directory">/etc/periodic</filename>
435 <sect2 xml:id="userland-libraries">
436 <title>Runtime Libraries and API</title>
441 <sect2 xml:id="userland-abi">
442 <title>ABI Compatibility</title>
447 <sect2 xml:id="userland-debug">
448 <title>Userland Debugging</title>
454 <sect1 xml:id="kernel">
455 <title>Kernel</title>
457 <para>This section covers changes to kernel configurations, system
458 tuning, and system control parameters that are not otherwise
461 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-general">
462 <title>General Kernel Changes</title>
467 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-bugfix">
468 <title>Kernel Bug Fixes</title>
473 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-config">
474 <title>Kernel Configuration</title>
479 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-modules">
480 <title>Kernel Modules</title>
485 <sect2 xml:id="kernel-sysctl">
486 <title>System Tuning and Controls</title>
492 <sect1 xml:id="drivers">
493 <title>Devices and Drivers</title>
495 <para>This section covers changes and additions to devices and
496 device drivers since &release.prev;.</para>
498 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-device">
499 <title>Device Drivers</title>
501 <para revision="331586" contrib="sponsor"
502 sponsor="&mellanox;">The &man.mlx5io.4; driver has been added,
503 providing an interface to manage supported Connect-X 4
504 and Connect-X 5 network adapters.</para>
506 <para revision="330307" contrib="sponsor"
507 sponsor="&chelsio;">The &man.cxgbe.4; driver has been updated
508 to firmware version 1.16.63.0 for T4, T5, and T6 network
512 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-storage">
513 <title>Storage Drivers</title>
518 <sect2 xml:id="drivers-network">
519 <title>Network Drivers</title>
525 <sect1 xml:id="hardware">
526 <title>Hardware Support</title>
528 <para>This section covers general hardware support for physical
529 machines, hypervisors, and virtualization environments, as well
530 as hardware changes and updates that do not otherwise fit in
531 other sections of this document.</para>
533 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-support">
534 <title>Hardware Support</title>
536 <para revision="331500">Support for the TAIO
537 <acronym>USB</acronym> multi-protocol adapter
538 (<acronym>TUMPA</acronym>) has been added.</para>
541 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-virtualization">
542 <title>Virtualization Support</title>
544 <para revision="321413">Support for &man.virtio.console.4; has
545 been added to &man.bhyve.4;.</para>
548 <sect2 xml:id="hardware-arm">
549 <title>ARM Support</title>
555 <sect1 xml:id="storage">
556 <title>Storage</title>
558 <para>This section covers changes and additions to file systems
559 and other storage subsystems, both local and networked.</para>
561 <sect2 xml:id="storage-general">
562 <title>General Storage</title>
567 <sect2 xml:id="storage-net">
568 <title>Networked Storage</title>
573 <sect2 xml:id="storage-zfs">
579 <sect2 xml:id="storage-geom">
580 <title><literal>geom(4)</literal></title>
586 <sect1 xml:id="boot">
587 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
589 <para>This section covers the boot loader, boot menu, and other
590 boot-related changes.</para>
592 <sect2 xml:id="boot-loader">
593 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
595 <para revision="329114">The length of <acronym>GELI</acronym>
596 passphrases entered when booting a system with encrypted disks
597 is now hidden by default. See the configuration options in
598 &man.geli.8; to restore the previous behavior.</para>
601 <sect2 xml:id="boot-menu">
602 <title>Boot Menu Changes</title>
608 <sect1 xml:id="network">
609 <title>Networking</title>
611 <para>This section describes changes that affect networking in
614 <sect2 xml:id="network-general">
615 <title>General Network Changes</title>
620 <sect2 xml:id="network-protocols">
621 <title>Network Protocols</title>
627 <sect1 xml:id="ports">
628 <title>Ports Collection and Package Infrastructure</title>
630 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Ports
631 Collection, package infrastructure, and package maintenance and
632 installation tools.</para>
634 <sect2 xml:id="ports-infrastructure">
635 <title>Infrastructure Changes</title>
640 <sect2 xml:id="ports-packages ">
641 <title>Packaging Changes</title>
648 <title>Documentation</title>
650 <para>This section covers changes to the &os; Documentation
651 Project sources and toolchain.</para>
653 <sect2 xml:id="doc-sources">
654 <title>Documentation Source Changes</title>
659 <sect2 xml:id="doc-toolchain">
660 <title>Documentation Toolchain Changes</title>
666 <sect1 xml:id="releng">
667 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
669 <para>This section convers changes that are specific to the
670 &os; Release Engineering processes.</para>
672 <sect2 xml:id="releng-changes">
673 <title>Integration Changes</title>
675 <para revision="326892">Amazon® EC2™ instances now
676 keep their clocks synchronized using the Amazon Time Sync
677 Service, the <acronym>NTP</acronym> service internal to the
678 EC2™ infrastructure.</para>