2 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-4-Clause
4 * Copyright (c) 1991 Regents of the University of California.
6 * Copyright (c) 1994 John S. Dyson
8 * Copyright (c) 1994 David Greenman
10 * Copyright (c) 2003 Peter Wemm
11 * All rights reserved.
12 * Copyright (c) 2005-2010 Alan L. Cox <alc@cs.rice.edu>
13 * All rights reserved.
14 * Copyright (c) 2014 Andrew Turner
15 * All rights reserved.
16 * Copyright (c) 2014 The FreeBSD Foundation
17 * All rights reserved.
18 * Copyright (c) 2015-2018 Ruslan Bukin <br@bsdpad.com>
19 * All rights reserved.
21 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
22 * the Systems Programming Group of the University of Utah Computer
23 * Science Department and William Jolitz of UUNET Technologies Inc.
25 * Portions of this software were developed by Andrew Turner under
26 * sponsorship from The FreeBSD Foundation.
28 * Portions of this software were developed by SRI International and the
29 * University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory under DARPA/AFRL contract
30 * FA8750-10-C-0237 ("CTSRD"), as part of the DARPA CRASH research programme.
32 * Portions of this software were developed by the University of Cambridge
33 * Computer Laboratory as part of the CTSRD Project, with support from the
34 * UK Higher Education Innovation Fund (HEIF).
36 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
37 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
39 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
40 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
41 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
42 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
43 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
44 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
45 * must display the following acknowledgement:
46 * This product includes software developed by the University of
47 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
48 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
49 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
50 * without specific prior written permission.
52 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
53 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
54 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
55 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
56 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
57 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
58 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
59 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
60 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
61 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
64 * from: @(#)pmap.c 7.7 (Berkeley) 5/12/91
67 * Copyright (c) 2003 Networks Associates Technology, Inc.
68 * All rights reserved.
70 * This software was developed for the FreeBSD Project by Jake Burkholder,
71 * Safeport Network Services, and Network Associates Laboratories, the
72 * Security Research Division of Network Associates, Inc. under
73 * DARPA/SPAWAR contract N66001-01-C-8035 ("CBOSS"), as part of the DARPA
74 * CHATS research program.
76 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
77 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
79 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
80 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
81 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
82 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
83 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
85 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
86 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
87 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
88 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
89 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
90 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
91 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
92 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
93 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
94 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
98 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
99 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
102 * Manages physical address maps.
104 * Since the information managed by this module is
105 * also stored by the logical address mapping module,
106 * this module may throw away valid virtual-to-physical
107 * mappings at almost any time. However, invalidations
108 * of virtual-to-physical mappings must be done as
111 * In order to cope with hardware architectures which
112 * make virtual-to-physical map invalidates expensive,
113 * this module may delay invalidate or reduced protection
114 * operations until such time as they are actually
115 * necessary. This module is given full information as
116 * to which processors are currently using which maps,
117 * and to when physical maps must be made correct.
120 #include <sys/param.h>
121 #include <sys/systm.h>
122 #include <sys/bitstring.h>
124 #include <sys/cpuset.h>
125 #include <sys/kernel.h>
127 #include <sys/lock.h>
128 #include <sys/malloc.h>
129 #include <sys/mman.h>
130 #include <sys/msgbuf.h>
131 #include <sys/mutex.h>
132 #include <sys/proc.h>
133 #include <sys/rwlock.h>
135 #include <sys/vmem.h>
136 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
137 #include <sys/sched.h>
138 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
142 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
143 #include <vm/vm_kern.h>
144 #include <vm/vm_page.h>
145 #include <vm/vm_map.h>
146 #include <vm/vm_object.h>
147 #include <vm/vm_extern.h>
148 #include <vm/vm_pageout.h>
149 #include <vm/vm_pager.h>
150 #include <vm/vm_phys.h>
151 #include <vm/vm_radix.h>
152 #include <vm/vm_reserv.h>
155 #include <machine/machdep.h>
156 #include <machine/md_var.h>
157 #include <machine/pcb.h>
158 #include <machine/sbi.h>
160 #define NUL1E (Ln_ENTRIES * Ln_ENTRIES)
161 #define NUL2E (Ln_ENTRIES * NUL1E)
163 #if !defined(DIAGNOSTIC)
164 #ifdef __GNUC_GNU_INLINE__
165 #define PMAP_INLINE __attribute__((__gnu_inline__)) inline
167 #define PMAP_INLINE extern inline
174 #define PV_STAT(x) do { x ; } while (0)
176 #define PV_STAT(x) do { } while (0)
179 #define pmap_l2_pindex(v) ((v) >> L2_SHIFT)
180 #define pa_to_pvh(pa) (&pv_table[pa_index(pa)])
182 #define NPV_LIST_LOCKS MAXCPU
184 #define PHYS_TO_PV_LIST_LOCK(pa) \
185 (&pv_list_locks[pmap_l2_pindex(pa) % NPV_LIST_LOCKS])
187 #define CHANGE_PV_LIST_LOCK_TO_PHYS(lockp, pa) do { \
188 struct rwlock **_lockp = (lockp); \
189 struct rwlock *_new_lock; \
191 _new_lock = PHYS_TO_PV_LIST_LOCK(pa); \
192 if (_new_lock != *_lockp) { \
193 if (*_lockp != NULL) \
194 rw_wunlock(*_lockp); \
195 *_lockp = _new_lock; \
200 #define CHANGE_PV_LIST_LOCK_TO_VM_PAGE(lockp, m) \
201 CHANGE_PV_LIST_LOCK_TO_PHYS(lockp, VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))
203 #define RELEASE_PV_LIST_LOCK(lockp) do { \
204 struct rwlock **_lockp = (lockp); \
206 if (*_lockp != NULL) { \
207 rw_wunlock(*_lockp); \
212 #define VM_PAGE_TO_PV_LIST_LOCK(m) \
213 PHYS_TO_PV_LIST_LOCK(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))
215 /* The list of all the user pmaps */
216 LIST_HEAD(pmaplist, pmap);
217 static struct pmaplist allpmaps = LIST_HEAD_INITIALIZER();
219 struct pmap kernel_pmap_store;
221 vm_offset_t virtual_avail; /* VA of first avail page (after kernel bss) */
222 vm_offset_t virtual_end; /* VA of last avail page (end of kernel AS) */
223 vm_offset_t kernel_vm_end = 0;
225 vm_paddr_t dmap_phys_base; /* The start of the dmap region */
226 vm_paddr_t dmap_phys_max; /* The limit of the dmap region */
227 vm_offset_t dmap_max_addr; /* The virtual address limit of the dmap */
229 /* This code assumes all L1 DMAP entries will be used */
230 CTASSERT((DMAP_MIN_ADDRESS & ~L1_OFFSET) == DMAP_MIN_ADDRESS);
231 CTASSERT((DMAP_MAX_ADDRESS & ~L1_OFFSET) == DMAP_MAX_ADDRESS);
233 static struct rwlock_padalign pvh_global_lock;
234 static struct mtx_padalign allpmaps_lock;
236 static SYSCTL_NODE(_vm, OID_AUTO, pmap, CTLFLAG_RD, 0,
237 "VM/pmap parameters");
239 static int superpages_enabled = 1;
240 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, superpages_enabled,
241 CTLFLAG_RDTUN, &superpages_enabled, 0,
242 "Enable support for transparent superpages");
244 static SYSCTL_NODE(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, l2, CTLFLAG_RD, 0,
245 "2MB page mapping counters");
247 static u_long pmap_l2_demotions;
248 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_l2, OID_AUTO, demotions, CTLFLAG_RD,
249 &pmap_l2_demotions, 0,
250 "2MB page demotions");
252 static u_long pmap_l2_mappings;
253 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_l2, OID_AUTO, mappings, CTLFLAG_RD,
254 &pmap_l2_mappings, 0,
255 "2MB page mappings");
257 static u_long pmap_l2_p_failures;
258 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_l2, OID_AUTO, p_failures, CTLFLAG_RD,
259 &pmap_l2_p_failures, 0,
260 "2MB page promotion failures");
262 static u_long pmap_l2_promotions;
263 SYSCTL_ULONG(_vm_pmap_l2, OID_AUTO, promotions, CTLFLAG_RD,
264 &pmap_l2_promotions, 0,
265 "2MB page promotions");
268 * Data for the pv entry allocation mechanism
270 static TAILQ_HEAD(pch, pv_chunk) pv_chunks = TAILQ_HEAD_INITIALIZER(pv_chunks);
271 static struct mtx pv_chunks_mutex;
272 static struct rwlock pv_list_locks[NPV_LIST_LOCKS];
273 static struct md_page *pv_table;
274 static struct md_page pv_dummy;
276 extern cpuset_t all_harts;
279 * Internal flags for pmap_enter()'s helper functions.
281 #define PMAP_ENTER_NORECLAIM 0x1000000 /* Don't reclaim PV entries. */
282 #define PMAP_ENTER_NOREPLACE 0x2000000 /* Don't replace mappings. */
284 static void free_pv_chunk(struct pv_chunk *pc);
285 static void free_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, pv_entry_t pv);
286 static pv_entry_t get_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, struct rwlock **lockp);
287 static vm_page_t reclaim_pv_chunk(pmap_t locked_pmap, struct rwlock **lockp);
288 static void pmap_pvh_free(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va);
289 static pv_entry_t pmap_pvh_remove(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap,
291 static bool pmap_demote_l2(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *l2, vm_offset_t va);
292 static bool pmap_demote_l2_locked(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *l2,
293 vm_offset_t va, struct rwlock **lockp);
294 static int pmap_enter_l2(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t new_l2,
295 u_int flags, vm_page_t m, struct rwlock **lockp);
296 static vm_page_t pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va,
297 vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot, vm_page_t mpte, struct rwlock **lockp);
298 static int pmap_remove_l3(pmap_t pmap, pt_entry_t *l3, vm_offset_t sva,
299 pd_entry_t ptepde, struct spglist *free, struct rwlock **lockp);
300 static boolean_t pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va,
301 vm_page_t m, struct rwlock **lockp);
303 static vm_page_t _pmap_alloc_l3(pmap_t pmap, vm_pindex_t ptepindex,
304 struct rwlock **lockp);
306 static void _pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m,
307 struct spglist *free);
308 static int pmap_unuse_pt(pmap_t, vm_offset_t, pd_entry_t, struct spglist *);
310 #define pmap_clear(pte) pmap_store(pte, 0)
311 #define pmap_clear_bits(pte, bits) atomic_clear_64(pte, bits)
312 #define pmap_load_store(pte, entry) atomic_swap_64(pte, entry)
313 #define pmap_load_clear(pte) pmap_load_store(pte, 0)
314 #define pmap_load(pte) atomic_load_64(pte)
315 #define pmap_store(pte, entry) atomic_store_64(pte, entry)
316 #define pmap_store_bits(pte, bits) atomic_set_64(pte, bits)
318 /********************/
319 /* Inline functions */
320 /********************/
323 pagecopy(void *s, void *d)
326 memcpy(d, s, PAGE_SIZE);
336 #define pmap_l1_index(va) (((va) >> L1_SHIFT) & Ln_ADDR_MASK)
337 #define pmap_l2_index(va) (((va) >> L2_SHIFT) & Ln_ADDR_MASK)
338 #define pmap_l3_index(va) (((va) >> L3_SHIFT) & Ln_ADDR_MASK)
340 #define PTE_TO_PHYS(pte) ((pte >> PTE_PPN0_S) * PAGE_SIZE)
342 static __inline pd_entry_t *
343 pmap_l1(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
346 return (&pmap->pm_l1[pmap_l1_index(va)]);
349 static __inline pd_entry_t *
350 pmap_l1_to_l2(pd_entry_t *l1, vm_offset_t va)
355 phys = PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l1));
356 l2 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(phys);
358 return (&l2[pmap_l2_index(va)]);
361 static __inline pd_entry_t *
362 pmap_l2(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
366 l1 = pmap_l1(pmap, va);
367 if ((pmap_load(l1) & PTE_V) == 0)
369 if ((pmap_load(l1) & PTE_RX) != 0)
372 return (pmap_l1_to_l2(l1, va));
375 static __inline pt_entry_t *
376 pmap_l2_to_l3(pd_entry_t *l2, vm_offset_t va)
381 phys = PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l2));
382 l3 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(phys);
384 return (&l3[pmap_l3_index(va)]);
387 static __inline pt_entry_t *
388 pmap_l3(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
392 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, va);
395 if ((pmap_load(l2) & PTE_V) == 0)
397 if ((pmap_load(l2) & PTE_RX) != 0)
400 return (pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, va));
404 pmap_resident_count_inc(pmap_t pmap, int count)
407 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
408 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count += count;
412 pmap_resident_count_dec(pmap_t pmap, int count)
415 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
416 KASSERT(pmap->pm_stats.resident_count >= count,
417 ("pmap %p resident count underflow %ld %d", pmap,
418 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count, count));
419 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count -= count;
423 pmap_distribute_l1(struct pmap *pmap, vm_pindex_t l1index,
426 struct pmap *user_pmap;
429 /* Distribute new kernel L1 entry to all the user pmaps */
430 if (pmap != kernel_pmap)
433 mtx_lock(&allpmaps_lock);
434 LIST_FOREACH(user_pmap, &allpmaps, pm_list) {
435 l1 = &user_pmap->pm_l1[l1index];
436 pmap_store(l1, entry);
438 mtx_unlock(&allpmaps_lock);
442 pmap_early_page_idx(vm_offset_t l1pt, vm_offset_t va, u_int *l1_slot,
448 l1 = (pd_entry_t *)l1pt;
449 *l1_slot = (va >> L1_SHIFT) & Ln_ADDR_MASK;
451 /* Check locore has used a table L1 map */
452 KASSERT((l1[*l1_slot] & PTE_RX) == 0,
453 ("Invalid bootstrap L1 table"));
455 /* Find the address of the L2 table */
456 l2 = (pt_entry_t *)init_pt_va;
457 *l2_slot = pmap_l2_index(va);
463 pmap_early_vtophys(vm_offset_t l1pt, vm_offset_t va)
465 u_int l1_slot, l2_slot;
469 l2 = pmap_early_page_idx(l1pt, va, &l1_slot, &l2_slot);
471 /* Check locore has used L2 superpages */
472 KASSERT((l2[l2_slot] & PTE_RX) != 0,
473 ("Invalid bootstrap L2 table"));
475 /* L2 is superpages */
476 ret = (l2[l2_slot] >> PTE_PPN1_S) << L2_SHIFT;
477 ret += (va & L2_OFFSET);
483 pmap_bootstrap_dmap(vm_offset_t kern_l1, vm_paddr_t min_pa, vm_paddr_t max_pa)
492 pa = dmap_phys_base = min_pa & ~L1_OFFSET;
493 va = DMAP_MIN_ADDRESS;
494 l1 = (pd_entry_t *)kern_l1;
495 l1_slot = pmap_l1_index(DMAP_MIN_ADDRESS);
497 for (; va < DMAP_MAX_ADDRESS && pa < max_pa;
498 pa += L1_SIZE, va += L1_SIZE, l1_slot++) {
499 KASSERT(l1_slot < Ln_ENTRIES, ("Invalid L1 index"));
502 pn = (pa / PAGE_SIZE);
504 entry |= (pn << PTE_PPN0_S);
505 pmap_store(&l1[l1_slot], entry);
508 /* Set the upper limit of the DMAP region */
516 pmap_bootstrap_l3(vm_offset_t l1pt, vm_offset_t va, vm_offset_t l3_start)
525 KASSERT((va & L2_OFFSET) == 0, ("Invalid virtual address"));
527 l2 = pmap_l2(kernel_pmap, va);
528 l2 = (pd_entry_t *)((uintptr_t)l2 & ~(PAGE_SIZE - 1));
529 l2_slot = pmap_l2_index(va);
532 for (; va < VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS; l2_slot++, va += L2_SIZE) {
533 KASSERT(l2_slot < Ln_ENTRIES, ("Invalid L2 index"));
535 pa = pmap_early_vtophys(l1pt, l3pt);
536 pn = (pa / PAGE_SIZE);
538 entry |= (pn << PTE_PPN0_S);
539 pmap_store(&l2[l2_slot], entry);
544 /* Clean the L2 page table */
545 memset((void *)l3_start, 0, l3pt - l3_start);
551 * Bootstrap the system enough to run with virtual memory.
554 pmap_bootstrap(vm_offset_t l1pt, vm_paddr_t kernstart, vm_size_t kernlen)
556 u_int l1_slot, l2_slot, avail_slot, map_slot;
557 vm_offset_t freemempos;
558 vm_offset_t dpcpu, msgbufpv;
559 vm_paddr_t end, max_pa, min_pa, pa, start;
562 printf("pmap_bootstrap %lx %lx %lx\n", l1pt, kernstart, kernlen);
563 printf("%lx\n", l1pt);
564 printf("%lx\n", (KERNBASE >> L1_SHIFT) & Ln_ADDR_MASK);
566 /* Set this early so we can use the pagetable walking functions */
567 kernel_pmap_store.pm_l1 = (pd_entry_t *)l1pt;
568 PMAP_LOCK_INIT(kernel_pmap);
570 rw_init(&pvh_global_lock, "pmap pv global");
572 CPU_FILL(&kernel_pmap->pm_active);
574 /* Assume the address we were loaded to is a valid physical address. */
575 min_pa = max_pa = kernstart;
578 * Find the minimum physical address. physmap is sorted,
579 * but may contain empty ranges.
581 for (i = 0; i < physmap_idx * 2; i += 2) {
582 if (physmap[i] == physmap[i + 1])
584 if (physmap[i] <= min_pa)
586 if (physmap[i + 1] > max_pa)
587 max_pa = physmap[i + 1];
589 printf("physmap_idx %lx\n", physmap_idx);
590 printf("min_pa %lx\n", min_pa);
591 printf("max_pa %lx\n", max_pa);
593 /* Create a direct map region early so we can use it for pa -> va */
594 pmap_bootstrap_dmap(l1pt, min_pa, max_pa);
597 * Read the page table to find out what is already mapped.
598 * This assumes we have mapped a block of memory from KERNBASE
599 * using a single L1 entry.
601 (void)pmap_early_page_idx(l1pt, KERNBASE, &l1_slot, &l2_slot);
603 /* Sanity check the index, KERNBASE should be the first VA */
604 KASSERT(l2_slot == 0, ("The L2 index is non-zero"));
606 freemempos = roundup2(KERNBASE + kernlen, PAGE_SIZE);
608 /* Create the l3 tables for the early devmap */
609 freemempos = pmap_bootstrap_l3(l1pt,
610 VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - L2_SIZE, freemempos);
614 #define alloc_pages(var, np) \
615 (var) = freemempos; \
616 freemempos += (np * PAGE_SIZE); \
617 memset((char *)(var), 0, ((np) * PAGE_SIZE));
619 /* Allocate dynamic per-cpu area. */
620 alloc_pages(dpcpu, DPCPU_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
621 dpcpu_init((void *)dpcpu, 0);
623 /* Allocate memory for the msgbuf, e.g. for /sbin/dmesg */
624 alloc_pages(msgbufpv, round_page(msgbufsize) / PAGE_SIZE);
625 msgbufp = (void *)msgbufpv;
627 virtual_avail = roundup2(freemempos, L2_SIZE);
628 virtual_end = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - L2_SIZE;
629 kernel_vm_end = virtual_avail;
631 pa = pmap_early_vtophys(l1pt, freemempos);
633 /* Initialize phys_avail and dump_avail. */
634 for (avail_slot = map_slot = physmem = 0; map_slot < physmap_idx * 2;
636 start = physmap[map_slot];
637 end = physmap[map_slot + 1];
641 dump_avail[map_slot] = start;
642 dump_avail[map_slot + 1] = end;
643 realmem += atop((vm_offset_t)(end - start));
645 if (start >= kernstart && end <= pa)
648 if (start < kernstart && end > kernstart)
650 else if (start < pa && end > pa)
652 phys_avail[avail_slot] = start;
653 phys_avail[avail_slot + 1] = end;
654 physmem += (end - start) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
657 if (end != physmap[map_slot + 1] && end > pa) {
658 phys_avail[avail_slot] = pa;
659 phys_avail[avail_slot + 1] = physmap[map_slot + 1];
660 physmem += (physmap[map_slot + 1] - pa) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
664 phys_avail[avail_slot] = 0;
665 phys_avail[avail_slot + 1] = 0;
668 * Maxmem isn't the "maximum memory", it's one larger than the
669 * highest page of the physical address space. It should be
670 * called something like "Maxphyspage".
672 Maxmem = atop(phys_avail[avail_slot - 1]);
676 * Initialize a vm_page's machine-dependent fields.
679 pmap_page_init(vm_page_t m)
682 TAILQ_INIT(&m->md.pv_list);
683 m->md.pv_memattr = VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_BACK;
687 * Initialize the pmap module.
688 * Called by vm_init, to initialize any structures that the pmap
689 * system needs to map virtual memory.
698 * Initialize the pv chunk and pmap list mutexes.
700 mtx_init(&pv_chunks_mutex, "pmap pv chunk list", NULL, MTX_DEF);
701 mtx_init(&allpmaps_lock, "allpmaps", NULL, MTX_DEF);
704 * Initialize the pool of pv list locks.
706 for (i = 0; i < NPV_LIST_LOCKS; i++)
707 rw_init(&pv_list_locks[i], "pmap pv list");
710 * Calculate the size of the pv head table for superpages.
712 pv_npg = howmany(vm_phys_segs[vm_phys_nsegs - 1].end, L2_SIZE);
715 * Allocate memory for the pv head table for superpages.
717 s = (vm_size_t)(pv_npg * sizeof(struct md_page));
719 pv_table = (struct md_page *)kmem_malloc(s, M_WAITOK | M_ZERO);
720 for (i = 0; i < pv_npg; i++)
721 TAILQ_INIT(&pv_table[i].pv_list);
722 TAILQ_INIT(&pv_dummy.pv_list);
724 if (superpages_enabled)
725 pagesizes[1] = L2_SIZE;
730 * For SMP, these functions have to use IPIs for coherence.
732 * In general, the calling thread uses a plain fence to order the
733 * writes to the page tables before invoking an SBI callback to invoke
734 * sfence_vma() on remote CPUs.
737 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
742 mask = pmap->pm_active;
743 CPU_CLR(PCPU_GET(hart), &mask);
745 if (!CPU_EMPTY(&mask) && smp_started)
746 sbi_remote_sfence_vma(mask.__bits, va, 1);
752 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
757 mask = pmap->pm_active;
758 CPU_CLR(PCPU_GET(hart), &mask);
760 if (!CPU_EMPTY(&mask) && smp_started)
761 sbi_remote_sfence_vma(mask.__bits, sva, eva - sva + 1);
764 * Might consider a loop of sfence_vma_page() for a small
765 * number of pages in the future.
772 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap_t pmap)
777 mask = pmap->pm_active;
778 CPU_CLR(PCPU_GET(hart), &mask);
781 * XXX: The SBI doc doesn't detail how to specify x0 as the
782 * address to perform a global fence. BBL currently treats
783 * all sfence_vma requests as global however.
786 if (!CPU_EMPTY(&mask) && smp_started)
787 sbi_remote_sfence_vma(mask.__bits, 0, 0);
793 * Normal, non-SMP, invalidation functions.
794 * We inline these within pmap.c for speed.
797 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
804 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
808 * Might consider a loop of sfence_vma_page() for a small
809 * number of pages in the future.
815 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap_t pmap)
823 * Routine: pmap_extract
825 * Extract the physical page address associated
826 * with the given map/virtual_address pair.
829 pmap_extract(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
838 * Start with the l2 tabel. We are unable to allocate
839 * pages in the l1 table.
841 l2p = pmap_l2(pmap, va);
844 if ((l2 & PTE_RX) == 0) {
845 l3p = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2p, va);
848 pa = PTE_TO_PHYS(l3);
849 pa |= (va & L3_OFFSET);
852 /* L2 is superpages */
853 pa = (l2 >> PTE_PPN1_S) << L2_SHIFT;
854 pa |= (va & L2_OFFSET);
862 * Routine: pmap_extract_and_hold
864 * Atomically extract and hold the physical page
865 * with the given pmap and virtual address pair
866 * if that mapping permits the given protection.
869 pmap_extract_and_hold(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_prot_t prot)
880 l3p = pmap_l3(pmap, va);
881 if (l3p != NULL && (l3 = pmap_load(l3p)) != 0) {
882 if ((l3 & PTE_W) != 0 || (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0) {
883 phys = PTE_TO_PHYS(l3);
884 if (vm_page_pa_tryrelock(pmap, phys, &pa))
886 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(phys);
896 pmap_kextract(vm_offset_t va)
902 if (va >= DMAP_MIN_ADDRESS && va < DMAP_MAX_ADDRESS) {
903 pa = DMAP_TO_PHYS(va);
905 l2 = pmap_l2(kernel_pmap, va);
907 panic("pmap_kextract: No l2");
908 if ((pmap_load(l2) & PTE_RX) != 0) {
910 pa = (pmap_load(l2) >> PTE_PPN1_S) << L2_SHIFT;
911 pa |= (va & L2_OFFSET);
915 l3 = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, va);
917 panic("pmap_kextract: No l3...");
918 pa = PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l3));
919 pa |= (va & PAGE_MASK);
924 /***************************************************
925 * Low level mapping routines.....
926 ***************************************************/
929 pmap_kenter_device(vm_offset_t sva, vm_size_t size, vm_paddr_t pa)
936 KASSERT((pa & L3_OFFSET) == 0,
937 ("pmap_kenter_device: Invalid physical address"));
938 KASSERT((sva & L3_OFFSET) == 0,
939 ("pmap_kenter_device: Invalid virtual address"));
940 KASSERT((size & PAGE_MASK) == 0,
941 ("pmap_kenter_device: Mapping is not page-sized"));
945 l3 = pmap_l3(kernel_pmap, va);
946 KASSERT(l3 != NULL, ("Invalid page table, va: 0x%lx", va));
948 pn = (pa / PAGE_SIZE);
950 entry |= (pn << PTE_PPN0_S);
951 pmap_store(l3, entry);
957 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, sva, va);
961 * Remove a page from the kernel pagetables.
962 * Note: not SMP coherent.
965 pmap_kremove(vm_offset_t va)
969 l3 = pmap_l3(kernel_pmap, va);
970 KASSERT(l3 != NULL, ("pmap_kremove: Invalid address"));
977 pmap_kremove_device(vm_offset_t sva, vm_size_t size)
982 KASSERT((sva & L3_OFFSET) == 0,
983 ("pmap_kremove_device: Invalid virtual address"));
984 KASSERT((size & PAGE_MASK) == 0,
985 ("pmap_kremove_device: Mapping is not page-sized"));
989 l3 = pmap_l3(kernel_pmap, va);
990 KASSERT(l3 != NULL, ("Invalid page table, va: 0x%lx", va));
997 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, sva, va);
1001 * Used to map a range of physical addresses into kernel
1002 * virtual address space.
1004 * The value passed in '*virt' is a suggested virtual address for
1005 * the mapping. Architectures which can support a direct-mapped
1006 * physical to virtual region can return the appropriate address
1007 * within that region, leaving '*virt' unchanged. Other
1008 * architectures should map the pages starting at '*virt' and
1009 * update '*virt' with the first usable address after the mapped
1013 pmap_map(vm_offset_t *virt, vm_paddr_t start, vm_paddr_t end, int prot)
1016 return PHYS_TO_DMAP(start);
1021 * Add a list of wired pages to the kva
1022 * this routine is only used for temporary
1023 * kernel mappings that do not need to have
1024 * page modification or references recorded.
1025 * Note that old mappings are simply written
1026 * over. The page *must* be wired.
1027 * Note: SMP coherent. Uses a ranged shootdown IPI.
1030 pmap_qenter(vm_offset_t sva, vm_page_t *ma, int count)
1040 for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1042 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
1043 pn = (pa / PAGE_SIZE);
1044 l3 = pmap_l3(kernel_pmap, va);
1047 entry |= (pn << PTE_PPN0_S);
1048 pmap_store(l3, entry);
1052 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, sva, va);
1056 * This routine tears out page mappings from the
1057 * kernel -- it is meant only for temporary mappings.
1058 * Note: SMP coherent. Uses a ranged shootdown IPI.
1061 pmap_qremove(vm_offset_t sva, int count)
1066 KASSERT(sva >= VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS, ("usermode va %lx", sva));
1068 for (va = sva; count-- > 0; va += PAGE_SIZE) {
1069 l3 = pmap_l3(kernel_pmap, va);
1070 KASSERT(l3 != NULL, ("pmap_kremove: Invalid address"));
1073 pmap_invalidate_range(kernel_pmap, sva, va);
1077 pmap_ps_enabled(pmap_t pmap __unused)
1080 return (superpages_enabled);
1083 /***************************************************
1084 * Page table page management routines.....
1085 ***************************************************/
1087 * Schedule the specified unused page table page to be freed. Specifically,
1088 * add the page to the specified list of pages that will be released to the
1089 * physical memory manager after the TLB has been updated.
1091 static __inline void
1092 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(vm_page_t m, struct spglist *free,
1093 boolean_t set_PG_ZERO)
1097 m->flags |= PG_ZERO;
1099 m->flags &= ~PG_ZERO;
1100 SLIST_INSERT_HEAD(free, m, plinks.s.ss);
1104 * Inserts the specified page table page into the specified pmap's collection
1105 * of idle page table pages. Each of a pmap's page table pages is responsible
1106 * for mapping a distinct range of virtual addresses. The pmap's collection is
1107 * ordered by this virtual address range.
1109 * If "promoted" is false, then the page table page "ml3" must be zero filled.
1112 pmap_insert_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t ml3, bool promoted)
1115 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1116 ml3->valid = promoted ? VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL : 0;
1117 return (vm_radix_insert(&pmap->pm_root, ml3));
1121 * Removes the page table page mapping the specified virtual address from the
1122 * specified pmap's collection of idle page table pages, and returns it.
1123 * Otherwise, returns NULL if there is no page table page corresponding to the
1124 * specified virtual address.
1126 static __inline vm_page_t
1127 pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1130 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1131 return (vm_radix_remove(&pmap->pm_root, pmap_l2_pindex(va)));
1135 * Decrements a page table page's wire count, which is used to record the
1136 * number of valid page table entries within the page. If the wire count
1137 * drops to zero, then the page table page is unmapped. Returns TRUE if the
1138 * page table page was unmapped and FALSE otherwise.
1140 static inline boolean_t
1141 pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m, struct spglist *free)
1145 if (m->wire_count == 0) {
1146 _pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap, va, m, free);
1154 _pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m, struct spglist *free)
1158 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1159 if (m->pindex >= NUL1E) {
1161 l1 = pmap_l1(pmap, va);
1163 pmap_distribute_l1(pmap, pmap_l1_index(va), 0);
1166 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, va);
1169 pmap_resident_count_dec(pmap, 1);
1170 if (m->pindex < NUL1E) {
1174 l1 = pmap_l1(pmap, va);
1175 phys = PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l1));
1176 pdpg = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(phys);
1177 pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap, va, pdpg, free);
1179 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
1184 * Put page on a list so that it is released after
1185 * *ALL* TLB shootdown is done
1187 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(m, free, TRUE);
1191 * After removing a page table entry, this routine is used to
1192 * conditionally free the page, and manage the hold/wire counts.
1195 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t ptepde,
1196 struct spglist *free)
1200 if (va >= VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)
1202 KASSERT(ptepde != 0, ("pmap_unuse_pt: ptepde != 0"));
1203 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(PTE_TO_PHYS(ptepde));
1204 return (pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap, va, mpte, free));
1208 pmap_pinit0(pmap_t pmap)
1211 PMAP_LOCK_INIT(pmap);
1212 bzero(&pmap->pm_stats, sizeof(pmap->pm_stats));
1213 pmap->pm_l1 = kernel_pmap->pm_l1;
1214 pmap->pm_satp = SATP_MODE_SV39 | (vtophys(pmap->pm_l1) >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1215 CPU_ZERO(&pmap->pm_active);
1216 pmap_activate_boot(pmap);
1220 pmap_pinit(pmap_t pmap)
1226 * allocate the l1 page
1228 while ((l1pt = vm_page_alloc(NULL, 0xdeadbeef, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL |
1229 VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO)) == NULL)
1232 l1phys = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(l1pt);
1233 pmap->pm_l1 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(l1phys);
1234 pmap->pm_satp = SATP_MODE_SV39 | (l1phys >> PAGE_SHIFT);
1236 if ((l1pt->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
1237 pagezero(pmap->pm_l1);
1239 bzero(&pmap->pm_stats, sizeof(pmap->pm_stats));
1241 CPU_ZERO(&pmap->pm_active);
1243 /* Install kernel pagetables */
1244 memcpy(pmap->pm_l1, kernel_pmap->pm_l1, PAGE_SIZE);
1246 /* Add to the list of all user pmaps */
1247 mtx_lock(&allpmaps_lock);
1248 LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allpmaps, pmap, pm_list);
1249 mtx_unlock(&allpmaps_lock);
1251 vm_radix_init(&pmap->pm_root);
1257 * This routine is called if the desired page table page does not exist.
1259 * If page table page allocation fails, this routine may sleep before
1260 * returning NULL. It sleeps only if a lock pointer was given.
1262 * Note: If a page allocation fails at page table level two or three,
1263 * one or two pages may be held during the wait, only to be released
1264 * afterwards. This conservative approach is easily argued to avoid
1268 _pmap_alloc_l3(pmap_t pmap, vm_pindex_t ptepindex, struct rwlock **lockp)
1270 vm_page_t m, /*pdppg, */pdpg;
1275 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1278 * Allocate a page table page.
1280 if ((m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, ptepindex, VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ |
1281 VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO)) == NULL) {
1282 if (lockp != NULL) {
1283 RELEASE_PV_LIST_LOCK(lockp);
1285 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
1287 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
1292 * Indicate the need to retry. While waiting, the page table
1293 * page may have been allocated.
1298 if ((m->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
1302 * Map the pagetable page into the process address space, if
1303 * it isn't already there.
1306 if (ptepindex >= NUL1E) {
1308 vm_pindex_t l1index;
1310 l1index = ptepindex - NUL1E;
1311 l1 = &pmap->pm_l1[l1index];
1313 pn = (VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) / PAGE_SIZE);
1315 entry |= (pn << PTE_PPN0_S);
1316 pmap_store(l1, entry);
1317 pmap_distribute_l1(pmap, l1index, entry);
1319 vm_pindex_t l1index;
1320 pd_entry_t *l1, *l2;
1322 l1index = ptepindex >> (L1_SHIFT - L2_SHIFT);
1323 l1 = &pmap->pm_l1[l1index];
1324 if (pmap_load(l1) == 0) {
1325 /* recurse for allocating page dir */
1326 if (_pmap_alloc_l3(pmap, NUL1E + l1index,
1328 vm_page_unwire_noq(m);
1329 vm_page_free_zero(m);
1333 phys = PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l1));
1334 pdpg = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(phys);
1338 phys = PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l1));
1339 l2 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(phys);
1340 l2 = &l2[ptepindex & Ln_ADDR_MASK];
1342 pn = (VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) / PAGE_SIZE);
1344 entry |= (pn << PTE_PPN0_S);
1345 pmap_store(l2, entry);
1348 pmap_resident_count_inc(pmap, 1);
1354 pmap_alloc_l2(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, struct rwlock **lockp)
1358 vm_pindex_t l2pindex;
1361 l1 = pmap_l1(pmap, va);
1362 if (l1 != NULL && (pmap_load(l1) & PTE_RWX) == 0) {
1363 /* Add a reference to the L2 page. */
1364 l2pg = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l1)));
1367 /* Allocate a L2 page. */
1368 l2pindex = pmap_l2_pindex(va) >> Ln_ENTRIES_SHIFT;
1369 l2pg = _pmap_alloc_l3(pmap, NUL2E + l2pindex, lockp);
1370 if (l2pg == NULL && lockp != NULL)
1377 pmap_alloc_l3(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, struct rwlock **lockp)
1379 vm_pindex_t ptepindex;
1385 * Calculate pagetable page index
1387 ptepindex = pmap_l2_pindex(va);
1390 * Get the page directory entry
1392 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, va);
1395 * If the page table page is mapped, we just increment the
1396 * hold count, and activate it.
1398 if (l2 != NULL && pmap_load(l2) != 0) {
1399 phys = PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l2));
1400 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(phys);
1404 * Here if the pte page isn't mapped, or if it has been
1407 m = _pmap_alloc_l3(pmap, ptepindex, lockp);
1408 if (m == NULL && lockp != NULL)
1415 /***************************************************
1416 * Pmap allocation/deallocation routines.
1417 ***************************************************/
1420 * Release any resources held by the given physical map.
1421 * Called when a pmap initialized by pmap_pinit is being released.
1422 * Should only be called if the map contains no valid mappings.
1425 pmap_release(pmap_t pmap)
1429 KASSERT(pmap->pm_stats.resident_count == 0,
1430 ("pmap_release: pmap resident count %ld != 0",
1431 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count));
1432 KASSERT(CPU_EMPTY(&pmap->pm_active),
1433 ("releasing active pmap %p", pmap));
1435 mtx_lock(&allpmaps_lock);
1436 LIST_REMOVE(pmap, pm_list);
1437 mtx_unlock(&allpmaps_lock);
1439 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(DMAP_TO_PHYS((vm_offset_t)pmap->pm_l1));
1440 vm_page_unwire_noq(m);
1446 kvm_size(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
1448 unsigned long ksize = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - VM_MIN_KERNEL_ADDRESS;
1450 return sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &ksize, 0, req);
1452 SYSCTL_PROC(_vm, OID_AUTO, kvm_size, CTLTYPE_LONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
1453 0, 0, kvm_size, "LU", "Size of KVM");
1456 kvm_free(SYSCTL_HANDLER_ARGS)
1458 unsigned long kfree = VM_MAX_KERNEL_ADDRESS - kernel_vm_end;
1460 return sysctl_handle_long(oidp, &kfree, 0, req);
1462 SYSCTL_PROC(_vm, OID_AUTO, kvm_free, CTLTYPE_LONG|CTLFLAG_RD,
1463 0, 0, kvm_free, "LU", "Amount of KVM free");
1467 * grow the number of kernel page table entries, if needed
1470 pmap_growkernel(vm_offset_t addr)
1474 pd_entry_t *l1, *l2;
1478 mtx_assert(&kernel_map->system_mtx, MA_OWNED);
1480 addr = roundup2(addr, L2_SIZE);
1481 if (addr - 1 >= vm_map_max(kernel_map))
1482 addr = vm_map_max(kernel_map);
1483 while (kernel_vm_end < addr) {
1484 l1 = pmap_l1(kernel_pmap, kernel_vm_end);
1485 if (pmap_load(l1) == 0) {
1486 /* We need a new PDP entry */
1487 nkpg = vm_page_alloc(NULL, kernel_vm_end >> L1_SHIFT,
1488 VM_ALLOC_INTERRUPT | VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ |
1489 VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO);
1491 panic("pmap_growkernel: no memory to grow kernel");
1492 if ((nkpg->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
1493 pmap_zero_page(nkpg);
1494 paddr = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(nkpg);
1496 pn = (paddr / PAGE_SIZE);
1498 entry |= (pn << PTE_PPN0_S);
1499 pmap_store(l1, entry);
1500 pmap_distribute_l1(kernel_pmap,
1501 pmap_l1_index(kernel_vm_end), entry);
1502 continue; /* try again */
1504 l2 = pmap_l1_to_l2(l1, kernel_vm_end);
1505 if ((pmap_load(l2) & PTE_V) != 0 &&
1506 (pmap_load(l2) & PTE_RWX) == 0) {
1507 kernel_vm_end = (kernel_vm_end + L2_SIZE) & ~L2_OFFSET;
1508 if (kernel_vm_end - 1 >= vm_map_max(kernel_map)) {
1509 kernel_vm_end = vm_map_max(kernel_map);
1515 nkpg = vm_page_alloc(NULL, kernel_vm_end >> L2_SHIFT,
1516 VM_ALLOC_INTERRUPT | VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_WIRED |
1519 panic("pmap_growkernel: no memory to grow kernel");
1520 if ((nkpg->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0) {
1521 pmap_zero_page(nkpg);
1523 paddr = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(nkpg);
1525 pn = (paddr / PAGE_SIZE);
1527 entry |= (pn << PTE_PPN0_S);
1528 pmap_store(l2, entry);
1530 pmap_invalidate_page(kernel_pmap, kernel_vm_end);
1532 kernel_vm_end = (kernel_vm_end + L2_SIZE) & ~L2_OFFSET;
1533 if (kernel_vm_end - 1 >= vm_map_max(kernel_map)) {
1534 kernel_vm_end = vm_map_max(kernel_map);
1541 /***************************************************
1542 * page management routines.
1543 ***************************************************/
1545 CTASSERT(sizeof(struct pv_chunk) == PAGE_SIZE);
1546 CTASSERT(_NPCM == 3);
1547 CTASSERT(_NPCPV == 168);
1549 static __inline struct pv_chunk *
1550 pv_to_chunk(pv_entry_t pv)
1553 return ((struct pv_chunk *)((uintptr_t)pv & ~(uintptr_t)PAGE_MASK));
1556 #define PV_PMAP(pv) (pv_to_chunk(pv)->pc_pmap)
1558 #define PC_FREE0 0xfffffffffffffffful
1559 #define PC_FREE1 0xfffffffffffffffful
1560 #define PC_FREE2 0x000000fffffffffful
1562 static const uint64_t pc_freemask[_NPCM] = { PC_FREE0, PC_FREE1, PC_FREE2 };
1566 static int pc_chunk_count, pc_chunk_allocs, pc_chunk_frees, pc_chunk_tryfail;
1568 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_count, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_count, 0,
1569 "Current number of pv entry chunks");
1570 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_allocs, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_allocs, 0,
1571 "Current number of pv entry chunks allocated");
1572 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_frees, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_frees, 0,
1573 "Current number of pv entry chunks frees");
1574 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pc_chunk_tryfail, CTLFLAG_RD, &pc_chunk_tryfail, 0,
1575 "Number of times tried to get a chunk page but failed.");
1577 static long pv_entry_frees, pv_entry_allocs, pv_entry_count;
1578 static int pv_entry_spare;
1580 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_frees, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_frees, 0,
1581 "Current number of pv entry frees");
1582 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_allocs, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_allocs, 0,
1583 "Current number of pv entry allocs");
1584 SYSCTL_LONG(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_count, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_count, 0,
1585 "Current number of pv entries");
1586 SYSCTL_INT(_vm_pmap, OID_AUTO, pv_entry_spare, CTLFLAG_RD, &pv_entry_spare, 0,
1587 "Current number of spare pv entries");
1592 * We are in a serious low memory condition. Resort to
1593 * drastic measures to free some pages so we can allocate
1594 * another pv entry chunk.
1596 * Returns NULL if PV entries were reclaimed from the specified pmap.
1598 * We do not, however, unmap 2mpages because subsequent accesses will
1599 * allocate per-page pv entries until repromotion occurs, thereby
1600 * exacerbating the shortage of free pv entries.
1603 reclaim_pv_chunk(pmap_t locked_pmap, struct rwlock **lockp)
1606 panic("RISCVTODO: reclaim_pv_chunk");
1610 * free the pv_entry back to the free list
1613 free_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, pv_entry_t pv)
1615 struct pv_chunk *pc;
1616 int idx, field, bit;
1618 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_LOCKED);
1619 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1620 PV_STAT(atomic_add_long(&pv_entry_frees, 1));
1621 PV_STAT(atomic_add_int(&pv_entry_spare, 1));
1622 PV_STAT(atomic_subtract_long(&pv_entry_count, 1));
1623 pc = pv_to_chunk(pv);
1624 idx = pv - &pc->pc_pventry[0];
1627 pc->pc_map[field] |= 1ul << bit;
1628 if (pc->pc_map[0] != PC_FREE0 || pc->pc_map[1] != PC_FREE1 ||
1629 pc->pc_map[2] != PC_FREE2) {
1630 /* 98% of the time, pc is already at the head of the list. */
1631 if (__predict_false(pc != TAILQ_FIRST(&pmap->pm_pvchunk))) {
1632 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1633 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1637 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1642 free_pv_chunk(struct pv_chunk *pc)
1646 mtx_lock(&pv_chunks_mutex);
1647 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pv_chunks, pc, pc_lru);
1648 mtx_unlock(&pv_chunks_mutex);
1649 PV_STAT(atomic_subtract_int(&pv_entry_spare, _NPCPV));
1650 PV_STAT(atomic_subtract_int(&pc_chunk_count, 1));
1651 PV_STAT(atomic_add_int(&pc_chunk_frees, 1));
1652 /* entire chunk is free, return it */
1653 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(DMAP_TO_PHYS((vm_offset_t)pc));
1654 dump_drop_page(m->phys_addr);
1655 vm_page_unwire_noq(m);
1660 * Returns a new PV entry, allocating a new PV chunk from the system when
1661 * needed. If this PV chunk allocation fails and a PV list lock pointer was
1662 * given, a PV chunk is reclaimed from an arbitrary pmap. Otherwise, NULL is
1665 * The given PV list lock may be released.
1668 get_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, struct rwlock **lockp)
1672 struct pv_chunk *pc;
1675 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_LOCKED);
1676 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1677 PV_STAT(atomic_add_long(&pv_entry_allocs, 1));
1679 pc = TAILQ_FIRST(&pmap->pm_pvchunk);
1681 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++) {
1682 if (pc->pc_map[field]) {
1683 bit = ffsl(pc->pc_map[field]) - 1;
1687 if (field < _NPCM) {
1688 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[field * 64 + bit];
1689 pc->pc_map[field] &= ~(1ul << bit);
1690 /* If this was the last item, move it to tail */
1691 if (pc->pc_map[0] == 0 && pc->pc_map[1] == 0 &&
1692 pc->pc_map[2] == 0) {
1693 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1694 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc,
1697 PV_STAT(atomic_add_long(&pv_entry_count, 1));
1698 PV_STAT(atomic_subtract_int(&pv_entry_spare, 1));
1702 /* No free items, allocate another chunk */
1703 m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ |
1706 if (lockp == NULL) {
1707 PV_STAT(pc_chunk_tryfail++);
1710 m = reclaim_pv_chunk(pmap, lockp);
1714 PV_STAT(atomic_add_int(&pc_chunk_count, 1));
1715 PV_STAT(atomic_add_int(&pc_chunk_allocs, 1));
1716 dump_add_page(m->phys_addr);
1717 pc = (void *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(m->phys_addr);
1719 pc->pc_map[0] = PC_FREE0 & ~1ul; /* preallocated bit 0 */
1720 pc->pc_map[1] = PC_FREE1;
1721 pc->pc_map[2] = PC_FREE2;
1722 mtx_lock(&pv_chunks_mutex);
1723 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pv_chunks, pc, pc_lru);
1724 mtx_unlock(&pv_chunks_mutex);
1725 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[0];
1726 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1727 PV_STAT(atomic_add_long(&pv_entry_count, 1));
1728 PV_STAT(atomic_add_int(&pv_entry_spare, _NPCPV - 1));
1733 * Ensure that the number of spare PV entries in the specified pmap meets or
1734 * exceeds the given count, "needed".
1736 * The given PV list lock may be released.
1739 reserve_pv_entries(pmap_t pmap, int needed, struct rwlock **lockp)
1741 struct pch new_tail;
1742 struct pv_chunk *pc;
1747 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_LOCKED);
1748 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1749 KASSERT(lockp != NULL, ("reserve_pv_entries: lockp is NULL"));
1752 * Newly allocated PV chunks must be stored in a private list until
1753 * the required number of PV chunks have been allocated. Otherwise,
1754 * reclaim_pv_chunk() could recycle one of these chunks. In
1755 * contrast, these chunks must be added to the pmap upon allocation.
1757 TAILQ_INIT(&new_tail);
1760 TAILQ_FOREACH(pc, &pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc_list) {
1761 bit_count((bitstr_t *)pc->pc_map, 0,
1762 sizeof(pc->pc_map) * NBBY, &free);
1766 if (avail >= needed)
1769 for (reclaimed = false; avail < needed; avail += _NPCPV) {
1770 m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL | VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ |
1773 m = reclaim_pv_chunk(pmap, lockp);
1780 dump_add_page(m->phys_addr);
1782 pc = (void *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(m->phys_addr);
1784 pc->pc_map[0] = PC_FREE0;
1785 pc->pc_map[1] = PC_FREE1;
1786 pc->pc_map[2] = PC_FREE2;
1787 TAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1788 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&new_tail, pc, pc_lru);
1791 * The reclaim might have freed a chunk from the current pmap.
1792 * If that chunk contained available entries, we need to
1793 * re-count the number of available entries.
1798 if (!TAILQ_EMPTY(&new_tail)) {
1799 mtx_lock(&pv_chunks_mutex);
1800 TAILQ_CONCAT(&pv_chunks, &new_tail, pc_lru);
1801 mtx_unlock(&pv_chunks_mutex);
1806 * First find and then remove the pv entry for the specified pmap and virtual
1807 * address from the specified pv list. Returns the pv entry if found and NULL
1808 * otherwise. This operation can be performed on pv lists for either 4KB or
1809 * 2MB page mappings.
1811 static __inline pv_entry_t
1812 pmap_pvh_remove(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1816 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_LOCKED);
1817 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_next) {
1818 if (pmap == PV_PMAP(pv) && va == pv->pv_va) {
1819 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_next);
1828 * First find and then destroy the pv entry for the specified pmap and virtual
1829 * address. This operation can be performed on pv lists for either 4KB or 2MB
1833 pmap_pvh_free(struct md_page *pvh, pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va)
1837 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(pvh, pmap, va);
1839 KASSERT(pv != NULL, ("pmap_pvh_free: pv not found for %#lx", va));
1840 free_pv_entry(pmap, pv);
1844 * Conditionally create the PV entry for a 4KB page mapping if the required
1845 * memory can be allocated without resorting to reclamation.
1848 pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m,
1849 struct rwlock **lockp)
1853 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_LOCKED);
1854 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1855 /* Pass NULL instead of the lock pointer to disable reclamation. */
1856 if ((pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, NULL)) != NULL) {
1858 CHANGE_PV_LIST_LOCK_TO_VM_PAGE(lockp, m);
1859 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
1867 * After demotion from a 2MB page mapping to 512 4KB page mappings,
1868 * destroy the pv entry for the 2MB page mapping and reinstantiate the pv
1869 * entries for each of the 4KB page mappings.
1871 static void __unused
1872 pmap_pv_demote_l2(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa,
1873 struct rwlock **lockp)
1875 struct md_page *pvh;
1876 struct pv_chunk *pc;
1879 vm_offset_t va_last;
1882 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_LOCKED);
1883 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1884 CHANGE_PV_LIST_LOCK_TO_PHYS(lockp, pa);
1887 * Transfer the 2mpage's pv entry for this mapping to the first
1888 * page's pv list. Once this transfer begins, the pv list lock
1889 * must not be released until the last pv entry is reinstantiated.
1891 pvh = pa_to_pvh(pa);
1893 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(pvh, pmap, va);
1894 KASSERT(pv != NULL, ("pmap_pv_demote_l2: pv not found"));
1895 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
1896 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
1898 /* Instantiate the remaining 511 pv entries. */
1899 va_last = va + L2_SIZE - PAGE_SIZE;
1901 pc = TAILQ_FIRST(&pmap->pm_pvchunk);
1902 KASSERT(pc->pc_map[0] != 0 || pc->pc_map[1] != 0 ||
1903 pc->pc_map[2] != 0, ("pmap_pv_demote_l2: missing spare"));
1904 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++) {
1905 while (pc->pc_map[field] != 0) {
1906 bit = ffsl(pc->pc_map[field]) - 1;
1907 pc->pc_map[field] &= ~(1ul << bit);
1908 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[field * 64 + bit];
1912 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
1913 ("pmap_pv_demote_l2: page %p is not managed", m));
1914 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
1920 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1921 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1924 if (pc->pc_map[0] == 0 && pc->pc_map[1] == 0 && pc->pc_map[2] == 0) {
1925 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1926 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
1931 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
1933 pmap_pv_promote_l2(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_paddr_t pa,
1934 struct rwlock **lockp)
1936 struct md_page *pvh;
1939 vm_offset_t va_last;
1941 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_LOCKED);
1942 KASSERT((va & L2_OFFSET) == 0,
1943 ("pmap_pv_promote_l2: misaligned va %#lx", va));
1945 CHANGE_PV_LIST_LOCK_TO_PHYS(lockp, pa);
1947 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
1948 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(&m->md, pmap, va);
1949 KASSERT(pv != NULL, ("pmap_pv_promote_l2: pv for %#lx not found", va));
1950 pvh = pa_to_pvh(pa);
1951 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_next);
1954 va_last = va + L2_SIZE - PAGE_SIZE;
1958 pmap_pvh_free(&m->md, pmap, va);
1959 } while (va < va_last);
1961 #endif /* VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0 */
1964 * Create the PV entry for a 2MB page mapping. Always returns true unless the
1965 * flag PMAP_ENTER_NORECLAIM is specified. If that flag is specified, returns
1966 * false if the PV entry cannot be allocated without resorting to reclamation.
1969 pmap_pv_insert_l2(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t l2e, u_int flags,
1970 struct rwlock **lockp)
1972 struct md_page *pvh;
1976 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
1977 /* Pass NULL instead of the lock pointer to disable reclamation. */
1978 if ((pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, (flags & PMAP_ENTER_NORECLAIM) != 0 ?
1979 NULL : lockp)) == NULL)
1982 pa = PTE_TO_PHYS(l2e);
1983 CHANGE_PV_LIST_LOCK_TO_PHYS(lockp, pa);
1984 pvh = pa_to_pvh(pa);
1985 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_next);
1991 pmap_remove_kernel_l2(pmap_t pmap, pt_entry_t *l2, vm_offset_t va)
1993 pt_entry_t newl2, oldl2;
1997 KASSERT(!VIRT_IN_DMAP(va), ("removing direct mapping of %#lx", va));
1998 KASSERT(pmap == kernel_pmap, ("pmap %p is not kernel_pmap", pmap));
1999 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2001 ml3 = pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, va);
2003 panic("pmap_remove_kernel_l2: Missing pt page");
2005 ml3pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(ml3);
2006 newl2 = ml3pa | PTE_V;
2009 * If this page table page was unmapped by a promotion, then it
2010 * contains valid mappings. Zero it to invalidate those mappings.
2012 if (ml3->valid != 0)
2013 pagezero((void *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(ml3pa));
2016 * Demote the mapping.
2018 oldl2 = pmap_load_store(l2, newl2);
2019 KASSERT(oldl2 == 0, ("%s: found existing mapping at %p: %#lx",
2020 __func__, l2, oldl2));
2024 * pmap_remove_l2: Do the things to unmap a level 2 superpage.
2027 pmap_remove_l2(pmap_t pmap, pt_entry_t *l2, vm_offset_t sva,
2028 pd_entry_t l1e, struct spglist *free, struct rwlock **lockp)
2030 struct md_page *pvh;
2032 vm_offset_t eva, va;
2035 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2036 KASSERT((sva & L2_OFFSET) == 0, ("pmap_remove_l2: sva is not aligned"));
2037 oldl2 = pmap_load_clear(l2);
2038 KASSERT((oldl2 & PTE_RWX) != 0,
2039 ("pmap_remove_l2: L2e %lx is not a superpage mapping", oldl2));
2042 * The sfence.vma documentation states that it is sufficient to specify
2043 * a single address within a superpage mapping. However, since we do
2044 * not perform any invalidation upon promotion, TLBs may still be
2045 * caching 4KB mappings within the superpage, so we must invalidate the
2048 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap, sva, sva + L2_SIZE);
2049 if ((oldl2 & PTE_SW_WIRED) != 0)
2050 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count -= L2_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE;
2051 pmap_resident_count_dec(pmap, L2_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE);
2052 if ((oldl2 & PTE_SW_MANAGED) != 0) {
2053 CHANGE_PV_LIST_LOCK_TO_PHYS(lockp, PTE_TO_PHYS(oldl2));
2054 pvh = pa_to_pvh(PTE_TO_PHYS(oldl2));
2055 pmap_pvh_free(pvh, pmap, sva);
2056 eva = sva + L2_SIZE;
2057 for (va = sva, m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(PTE_TO_PHYS(oldl2));
2058 va < eva; va += PAGE_SIZE, m++) {
2059 if ((oldl2 & PTE_D) != 0)
2061 if ((oldl2 & PTE_A) != 0)
2062 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_REFERENCED);
2063 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) &&
2064 TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list))
2065 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
2068 if (pmap == kernel_pmap) {
2069 pmap_remove_kernel_l2(pmap, l2, sva);
2071 ml3 = pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, sva);
2073 KASSERT(ml3->valid == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL,
2074 ("pmap_remove_l2: l3 page not promoted"));
2075 pmap_resident_count_dec(pmap, 1);
2076 KASSERT(ml3->wire_count == Ln_ENTRIES,
2077 ("pmap_remove_l2: l3 page wire count error"));
2078 ml3->wire_count = 1;
2079 vm_page_unwire_noq(ml3);
2080 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(ml3, free, FALSE);
2083 return (pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, sva, l1e, free));
2087 * pmap_remove_l3: do the things to unmap a page in a process
2090 pmap_remove_l3(pmap_t pmap, pt_entry_t *l3, vm_offset_t va,
2091 pd_entry_t l2e, struct spglist *free, struct rwlock **lockp)
2093 struct md_page *pvh;
2098 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2099 old_l3 = pmap_load_clear(l3);
2100 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
2101 if (old_l3 & PTE_SW_WIRED)
2102 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count -= 1;
2103 pmap_resident_count_dec(pmap, 1);
2104 if (old_l3 & PTE_SW_MANAGED) {
2105 phys = PTE_TO_PHYS(old_l3);
2106 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(phys);
2107 if ((old_l3 & PTE_D) != 0)
2110 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_REFERENCED);
2111 CHANGE_PV_LIST_LOCK_TO_VM_PAGE(lockp, m);
2112 pmap_pvh_free(&m->md, pmap, va);
2113 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) &&
2114 (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
2115 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
2116 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list))
2117 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
2121 return (pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, va, l2e, free));
2125 * Remove the given range of addresses from the specified map.
2127 * It is assumed that the start and end are properly
2128 * rounded to the page size.
2131 pmap_remove(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
2133 struct spglist free;
2134 struct rwlock *lock;
2135 vm_offset_t va, va_next;
2136 pd_entry_t *l1, *l2, l2e;
2140 * Perform an unsynchronized read. This is, however, safe.
2142 if (pmap->pm_stats.resident_count == 0)
2147 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
2151 for (; sva < eva; sva = va_next) {
2152 if (pmap->pm_stats.resident_count == 0)
2155 l1 = pmap_l1(pmap, sva);
2156 if (pmap_load(l1) == 0) {
2157 va_next = (sva + L1_SIZE) & ~L1_OFFSET;
2164 * Calculate index for next page table.
2166 va_next = (sva + L2_SIZE) & ~L2_OFFSET;
2170 l2 = pmap_l1_to_l2(l1, sva);
2173 if ((l2e = pmap_load(l2)) == 0)
2175 if ((l2e & PTE_RWX) != 0) {
2176 if (sva + L2_SIZE == va_next && eva >= va_next) {
2177 (void)pmap_remove_l2(pmap, l2, sva,
2178 pmap_load(l1), &free, &lock);
2180 } else if (!pmap_demote_l2_locked(pmap, l2, sva,
2183 * The large page mapping was destroyed.
2187 l2e = pmap_load(l2);
2191 * Limit our scan to either the end of the va represented
2192 * by the current page table page, or to the end of the
2193 * range being removed.
2199 for (l3 = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, sva); sva != va_next; l3++,
2201 if (pmap_load(l3) == 0) {
2202 if (va != va_next) {
2203 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap, va, sva);
2210 if (pmap_remove_l3(pmap, l3, sva, l2e, &free, &lock)) {
2216 pmap_invalidate_range(pmap, va, sva);
2220 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
2222 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, false);
2226 * Routine: pmap_remove_all
2228 * Removes this physical page from
2229 * all physical maps in which it resides.
2230 * Reflects back modify bits to the pager.
2233 * Original versions of this routine were very
2234 * inefficient because they iteratively called
2235 * pmap_remove (slow...)
2239 pmap_remove_all(vm_page_t m)
2241 struct spglist free;
2242 struct md_page *pvh;
2244 pt_entry_t *l3, l3e;
2245 pd_entry_t *l2, l2e;
2249 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
2250 ("pmap_remove_all: page %p is not managed", m));
2252 pvh = (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0 ? &pv_dummy :
2253 pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
2255 rw_wlock(&pvh_global_lock);
2256 while ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&pvh->pv_list)) != NULL) {
2260 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, va);
2261 (void)pmap_demote_l2(pmap, l2, va);
2264 while ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&m->md.pv_list)) != NULL) {
2267 pmap_resident_count_dec(pmap, 1);
2268 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, pv->pv_va);
2269 KASSERT(l2 != NULL, ("pmap_remove_all: no l2 table found"));
2270 l2e = pmap_load(l2);
2272 KASSERT((l2e & PTE_RX) == 0,
2273 ("pmap_remove_all: found a superpage in %p's pv list", m));
2275 l3 = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, pv->pv_va);
2276 l3e = pmap_load_clear(l3);
2277 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
2278 if (l3e & PTE_SW_WIRED)
2279 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
2280 if ((l3e & PTE_A) != 0)
2281 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_REFERENCED);
2284 * Update the vm_page_t clean and reference bits.
2286 if ((l3e & PTE_D) != 0)
2288 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, pv->pv_va, pmap_load(l2), &free);
2289 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
2291 free_pv_entry(pmap, pv);
2294 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
2295 rw_wunlock(&pvh_global_lock);
2296 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, false);
2300 * Set the physical protection on the
2301 * specified range of this map as requested.
2304 pmap_protect(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva, vm_prot_t prot)
2306 pd_entry_t *l1, *l2, l2e;
2307 pt_entry_t *l3, l3e, mask;
2310 vm_offset_t va, va_next;
2311 bool anychanged, pv_lists_locked;
2313 if ((prot & VM_PROT_READ) == VM_PROT_NONE) {
2314 pmap_remove(pmap, sva, eva);
2318 if ((prot & (VM_PROT_WRITE | VM_PROT_EXECUTE)) ==
2319 (VM_PROT_WRITE | VM_PROT_EXECUTE))
2323 pv_lists_locked = false;
2325 if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0)
2326 mask |= PTE_W | PTE_D;
2327 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) == 0)
2331 for (; sva < eva; sva = va_next) {
2332 l1 = pmap_l1(pmap, sva);
2333 if (pmap_load(l1) == 0) {
2334 va_next = (sva + L1_SIZE) & ~L1_OFFSET;
2340 va_next = (sva + L2_SIZE) & ~L2_OFFSET;
2344 l2 = pmap_l1_to_l2(l1, sva);
2345 if (l2 == NULL || (l2e = pmap_load(l2)) == 0)
2347 if ((l2e & PTE_RWX) != 0) {
2348 if (sva + L2_SIZE == va_next && eva >= va_next) {
2350 if ((l2e & (PTE_SW_MANAGED | PTE_D)) ==
2351 (PTE_SW_MANAGED | PTE_D)) {
2352 pa = PTE_TO_PHYS(l2e);
2353 for (va = sva, m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa);
2354 va < va_next; m++, va += PAGE_SIZE)
2357 if (!atomic_fcmpset_long(l2, &l2e, l2e & ~mask))
2361 if (!pv_lists_locked) {
2362 pv_lists_locked = true;
2363 if (!rw_try_rlock(&pvh_global_lock)) {
2365 pmap_invalidate_all(
2368 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
2372 if (!pmap_demote_l2(pmap, l2, sva)) {
2374 * The large page mapping was destroyed.
2384 for (l3 = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, sva); sva != va_next; l3++,
2386 l3e = pmap_load(l3);
2388 if ((l3e & PTE_V) == 0)
2390 if ((prot & VM_PROT_WRITE) == 0 &&
2391 (l3e & (PTE_SW_MANAGED | PTE_D)) ==
2392 (PTE_SW_MANAGED | PTE_D)) {
2393 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(PTE_TO_PHYS(l3e));
2396 if (!atomic_fcmpset_long(l3, &l3e, l3e & ~mask))
2402 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
2403 if (pv_lists_locked)
2404 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
2409 pmap_fault_fixup(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_prot_t ftype)
2411 pd_entry_t *l2, l2e;
2412 pt_entry_t bits, *pte, oldpte;
2417 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, va);
2418 if (l2 == NULL || ((l2e = pmap_load(l2)) & PTE_V) == 0)
2420 if ((l2e & PTE_RWX) == 0) {
2421 pte = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, va);
2422 if (pte == NULL || ((oldpte = pmap_load(pte) & PTE_V)) == 0)
2429 if ((pmap != kernel_pmap && (oldpte & PTE_U) == 0) ||
2430 (ftype == VM_PROT_WRITE && (oldpte & PTE_W) == 0) ||
2431 (ftype == VM_PROT_EXECUTE && (oldpte & PTE_X) == 0) ||
2432 (ftype == VM_PROT_READ && (oldpte & PTE_R) == 0))
2436 if (ftype == VM_PROT_WRITE)
2440 * Spurious faults can occur if the implementation caches invalid
2441 * entries in the TLB, or if simultaneous accesses on multiple CPUs
2442 * race with each other.
2444 if ((oldpte & bits) != bits)
2445 pmap_store_bits(pte, bits);
2454 pmap_demote_l2(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *l2, vm_offset_t va)
2456 struct rwlock *lock;
2460 rv = pmap_demote_l2_locked(pmap, l2, va, &lock);
2467 * Tries to demote a 2MB page mapping. If demotion fails, the 2MB page
2468 * mapping is invalidated.
2471 pmap_demote_l2_locked(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *l2, vm_offset_t va,
2472 struct rwlock **lockp)
2474 struct spglist free;
2476 pd_entry_t newl2, oldl2;
2477 pt_entry_t *firstl3, newl3;
2481 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2483 oldl2 = pmap_load(l2);
2484 KASSERT((oldl2 & PTE_RWX) != 0,
2485 ("pmap_demote_l2_locked: oldl2 is not a leaf entry"));
2486 if ((oldl2 & PTE_A) == 0 || (mpte = pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, va)) ==
2488 if ((oldl2 & PTE_A) == 0 || (mpte = vm_page_alloc(NULL,
2489 pmap_l2_pindex(va), (VIRT_IN_DMAP(va) ? VM_ALLOC_INTERRUPT :
2490 VM_ALLOC_NORMAL) | VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_WIRED)) ==
2493 (void)pmap_remove_l2(pmap, l2, va & ~L2_OFFSET,
2494 pmap_load(pmap_l1(pmap, va)), &free, lockp);
2495 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, true);
2496 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_demote_l2_locked: "
2497 "failure for va %#lx in pmap %p", va, pmap);
2500 if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) {
2501 mpte->wire_count = Ln_ENTRIES;
2502 pmap_resident_count_inc(pmap, 1);
2505 mptepa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(mpte);
2506 firstl3 = (pt_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(mptepa);
2507 newl2 = ((mptepa / PAGE_SIZE) << PTE_PPN0_S) | PTE_V;
2508 KASSERT((oldl2 & PTE_A) != 0,
2509 ("pmap_demote_l2_locked: oldl2 is missing PTE_A"));
2510 KASSERT((oldl2 & (PTE_D | PTE_W)) != PTE_W,
2511 ("pmap_demote_l2_locked: oldl2 is missing PTE_D"));
2515 * If the page table page is not leftover from an earlier promotion,
2518 if (mpte->valid == 0) {
2519 for (i = 0; i < Ln_ENTRIES; i++)
2520 pmap_store(firstl3 + i, newl3 + (i << PTE_PPN0_S));
2522 KASSERT(PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(firstl3)) == PTE_TO_PHYS(newl3),
2523 ("pmap_demote_l2_locked: firstl3 and newl3 map different physical "
2527 * If the mapping has changed attributes, update the page table
2530 if ((pmap_load(firstl3) & PTE_PROMOTE) != (newl3 & PTE_PROMOTE))
2531 for (i = 0; i < Ln_ENTRIES; i++)
2532 pmap_store(firstl3 + i, newl3 + (i << PTE_PPN0_S));
2535 * The spare PV entries must be reserved prior to demoting the
2536 * mapping, that is, prior to changing the L2 entry. Otherwise, the
2537 * state of the L2 entry and the PV lists will be inconsistent, which
2538 * can result in reclaim_pv_chunk() attempting to remove a PV entry from
2539 * the wrong PV list and pmap_pv_demote_l2() failing to find the
2540 * expected PV entry for the 2MB page mapping that is being demoted.
2542 if ((oldl2 & PTE_SW_MANAGED) != 0)
2543 reserve_pv_entries(pmap, Ln_ENTRIES - 1, lockp);
2546 * Demote the mapping.
2548 pmap_store(l2, newl2);
2551 * Demote the PV entry.
2553 if ((oldl2 & PTE_SW_MANAGED) != 0)
2554 pmap_pv_demote_l2(pmap, va, PTE_TO_PHYS(oldl2), lockp);
2556 atomic_add_long(&pmap_l2_demotions, 1);
2557 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_demote_l2_locked: success for va %#lx in pmap %p",
2562 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
2564 pmap_promote_l2(pmap_t pmap, pd_entry_t *l2, vm_offset_t va,
2565 struct rwlock **lockp)
2567 pt_entry_t *firstl3, *l3;
2571 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2574 KASSERT((pmap_load(l2) & PTE_RWX) == 0,
2575 ("pmap_promote_l2: invalid l2 entry %p", l2));
2577 firstl3 = (pt_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l2)));
2578 pa = PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(firstl3));
2579 if ((pa & L2_OFFSET) != 0) {
2580 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_l2: failure for va %#lx pmap %p",
2582 atomic_add_long(&pmap_l2_p_failures, 1);
2587 for (l3 = firstl3 + 1; l3 < firstl3 + Ln_ENTRIES; l3++) {
2588 if (PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l3)) != pa) {
2590 "pmap_promote_l2: failure for va %#lx pmap %p",
2592 atomic_add_long(&pmap_l2_p_failures, 1);
2595 if ((pmap_load(l3) & PTE_PROMOTE) !=
2596 (pmap_load(firstl3) & PTE_PROMOTE)) {
2598 "pmap_promote_l2: failure for va %#lx pmap %p",
2600 atomic_add_long(&pmap_l2_p_failures, 1);
2606 ml3 = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l2)));
2607 KASSERT(ml3->pindex == pmap_l2_pindex(va),
2608 ("pmap_promote_l2: page table page's pindex is wrong"));
2609 if (pmap_insert_pt_page(pmap, ml3, true)) {
2610 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_l2: failure for va %#lx pmap %p",
2612 atomic_add_long(&pmap_l2_p_failures, 1);
2616 if ((pmap_load(firstl3) & PTE_SW_MANAGED) != 0)
2617 pmap_pv_promote_l2(pmap, va, PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(firstl3)),
2620 pmap_store(l2, pmap_load(firstl3));
2622 atomic_add_long(&pmap_l2_promotions, 1);
2623 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_promote_l2: success for va %#lx in pmap %p", va,
2629 * Insert the given physical page (p) at
2630 * the specified virtual address (v) in the
2631 * target physical map with the protection requested.
2633 * If specified, the page will be wired down, meaning
2634 * that the related pte can not be reclaimed.
2636 * NB: This is the only routine which MAY NOT lazy-evaluate
2637 * or lose information. That is, this routine must actually
2638 * insert this page into the given map NOW.
2641 pmap_enter(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot,
2642 u_int flags, int8_t psind)
2644 struct rwlock *lock;
2645 pd_entry_t *l1, *l2, l2e;
2646 pt_entry_t new_l3, orig_l3;
2649 vm_paddr_t opa, pa, l2_pa, l3_pa;
2650 vm_page_t mpte, om, l2_m, l3_m;
2652 pn_t l2_pn, l3_pn, pn;
2656 va = trunc_page(va);
2657 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0 && !vm_page_xbusied(m))
2658 VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_LOCKED(m->object);
2659 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
2660 pn = (pa / PAGE_SIZE);
2662 new_l3 = PTE_V | PTE_R | PTE_A;
2663 if (prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE)
2665 if (flags & VM_PROT_WRITE)
2667 if (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE)
2669 if (va < VM_MAX_USER_ADDRESS)
2672 new_l3 |= (pn << PTE_PPN0_S);
2673 if ((flags & PMAP_ENTER_WIRED) != 0)
2674 new_l3 |= PTE_SW_WIRED;
2677 * Set modified bit gratuitously for writeable mappings if
2678 * the page is unmanaged. We do not want to take a fault
2679 * to do the dirty bit accounting for these mappings.
2681 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) != 0) {
2682 if (prot & VM_PROT_WRITE)
2685 new_l3 |= PTE_SW_MANAGED;
2687 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter: %.16lx -> %.16lx", va, pa);
2691 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
2694 /* Assert the required virtual and physical alignment. */
2695 KASSERT((va & L2_OFFSET) == 0,
2696 ("pmap_enter: va %#lx unaligned", va));
2697 KASSERT(m->psind > 0, ("pmap_enter: m->psind < psind"));
2698 rv = pmap_enter_l2(pmap, va, new_l3, flags, m, &lock);
2702 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, va);
2703 if (l2 != NULL && ((l2e = pmap_load(l2)) & PTE_V) != 0 &&
2704 ((l2e & PTE_RWX) == 0 || pmap_demote_l2_locked(pmap, l2,
2706 l3 = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, va);
2707 if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) {
2708 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l2)));
2711 } else if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) {
2712 nosleep = (flags & PMAP_ENTER_NOSLEEP) != 0;
2713 mpte = pmap_alloc_l3(pmap, va, nosleep ? NULL : &lock);
2714 if (mpte == NULL && nosleep) {
2715 CTR0(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter: mpte == NULL");
2718 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
2720 return (KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE);
2722 l3 = pmap_l3(pmap, va);
2724 l3 = pmap_l3(pmap, va);
2725 /* TODO: This is not optimal, but should mostly work */
2728 l2_m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL |
2729 VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_WIRED |
2732 panic("pmap_enter: l2 pte_m == NULL");
2733 if ((l2_m->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
2734 pmap_zero_page(l2_m);
2736 l2_pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(l2_m);
2737 l2_pn = (l2_pa / PAGE_SIZE);
2739 l1 = pmap_l1(pmap, va);
2741 entry |= (l2_pn << PTE_PPN0_S);
2742 pmap_store(l1, entry);
2743 pmap_distribute_l1(pmap, pmap_l1_index(va), entry);
2744 l2 = pmap_l1_to_l2(l1, va);
2747 l3_m = vm_page_alloc(NULL, 0, VM_ALLOC_NORMAL |
2748 VM_ALLOC_NOOBJ | VM_ALLOC_WIRED | VM_ALLOC_ZERO);
2750 panic("pmap_enter: l3 pte_m == NULL");
2751 if ((l3_m->flags & PG_ZERO) == 0)
2752 pmap_zero_page(l3_m);
2754 l3_pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(l3_m);
2755 l3_pn = (l3_pa / PAGE_SIZE);
2757 entry |= (l3_pn << PTE_PPN0_S);
2758 pmap_store(l2, entry);
2759 l3 = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, va);
2761 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
2764 orig_l3 = pmap_load(l3);
2765 opa = PTE_TO_PHYS(orig_l3);
2769 * Is the specified virtual address already mapped?
2771 if ((orig_l3 & PTE_V) != 0) {
2773 * Wiring change, just update stats. We don't worry about
2774 * wiring PT pages as they remain resident as long as there
2775 * are valid mappings in them. Hence, if a user page is wired,
2776 * the PT page will be also.
2778 if ((flags & PMAP_ENTER_WIRED) != 0 &&
2779 (orig_l3 & PTE_SW_WIRED) == 0)
2780 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count++;
2781 else if ((flags & PMAP_ENTER_WIRED) == 0 &&
2782 (orig_l3 & PTE_SW_WIRED) != 0)
2783 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
2786 * Remove the extra PT page reference.
2790 KASSERT(mpte->wire_count > 0,
2791 ("pmap_enter: missing reference to page table page,"
2796 * Has the physical page changed?
2800 * No, might be a protection or wiring change.
2802 if ((orig_l3 & PTE_SW_MANAGED) != 0 &&
2803 (new_l3 & PTE_W) != 0)
2804 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
2809 * The physical page has changed. Temporarily invalidate
2810 * the mapping. This ensures that all threads sharing the
2811 * pmap keep a consistent view of the mapping, which is
2812 * necessary for the correct handling of COW faults. It
2813 * also permits reuse of the old mapping's PV entry,
2814 * avoiding an allocation.
2816 * For consistency, handle unmanaged mappings the same way.
2818 orig_l3 = pmap_load_clear(l3);
2819 KASSERT(PTE_TO_PHYS(orig_l3) == opa,
2820 ("pmap_enter: unexpected pa update for %#lx", va));
2821 if ((orig_l3 & PTE_SW_MANAGED) != 0) {
2822 om = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(opa);
2825 * The pmap lock is sufficient to synchronize with
2826 * concurrent calls to pmap_page_test_mappings() and
2827 * pmap_ts_referenced().
2829 if ((orig_l3 & PTE_D) != 0)
2831 if ((orig_l3 & PTE_A) != 0)
2832 vm_page_aflag_set(om, PGA_REFERENCED);
2833 CHANGE_PV_LIST_LOCK_TO_PHYS(&lock, opa);
2834 pv = pmap_pvh_remove(&om->md, pmap, va);
2836 ("pmap_enter: no PV entry for %#lx", va));
2837 if ((new_l3 & PTE_SW_MANAGED) == 0)
2838 free_pv_entry(pmap, pv);
2839 if ((om->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) != 0 &&
2840 TAILQ_EMPTY(&om->md.pv_list) &&
2841 ((om->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0 ||
2842 TAILQ_EMPTY(&pa_to_pvh(opa)->pv_list)))
2843 vm_page_aflag_clear(om, PGA_WRITEABLE);
2845 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
2849 * Increment the counters.
2851 if ((new_l3 & PTE_SW_WIRED) != 0)
2852 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count++;
2853 pmap_resident_count_inc(pmap, 1);
2856 * Enter on the PV list if part of our managed memory.
2858 if ((new_l3 & PTE_SW_MANAGED) != 0) {
2860 pv = get_pv_entry(pmap, &lock);
2863 CHANGE_PV_LIST_LOCK_TO_PHYS(&lock, pa);
2864 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
2866 if ((new_l3 & PTE_W) != 0)
2867 vm_page_aflag_set(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
2872 * Sync the i-cache on all harts before updating the PTE
2873 * if the new PTE is executable.
2875 if (prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE)
2876 pmap_sync_icache(pmap, va, PAGE_SIZE);
2879 * Update the L3 entry.
2882 orig_l3 = pmap_load_store(l3, new_l3);
2883 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
2884 KASSERT(PTE_TO_PHYS(orig_l3) == pa,
2885 ("pmap_enter: invalid update"));
2886 if ((orig_l3 & (PTE_D | PTE_SW_MANAGED)) ==
2887 (PTE_D | PTE_SW_MANAGED))
2890 pmap_store(l3, new_l3);
2893 #if VM_NRESERVLEVEL > 0
2894 if (mpte != NULL && mpte->wire_count == Ln_ENTRIES &&
2895 pmap_ps_enabled(pmap) &&
2896 (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0 &&
2897 vm_reserv_level_iffullpop(m) == 0)
2898 pmap_promote_l2(pmap, l2, va, &lock);
2905 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
2911 * Tries to create a read- and/or execute-only 2MB page mapping. Returns true
2912 * if successful. Returns false if (1) a page table page cannot be allocated
2913 * without sleeping, (2) a mapping already exists at the specified virtual
2914 * address, or (3) a PV entry cannot be allocated without reclaiming another
2918 pmap_enter_2mpage(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot,
2919 struct rwlock **lockp)
2924 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2926 pn = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) / PAGE_SIZE;
2927 new_l2 = (pd_entry_t)((pn << PTE_PPN0_S) | PTE_R | PTE_V);
2928 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0)
2929 new_l2 |= PTE_SW_MANAGED;
2930 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) != 0)
2932 if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS)
2934 return (pmap_enter_l2(pmap, va, new_l2, PMAP_ENTER_NOSLEEP |
2935 PMAP_ENTER_NOREPLACE | PMAP_ENTER_NORECLAIM, NULL, lockp) ==
2940 * Tries to create the specified 2MB page mapping. Returns KERN_SUCCESS if
2941 * the mapping was created, and either KERN_FAILURE or KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE
2942 * otherwise. Returns KERN_FAILURE if PMAP_ENTER_NOREPLACE was specified and
2943 * a mapping already exists at the specified virtual address. Returns
2944 * KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE if PMAP_ENTER_NOSLEEP was specified and a page table
2945 * page allocation failed. Returns KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE if
2946 * PMAP_ENTER_NORECLAIM was specified and a PV entry allocation failed.
2948 * The parameter "m" is only used when creating a managed, writeable mapping.
2951 pmap_enter_l2(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t new_l2, u_int flags,
2952 vm_page_t m, struct rwlock **lockp)
2954 struct spglist free;
2955 pd_entry_t *l2, *l3, oldl2;
2959 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
2961 if ((l2pg = pmap_alloc_l2(pmap, va, (flags & PMAP_ENTER_NOSLEEP) != 0 ?
2962 NULL : lockp)) == NULL) {
2963 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter_l2: failure for va %#lx in pmap %p",
2965 return (KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE);
2968 l2 = (pd_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(l2pg));
2969 l2 = &l2[pmap_l2_index(va)];
2970 if ((oldl2 = pmap_load(l2)) != 0) {
2971 KASSERT(l2pg->wire_count > 1,
2972 ("pmap_enter_l2: l2pg's wire count is too low"));
2973 if ((flags & PMAP_ENTER_NOREPLACE) != 0) {
2976 "pmap_enter_l2: failure for va %#lx in pmap %p",
2978 return (KERN_FAILURE);
2981 if ((oldl2 & PTE_RWX) != 0)
2982 (void)pmap_remove_l2(pmap, l2, va,
2983 pmap_load(pmap_l1(pmap, va)), &free, lockp);
2985 for (sva = va; sva < va + L2_SIZE; sva += PAGE_SIZE) {
2986 l3 = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, sva);
2987 if ((pmap_load(l3) & PTE_V) != 0 &&
2988 pmap_remove_l3(pmap, l3, sva, oldl2, &free,
2992 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, true);
2993 if (va >= VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) {
2995 * Both pmap_remove_l2() and pmap_remove_l3() will
2996 * leave the kernel page table page zero filled.
2998 mt = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l2)));
2999 if (pmap_insert_pt_page(pmap, mt, false))
3000 panic("pmap_enter_l2: trie insert failed");
3002 KASSERT(pmap_load(l2) == 0,
3003 ("pmap_enter_l2: non-zero L2 entry %p", l2));
3006 if ((new_l2 & PTE_SW_MANAGED) != 0) {
3008 * Abort this mapping if its PV entry could not be created.
3010 if (!pmap_pv_insert_l2(pmap, va, new_l2, flags, lockp)) {
3012 if (pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap, va, l2pg, &free)) {
3014 * Although "va" is not mapped, paging-structure
3015 * caches could nonetheless have entries that
3016 * refer to the freed page table pages.
3017 * Invalidate those entries.
3019 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
3020 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, true);
3023 "pmap_enter_l2: failure for va %#lx in pmap %p",
3025 return (KERN_RESOURCE_SHORTAGE);
3027 if ((new_l2 & PTE_W) != 0)
3028 for (mt = m; mt < &m[L2_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE]; mt++)
3029 vm_page_aflag_set(mt, PGA_WRITEABLE);
3033 * Increment counters.
3035 if ((new_l2 & PTE_SW_WIRED) != 0)
3036 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count += L2_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE;
3037 pmap->pm_stats.resident_count += L2_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE;
3040 * Map the superpage.
3042 pmap_store(l2, new_l2);
3044 atomic_add_long(&pmap_l2_mappings, 1);
3045 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter_l2: success for va %#lx in pmap %p",
3048 return (KERN_SUCCESS);
3052 * Maps a sequence of resident pages belonging to the same object.
3053 * The sequence begins with the given page m_start. This page is
3054 * mapped at the given virtual address start. Each subsequent page is
3055 * mapped at a virtual address that is offset from start by the same
3056 * amount as the page is offset from m_start within the object. The
3057 * last page in the sequence is the page with the largest offset from
3058 * m_start that can be mapped at a virtual address less than the given
3059 * virtual address end. Not every virtual page between start and end
3060 * is mapped; only those for which a resident page exists with the
3061 * corresponding offset from m_start are mapped.
3064 pmap_enter_object(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t start, vm_offset_t end,
3065 vm_page_t m_start, vm_prot_t prot)
3067 struct rwlock *lock;
3070 vm_pindex_t diff, psize;
3072 VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_LOCKED(m_start->object);
3074 psize = atop(end - start);
3078 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3080 while (m != NULL && (diff = m->pindex - m_start->pindex) < psize) {
3081 va = start + ptoa(diff);
3082 if ((va & L2_OFFSET) == 0 && va + L2_SIZE <= end &&
3083 m->psind == 1 && pmap_ps_enabled(pmap) &&
3084 pmap_enter_2mpage(pmap, va, m, prot, &lock))
3085 m = &m[L2_SIZE / PAGE_SIZE - 1];
3087 mpte = pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap, va, m, prot, mpte,
3089 m = TAILQ_NEXT(m, listq);
3093 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3098 * this code makes some *MAJOR* assumptions:
3099 * 1. Current pmap & pmap exists.
3102 * 4. No page table pages.
3103 * but is *MUCH* faster than pmap_enter...
3107 pmap_enter_quick(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m, vm_prot_t prot)
3109 struct rwlock *lock;
3112 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3114 (void)pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap, va, m, prot, NULL, &lock);
3117 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3122 pmap_enter_quick_locked(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_page_t m,
3123 vm_prot_t prot, vm_page_t mpte, struct rwlock **lockp)
3125 struct spglist free;
3128 pt_entry_t *l3, newl3;
3130 KASSERT(va < kmi.clean_sva || va >= kmi.clean_eva ||
3131 (m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) != 0,
3132 ("pmap_enter_quick_locked: managed mapping within the clean submap"));
3133 rw_assert(&pvh_global_lock, RA_LOCKED);
3134 PMAP_LOCK_ASSERT(pmap, MA_OWNED);
3136 CTR2(KTR_PMAP, "pmap_enter_quick_locked: %p %lx", pmap, va);
3138 * In the case that a page table page is not
3139 * resident, we are creating it here.
3141 if (va < VM_MAXUSER_ADDRESS) {
3142 vm_pindex_t l2pindex;
3145 * Calculate pagetable page index
3147 l2pindex = pmap_l2_pindex(va);
3148 if (mpte && (mpte->pindex == l2pindex)) {
3154 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, va);
3157 * If the page table page is mapped, we just increment
3158 * the hold count, and activate it. Otherwise, we
3159 * attempt to allocate a page table page. If this
3160 * attempt fails, we don't retry. Instead, we give up.
3162 if (l2 != NULL && pmap_load(l2) != 0) {
3163 phys = PTE_TO_PHYS(pmap_load(l2));
3164 mpte = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(phys);
3168 * Pass NULL instead of the PV list lock
3169 * pointer, because we don't intend to sleep.
3171 mpte = _pmap_alloc_l3(pmap, l2pindex, NULL);
3176 l3 = (pt_entry_t *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(mpte));
3177 l3 = &l3[pmap_l3_index(va)];
3180 l3 = pmap_l3(kernel_pmap, va);
3183 panic("pmap_enter_quick_locked: No l3");
3184 if (pmap_load(l3) != 0) {
3193 * Enter on the PV list if part of our managed memory.
3195 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0 &&
3196 !pmap_try_insert_pv_entry(pmap, va, m, lockp)) {
3199 if (pmap_unwire_ptp(pmap, va, mpte, &free)) {
3200 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
3201 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, false);
3209 * Increment counters
3211 pmap_resident_count_inc(pmap, 1);
3213 newl3 = ((VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) / PAGE_SIZE) << PTE_PPN0_S) |
3215 if ((prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE) != 0)
3217 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0)
3218 newl3 |= PTE_SW_MANAGED;
3219 if (va < VM_MAX_USER_ADDRESS)
3223 * Sync the i-cache on all harts before updating the PTE
3224 * if the new PTE is executable.
3226 if (prot & VM_PROT_EXECUTE)
3227 pmap_sync_icache(pmap, va, PAGE_SIZE);
3229 pmap_store(l3, newl3);
3231 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
3236 * This code maps large physical mmap regions into the
3237 * processor address space. Note that some shortcuts
3238 * are taken, but the code works.
3241 pmap_object_init_pt(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t addr, vm_object_t object,
3242 vm_pindex_t pindex, vm_size_t size)
3245 VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_WLOCKED(object);
3246 KASSERT(object->type == OBJT_DEVICE || object->type == OBJT_SG,
3247 ("pmap_object_init_pt: non-device object"));
3251 * Clear the wired attribute from the mappings for the specified range of
3252 * addresses in the given pmap. Every valid mapping within that range
3253 * must have the wired attribute set. In contrast, invalid mappings
3254 * cannot have the wired attribute set, so they are ignored.
3256 * The wired attribute of the page table entry is not a hardware feature,
3257 * so there is no need to invalidate any TLB entries.
3260 pmap_unwire(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva)
3262 vm_offset_t va_next;
3263 pd_entry_t *l1, *l2, l2e;
3264 pt_entry_t *l3, l3e;
3265 bool pv_lists_locked;
3267 pv_lists_locked = false;
3270 for (; sva < eva; sva = va_next) {
3271 l1 = pmap_l1(pmap, sva);
3272 if (pmap_load(l1) == 0) {
3273 va_next = (sva + L1_SIZE) & ~L1_OFFSET;
3279 va_next = (sva + L2_SIZE) & ~L2_OFFSET;
3283 l2 = pmap_l1_to_l2(l1, sva);
3284 if ((l2e = pmap_load(l2)) == 0)
3286 if ((l2e & PTE_RWX) != 0) {
3287 if (sva + L2_SIZE == va_next && eva >= va_next) {
3288 if ((l2e & PTE_SW_WIRED) == 0)
3289 panic("pmap_unwire: l2 %#jx is missing "
3290 "PTE_SW_WIRED", (uintmax_t)l2e);
3291 pmap_clear_bits(l2, PTE_SW_WIRED);
3294 if (!pv_lists_locked) {
3295 pv_lists_locked = true;
3296 if (!rw_try_rlock(&pvh_global_lock)) {
3298 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3303 if (!pmap_demote_l2(pmap, l2, sva))
3304 panic("pmap_unwire: demotion failed");
3310 for (l3 = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, sva); sva != va_next; l3++,
3312 if ((l3e = pmap_load(l3)) == 0)
3314 if ((l3e & PTE_SW_WIRED) == 0)
3315 panic("pmap_unwire: l3 %#jx is missing "
3316 "PTE_SW_WIRED", (uintmax_t)l3e);
3319 * PG_W must be cleared atomically. Although the pmap
3320 * lock synchronizes access to PG_W, another processor
3321 * could be setting PG_M and/or PG_A concurrently.
3323 pmap_clear_bits(l3, PTE_SW_WIRED);
3324 pmap->pm_stats.wired_count--;
3327 if (pv_lists_locked)
3328 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3333 * Copy the range specified by src_addr/len
3334 * from the source map to the range dst_addr/len
3335 * in the destination map.
3337 * This routine is only advisory and need not do anything.
3341 pmap_copy(pmap_t dst_pmap, pmap_t src_pmap, vm_offset_t dst_addr, vm_size_t len,
3342 vm_offset_t src_addr)
3348 * pmap_zero_page zeros the specified hardware page by mapping
3349 * the page into KVM and using bzero to clear its contents.
3352 pmap_zero_page(vm_page_t m)
3354 vm_offset_t va = PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3356 pagezero((void *)va);
3360 * pmap_zero_page_area zeros the specified hardware page by mapping
3361 * the page into KVM and using bzero to clear its contents.
3363 * off and size may not cover an area beyond a single hardware page.
3366 pmap_zero_page_area(vm_page_t m, int off, int size)
3368 vm_offset_t va = PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3370 if (off == 0 && size == PAGE_SIZE)
3371 pagezero((void *)va);
3373 bzero((char *)va + off, size);
3377 * pmap_copy_page copies the specified (machine independent)
3378 * page by mapping the page into virtual memory and using
3379 * bcopy to copy the page, one machine dependent page at a
3383 pmap_copy_page(vm_page_t msrc, vm_page_t mdst)
3385 vm_offset_t src = PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(msrc));
3386 vm_offset_t dst = PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(mdst));
3388 pagecopy((void *)src, (void *)dst);
3391 int unmapped_buf_allowed = 1;
3394 pmap_copy_pages(vm_page_t ma[], vm_offset_t a_offset, vm_page_t mb[],
3395 vm_offset_t b_offset, int xfersize)
3399 vm_paddr_t p_a, p_b;
3400 vm_offset_t a_pg_offset, b_pg_offset;
3403 while (xfersize > 0) {
3404 a_pg_offset = a_offset & PAGE_MASK;
3405 m_a = ma[a_offset >> PAGE_SHIFT];
3406 p_a = m_a->phys_addr;
3407 b_pg_offset = b_offset & PAGE_MASK;
3408 m_b = mb[b_offset >> PAGE_SHIFT];
3409 p_b = m_b->phys_addr;
3410 cnt = min(xfersize, PAGE_SIZE - a_pg_offset);
3411 cnt = min(cnt, PAGE_SIZE - b_pg_offset);
3412 if (__predict_false(!PHYS_IN_DMAP(p_a))) {
3413 panic("!DMAP a %lx", p_a);
3415 a_cp = (char *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(p_a) + a_pg_offset;
3417 if (__predict_false(!PHYS_IN_DMAP(p_b))) {
3418 panic("!DMAP b %lx", p_b);
3420 b_cp = (char *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(p_b) + b_pg_offset;
3422 bcopy(a_cp, b_cp, cnt);
3430 pmap_quick_enter_page(vm_page_t m)
3433 return (PHYS_TO_DMAP(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m)));
3437 pmap_quick_remove_page(vm_offset_t addr)
3442 * Returns true if the pmap's pv is one of the first
3443 * 16 pvs linked to from this page. This count may
3444 * be changed upwards or downwards in the future; it
3445 * is only necessary that true be returned for a small
3446 * subset of pmaps for proper page aging.
3449 pmap_page_exists_quick(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m)
3451 struct md_page *pvh;
3452 struct rwlock *lock;
3457 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
3458 ("pmap_page_exists_quick: page %p is not managed", m));
3460 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3461 lock = VM_PAGE_TO_PV_LIST_LOCK(m);
3463 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_next) {
3464 if (PV_PMAP(pv) == pmap) {
3472 if (!rv && loops < 16 && (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
3473 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3474 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_next) {
3475 if (PV_PMAP(pv) == pmap) {
3485 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3490 * pmap_page_wired_mappings:
3492 * Return the number of managed mappings to the given physical page
3496 pmap_page_wired_mappings(vm_page_t m)
3498 struct md_page *pvh;
3499 struct rwlock *lock;
3504 int count, md_gen, pvh_gen;
3506 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) != 0)
3508 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3509 lock = VM_PAGE_TO_PV_LIST_LOCK(m);
3513 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_next) {
3515 if (!PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)) {
3516 md_gen = m->md.pv_gen;
3520 if (md_gen != m->md.pv_gen) {
3525 l3 = pmap_l3(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3526 if ((pmap_load(l3) & PTE_SW_WIRED) != 0)
3530 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
3531 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3532 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_next) {
3534 if (!PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)) {
3535 md_gen = m->md.pv_gen;
3536 pvh_gen = pvh->pv_gen;
3540 if (md_gen != m->md.pv_gen ||
3541 pvh_gen != pvh->pv_gen) {
3546 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3547 if ((pmap_load(l2) & PTE_SW_WIRED) != 0)
3553 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3558 * Returns true if the given page is mapped individually or as part of
3559 * a 2mpage. Otherwise, returns false.
3562 pmap_page_is_mapped(vm_page_t m)
3564 struct rwlock *lock;
3567 if ((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) != 0)
3569 lock = VM_PAGE_TO_PV_LIST_LOCK(m);
3571 rv = !TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) ||
3572 ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0 &&
3573 !TAILQ_EMPTY(&pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m))->pv_list));
3579 pmap_remove_pages_pv(pmap_t pmap, vm_page_t m, pv_entry_t pv,
3580 struct spglist *free, bool superpage)
3582 struct md_page *pvh;
3586 pmap_resident_count_dec(pmap, Ln_ENTRIES);
3587 pvh = pa_to_pvh(m->phys_addr);
3588 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_next);
3590 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list)) {
3591 for (mt = m; mt < &m[Ln_ENTRIES]; mt++)
3592 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&mt->md.pv_list) &&
3593 (mt->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) != 0)
3594 vm_page_aflag_clear(mt, PGA_WRITEABLE);
3596 mpte = pmap_remove_pt_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3598 KASSERT(ml3->valid == VM_PAGE_BITS_ALL,
3599 ("pmap_remove_pages: l3 page not promoted"));
3600 pmap_resident_count_dec(pmap, 1);
3601 KASSERT(mpte->wire_count == Ln_ENTRIES,
3602 ("pmap_remove_pages: pte page wire count error"));
3603 mpte->wire_count = 0;
3604 pmap_add_delayed_free_list(mpte, free, FALSE);
3607 pmap_resident_count_dec(pmap, 1);
3608 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
3610 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&m->md.pv_list) &&
3611 (m->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) != 0) {
3612 pvh = pa_to_pvh(m->phys_addr);
3613 if (TAILQ_EMPTY(&pvh->pv_list))
3614 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
3620 * Destroy all managed, non-wired mappings in the given user-space
3621 * pmap. This pmap cannot be active on any processor besides the
3624 * This function cannot be applied to the kernel pmap. Moreover, it
3625 * is not intended for general use. It is only to be used during
3626 * process termination. Consequently, it can be implemented in ways
3627 * that make it faster than pmap_remove(). First, it can more quickly
3628 * destroy mappings by iterating over the pmap's collection of PV
3629 * entries, rather than searching the page table. Second, it doesn't
3630 * have to test and clear the page table entries atomically, because
3631 * no processor is currently accessing the user address space. In
3632 * particular, a page table entry's dirty bit won't change state once
3633 * this function starts.
3636 pmap_remove_pages(pmap_t pmap)
3638 struct spglist free;
3640 pt_entry_t *pte, tpte;
3643 struct pv_chunk *pc, *npc;
3644 struct rwlock *lock;
3646 uint64_t inuse, bitmask;
3647 int allfree, field, freed, idx;
3653 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3655 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pc, &pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc_list, npc) {
3658 for (field = 0; field < _NPCM; field++) {
3659 inuse = ~pc->pc_map[field] & pc_freemask[field];
3660 while (inuse != 0) {
3661 bit = ffsl(inuse) - 1;
3662 bitmask = 1UL << bit;
3663 idx = field * 64 + bit;
3664 pv = &pc->pc_pventry[idx];
3667 pte = pmap_l1(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3668 ptepde = pmap_load(pte);
3669 pte = pmap_l1_to_l2(pte, pv->pv_va);
3670 tpte = pmap_load(pte);
3671 if ((tpte & PTE_RWX) != 0) {
3675 pte = pmap_l2_to_l3(pte, pv->pv_va);
3676 tpte = pmap_load(pte);
3681 * We cannot remove wired pages from a
3682 * process' mapping at this time.
3684 if (tpte & PTE_SW_WIRED) {
3689 m = PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(PTE_TO_PHYS(tpte));
3690 KASSERT((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0 ||
3691 m < &vm_page_array[vm_page_array_size],
3692 ("pmap_remove_pages: bad pte %#jx",
3698 * Update the vm_page_t clean/reference bits.
3700 if ((tpte & (PTE_D | PTE_W)) ==
3704 mt < &m[Ln_ENTRIES]; mt++)
3710 CHANGE_PV_LIST_LOCK_TO_VM_PAGE(&lock, m);
3713 pc->pc_map[field] |= bitmask;
3715 pmap_remove_pages_pv(pmap, m, pv, &free,
3717 pmap_unuse_pt(pmap, pv->pv_va, ptepde, &free);
3721 PV_STAT(atomic_add_long(&pv_entry_frees, freed));
3722 PV_STAT(atomic_add_int(&pv_entry_spare, freed));
3723 PV_STAT(atomic_subtract_long(&pv_entry_count, freed));
3725 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pmap->pm_pvchunk, pc, pc_list);
3731 pmap_invalidate_all(pmap);
3732 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3734 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, false);
3738 pmap_page_test_mappings(vm_page_t m, boolean_t accessed, boolean_t modified)
3740 struct md_page *pvh;
3741 struct rwlock *lock;
3743 pt_entry_t *l3, mask;
3746 int md_gen, pvh_gen;
3756 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3757 lock = VM_PAGE_TO_PV_LIST_LOCK(m);
3760 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_next) {
3762 if (!PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)) {
3763 md_gen = m->md.pv_gen;
3767 if (md_gen != m->md.pv_gen) {
3772 l3 = pmap_l3(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3773 rv = (pmap_load(l3) & mask) == mask;
3778 if ((m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) == 0) {
3779 pvh = pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3780 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_next) {
3782 if (!PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)) {
3783 md_gen = m->md.pv_gen;
3784 pvh_gen = pvh->pv_gen;
3788 if (md_gen != m->md.pv_gen ||
3789 pvh_gen != pvh->pv_gen) {
3794 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3795 rv = (pmap_load(l2) & mask) == mask;
3803 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3810 * Return whether or not the specified physical page was modified
3811 * in any physical maps.
3814 pmap_is_modified(vm_page_t m)
3817 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
3818 ("pmap_is_modified: page %p is not managed", m));
3821 * If the page is not exclusive busied, then PGA_WRITEABLE cannot be
3822 * concurrently set while the object is locked. Thus, if PGA_WRITEABLE
3823 * is clear, no PTEs can have PG_M set.
3825 VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_WLOCKED(m->object);
3826 if (!vm_page_xbusied(m) && (m->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) == 0)
3828 return (pmap_page_test_mappings(m, FALSE, TRUE));
3832 * pmap_is_prefaultable:
3834 * Return whether or not the specified virtual address is eligible
3838 pmap_is_prefaultable(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t addr)
3845 l3 = pmap_l3(pmap, addr);
3846 if (l3 != NULL && pmap_load(l3) != 0) {
3854 * pmap_is_referenced:
3856 * Return whether or not the specified physical page was referenced
3857 * in any physical maps.
3860 pmap_is_referenced(vm_page_t m)
3863 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
3864 ("pmap_is_referenced: page %p is not managed", m));
3865 return (pmap_page_test_mappings(m, TRUE, FALSE));
3869 * Clear the write and modified bits in each of the given page's mappings.
3872 pmap_remove_write(vm_page_t m)
3874 struct md_page *pvh;
3875 struct rwlock *lock;
3878 pt_entry_t *l3, oldl3, newl3;
3879 pv_entry_t next_pv, pv;
3881 int md_gen, pvh_gen;
3883 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
3884 ("pmap_remove_write: page %p is not managed", m));
3887 * If the page is not exclusive busied, then PGA_WRITEABLE cannot be
3888 * set by another thread while the object is locked. Thus,
3889 * if PGA_WRITEABLE is clear, no page table entries need updating.
3891 VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_WLOCKED(m->object);
3892 if (!vm_page_xbusied(m) && (m->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) == 0)
3894 lock = VM_PAGE_TO_PV_LIST_LOCK(m);
3895 pvh = (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0 ? &pv_dummy :
3896 pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
3897 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3900 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_next, next_pv) {
3902 if (!PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)) {
3903 pvh_gen = pvh->pv_gen;
3907 if (pvh_gen != pvh->pv_gen) {
3914 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, va);
3915 if ((pmap_load(l2) & PTE_W) != 0)
3916 (void)pmap_demote_l2_locked(pmap, l2, va, &lock);
3917 KASSERT(lock == VM_PAGE_TO_PV_LIST_LOCK(m),
3918 ("inconsistent pv lock %p %p for page %p",
3919 lock, VM_PAGE_TO_PV_LIST_LOCK(m), m));
3922 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_next) {
3924 if (!PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)) {
3925 pvh_gen = pvh->pv_gen;
3926 md_gen = m->md.pv_gen;
3930 if (pvh_gen != pvh->pv_gen || md_gen != m->md.pv_gen) {
3936 l3 = pmap_l3(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3937 oldl3 = pmap_load(l3);
3939 if ((oldl3 & PTE_W) != 0) {
3940 newl3 = oldl3 & ~(PTE_D | PTE_W);
3941 if (!atomic_fcmpset_long(l3, &oldl3, newl3))
3943 if ((oldl3 & PTE_D) != 0)
3945 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
3950 vm_page_aflag_clear(m, PGA_WRITEABLE);
3951 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3955 * pmap_ts_referenced:
3957 * Return a count of reference bits for a page, clearing those bits.
3958 * It is not necessary for every reference bit to be cleared, but it
3959 * is necessary that 0 only be returned when there are truly no
3960 * reference bits set.
3962 * As an optimization, update the page's dirty field if a modified bit is
3963 * found while counting reference bits. This opportunistic update can be
3964 * performed at low cost and can eliminate the need for some future calls
3965 * to pmap_is_modified(). However, since this function stops after
3966 * finding PMAP_TS_REFERENCED_MAX reference bits, it may not detect some
3967 * dirty pages. Those dirty pages will only be detected by a future call
3968 * to pmap_is_modified().
3971 pmap_ts_referenced(vm_page_t m)
3973 struct spglist free;
3974 struct md_page *pvh;
3975 struct rwlock *lock;
3978 pd_entry_t *l2, l2e;
3979 pt_entry_t *l3, l3e;
3982 int cleared, md_gen, not_cleared, pvh_gen;
3984 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
3985 ("pmap_ts_referenced: page %p is not managed", m));
3988 pa = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m);
3989 pvh = (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0 ? &pv_dummy : pa_to_pvh(pa);
3991 lock = PHYS_TO_PV_LIST_LOCK(pa);
3992 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
3996 if ((pvf = TAILQ_FIRST(&pvh->pv_list)) == NULL)
3997 goto small_mappings;
4001 if (!PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)) {
4002 pvh_gen = pvh->pv_gen;
4006 if (pvh_gen != pvh->pv_gen) {
4012 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, va);
4013 l2e = pmap_load(l2);
4014 if ((l2e & (PTE_W | PTE_D)) == (PTE_W | PTE_D)) {
4016 * Although l2e is mapping a 2MB page, because
4017 * this function is called at a 4KB page granularity,
4018 * we only update the 4KB page under test.
4022 if ((l2e & PTE_A) != 0) {
4024 * Since this reference bit is shared by 512 4KB
4025 * pages, it should not be cleared every time it is
4026 * tested. Apply a simple "hash" function on the
4027 * physical page number, the virtual superpage number,
4028 * and the pmap address to select one 4KB page out of
4029 * the 512 on which testing the reference bit will
4030 * result in clearing that reference bit. This
4031 * function is designed to avoid the selection of the
4032 * same 4KB page for every 2MB page mapping.
4034 * On demotion, a mapping that hasn't been referenced
4035 * is simply destroyed. To avoid the possibility of a
4036 * subsequent page fault on a demoted wired mapping,
4037 * always leave its reference bit set. Moreover,
4038 * since the superpage is wired, the current state of
4039 * its reference bit won't affect page replacement.
4041 if ((((pa >> PAGE_SHIFT) ^ (pv->pv_va >> L2_SHIFT) ^
4042 (uintptr_t)pmap) & (Ln_ENTRIES - 1)) == 0 &&
4043 (l2e & PTE_SW_WIRED) == 0) {
4044 pmap_clear_bits(l2, PTE_A);
4045 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
4051 /* Rotate the PV list if it has more than one entry. */
4052 if (pv != NULL && TAILQ_NEXT(pv, pv_next) != NULL) {
4053 TAILQ_REMOVE(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_next);
4054 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&pvh->pv_list, pv, pv_next);
4057 if (cleared + not_cleared >= PMAP_TS_REFERENCED_MAX)
4059 } while ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&pvh->pv_list)) != pvf);
4061 if ((pvf = TAILQ_FIRST(&m->md.pv_list)) == NULL)
4066 if (!PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)) {
4067 pvh_gen = pvh->pv_gen;
4068 md_gen = m->md.pv_gen;
4072 if (pvh_gen != pvh->pv_gen || md_gen != m->md.pv_gen) {
4077 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4079 KASSERT((pmap_load(l2) & PTE_RX) == 0,
4080 ("pmap_ts_referenced: found an invalid l2 table"));
4082 l3 = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, pv->pv_va);
4083 l3e = pmap_load(l3);
4084 if ((l3e & PTE_D) != 0)
4086 if ((l3e & PTE_A) != 0) {
4087 if ((l3e & PTE_SW_WIRED) == 0) {
4089 * Wired pages cannot be paged out so
4090 * doing accessed bit emulation for
4091 * them is wasted effort. We do the
4092 * hard work for unwired pages only.
4094 pmap_clear_bits(l3, PTE_A);
4095 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4101 /* Rotate the PV list if it has more than one entry. */
4102 if (pv != NULL && TAILQ_NEXT(pv, pv_next) != NULL) {
4103 TAILQ_REMOVE(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
4104 TAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&m->md.pv_list, pv, pv_next);
4107 } while ((pv = TAILQ_FIRST(&m->md.pv_list)) != pvf && cleared +
4108 not_cleared < PMAP_TS_REFERENCED_MAX);
4111 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4112 vm_page_free_pages_toq(&free, false);
4113 return (cleared + not_cleared);
4117 * Apply the given advice to the specified range of addresses within the
4118 * given pmap. Depending on the advice, clear the referenced and/or
4119 * modified flags in each mapping and set the mapped page's dirty field.
4122 pmap_advise(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t sva, vm_offset_t eva, int advice)
4127 * Clear the modify bits on the specified physical page.
4130 pmap_clear_modify(vm_page_t m)
4132 struct md_page *pvh;
4133 struct rwlock *lock;
4135 pv_entry_t next_pv, pv;
4136 pd_entry_t *l2, oldl2;
4137 pt_entry_t *l3, oldl3;
4139 int md_gen, pvh_gen;
4141 KASSERT((m->oflags & VPO_UNMANAGED) == 0,
4142 ("pmap_clear_modify: page %p is not managed", m));
4143 VM_OBJECT_ASSERT_WLOCKED(m->object);
4144 KASSERT(!vm_page_xbusied(m),
4145 ("pmap_clear_modify: page %p is exclusive busied", m));
4148 * If the page is not PGA_WRITEABLE, then no PTEs can have PG_M set.
4149 * If the object containing the page is locked and the page is not
4150 * exclusive busied, then PGA_WRITEABLE cannot be concurrently set.
4152 if ((m->aflags & PGA_WRITEABLE) == 0)
4154 pvh = (m->flags & PG_FICTITIOUS) != 0 ? &pv_dummy :
4155 pa_to_pvh(VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m));
4156 lock = VM_PAGE_TO_PV_LIST_LOCK(m);
4157 rw_rlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4160 TAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(pv, &pvh->pv_list, pv_next, next_pv) {
4162 if (!PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)) {
4163 pvh_gen = pvh->pv_gen;
4167 if (pvh_gen != pvh->pv_gen) {
4173 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, va);
4174 oldl2 = pmap_load(l2);
4175 if ((oldl2 & PTE_W) != 0) {
4176 if (pmap_demote_l2_locked(pmap, l2, va, &lock)) {
4177 if ((oldl2 & PTE_SW_WIRED) == 0) {
4179 * Write protect the mapping to a
4180 * single page so that a subsequent
4181 * write access may repromote.
4183 va += VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(m) -
4185 l3 = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, va);
4186 oldl3 = pmap_load(l3);
4187 if ((oldl3 & PTE_V) != 0) {
4188 while (!atomic_fcmpset_long(l3,
4189 &oldl3, oldl3 & ~(PTE_D |
4193 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, va);
4200 TAILQ_FOREACH(pv, &m->md.pv_list, pv_next) {
4202 if (!PMAP_TRYLOCK(pmap)) {
4203 md_gen = m->md.pv_gen;
4204 pvh_gen = pvh->pv_gen;
4208 if (pvh_gen != pvh->pv_gen || md_gen != m->md.pv_gen) {
4213 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4214 KASSERT((pmap_load(l2) & PTE_RWX) == 0,
4215 ("pmap_clear_modify: found a 2mpage in page %p's pv list",
4217 l3 = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, pv->pv_va);
4218 if ((pmap_load(l3) & (PTE_D | PTE_W)) == (PTE_D | PTE_W)) {
4219 pmap_clear_bits(l3, PTE_D | PTE_W);
4220 pmap_invalidate_page(pmap, pv->pv_va);
4225 rw_runlock(&pvh_global_lock);
4229 pmap_mapbios(vm_paddr_t pa, vm_size_t size)
4232 return ((void *)PHYS_TO_DMAP(pa));
4236 pmap_unmapbios(vm_paddr_t pa, vm_size_t size)
4241 * Sets the memory attribute for the specified page.
4244 pmap_page_set_memattr(vm_page_t m, vm_memattr_t ma)
4247 m->md.pv_memattr = ma;
4251 * perform the pmap work for mincore
4254 pmap_mincore(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t addr, vm_paddr_t *locked_pa)
4256 pt_entry_t *l2, *l3, tpte;
4266 l2 = pmap_l2(pmap, addr);
4267 if (l2 != NULL && ((tpte = pmap_load(l2)) & PTE_V) != 0) {
4268 if ((tpte & PTE_RWX) != 0) {
4269 pa = PTE_TO_PHYS(tpte) | (addr & L2_OFFSET);
4270 val = MINCORE_INCORE | MINCORE_SUPER;
4272 l3 = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2, addr);
4273 tpte = pmap_load(l3);
4274 if ((tpte & PTE_V) == 0)
4276 pa = PTE_TO_PHYS(tpte) | (addr & L3_OFFSET);
4277 val = MINCORE_INCORE;
4280 if ((tpte & PTE_D) != 0)
4281 val |= MINCORE_MODIFIED | MINCORE_MODIFIED_OTHER;
4282 if ((tpte & PTE_A) != 0)
4283 val |= MINCORE_REFERENCED | MINCORE_REFERENCED_OTHER;
4284 managed = (tpte & PTE_SW_MANAGED) == PTE_SW_MANAGED;
4288 if ((val & (MINCORE_MODIFIED_OTHER | MINCORE_REFERENCED_OTHER)) !=
4289 (MINCORE_MODIFIED_OTHER | MINCORE_REFERENCED_OTHER) && managed) {
4290 /* Ensure that "PHYS_TO_VM_PAGE(pa)->object" doesn't change. */
4291 if (vm_page_pa_tryrelock(pmap, pa, locked_pa))
4294 PA_UNLOCK_COND(*locked_pa);
4300 pmap_activate_sw(struct thread *td)
4302 pmap_t oldpmap, pmap;
4305 oldpmap = PCPU_GET(curpmap);
4306 pmap = vmspace_pmap(td->td_proc->p_vmspace);
4307 if (pmap == oldpmap)
4309 load_satp(pmap->pm_satp);
4311 hart = PCPU_GET(hart);
4313 CPU_SET_ATOMIC(hart, &pmap->pm_active);
4314 CPU_CLR_ATOMIC(hart, &oldpmap->pm_active);
4316 CPU_SET(hart, &pmap->pm_active);
4317 CPU_CLR(hart, &oldpmap->pm_active);
4319 PCPU_SET(curpmap, pmap);
4325 pmap_activate(struct thread *td)
4329 pmap_activate_sw(td);
4334 pmap_activate_boot(pmap_t pmap)
4338 hart = PCPU_GET(hart);
4340 CPU_SET_ATOMIC(hart, &pmap->pm_active);
4342 CPU_SET(hart, &pmap->pm_active);
4344 PCPU_SET(curpmap, pmap);
4348 pmap_sync_icache(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, vm_size_t sz)
4353 * From the RISC-V User-Level ISA V2.2:
4355 * "To make a store to instruction memory visible to all
4356 * RISC-V harts, the writing hart has to execute a data FENCE
4357 * before requesting that all remote RISC-V harts execute a
4362 CPU_CLR(PCPU_GET(hart), &mask);
4364 if (!CPU_EMPTY(&mask) && smp_started)
4365 sbi_remote_fence_i(mask.__bits);
4370 * Increase the starting virtual address of the given mapping if a
4371 * different alignment might result in more superpage mappings.
4374 pmap_align_superpage(vm_object_t object, vm_ooffset_t offset,
4375 vm_offset_t *addr, vm_size_t size)
4377 vm_offset_t superpage_offset;
4381 if (object != NULL && (object->flags & OBJ_COLORED) != 0)
4382 offset += ptoa(object->pg_color);
4383 superpage_offset = offset & L2_OFFSET;
4384 if (size - ((L2_SIZE - superpage_offset) & L2_OFFSET) < L2_SIZE ||
4385 (*addr & L2_OFFSET) == superpage_offset)
4387 if ((*addr & L2_OFFSET) < superpage_offset)
4388 *addr = (*addr & ~L2_OFFSET) + superpage_offset;
4390 *addr = ((*addr + L2_OFFSET) & ~L2_OFFSET) + superpage_offset;
4394 * Get the kernel virtual address of a set of physical pages. If there are
4395 * physical addresses not covered by the DMAP perform a transient mapping
4396 * that will be removed when calling pmap_unmap_io_transient.
4398 * \param page The pages the caller wishes to obtain the virtual
4399 * address on the kernel memory map.
4400 * \param vaddr On return contains the kernel virtual memory address
4401 * of the pages passed in the page parameter.
4402 * \param count Number of pages passed in.
4403 * \param can_fault TRUE if the thread using the mapped pages can take
4404 * page faults, FALSE otherwise.
4406 * \returns TRUE if the caller must call pmap_unmap_io_transient when
4407 * finished or FALSE otherwise.
4411 pmap_map_io_transient(vm_page_t page[], vm_offset_t vaddr[], int count,
4412 boolean_t can_fault)
4415 boolean_t needs_mapping;
4419 * Allocate any KVA space that we need, this is done in a separate
4420 * loop to prevent calling vmem_alloc while pinned.
4422 needs_mapping = FALSE;
4423 for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
4424 paddr = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(page[i]);
4425 if (__predict_false(paddr >= DMAP_MAX_PHYSADDR)) {
4426 error = vmem_alloc(kernel_arena, PAGE_SIZE,
4427 M_BESTFIT | M_WAITOK, &vaddr[i]);
4428 KASSERT(error == 0, ("vmem_alloc failed: %d", error));
4429 needs_mapping = TRUE;
4431 vaddr[i] = PHYS_TO_DMAP(paddr);
4435 /* Exit early if everything is covered by the DMAP */
4441 for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
4442 paddr = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(page[i]);
4443 if (paddr >= DMAP_MAX_PHYSADDR) {
4445 "pmap_map_io_transient: TODO: Map out of DMAP data");
4449 return (needs_mapping);
4453 pmap_unmap_io_transient(vm_page_t page[], vm_offset_t vaddr[], int count,
4454 boolean_t can_fault)
4461 for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
4462 paddr = VM_PAGE_TO_PHYS(page[i]);
4463 if (paddr >= DMAP_MAX_PHYSADDR) {
4464 panic("RISCVTODO: pmap_unmap_io_transient: Unmap data");
4470 pmap_is_valid_memattr(pmap_t pmap __unused, vm_memattr_t mode)
4473 return (mode >= VM_MEMATTR_DEVICE && mode <= VM_MEMATTR_WRITE_BACK);
4477 pmap_get_tables(pmap_t pmap, vm_offset_t va, pd_entry_t **l1, pd_entry_t **l2,
4480 pd_entry_t *l1p, *l2p;
4482 /* Get l1 directory entry. */
4483 l1p = pmap_l1(pmap, va);
4486 if (l1p == NULL || (pmap_load(l1p) & PTE_V) == 0)
4489 if ((pmap_load(l1p) & PTE_RX) != 0) {
4495 /* Get l2 directory entry. */
4496 l2p = pmap_l1_to_l2(l1p, va);
4499 if (l2p == NULL || (pmap_load(l2p) & PTE_V) == 0)
4502 if ((pmap_load(l2p) & PTE_RX) != 0) {
4507 /* Get l3 page table entry. */
4508 *l3 = pmap_l2_to_l3(l2p, va);