1 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
2 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
4 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
6 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
10 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
11 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
12 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
14 ###############################################################################
18 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
19 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
20 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
21 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
22 # His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
23 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
24 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
25 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
26 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
27 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
29 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
30 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
31 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
33 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
34 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
35 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
36 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
37 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
38 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
40 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
41 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
42 # in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
43 # of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
44 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
46 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
47 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
48 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
49 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
50 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
51 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
52 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
53 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
54 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
55 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
57 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
58 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
60 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
61 # Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
62 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)
63 # <http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html>.
65 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
66 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
67 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
68 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
70 # From Arthur David Olson:
71 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
72 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
73 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
75 # From Arthur David Olson:
76 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
77 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
79 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
80 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
81 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
82 # An AltaVista search turned up
83 # <http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html>:
84 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
85 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
86 # (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
88 # From Joseph Gallant citing
89 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
90 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
91 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
92 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
93 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
94 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
95 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
96 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
98 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
99 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
101 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
102 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
103 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
104 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
105 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
108 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
109 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
110 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
111 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
113 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
115 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
116 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
117 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
118 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
119 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
121 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
122 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
123 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
124 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
125 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
126 Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
127 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
128 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
129 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
130 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
131 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
132 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
133 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
134 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
136 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
137 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
138 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
139 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
140 # this time zone package.
141 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
142 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
143 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
144 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
145 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
147 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
150 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
151 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
152 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
153 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
154 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
156 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
157 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
159 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
160 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
161 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
162 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
164 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
165 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
166 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
168 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
169 # The tables below use 'NST', not 'NT', for Nome Standard Time.
170 # I invented 'CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
172 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
173 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
174 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
175 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
176 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
177 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
178 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
179 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
180 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
181 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
182 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
183 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
184 # USA " 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
185 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
186 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
188 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
189 # The above dates are for 1988.
190 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
191 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
194 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
195 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
196 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
197 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
198 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
200 # United States standard eastern time
201 # United States standard mountain time
202 # United States standard central time
203 # United States standard Pacific time
205 # United States standard Alaska time
207 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
208 # public law 98-181):
209 # Atlantic standard time
210 # eastern standard time
211 # central standard time
212 # mountain standard time
213 # Pacific standard time
214 # Yukon standard time
215 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
216 # Bering standard time
217 # And after 1983-11-30:
218 # Atlantic standard time
219 # eastern standard time
220 # central standard time
221 # mountain standard time
222 # Pacific standard time
223 # Alaska standard time
224 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
225 # Samoa standard time
226 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
228 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
229 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
230 # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
231 # See the file "australasia".
233 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
234 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
236 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
237 # (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
238 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
239 # (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
240 # Sunday of March"; and
241 # (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
242 # Sunday of November'.
243 # (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
244 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
245 # (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
246 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
247 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
249 # (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
250 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
251 # Department study is complete.
253 # US eastern time, represented by New York
255 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
256 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
257 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
258 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
259 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
260 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
262 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
263 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
264 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
265 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
266 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
267 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
269 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
270 # According to today's Huntsville Times
271 # <http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1>
272 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
273 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
274 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
275 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
276 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
279 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
280 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
281 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
282 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
283 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
284 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
285 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
286 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
293 # US central time, represented by Chicago
295 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
296 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
297 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
298 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
299 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
300 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
301 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
302 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
304 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
305 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
306 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
307 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
308 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
309 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
311 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
312 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
313 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
314 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
316 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
317 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
318 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
319 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
320 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
321 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
322 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
323 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
324 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
326 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
327 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
328 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
330 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
332 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
333 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
334 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00
336 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
337 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
338 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
339 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
340 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
341 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
342 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
343 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
344 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 02:00
347 # From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
348 # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
349 # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
350 # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
351 # http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
352 # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
354 # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
355 # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
356 # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
357 # largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
358 # at 47 degrees 15' 51" N, 101 degrees 46' 40" W, which yields an offset
361 Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
362 -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00
365 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
367 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
368 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
369 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
370 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
371 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
373 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
374 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
375 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
376 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
377 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
378 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
379 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
380 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
382 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
384 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
387 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
389 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
390 # Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
391 # north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
392 # Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern 3/4 of
393 # Malheur county), and Washington
395 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
396 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
397 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
398 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
399 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
400 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
401 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
402 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
408 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
410 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
411 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
412 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
413 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
414 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
415 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
416 # the Julian calendar.
418 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
419 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
420 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
421 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
422 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
423 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
425 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
426 # One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
427 # daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
428 # "Welcome to Juneau. Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
429 # See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
430 # http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
432 # Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
433 # Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
434 # Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
435 # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
437 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
438 # Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
440 # On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
441 # 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
442 # Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
445 # ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
446 # Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
447 # northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
449 # On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
450 # unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
452 # According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
453 # bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
455 # (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
458 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
459 # I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
460 # Community office (using contact information available at
461 # http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
462 # It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
463 # the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
464 # that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
465 # own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
466 # did not inquire about practices in the past.
468 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
469 # For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
470 # abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
472 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
473 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
474 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
478 -8:00 US P%sT 1980 Apr 27 2:00
479 -9:00 US Y%sT 1980 Oct 26 2:00
480 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
481 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
483 Zone America/Sitka 14:58:47 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
484 -9:01:13 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
488 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
489 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
491 Zone America/Metlakatla 15:13:42 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
492 -8:46:18 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
496 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
498 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
499 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
503 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
505 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
506 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
508 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
509 -10:00 US CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
510 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
512 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
513 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
515 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
516 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
519 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
521 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
522 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
524 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
525 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
528 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
530 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
531 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
533 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
535 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
536 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
537 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
539 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
540 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
541 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
542 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
543 # possibly until 1983:
545 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
546 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
547 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
548 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
549 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
550 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
551 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
552 # three votes for and one against."
556 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
557 # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
558 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
559 # the article is available at
560 # http://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
561 # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
562 # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
563 # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
564 # last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
565 # act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
566 # from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
567 # when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
568 # effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
569 # day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
570 # cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
571 # and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
573 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
574 # The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
575 # Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
576 # 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
577 # 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
578 # year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
579 # hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
580 # day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
581 # Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
582 # hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
583 # which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
584 # that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
585 # Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
586 # of the Territory of Hawaii."
588 # Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
589 # We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
591 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1896 Jan 13 12:00 #Schmitt&Cox
592 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00 #Laws 1933
593 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 12:00 #Laws 1933+12
594 -10:30 - HST 1942 Feb 09 2:00 #Schmitt&Cox+2
595 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1945 Sep 30 2:00 #Schmitt&Cox+2
596 -10:30 - HST 1947 Jun 8 2:00 #Schmitt&Cox+2
599 Link Pacific/Honolulu Pacific/Johnston
601 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
603 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
605 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
607 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
608 # Daylight Saving Time web page
609 # <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
610 # maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
611 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
612 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
613 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
614 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
615 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
616 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
617 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
618 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
619 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
621 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
622 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
624 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
625 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
626 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 00:01
627 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
629 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
631 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
632 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
633 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
634 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
635 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
636 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
638 # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
639 # See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
641 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
642 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
643 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
644 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
645 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
646 # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
647 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
649 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
650 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
651 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
653 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
658 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
659 # What time is it in Indiana? (2006-03-01)
660 # <http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html>
662 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
663 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
664 # with the following exceptions:
666 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
667 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
669 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
671 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
672 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
674 # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
675 # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
677 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
678 # and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
679 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
680 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
682 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
683 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
684 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
686 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
687 # http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006.
689 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
690 # https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
691 # says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
692 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
693 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
694 # this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
695 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
696 # Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
697 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error. The intent
698 # was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
700 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
701 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
702 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
703 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
705 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
706 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
707 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
708 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
709 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
710 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
712 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
714 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
715 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
716 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
722 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
723 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
724 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
725 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
726 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
727 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
728 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
729 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
730 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
732 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
734 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
735 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
740 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
741 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
743 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
744 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
745 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
746 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
747 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
748 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
749 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
750 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
751 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
752 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
753 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
754 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
756 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
759 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
760 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
763 # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
764 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
765 Rule Perry 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
766 Rule Perry 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
767 Rule Perry 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
768 Rule Perry 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
769 Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
770 Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
771 Rule Perry 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
772 Rule Perry 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
773 Rule Perry 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
774 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
775 Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
777 -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
780 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
783 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
784 # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
785 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
786 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
787 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
788 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
789 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
790 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
791 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
793 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
794 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
795 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
796 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
797 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
800 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
801 # then switched back in 2006.
802 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
803 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
804 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
806 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
807 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
808 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
809 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
810 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
811 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
812 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
813 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
815 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
816 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
817 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
818 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
821 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
822 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
823 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
824 Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
825 Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
826 Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
827 Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
828 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
829 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
831 -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
834 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
835 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
838 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
839 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
840 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
841 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
847 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
848 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
849 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
850 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
851 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
852 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
853 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
854 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
855 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
856 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
857 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
858 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
860 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
862 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
864 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
865 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
868 # Wayne County, Kentucky
870 # From Lake Cumberland LIFE
871 # <http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml>
872 # (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
873 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
874 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
875 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
876 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
877 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
878 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
879 # location in the Central time zone.
881 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
882 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
883 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
884 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
885 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
887 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
888 # The final rule was published in the
889 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
890 # <http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22>
892 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
895 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
899 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
900 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
901 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
902 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
903 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
904 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
905 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
906 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
908 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
909 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
910 # so omit that change for now.
911 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
912 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
913 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
914 # 1999-10-31. See the
915 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
916 # <http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15>
917 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
918 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
919 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
923 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
924 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
926 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
927 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
928 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
931 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
932 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
933 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
934 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
935 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
936 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
939 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
941 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
942 # Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
943 # one hour in 1914." This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
944 # info, so omit this for now.
946 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
947 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
948 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
949 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
950 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
951 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
952 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
953 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
954 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
957 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
959 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
962 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
963 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
964 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
965 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
966 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
967 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
968 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
969 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
970 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
972 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
973 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
977 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
978 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
979 # also claimed by Haiti
980 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
981 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
982 # currently uninhabited
983 # see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
984 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
985 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
987 ################################################################################
990 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
991 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
992 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
993 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
995 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
996 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
997 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
998 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
999 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
1001 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
1002 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
1004 # Other sources occasionally used include:
1006 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1007 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1008 # which I found in the UCLA library.
1010 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1011 # <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1014 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1015 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1017 # See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1021 # From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1022 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1023 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1025 # UTC Standard time Daylight saving time
1026 # offset French English French English
1030 # -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
1031 # -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
1032 # -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
1033 # -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
1034 # -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
1037 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
1038 # HA: Heure Avancée DT: Daylight saving Time
1040 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
1041 # C: du Centre Central
1042 # E: de l'Est Eastern
1045 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
1050 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1051 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1053 # Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks
1056 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1058 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1059 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1060 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1061 # http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1064 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1065 # http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1067 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1068 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1069 # http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1071 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1072 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1073 # http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1075 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1076 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1077 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1078 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1080 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1081 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1083 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1084 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1087 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1089 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
1090 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
1091 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
1092 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1094 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1097 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1098 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1100 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
1101 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1102 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1103 # <http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp>
1104 # contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1105 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1107 # INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has
1108 # information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
1109 # <http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php>
1110 # (updated periodically).
1111 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1113 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1114 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1117 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1118 # In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1119 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1120 # she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1121 # The quote includes these two statements:
1122 # 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1123 # '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1124 # These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1125 # that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918. This transition was
1126 # also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1128 # In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1129 # Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1130 # than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1132 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1133 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1134 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1135 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1136 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1137 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1138 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1139 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1140 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1141 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1142 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1145 # Newfoundland and Labrador
1147 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1148 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
1149 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
1150 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
1151 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1153 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1154 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
1155 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
1156 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1157 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
1158 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
1159 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1160 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
1161 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
1162 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1164 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
1165 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
1166 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1167 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1168 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1169 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1170 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1171 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1172 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
1173 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1174 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1175 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1176 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1177 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1178 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1180 # From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1181 # We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1182 # changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1183 # The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1184 # Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1185 # now occurs at 2:00AM.
1187 # http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1189 # MICHAEL PELLEY | Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1190 # Office of the Chief Information Officer
1192 # Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1194 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1195 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1196 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1197 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1198 Rule StJohns 2007 2011 - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1199 Rule StJohns 2007 2010 - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1201 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1202 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1203 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1204 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1205 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1206 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1207 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1208 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1209 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 2011 Nov
1212 # most of east Labrador
1214 # The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1215 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1216 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1218 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1219 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1221 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1222 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1223 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1224 -4:00 StJohns A%sT 2011 Nov
1228 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1230 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1231 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1232 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1233 # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
1234 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1235 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1238 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1239 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1240 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1241 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1242 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1243 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1244 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1245 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1246 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1247 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1248 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1249 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1250 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1251 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1252 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1253 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1254 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1255 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1256 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1257 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1258 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1259 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1260 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1261 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1262 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1263 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1264 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1265 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1266 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1267 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1268 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1269 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1270 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1271 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1272 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1273 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1274 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1275 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1276 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1277 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1278 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1279 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1280 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1281 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1282 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1283 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1284 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1285 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1286 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1288 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1289 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1290 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1292 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1297 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1298 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1299 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1300 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1301 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1302 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1304 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1305 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1306 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1307 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1308 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1309 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1310 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1311 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1312 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1313 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1314 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1315 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1316 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1317 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1318 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1319 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1320 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1321 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1322 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1323 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1324 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1325 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1326 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1331 # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-30):
1332 # Since 1970 most of Quebec has been like Toronto.
1333 # However, because earlier versions of the tz database mistakenly relied on data
1334 # from Shanks & Pottenger saying that Quebec differed from Ontario after 1970,
1335 # a separate entry was created for most of Quebec. We're loath to lose
1336 # its pre-1970 info, even though the tz database is normally limited to
1337 # zones that differ after 1970, so keep this otherwise out-of-scope entry.
1339 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1340 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1341 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1342 # The Quebec department of justice writes in
1343 # "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
1344 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1345 # that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1346 # observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1347 # http://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1348 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1349 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1350 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1352 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1353 Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
1354 Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
1355 Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
1356 Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
1357 Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
1358 Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
1359 Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1360 Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
1361 Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
1362 Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
1363 Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1364 # The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
1365 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
1366 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
1367 # The rules below avoid use of 24:00
1368 # (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
1369 Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1370 Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1371 Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1372 Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1373 Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1374 Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1375 Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1376 Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1377 Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1378 Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1379 Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1380 Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1382 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1383 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1384 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1386 Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
1387 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
1388 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1389 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1390 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1391 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
1396 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1397 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1399 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1400 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1401 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1402 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1404 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1405 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1406 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1407 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1408 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1409 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1410 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1411 # only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1412 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1415 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1417 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1418 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1419 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1420 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1421 # He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1422 # <http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html>
1423 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1424 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1425 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1427 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1428 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1429 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1430 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1431 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1433 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1434 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1435 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1437 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1438 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1439 # the other half on eastern time.
1441 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1443 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1444 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1445 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1447 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1448 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1450 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1451 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1452 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1453 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1454 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1456 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1457 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1458 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1459 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1460 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1461 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1462 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1463 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1465 # From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1467 # Currently the database has:
1471 # # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1472 # # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1474 # # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1475 # # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1476 # # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1478 # In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1479 # right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1480 # time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1482 # The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1483 # except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1485 # Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1487 # I only came across this incidentally. I don't know if Windsor began
1488 # observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1490 # By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1492 # Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1493 # three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1495 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1497 # "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1498 # The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1499 # volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1501 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1503 # It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1505 # A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1506 # require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1507 # the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1508 # and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1509 # ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1510 # for the other provinces only approximate:
1512 # Province Daylight saving time used
1513 # Prince Edward Island Not used.
1514 # Nova Scotia In Halifax only.
1515 # New Brunswick In St. John only.
1516 # Quebec In the following places:
1520 # St. Lambert Cap de la Madelèine
1521 # Verdun Loretteville
1522 # Westmount Richmond
1523 # Outremont St. Jérôme
1524 # Longueuil Greenfield Park
1526 # Chambly-Canton Beaulieu
1527 # Melbourne La Tuque
1528 # St. Théophile Buckingham
1529 # Ontario Used generally in the cities and towns along
1530 # the southerly part of the province. Not
1531 # used in the northwesterly part.
1532 # Manitoba Not used.
1533 # Saskatchewan In Regina only.
1535 # British Columbia Not used.
1537 # With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1538 # to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1540 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1541 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1542 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1543 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1544 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1545 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1546 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1547 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1548 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1550 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1551 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1552 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1553 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1554 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1555 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1556 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1557 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1558 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1559 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1560 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1561 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1562 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1563 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1564 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1565 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1566 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1567 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1568 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1569 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1570 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1571 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1572 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1573 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1574 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1575 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1576 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1577 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1579 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1580 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1581 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1582 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1583 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1585 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1586 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1587 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1588 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1589 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1590 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1591 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1592 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1593 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1594 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1595 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1597 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1598 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1599 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1600 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1601 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1602 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1604 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1607 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1608 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1973
1611 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1612 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1613 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1615 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1616 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1617 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1619 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1620 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1621 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1622 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1628 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1629 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1630 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1631 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1632 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1633 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1634 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1635 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1636 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1637 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1638 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1639 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1640 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1642 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1643 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1644 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1645 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1647 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1648 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1649 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1650 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1651 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1652 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1653 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1654 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1655 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1656 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1657 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1658 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1659 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1660 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1661 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1662 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1663 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1664 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1665 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1666 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1667 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1668 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1669 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1670 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1671 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1672 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1673 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1674 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1680 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1681 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1682 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1683 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1684 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1685 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1686 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1687 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1690 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1691 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1692 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1694 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1695 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1696 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1697 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1698 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1699 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1701 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1702 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1703 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1704 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1705 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1707 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1708 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1709 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1710 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1712 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1713 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1714 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1715 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1716 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1717 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1718 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1720 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1721 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1722 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1723 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1724 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1725 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1727 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1728 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1729 # long and rather painful to read.
1730 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1732 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1733 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1734 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1735 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1736 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1737 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1738 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1739 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1740 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1741 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1742 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1743 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1744 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1745 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1746 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1747 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1748 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1749 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1751 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1752 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1753 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1754 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1755 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1756 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1757 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1758 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1760 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1761 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1762 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1763 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1769 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1770 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1771 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1772 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1773 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1774 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1775 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1776 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1777 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1778 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1779 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1780 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1781 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1782 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1783 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1784 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1785 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1786 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1787 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1788 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1795 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1796 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1797 # been like Vancouver.
1798 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1799 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1801 # It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
1803 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
1804 # There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
1805 # that do not currently observe daylight saving:
1806 # a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
1807 # b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
1808 # (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
1810 # Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
1811 # keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
1812 # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
1813 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1814 # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
1815 # i.e. Creston has been stuck on UTC-7 for 93 years.
1816 # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
1818 # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
1819 # unknown and will be difficult to ascertain. I e-mailed Tammy a few months
1820 # ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess. She said it was just
1821 # as plausible as any other date (in June). She also said that after writing the
1822 # article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the subject
1823 # of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
1824 # http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
1826 # Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
1827 # 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
1828 # Exact date unknown
1829 # 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
1830 # Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
1831 # 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
1832 # Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
1834 # On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
1835 # Creston did not change its clocks.
1837 # During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
1838 # Creston did not oblige.
1840 # There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
1842 # The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
1843 # http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
1845 # During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
1846 # In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
1847 # summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
1848 # the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
1849 # period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
1850 # (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
1852 # The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
1854 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1855 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1856 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1857 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1858 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1859 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1860 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1861 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1862 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1863 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1864 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1865 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1866 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1868 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1869 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1870 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1872 Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884
1873 -7:00 - MST 1916 Oct 1
1874 -8:00 - PST 1918 Jun 2
1877 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1879 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1880 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1881 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1882 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1883 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
1884 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1885 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1886 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1887 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1888 # Shanks & Pottenger say Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go
1890 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1891 # Here is a link to the old daylight saving portion of the interpretation
1892 # act which was last updated in 1987:
1893 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic1987_056.pdf
1895 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
1896 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
1897 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
1898 # <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html>
1900 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
1901 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
1902 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
1904 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1905 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
1906 # <http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html>
1907 # (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
1908 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
1909 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
1911 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1912 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
1913 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
1915 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
1917 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
1918 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
1920 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
1922 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
1924 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
1925 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
1926 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
1927 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
1928 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
1929 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
1930 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
1931 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
1932 # the current state of affairs.
1934 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
1935 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)
1936 # <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html>:
1937 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
1938 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
1939 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
1940 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
1942 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1943 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
1944 # for these potential new Zones.
1946 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
1947 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
1948 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
1949 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
1950 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
1951 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
1952 # required to use daylight savings.
1954 # From <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
1955 # Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
1956 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
1957 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
1958 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
1959 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
1960 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
1961 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
1962 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
1963 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
1964 # unified time zone in 1999.
1966 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
1967 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
1969 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1970 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
1972 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
1973 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
1974 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
1975 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
1976 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
1977 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
1978 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
1980 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
1982 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
1983 # According to maps at
1984 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg
1985 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg
1986 # (both dated 2003), and
1987 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
1988 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
1989 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
1990 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
1991 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
1992 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
1993 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
1995 # From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
1996 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
1997 # daylight saving only during wartime.
1999 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2000 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2001 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2002 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2003 # daylight saving....
2004 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2006 # From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2007 # Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2008 # Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2009 # the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2010 # decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2012 # According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2013 # went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2015 # On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2016 # 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2017 # talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2018 # to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2019 # explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2020 # (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2021 # i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2022 # had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2023 # so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2025 # On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2026 # phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2027 # of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2028 # information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2029 # Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2030 # Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2031 # and worked in Resolute Bay...
2033 # On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2034 # Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2035 # 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2036 # on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2037 # had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2038 # tell me when the practice had stopped.
2040 # On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2041 # somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2042 # off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2043 # used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2044 # businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2046 # http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2048 # I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2049 # Eastern Standard Time.
2051 # Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2052 # 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2053 # of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2054 # the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2056 # This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2058 # I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2059 # responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2060 # may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2061 # search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2063 # If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2064 # never have contacted her. I now believe that all the information I
2065 # obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2066 # I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2068 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2069 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
2070 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
2071 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
2072 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
2073 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
2074 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
2075 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2076 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
2077 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2078 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2079 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2080 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2081 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2083 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - zzz 1921 # trading post est.
2084 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
2085 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2086 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2088 # formerly Frobisher Bay
2089 Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - zzz 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2090 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2091 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2094 Zone America/Resolute 0 - zzz 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2095 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2096 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2097 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
2098 -5:00 - EST 2007 Mar 11 3:00
2101 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - zzz 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2102 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2103 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2105 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2106 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - zzz 1920 # trading post est.?
2107 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2108 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2109 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
2110 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2112 Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - zzz 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2113 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2115 Zone America/Inuvik 0 - zzz 1953 # Inuvik founded
2116 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
2117 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2119 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2120 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
2121 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2123 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2124 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
2125 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2129 ###############################################################################
2133 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
2134 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2135 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2136 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2137 # <http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/>.
2139 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2140 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2141 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2142 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2143 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2144 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2146 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2147 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2148 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2149 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2150 # the relevant documents.
2152 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2153 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2154 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2156 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2158 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2159 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2161 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2162 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2163 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2164 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2166 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2167 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2172 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2177 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2179 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2180 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2181 # For an English translation of the decree, see
2182 # "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04)
2183 # <http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html>.
2185 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2186 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2187 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2189 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2190 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2191 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2192 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2193 # Arizona year round.
2195 # From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2196 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2197 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2198 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2199 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2202 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2203 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2205 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2206 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2208 # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
2209 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2210 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2212 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2213 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2214 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2215 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2216 # ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2217 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2218 # the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2219 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2221 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
2222 # <http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre>
2223 # (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2224 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2226 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2228 # <http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html>
2229 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2230 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2231 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2232 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2233 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2234 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2235 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2237 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2239 # From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2240 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2241 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2242 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2243 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2244 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2245 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2246 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2247 # September 30, 2001.
2248 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2249 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2251 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2252 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2253 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2254 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2255 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2256 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2257 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2258 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2260 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2261 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2262 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2263 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2264 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2266 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2268 # Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2269 # > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2270 # > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2271 # > the United States.
2272 # Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2273 # 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2274 # http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2275 # http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2278 # Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2279 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2280 # (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2282 # There is also a list of the votes here:
2283 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2286 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2288 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2290 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2291 # includes this text:
2292 # En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2293 # Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2294 # Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2295 # Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2296 # desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2297 # horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2298 # En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2299 # fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2300 # internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2301 # kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2302 # interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2303 # efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2304 # las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2306 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2307 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
2308 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
2309 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
2310 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
2311 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
2312 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
2313 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
2314 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
2315 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2316 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2317 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2318 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
2319 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2320 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2321 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2322 # Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2323 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
2324 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2325 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
2327 # Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2328 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
2329 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2330 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
2332 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2333 Zone America/Matamoros -6:40:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2336 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2010
2338 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2339 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2344 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
2345 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2346 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2347 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2348 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2349 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2350 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 02:00
2351 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
2353 # Chihuahua (near US border)
2354 Zone America/Ojinaga -6:57:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:02:20
2355 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2356 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2357 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2358 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2359 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2361 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2362 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2363 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010
2365 # Chihuahua (away from US border)
2366 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2367 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2368 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2369 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2370 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2371 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2373 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2374 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2377 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2378 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2379 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2380 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2381 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2382 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2383 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2384 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2386 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
2389 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2390 # According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2391 # changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2392 # share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2395 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2396 # país, a partir de este domingo
2397 # http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2399 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2401 # http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2404 # Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2405 # http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2406 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2408 # "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2409 # will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2411 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2413 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2414 # Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2417 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2418 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2419 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2420 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2421 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2422 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2423 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2424 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2429 Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2430 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2431 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2432 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2433 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2434 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2435 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2436 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2438 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 Apr 4 2:00
2441 # Baja California (near US border)
2442 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
2444 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2445 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2446 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2447 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2448 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2449 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2450 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2451 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2452 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2457 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2458 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2459 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2010
2461 # Baja California (away from US border)
2462 Zone America/Santa_Isabel -7:39:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:20:32
2464 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2465 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2466 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2467 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2468 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2469 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2470 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2471 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2472 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2477 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2478 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2480 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2481 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2482 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2483 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
2484 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
2485 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2486 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2487 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
2488 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2489 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2490 # name or contents should be.
2495 ###############################################################################
2498 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2500 # Antigua and Barbuda
2501 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2502 Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2508 # For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2510 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2511 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2512 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2513 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2515 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2516 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2517 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2518 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2519 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2520 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2525 # For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2527 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2528 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2529 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2530 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2531 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2532 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2533 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2534 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:29 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2535 -3:58:29 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2539 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2540 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2541 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
2542 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
2543 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
2544 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
2545 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
2546 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
2547 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2548 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2553 # For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2554 # Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2556 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2558 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2559 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2560 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2561 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2562 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2564 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2565 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:18 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2566 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2567 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1976
2571 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2572 Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
2573 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2578 # Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
2580 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2581 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2582 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2583 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2584 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2585 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2586 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2587 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2588 # There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2589 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2590 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José
2591 -5:36:13 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
2594 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2598 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2599 # Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2600 # for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2601 # For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2603 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2604 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2605 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2606 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2607 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2608 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2609 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2610 # sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2611 # to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
2612 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2614 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2615 # DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2616 # years before. The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2617 # https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2619 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2620 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2621 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2622 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2623 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2624 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2625 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2626 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2628 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2629 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2630 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2631 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2633 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2634 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2635 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2636 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2637 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2638 # watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
2639 # to the normal schedule....
2641 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2642 # <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
2643 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2644 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2645 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2647 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2648 # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2649 # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2651 # He supplied these references:
2653 # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2654 # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2656 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
2657 # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2659 # Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
2660 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2662 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2664 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2665 # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2666 # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2667 # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2668 # a Cuban information station, and heard
2669 # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2670 # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2672 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2673 # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2674 # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2675 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2677 # Some more background information is posted here:
2678 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2680 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2681 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2682 # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2683 # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2684 # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2685 # change some historic records as well.
2688 # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2690 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2691 # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2692 # web site, the Granma. Please check out
2693 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2695 # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
2696 # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2698 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2699 # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2701 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2702 # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2703 # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2704 # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2706 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2709 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2710 # I listened over the Internet to
2711 # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2712 # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2713 # the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
2714 # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2716 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
2717 # Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
2718 # this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
2722 # http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
2725 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
2727 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
2728 # Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
2729 # tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
2731 # One source (Spanish)
2732 # http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
2735 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
2737 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
2738 # According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
2741 # Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
2742 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
2745 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
2747 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
2748 # Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
2749 # to standard time on 2012-11-04:
2750 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
2751 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
2752 # For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
2754 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2755 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
2756 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
2757 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2758 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2759 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2760 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2761 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
2762 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
2763 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
2764 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
2765 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
2766 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2767 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
2768 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2769 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2770 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
2771 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2772 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
2773 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2774 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2775 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
2776 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
2777 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2778 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
2779 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
2780 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
2781 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2782 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2783 Rule Cuba 2000 2003 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
2784 Rule Cuba 2004 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2785 Rule Cuba 2006 2010 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2786 Rule Cuba 2007 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2787 Rule Cuba 2008 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
2788 Rule Cuba 2009 2010 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2789 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
2790 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Nov 13 0:00s 0 S
2791 Rule Cuba 2012 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 D
2792 Rule Cuba 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S
2793 Rule Cuba 2013 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2795 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2796 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
2797 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
2801 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2803 # Dominican Republic
2805 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
2806 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
2807 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
2808 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
2810 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2811 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
2813 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
2814 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
2815 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
2816 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
2817 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
2818 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
2819 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
2820 # decided to revert.
2823 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2824 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
2825 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
2826 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
2827 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
2828 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
2829 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
2830 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2831 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
2832 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
2833 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
2834 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
2835 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
2840 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2841 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2842 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2843 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
2844 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
2845 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2846 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
2852 # St Martin (French part)
2853 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2857 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
2858 # Diario Co Latino, at
2859 # <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
2860 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
2861 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
2862 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
2863 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
2864 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
2865 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
2866 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
2867 # <http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf>.
2869 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2870 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
2871 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
2872 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
2873 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
2874 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
2875 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
2876 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
2877 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
2878 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2879 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
2883 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
2884 # Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
2885 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
2886 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
2887 # <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>. Translated from French, it says:
2889 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
2890 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
2891 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
2892 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
2893 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
2895 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
2896 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
2897 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
2900 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
2902 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
2903 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
2904 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
2905 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
2906 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
2908 # I have found this article about it (in French):
2909 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
2911 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
2913 # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
2914 # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
2916 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
2917 # According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
2918 # apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
2919 # So this means they have already changed their time.
2921 # http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
2922 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
2924 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
2925 # The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
2926 # 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
2927 # Assume a US-style fall back as well.
2929 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
2930 # It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
2931 # as US/Canada. They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
2932 # are going to observe DST every year now...
2934 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
2935 # http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
2937 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2938 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
2939 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2940 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2941 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
2943 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
2944 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
2945 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2946 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2947 Rule Haiti 2012 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
2948 Rule Haiti 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2949 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2950 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
2951 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
2955 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
2957 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
2958 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
2959 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
2960 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
2961 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
2962 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
2964 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
2965 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
2966 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
2967 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
2969 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
2970 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08)
2971 # <http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12>.
2972 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
2974 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
2975 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
2976 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
2977 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
2979 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
2980 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
2981 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
2983 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2984 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2985 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2986 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2987 Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
2988 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2989 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
2992 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
2995 # Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
2996 # unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
2997 # island". Go with Milne. Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
2998 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2999 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:11 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
3000 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3001 -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
3006 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3007 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
3008 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
3009 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
3010 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
3014 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3018 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3020 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3021 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3022 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3023 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
3024 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3025 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3026 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3027 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3028 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3030 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3031 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3032 # assume that it is daylight saving....
3034 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3035 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3036 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3037 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3038 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3039 # during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3040 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3041 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3042 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3043 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3045 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3046 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3047 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3050 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3051 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3052 # (my informal translation)
3053 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3054 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3055 # morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3057 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3058 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3059 # My informal translation runs:
3060 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3061 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3063 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3064 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
3065 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
3066 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
3067 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3068 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
3069 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
3070 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3071 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
3072 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3073 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
3074 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
3075 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
3076 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
3082 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3083 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
3084 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3088 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3089 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3090 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3091 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
3097 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3099 # St Pierre and Miquelon
3100 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3101 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3102 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3103 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
3104 -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
3107 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
3108 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3112 # From Chris Dunn in
3113 # <http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=415007>
3114 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3115 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3116 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
3118 # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3119 # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3120 # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3121 # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3122 # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3123 # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3124 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3126 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-01):
3127 # Shanks & Pottenger say they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
3128 # says they switch at midnight. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
3130 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3131 Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
3132 Rule TC 1979 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
3133 Rule TC 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
3134 Rule TC 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3135 Rule TC 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3136 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3137 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
3138 -5:07:11 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3143 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
projects / FreeBSD / releng / 10.0.git / blob