crypto/openssh/ssh-keygen.c

   1 /* $OpenBSD: ssh-keygen.c,v 1.230 2013/07/20 01:44:37 djm Exp $ */
   2 /*
   3  * Author: Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>
   4  * Copyright (c) 1994 Tatu Ylonen <ylo@cs.hut.fi>, Espoo, Finland
   5  *                    All rights reserved
   6  * Identity and host key generation and maintenance.
   7  *
   8  * As far as I am concerned, the code I have written for this software
   9  * can be used freely for any purpose.  Any derived versions of this
  10  * software must be clearly marked as such, and if the derived work is
  11  * incompatible with the protocol description in the RFC file, it must be
  12  * called by a name other than "ssh" or "Secure Shell".
  13  */
  14
  15 #include "includes.h"
  16
  17 #include <sys/types.h>
  18 #include <sys/socket.h>
  19 #include <sys/stat.h>
  20 #include <sys/param.h>
  21
  22 #include <openssl/evp.h>
  23 #include <openssl/pem.h>
  24 #include "openbsd-compat/openssl-compat.h"
  25
  26 #include <errno.h>
  27 #include <fcntl.h>
  28 #include <netdb.h>
  29 #ifdef HAVE_PATHS_H
  30 # include <paths.h>
  31 #endif
  32 #include <pwd.h>
  33 #include <stdarg.h>
  34 #include <stdio.h>
  35 #include <stdlib.h>
  36 #include <string.h>
  37 #include <unistd.h>
  38
  39 #include "xmalloc.h"
  40 #include "key.h"
  41 #include "rsa.h"
  42 #include "authfile.h"
  43 #include "uuencode.h"
  44 #include "buffer.h"
  45 #include "pathnames.h"
  46 #include "log.h"
  47 #include "misc.h"
  48 #include "match.h"
  49 #include "hostfile.h"
  50 #include "dns.h"
  51 #include "ssh.h"
  52 #include "ssh2.h"
  53 #include "ssh-pkcs11.h"
  54 #include "atomicio.h"
  55 #include "krl.h"
  56
  57 /* Number of bits in the RSA/DSA key.  This value can be set on the command line. */
  58 #define DEFAULT_BITS            2048
  59 #define DEFAULT_BITS_DSA        1024
  60 #define DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA      256
  61 u_int32_t bits = 0;
  62
  63 /*
  64  * Flag indicating that we just want to change the passphrase.  This can be
  65  * set on the command line.
  66  */
  67 int change_passphrase = 0;
  68
  69 /*
  70  * Flag indicating that we just want to change the comment.  This can be set
  71  * on the command line.
  72  */
  73 int change_comment = 0;
  74
  75 int quiet = 0;
  76
  77 int log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO;
  78
  79 /* Flag indicating that we want to hash a known_hosts file */
  80 int hash_hosts = 0;
  81 /* Flag indicating that we want lookup a host in known_hosts file */
  82 int find_host = 0;
  83 /* Flag indicating that we want to delete a host from a known_hosts file */
  84 int delete_host = 0;
  85
  86 /* Flag indicating that we want to show the contents of a certificate */
  87 int show_cert = 0;
  88
  89 /* Flag indicating that we just want to see the key fingerprint */
  90 int print_fingerprint = 0;
  91 int print_bubblebabble = 0;
  92
  93 /* The identity file name, given on the command line or entered by the user. */
  94 char identity_file[1024];
  95 int have_identity = 0;
  96
  97 /* This is set to the passphrase if given on the command line. */
  98 char *identity_passphrase = NULL;
  99
 100 /* This is set to the new passphrase if given on the command line. */
 101 char *identity_new_passphrase = NULL;
 102
 103 /* This is set to the new comment if given on the command line. */
 104 char *identity_comment = NULL;
 105
 106 /* Path to CA key when certifying keys. */
 107 char *ca_key_path = NULL;
 108
 109 /* Certificate serial number */
 110 unsigned long long cert_serial = 0;
 111
 112 /* Key type when certifying */
 113 u_int cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_USER;
 114
 115 /* "key ID" of signed key */
 116 char *cert_key_id = NULL;
 117
 118 /* Comma-separated list of principal names for certifying keys */
 119 char *cert_principals = NULL;
 120
 121 /* Validity period for certificates */
 122 u_int64_t cert_valid_from = 0;
 123 u_int64_t cert_valid_to = ~0ULL;
 124
 125 /* Certificate options */
 126 #define CERTOPT_X_FWD   (1)
 127 #define CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD       (1<<1)
 128 #define CERTOPT_PORT_FWD        (1<<2)
 129 #define CERTOPT_PTY             (1<<3)
 130 #define CERTOPT_USER_RC (1<<4)
 131 #define CERTOPT_DEFAULT (CERTOPT_X_FWD|CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD| \
 132                          CERTOPT_PORT_FWD|CERTOPT_PTY|CERTOPT_USER_RC)
 133 u_int32_t certflags_flags = CERTOPT_DEFAULT;
 134 char *certflags_command = NULL;
 135 char *certflags_src_addr = NULL;
 136
 137 /* Conversion to/from various formats */
 138 int convert_to = 0;
 139 int convert_from = 0;
 140 enum {
 141         FMT_RFC4716,
 142         FMT_PKCS8,
 143         FMT_PEM
 144 } convert_format = FMT_RFC4716;
 145 int print_public = 0;
 146 int print_generic = 0;
 147
 148 char *key_type_name = NULL;
 149
 150 /* Load key from this PKCS#11 provider */
 151 char *pkcs11provider = NULL;
 152
 153 /* argv0 */
 154 extern char *__progname;
 155
 156 char hostname[MAXHOSTNAMELEN];
 157
 158 /* moduli.c */
 159 int gen_candidates(FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, BIGNUM *);
 160 int prime_test(FILE *, FILE *, u_int32_t, u_int32_t, char *, unsigned long,
 161     unsigned long);
 162
 163 static void
 164 type_bits_valid(int type, u_int32_t *bitsp)
 165 {
 166         u_int maxbits;
 167
 168         if (type == KEY_UNSPEC) {
 169                 fprintf(stderr, "unknown key type %s\n", key_type_name);
 170                 exit(1);
 171         }
 172         if (*bitsp == 0) {
 173                 if (type == KEY_DSA)
 174                         *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_DSA;
 175                 else if (type == KEY_ECDSA)
 176                         *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS_ECDSA;
 177                 else
 178                         *bitsp = DEFAULT_BITS;
 179         }
 180         maxbits = (type == KEY_DSA) ?
 181             OPENSSL_DSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS : OPENSSL_RSA_MAX_MODULUS_BITS;
 182         if (*bitsp > maxbits) {
 183                 fprintf(stderr, "key bits exceeds maximum %d\n", maxbits);
 184                 exit(1);
 185         }
 186         if (type == KEY_DSA && *bitsp != 1024)
 187                 fatal("DSA keys must be 1024 bits");
 188         else if (type != KEY_ECDSA && *bitsp < 768)
 189                 fatal("Key must at least be 768 bits");
 190         else if (type == KEY_ECDSA && key_ecdsa_bits_to_nid(*bitsp) == -1)
 191                 fatal("Invalid ECDSA key length - valid lengths are "
 192                     "256, 384 or 521 bits");
 193 }
 194
 195 static void
 196 ask_filename(struct passwd *pw, const char *prompt)
 197 {
 198         char buf[1024];
 199         char *name = NULL;
 200
 201         if (key_type_name == NULL)
 202                 name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
 203         else {
 204                 switch (key_type_from_name(key_type_name)) {
 205                 case KEY_RSA1:
 206                         name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_IDENTITY;
 207                         break;
 208                 case KEY_DSA_CERT:
 209                 case KEY_DSA_CERT_V00:
 210                 case KEY_DSA:
 211                         name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_DSA;
 212                         break;
 213 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
 214                 case KEY_ECDSA_CERT:
 215                 case KEY_ECDSA:
 216                         name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_ECDSA;
 217                         break;
 218 #endif
 219                 case KEY_RSA_CERT:
 220                 case KEY_RSA_CERT_V00:
 221                 case KEY_RSA:
 222                         name = _PATH_SSH_CLIENT_ID_RSA;
 223                         break;
 224                 default:
 225                         fprintf(stderr, "bad key type\n");
 226                         exit(1);
 227                         break;
 228                 }
 229         }
 230         snprintf(identity_file, sizeof(identity_file), "%s/%s", pw->pw_dir, name);
 231         fprintf(stderr, "%s (%s): ", prompt, identity_file);
 232         if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin) == NULL)
 233                 exit(1);
 234         buf[strcspn(buf, "\n")] = '\0';
 235         if (strcmp(buf, "") != 0)
 236                 strlcpy(identity_file, buf, sizeof(identity_file));
 237         have_identity = 1;
 238 }
 239
 240 static Key *
 241 load_identity(char *filename)
 242 {
 243         char *pass;
 244         Key *prv;
 245
 246         prv = key_load_private(filename, "", NULL);
 247         if (prv == NULL) {
 248                 if (identity_passphrase)
 249                         pass = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
 250                 else
 251                         pass = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ",
 252                             RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
 253                 prv = key_load_private(filename, pass, NULL);
 254                 memset(pass, 0, strlen(pass));
 255                 free(pass);
 256         }
 257         return prv;
 258 }
 259
 260 #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN            "---- BEGIN SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----"
 261 #define SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END              "---- END SSH2 PUBLIC KEY ----"
 262 #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN           "---- BEGIN SSH2 ENCRYPTED PRIVATE KEY ----"
 263 #define SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC       0x3f6ff9eb
 264
 265 static void
 266 do_convert_to_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, Key *k)
 267 {
 268         u_int len;
 269         u_char *blob;
 270         char comment[61];
 271
 272         if (k->type == KEY_RSA1) {
 273                 fprintf(stderr, "version 1 keys are not supported\n");
 274                 exit(1);
 275         }
 276         if (key_to_blob(k, &blob, &len) <= 0) {
 277                 fprintf(stderr, "key_to_blob failed\n");
 278                 exit(1);
 279         }
 280         /* Comment + surrounds must fit into 72 chars (RFC 4716 sec 3.3) */
 281         snprintf(comment, sizeof(comment),
 282             "%u-bit %s, converted by %s@%s from OpenSSH",
 283             key_size(k), key_type(k),
 284             pw->pw_name, hostname);
 285
 286         fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_BEGIN);
 287         fprintf(stdout, "Comment: \"%s\"\n", comment);
 288         dump_base64(stdout, blob, len);
 289         fprintf(stdout, "%s\n", SSH_COM_PUBLIC_END);
 290         key_free(k);
 291         free(blob);
 292         exit(0);
 293 }
 294
 295 static void
 296 do_convert_to_pkcs8(Key *k)
 297 {
 298         switch (key_type_plain(k->type)) {
 299         case KEY_RSA1:
 300         case KEY_RSA:
 301                 if (!PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->rsa))
 302                         fatal("PEM_write_RSA_PUBKEY failed");
 303                 break;
 304         case KEY_DSA:
 305                 if (!PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY(stdout, k->dsa))
 306                         fatal("PEM_write_DSA_PUBKEY failed");
 307                 break;
 308 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
 309         case KEY_ECDSA:
 310                 if (!PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY(stdout, k->ecdsa))
 311                         fatal("PEM_write_EC_PUBKEY failed");
 312                 break;
 313 #endif
 314         default:
 315                 fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, key_type(k));
 316         }
 317         exit(0);
 318 }
 319
 320 static void
 321 do_convert_to_pem(Key *k)
 322 {
 323         switch (key_type_plain(k->type)) {
 324         case KEY_RSA1:
 325         case KEY_RSA:
 326                 if (!PEM_write_RSAPublicKey(stdout, k->rsa))
 327                         fatal("PEM_write_RSAPublicKey failed");
 328                 break;
 329 #if notyet /* OpenSSH 0.9.8 lacks this function */
 330         case KEY_DSA:
 331                 if (!PEM_write_DSAPublicKey(stdout, k->dsa))
 332                         fatal("PEM_write_DSAPublicKey failed");
 333                 break;
 334 #endif
 335         /* XXX ECDSA? */
 336         default:
 337                 fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__, key_type(k));
 338         }
 339         exit(0);
 340 }
 341
 342 static void
 343 do_convert_to(struct passwd *pw)
 344 {
 345         Key *k;
 346         struct stat st;
 347
 348         if (!have_identity)
 349                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
 350         if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
 351                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
 352         if ((k = key_load_public(identity_file, NULL)) == NULL) {
 353                 if ((k = load_identity(identity_file)) == NULL) {
 354                         fprintf(stderr, "load failed\n");
 355                         exit(1);
 356                 }
 357         }
 358
 359         switch (convert_format) {
 360         case FMT_RFC4716:
 361                 do_convert_to_ssh2(pw, k);
 362                 break;
 363         case FMT_PKCS8:
 364                 do_convert_to_pkcs8(k);
 365                 break;
 366         case FMT_PEM:
 367                 do_convert_to_pem(k);
 368                 break;
 369         default:
 370                 fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format);
 371         }
 372         exit(0);
 373 }
 374
 375 static void
 376 buffer_get_bignum_bits(Buffer *b, BIGNUM *value)
 377 {
 378         u_int bignum_bits = buffer_get_int(b);
 379         u_int bytes = (bignum_bits + 7) / 8;
 380
 381         if (buffer_len(b) < bytes)
 382                 fatal("buffer_get_bignum_bits: input buffer too small: "
 383                     "need %d have %d", bytes, buffer_len(b));
 384         if (BN_bin2bn(buffer_ptr(b), bytes, value) == NULL)
 385                 fatal("buffer_get_bignum_bits: BN_bin2bn failed");
 386         buffer_consume(b, bytes);
 387 }
 388
 389 static Key *
 390 do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(u_char *blob, u_int blen)
 391 {
 392         Buffer b;
 393         Key *key = NULL;
 394         char *type, *cipher;
 395         u_char *sig, data[] = "abcde12345";
 396         int magic, rlen, ktype, i1, i2, i3, i4;
 397         u_int slen;
 398         u_long e;
 399
 400         buffer_init(&b);
 401         buffer_append(&b, blob, blen);
 402
 403         magic = buffer_get_int(&b);
 404         if (magic != SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC) {
 405                 error("bad magic 0x%x != 0x%x", magic, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_KEY_MAGIC);
 406                 buffer_free(&b);
 407                 return NULL;
 408         }
 409         i1 = buffer_get_int(&b);
 410         type   = buffer_get_string(&b, NULL);
 411         cipher = buffer_get_string(&b, NULL);
 412         i2 = buffer_get_int(&b);
 413         i3 = buffer_get_int(&b);
 414         i4 = buffer_get_int(&b);
 415         debug("ignore (%d %d %d %d)", i1, i2, i3, i4);
 416         if (strcmp(cipher, "none") != 0) {
 417                 error("unsupported cipher %s", cipher);
 418                 free(cipher);
 419                 buffer_free(&b);
 420                 free(type);
 421                 return NULL;
 422         }
 423         free(cipher);
 424
 425         if (strstr(type, "dsa")) {
 426                 ktype = KEY_DSA;
 427         } else if (strstr(type, "rsa")) {
 428                 ktype = KEY_RSA;
 429         } else {
 430                 buffer_free(&b);
 431                 free(type);
 432                 return NULL;
 433         }
 434         key = key_new_private(ktype);
 435         free(type);
 436
 437         switch (key->type) {
 438         case KEY_DSA:
 439                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->p);
 440                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->g);
 441                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->q);
 442                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->pub_key);
 443                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->dsa->priv_key);
 444                 break;
 445         case KEY_RSA:
 446                 e = buffer_get_char(&b);
 447                 debug("e %lx", e);
 448                 if (e < 30) {
 449                         e <<= 8;
 450                         e += buffer_get_char(&b);
 451                         debug("e %lx", e);
 452                         e <<= 8;
 453                         e += buffer_get_char(&b);
 454                         debug("e %lx", e);
 455                 }
 456                 if (!BN_set_word(key->rsa->e, e)) {
 457                         buffer_free(&b);
 458                         key_free(key);
 459                         return NULL;
 460                 }
 461                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->d);
 462                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->n);
 463                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->iqmp);
 464                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->q);
 465                 buffer_get_bignum_bits(&b, key->rsa->p);
 466                 rsa_generate_additional_parameters(key->rsa);
 467                 break;
 468         }
 469         rlen = buffer_len(&b);
 470         if (rlen != 0)
 471                 error("do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob: "
 472                     "remaining bytes in key blob %d", rlen);
 473         buffer_free(&b);
 474
 475         /* try the key */
 476         key_sign(key, &sig, &slen, data, sizeof(data));
 477         key_verify(key, sig, slen, data, sizeof(data));
 478         free(sig);
 479         return key;
 480 }
 481
 482 static int
 483 get_line(FILE *fp, char *line, size_t len)
 484 {
 485         int c;
 486         size_t pos = 0;
 487
 488         line[0] = '\0';
 489         while ((c = fgetc(fp)) != EOF) {
 490                 if (pos >= len - 1) {
 491                         fprintf(stderr, "input line too long.\n");
 492                         exit(1);
 493                 }
 494                 switch (c) {
 495                 case '\r':
 496                         c = fgetc(fp);
 497                         if (c != EOF && c != '\n' && ungetc(c, fp) == EOF) {
 498                                 fprintf(stderr, "unget: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 499                                 exit(1);
 500                         }
 501                         return pos;
 502                 case '\n':
 503                         return pos;
 504                 }
 505                 line[pos++] = c;
 506                 line[pos] = '\0';
 507         }
 508         /* We reached EOF */
 509         return -1;
 510 }
 511
 512 static void
 513 do_convert_from_ssh2(struct passwd *pw, Key **k, int *private)
 514 {
 515         int blen;
 516         u_int len;
 517         char line[1024];
 518         u_char blob[8096];
 519         char encoded[8096];
 520         int escaped = 0;
 521         FILE *fp;
 522
 523         if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
 524                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
 525         encoded[0] = '\0';
 526         while ((blen = get_line(fp, line, sizeof(line))) != -1) {
 527                 if (blen > 0 && line[blen - 1] == '\\')
 528                         escaped++;
 529                 if (strncmp(line, "----", 4) == 0 ||
 530                     strstr(line, ": ") != NULL) {
 531                         if (strstr(line, SSH_COM_PRIVATE_BEGIN) != NULL)
 532                                 *private = 1;
 533                         if (strstr(line, " END ") != NULL) {
 534                                 break;
 535                         }
 536                         /* fprintf(stderr, "ignore: %s", line); */
 537                         continue;
 538                 }
 539                 if (escaped) {
 540                         escaped--;
 541                         /* fprintf(stderr, "escaped: %s", line); */
 542                         continue;
 543                 }
 544                 strlcat(encoded, line, sizeof(encoded));
 545         }
 546         len = strlen(encoded);
 547         if (((len % 4) == 3) &&
 548             (encoded[len-1] == '=') &&
 549             (encoded[len-2] == '=') &&
 550             (encoded[len-3] == '='))
 551                 encoded[len-3] = '\0';
 552         blen = uudecode(encoded, blob, sizeof(blob));
 553         if (blen < 0) {
 554                 fprintf(stderr, "uudecode failed.\n");
 555                 exit(1);
 556         }
 557         *k = *private ?
 558             do_convert_private_ssh2_from_blob(blob, blen) :
 559             key_from_blob(blob, blen);
 560         if (*k == NULL) {
 561                 fprintf(stderr, "decode blob failed.\n");
 562                 exit(1);
 563         }
 564         fclose(fp);
 565 }
 566
 567 static void
 568 do_convert_from_pkcs8(Key **k, int *private)
 569 {
 570         EVP_PKEY *pubkey;
 571         FILE *fp;
 572
 573         if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
 574                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
 575         if ((pubkey = PEM_read_PUBKEY(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) == NULL) {
 576                 fatal("%s: %s is not a recognised public key format", __func__,
 577                     identity_file);
 578         }
 579         fclose(fp);
 580         switch (EVP_PKEY_type(pubkey->type)) {
 581         case EVP_PKEY_RSA:
 582                 *k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
 583                 (*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
 584                 (*k)->rsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_RSA(pubkey);
 585                 break;
 586         case EVP_PKEY_DSA:
 587                 *k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
 588                 (*k)->type = KEY_DSA;
 589                 (*k)->dsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_DSA(pubkey);
 590                 break;
 591 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
 592         case EVP_PKEY_EC:
 593                 *k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
 594                 (*k)->type = KEY_ECDSA;
 595                 (*k)->ecdsa = EVP_PKEY_get1_EC_KEY(pubkey);
 596                 (*k)->ecdsa_nid = key_ecdsa_key_to_nid((*k)->ecdsa);
 597                 break;
 598 #endif
 599         default:
 600                 fatal("%s: unsupported pubkey type %d", __func__,
 601                     EVP_PKEY_type(pubkey->type));
 602         }
 603         EVP_PKEY_free(pubkey);
 604         return;
 605 }
 606
 607 static void
 608 do_convert_from_pem(Key **k, int *private)
 609 {
 610         FILE *fp;
 611         RSA *rsa;
 612 #ifdef notyet
 613         DSA *dsa;
 614 #endif
 615
 616         if ((fp = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
 617                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
 618         if ((rsa = PEM_read_RSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) {
 619                 *k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
 620                 (*k)->type = KEY_RSA;
 621                 (*k)->rsa = rsa;
 622                 fclose(fp);
 623                 return;
 624         }
 625 #if notyet /* OpenSSH 0.9.8 lacks this function */
 626         rewind(fp);
 627         if ((dsa = PEM_read_DSAPublicKey(fp, NULL, NULL, NULL)) != NULL) {
 628                 *k = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
 629                 (*k)->type = KEY_DSA;
 630                 (*k)->dsa = dsa;
 631                 fclose(fp);
 632                 return;
 633         }
 634         /* XXX ECDSA */
 635 #endif
 636         fatal("%s: unrecognised raw private key format", __func__);
 637 }
 638
 639 static void
 640 do_convert_from(struct passwd *pw)
 641 {
 642         Key *k = NULL;
 643         int private = 0, ok = 0;
 644         struct stat st;
 645
 646         if (!have_identity)
 647                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
 648         if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
 649                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
 650
 651         switch (convert_format) {
 652         case FMT_RFC4716:
 653                 do_convert_from_ssh2(pw, &k, &private);
 654                 break;
 655         case FMT_PKCS8:
 656                 do_convert_from_pkcs8(&k, &private);
 657                 break;
 658         case FMT_PEM:
 659                 do_convert_from_pem(&k, &private);
 660                 break;
 661         default:
 662                 fatal("%s: unknown key format %d", __func__, convert_format);
 663         }
 664
 665         if (!private)
 666                 ok = key_write(k, stdout);
 667                 if (ok)
 668                         fprintf(stdout, "\n");
 669         else {
 670                 switch (k->type) {
 671                 case KEY_DSA:
 672                         ok = PEM_write_DSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->dsa, NULL,
 673                             NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
 674                         break;
 675 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
 676                 case KEY_ECDSA:
 677                         ok = PEM_write_ECPrivateKey(stdout, k->ecdsa, NULL,
 678                             NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
 679                         break;
 680 #endif
 681                 case KEY_RSA:
 682                         ok = PEM_write_RSAPrivateKey(stdout, k->rsa, NULL,
 683                             NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);
 684                         break;
 685                 default:
 686                         fatal("%s: unsupported key type %s", __func__,
 687                             key_type(k));
 688                 }
 689         }
 690
 691         if (!ok) {
 692                 fprintf(stderr, "key write failed\n");
 693                 exit(1);
 694         }
 695         key_free(k);
 696         exit(0);
 697 }
 698
 699 static void
 700 do_print_public(struct passwd *pw)
 701 {
 702         Key *prv;
 703         struct stat st;
 704
 705         if (!have_identity)
 706                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
 707         if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) {
 708                 perror(identity_file);
 709                 exit(1);
 710         }
 711         prv = load_identity(identity_file);
 712         if (prv == NULL) {
 713                 fprintf(stderr, "load failed\n");
 714                 exit(1);
 715         }
 716         if (!key_write(prv, stdout))
 717                 fprintf(stderr, "key_write failed");
 718         key_free(prv);
 719         fprintf(stdout, "\n");
 720         exit(0);
 721 }
 722
 723 static void
 724 do_download(struct passwd *pw)
 725 {
 726 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
 727         Key **keys = NULL;
 728         int i, nkeys;
 729         enum fp_rep rep;
 730         enum fp_type fptype;
 731         char *fp, *ra;
 732
 733         fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_SHA1 : SSH_FP_MD5;
 734         rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_HEX;
 735
 736         pkcs11_init(0);
 737         nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, NULL, &keys);
 738         if (nkeys <= 0)
 739                 fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
 740         for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
 741                 if (print_fingerprint) {
 742                         fp = key_fingerprint(keys[i], fptype, rep);
 743                         ra = key_fingerprint(keys[i], SSH_FP_MD5,
 744                             SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
 745                         printf("%u %s %s (PKCS11 key)\n", key_size(keys[i]),
 746                             fp, key_type(keys[i]));
 747                         if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
 748                                 printf("%s\n", ra);
 749                         free(ra);
 750                         free(fp);
 751                 } else {
 752                         key_write(keys[i], stdout);
 753                         fprintf(stdout, "\n");
 754                 }
 755                 key_free(keys[i]);
 756         }
 757         free(keys);
 758         pkcs11_terminate();
 759         exit(0);
 760 #else
 761         fatal("no pkcs11 support");
 762 #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
 763 }
 764
 765 static void
 766 do_fingerprint(struct passwd *pw)
 767 {
 768         FILE *f;
 769         Key *public;
 770         char *comment = NULL, *cp, *ep, line[16*1024], *fp, *ra;
 771         int i, skip = 0, num = 0, invalid = 1;
 772         enum fp_rep rep;
 773         enum fp_type fptype;
 774         struct stat st;
 775
 776         fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_SHA1 : SSH_FP_MD5;
 777         rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_HEX;
 778
 779         if (!have_identity)
 780                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
 781         if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) {
 782                 perror(identity_file);
 783                 exit(1);
 784         }
 785         public = key_load_public(identity_file, &comment);
 786         if (public != NULL) {
 787                 fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
 788                 ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
 789                 printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp, comment,
 790                     key_type(public));
 791                 if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
 792                         printf("%s\n", ra);
 793                 key_free(public);
 794                 free(comment);
 795                 free(ra);
 796                 free(fp);
 797                 exit(0);
 798         }
 799         if (comment) {
 800                 free(comment);
 801                 comment = NULL;
 802         }
 803
 804         if ((f = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
 805                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
 806
 807         while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), f)) {
 808                 if ((cp = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) {
 809                         error("line %d too long: %.40s...",
 810                             num + 1, line);
 811                         skip = 1;
 812                         continue;
 813                 }
 814                 num++;
 815                 if (skip) {
 816                         skip = 0;
 817                         continue;
 818                 }
 819                 *cp = '\0';
 820
 821                 /* Skip leading whitespace, empty and comment lines. */
 822                 for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
 823                         ;
 824                 if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#')
 825                         continue;
 826                 i = strtol(cp, &ep, 10);
 827                 if (i == 0 || ep == NULL || (*ep != ' ' && *ep != '\t')) {
 828                         int quoted = 0;
 829                         comment = cp;
 830                         for (; *cp && (quoted || (*cp != ' ' &&
 831                             *cp != '\t')); cp++) {
 832                                 if (*cp == '\\' && cp[1] == '"')
 833                                         cp++;   /* Skip both */
 834                                 else if (*cp == '"')
 835                                         quoted = !quoted;
 836                         }
 837                         if (!*cp)
 838                                 continue;
 839                         *cp++ = '\0';
 840                 }
 841                 ep = cp;
 842                 public = key_new(KEY_RSA1);
 843                 if (key_read(public, &cp) != 1) {
 844                         cp = ep;
 845                         key_free(public);
 846                         public = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
 847                         if (key_read(public, &cp) != 1) {
 848                                 key_free(public);
 849                                 continue;
 850                         }
 851                 }
 852                 comment = *cp ? cp : comment;
 853                 fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
 854                 ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
 855                 printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp,
 856                     comment ? comment : "no comment", key_type(public));
 857                 if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
 858                         printf("%s\n", ra);
 859                 free(ra);
 860                 free(fp);
 861                 key_free(public);
 862                 invalid = 0;
 863         }
 864         fclose(f);
 865
 866         if (invalid) {
 867                 printf("%s is not a public key file.\n", identity_file);
 868                 exit(1);
 869         }
 870         exit(0);
 871 }
 872
 873 static void
 874 do_gen_all_hostkeys(struct passwd *pw)
 875 {
 876         struct {
 877                 char *key_type;
 878                 char *key_type_display;
 879                 char *path;
 880         } key_types[] = {
 881                 { "rsa1", "RSA1", _PATH_HOST_KEY_FILE },
 882                 { "rsa", "RSA" ,_PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE },
 883                 { "dsa", "DSA", _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE },
 884 #ifdef OPENSSL_HAS_ECC
 885                 { "ecdsa", "ECDSA",_PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE },
 886 #endif
 887                 { NULL, NULL, NULL }
 888         };
 889
 890         int first = 0;
 891         struct stat st;
 892         Key *private, *public;
 893         char comment[1024];
 894         int i, type, fd;
 895         FILE *f;
 896
 897         for (i = 0; key_types[i].key_type; i++) {
 898                 if (stat(key_types[i].path, &st) == 0)
 899                         continue;
 900                 if (errno != ENOENT) {
 901                         printf("Could not stat %s: %s", key_types[i].path,
 902                             strerror(errno));
 903                         first = 0;
 904                         continue;
 905                 }
 906
 907                 if (first == 0) {
 908                         first = 1;
 909                         printf("%s: generating new host keys: ", __progname);
 910                 }
 911                 printf("%s ", key_types[i].key_type_display);
 912                 fflush(stdout);
 913                 arc4random_stir();
 914                 type = key_type_from_name(key_types[i].key_type);
 915                 strlcpy(identity_file, key_types[i].path, sizeof(identity_file));
 916                 bits = 0;
 917                 type_bits_valid(type, &bits);
 918                 private = key_generate(type, bits);
 919                 if (private == NULL) {
 920                         fprintf(stderr, "key_generate failed\n");
 921                         first = 0;
 922                         continue;
 923                 }
 924                 public  = key_from_private(private);
 925                 snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name,
 926                     hostname);
 927                 if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, "", comment)) {
 928                         printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
 929                         key_free(private);
 930                         key_free(public);
 931                         first = 0;
 932                         continue;
 933                 }
 934                 key_free(private);
 935                 arc4random_stir();
 936                 strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
 937                 fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
 938                 if (fd == -1) {
 939                         printf("Could not save your public key in %s\n",
 940                             identity_file);
 941                         key_free(public);
 942                         first = 0;
 943                         continue;
 944                 }
 945                 f = fdopen(fd, "w");
 946                 if (f == NULL) {
 947                         printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file);
 948                         key_free(public);
 949                         first = 0;
 950                         continue;
 951                 }
 952                 if (!key_write(public, f)) {
 953                         fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n");
 954                         key_free(public);
 955                         first = 0;
 956                         continue;
 957                 }
 958                 fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
 959                 fclose(f);
 960                 key_free(public);
 961
 962         }
 963         if (first != 0)
 964                 printf("\n");
 965 }
 966
 967 static void
 968 printhost(FILE *f, const char *name, Key *public, int ca, int hash)
 969 {
 970         if (print_fingerprint) {
 971                 enum fp_rep rep;
 972                 enum fp_type fptype;
 973                 char *fp, *ra;
 974
 975                 fptype = print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_SHA1 : SSH_FP_MD5;
 976                 rep =    print_bubblebabble ? SSH_FP_BUBBLEBABBLE : SSH_FP_HEX;
 977                 fp = key_fingerprint(public, fptype, rep);
 978                 ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
 979                 printf("%u %s %s (%s)\n", key_size(public), fp, name,
 980                     key_type(public));
 981                 if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE)
 982                         printf("%s\n", ra);
 983                 free(ra);
 984                 free(fp);
 985         } else {
 986                 if (hash && (name = host_hash(name, NULL, 0)) == NULL)
 987                         fatal("hash_host failed");
 988                 fprintf(f, "%s%s%s ", ca ? CA_MARKER : "", ca ? " " : "", name);
 989                 if (!key_write(public, f))
 990                         fatal("key_write failed");
 991                 fprintf(f, "\n");
 992         }
 993 }
 994
 995 static void
 996 do_known_hosts(struct passwd *pw, const char *name)
 997 {
 998         FILE *in, *out = stdout;
 999         Key *pub;
1000         char *cp, *cp2, *kp, *kp2;
1001         char line[16*1024], tmp[MAXPATHLEN], old[MAXPATHLEN];
1002         int c, skip = 0, inplace = 0, num = 0, invalid = 0, has_unhashed = 0;
1003         int ca;
1004
1005         if (!have_identity) {
1006                 cp = tilde_expand_filename(_PATH_SSH_USER_HOSTFILE, pw->pw_uid);
1007                 if (strlcpy(identity_file, cp, sizeof(identity_file)) >=
1008                     sizeof(identity_file))
1009                         fatal("Specified known hosts path too long");
1010                 free(cp);
1011                 have_identity = 1;
1012         }
1013         if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL)
1014                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
1015
1016         /*
1017          * Find hosts goes to stdout, hash and deletions happen in-place
1018          * A corner case is ssh-keygen -HF foo, which should go to stdout
1019          */
1020         if (!find_host && (hash_hosts || delete_host)) {
1021                 if (strlcpy(tmp, identity_file, sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) ||
1022                     strlcat(tmp, ".XXXXXXXXXX", sizeof(tmp)) >= sizeof(tmp) ||
1023                     strlcpy(old, identity_file, sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old) ||
1024                     strlcat(old, ".old", sizeof(old)) >= sizeof(old))
1025                         fatal("known_hosts path too long");
1026                 umask(077);
1027                 if ((c = mkstemp(tmp)) == -1)
1028                         fatal("mkstemp: %s", strerror(errno));
1029                 if ((out = fdopen(c, "w")) == NULL) {
1030                         c = errno;
1031                         unlink(tmp);
1032                         fatal("fdopen: %s", strerror(c));
1033                 }
1034                 inplace = 1;
1035         }
1036
1037         while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), in)) {
1038                 if ((cp = strchr(line, '\n')) == NULL) {
1039                         error("line %d too long: %.40s...", num + 1, line);
1040                         skip = 1;
1041                         invalid = 1;
1042                         continue;
1043                 }
1044                 num++;
1045                 if (skip) {
1046                         skip = 0;
1047                         continue;
1048                 }
1049                 *cp = '\0';
1050
1051                 /* Skip leading whitespace, empty and comment lines. */
1052                 for (cp = line; *cp == ' ' || *cp == '\t'; cp++)
1053                         ;
1054                 if (!*cp || *cp == '\n' || *cp == '#') {
1055                         if (inplace)
1056                                 fprintf(out, "%s\n", cp);
1057                         continue;
1058                 }
1059                 /* Check whether this is a CA key */
1060                 if (strncasecmp(cp, CA_MARKER, sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1) == 0 &&
1061                     (cp[sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1] == ' ' ||
1062                     cp[sizeof(CA_MARKER) - 1] == '\t')) {
1063                         ca = 1;
1064                         cp += sizeof(CA_MARKER);
1065                 } else
1066                         ca = 0;
1067
1068                 /* Find the end of the host name portion. */
1069                 for (kp = cp; *kp && *kp != ' ' && *kp != '\t'; kp++)
1070                         ;
1071
1072                 if (*kp == '\0' || *(kp + 1) == '\0') {
1073                         error("line %d missing key: %.40s...",
1074                             num, line);
1075                         invalid = 1;
1076                         continue;
1077                 }
1078                 *kp++ = '\0';
1079                 kp2 = kp;
1080
1081                 pub = key_new(KEY_RSA1);
1082                 if (key_read(pub, &kp) != 1) {
1083                         kp = kp2;
1084                         key_free(pub);
1085                         pub = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC);
1086                         if (key_read(pub, &kp) != 1) {
1087                                 error("line %d invalid key: %.40s...",
1088                                     num, line);
1089                                 key_free(pub);
1090                                 invalid = 1;
1091                                 continue;
1092                         }
1093                 }
1094
1095                 if (*cp == HASH_DELIM) {
1096                         if (find_host || delete_host) {
1097                                 cp2 = host_hash(name, cp, strlen(cp));
1098                                 if (cp2 == NULL) {
1099                                         error("line %d: invalid hashed "
1100                                             "name: %.64s...", num, line);
1101                                         invalid = 1;
1102                                         continue;
1103                                 }
1104                                 c = (strcmp(cp2, cp) == 0);
1105                                 if (find_host && c) {
1106                                         printf("# Host %s found: "
1107                                             "line %d type %s%s\n", name,
1108                                             num, key_type(pub),
1109                                             ca ? " (CA key)" : "");
1110                                         printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
1111                                 }
1112                                 if (delete_host) {
1113                                         if (!c && !ca)
1114                                                 printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
1115                                         else
1116                                                 printf("# Host %s found: "
1117                                                     "line %d type %s\n", name,
1118                                                     num, key_type(pub));
1119                                 }
1120                         } else if (hash_hosts)
1121                                 printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
1122                 } else {
1123                         if (find_host || delete_host) {
1124                                 c = (match_hostname(name, cp,
1125                                     strlen(cp)) == 1);
1126                                 if (find_host && c) {
1127                                         printf("# Host %s found: "
1128                                             "line %d type %s%s\n", name,
1129                                             num, key_type(pub),
1130                                             ca ? " (CA key)" : "");
1131                                         printhost(out, name, pub,
1132                                             ca, hash_hosts && !ca);
1133                                 }
1134                                 if (delete_host) {
1135                                         if (!c && !ca)
1136                                                 printhost(out, cp, pub, ca, 0);
1137                                         else
1138                                                 printf("# Host %s found: "
1139                                                     "line %d type %s\n", name,
1140                                                     num, key_type(pub));
1141                                 }
1142                         } else if (hash_hosts) {
1143                                 for (cp2 = strsep(&cp, ",");
1144                                     cp2 != NULL && *cp2 != '\0';
1145                                     cp2 = strsep(&cp, ",")) {
1146                                         if (ca) {
1147                                                 fprintf(stderr, "Warning: "
1148                                                     "ignoring CA key for host: "
1149                                                     "%.64s\n", cp2);
1150                                                 printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 0);
1151                                         } else if (strcspn(cp2, "*?!") !=
1152                                             strlen(cp2)) {
1153                                                 fprintf(stderr, "Warning: "
1154                                                     "ignoring host name with "
1155                                                     "metacharacters: %.64s\n",
1156                                                     cp2);
1157                                                 printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 0);
1158                                         } else
1159                                                 printhost(out, cp2, pub, ca, 1);
1160                                 }
1161                                 has_unhashed = 1;
1162                         }
1163                 }
1164                 key_free(pub);
1165         }
1166         fclose(in);
1167
1168         if (invalid) {
1169                 fprintf(stderr, "%s is not a valid known_hosts file.\n",
1170                     identity_file);
1171                 if (inplace) {
1172                         fprintf(stderr, "Not replacing existing known_hosts "
1173                             "file because of errors\n");
1174                         fclose(out);
1175                         unlink(tmp);
1176                 }
1177                 exit(1);
1178         }
1179
1180         if (inplace) {
1181                 fclose(out);
1182
1183                 /* Backup existing file */
1184                 if (unlink(old) == -1 && errno != ENOENT)
1185                         fatal("unlink %.100s: %s", old, strerror(errno));
1186                 if (link(identity_file, old) == -1)
1187                         fatal("link %.100s to %.100s: %s", identity_file, old,
1188                             strerror(errno));
1189                 /* Move new one into place */
1190                 if (rename(tmp, identity_file) == -1) {
1191                         error("rename\"%s\" to \"%s\": %s", tmp, identity_file,
1192                             strerror(errno));
1193                         unlink(tmp);
1194                         unlink(old);
1195                         exit(1);
1196                 }
1197
1198                 fprintf(stderr, "%s updated.\n", identity_file);
1199                 fprintf(stderr, "Original contents retained as %s\n", old);
1200                 if (has_unhashed) {
1201                         fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: %s contains unhashed "
1202                             "entries\n", old);
1203                         fprintf(stderr, "Delete this file to ensure privacy "
1204                             "of hostnames\n");
1205                 }
1206         }
1207
1208         exit(0);
1209 }
1210
1211 /*
1212  * Perform changing a passphrase.  The argument is the passwd structure
1213  * for the current user.
1214  */
1215 static void
1216 do_change_passphrase(struct passwd *pw)
1217 {
1218         char *comment;
1219         char *old_passphrase, *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
1220         struct stat st;
1221         Key *private;
1222
1223         if (!have_identity)
1224                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1225         if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) {
1226                 perror(identity_file);
1227                 exit(1);
1228         }
1229         /* Try to load the file with empty passphrase. */
1230         private = key_load_private(identity_file, "", &comment);
1231         if (private == NULL) {
1232                 if (identity_passphrase)
1233                         old_passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
1234                 else
1235                         old_passphrase =
1236                             read_passphrase("Enter old passphrase: ",
1237                             RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1238                 private = key_load_private(identity_file, old_passphrase,
1239                     &comment);
1240                 memset(old_passphrase, 0, strlen(old_passphrase));
1241                 free(old_passphrase);
1242                 if (private == NULL) {
1243                         printf("Bad passphrase.\n");
1244                         exit(1);
1245                 }
1246         }
1247         printf("Key has comment '%s'\n", comment);
1248
1249         /* Ask the new passphrase (twice). */
1250         if (identity_new_passphrase) {
1251                 passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
1252                 passphrase2 = NULL;
1253         } else {
1254                 passphrase1 =
1255                         read_passphrase("Enter new passphrase (empty for no "
1256                             "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1257                 passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ",
1258                     RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1259
1260                 /* Verify that they are the same. */
1261                 if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) {
1262                         memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
1263                         memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
1264                         free(passphrase1);
1265                         free(passphrase2);
1266                         printf("Pass phrases do not match.  Try again.\n");
1267                         exit(1);
1268                 }
1269                 /* Destroy the other copy. */
1270                 memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
1271                 free(passphrase2);
1272         }
1273
1274         /* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
1275         if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1, comment)) {
1276                 printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
1277                 memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
1278                 free(passphrase1);
1279                 key_free(private);
1280                 free(comment);
1281                 exit(1);
1282         }
1283         /* Destroy the passphrase and the copy of the key in memory. */
1284         memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
1285         free(passphrase1);
1286         key_free(private);               /* Destroys contents */
1287         free(comment);
1288
1289         printf("Your identification has been saved with the new passphrase.\n");
1290         exit(0);
1291 }
1292
1293 /*
1294  * Print the SSHFP RR.
1295  */
1296 static int
1297 do_print_resource_record(struct passwd *pw, char *fname, char *hname)
1298 {
1299         Key *public;
1300         char *comment = NULL;
1301         struct stat st;
1302
1303         if (fname == NULL)
1304                 fatal("%s: no filename", __func__);
1305         if (stat(fname, &st) < 0) {
1306                 if (errno == ENOENT)
1307                         return 0;
1308                 perror(fname);
1309                 exit(1);
1310         }
1311         public = key_load_public(fname, &comment);
1312         if (public != NULL) {
1313                 export_dns_rr(hname, public, stdout, print_generic);
1314                 key_free(public);
1315                 free(comment);
1316                 return 1;
1317         }
1318         if (comment)
1319                 free(comment);
1320
1321         printf("failed to read v2 public key from %s.\n", fname);
1322         exit(1);
1323 }
1324
1325 /*
1326  * Change the comment of a private key file.
1327  */
1328 static void
1329 do_change_comment(struct passwd *pw)
1330 {
1331         char new_comment[1024], *comment, *passphrase;
1332         Key *private;
1333         Key *public;
1334         struct stat st;
1335         FILE *f;
1336         int fd;
1337
1338         if (!have_identity)
1339                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1340         if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0) {
1341                 perror(identity_file);
1342                 exit(1);
1343         }
1344         private = key_load_private(identity_file, "", &comment);
1345         if (private == NULL) {
1346                 if (identity_passphrase)
1347                         passphrase = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
1348                 else if (identity_new_passphrase)
1349                         passphrase = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
1350                 else
1351                         passphrase = read_passphrase("Enter passphrase: ",
1352                             RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
1353                 /* Try to load using the passphrase. */
1354                 private = key_load_private(identity_file, passphrase, &comment);
1355                 if (private == NULL) {
1356                         memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
1357                         free(passphrase);
1358                         printf("Bad passphrase.\n");
1359                         exit(1);
1360                 }
1361         } else {
1362                 passphrase = xstrdup("");
1363         }
1364         if (private->type != KEY_RSA1) {
1365                 fprintf(stderr, "Comments are only supported for RSA1 keys.\n");
1366                 key_free(private);
1367                 exit(1);
1368         }
1369         printf("Key now has comment '%s'\n", comment);
1370
1371         if (identity_comment) {
1372                 strlcpy(new_comment, identity_comment, sizeof(new_comment));
1373         } else {
1374                 printf("Enter new comment: ");
1375                 fflush(stdout);
1376                 if (!fgets(new_comment, sizeof(new_comment), stdin)) {
1377                         memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
1378                         key_free(private);
1379                         exit(1);
1380                 }
1381                 new_comment[strcspn(new_comment, "\n")] = '\0';
1382         }
1383
1384         /* Save the file using the new passphrase. */
1385         if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase, new_comment)) {
1386                 printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
1387                 memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
1388                 free(passphrase);
1389                 key_free(private);
1390                 free(comment);
1391                 exit(1);
1392         }
1393         memset(passphrase, 0, strlen(passphrase));
1394         free(passphrase);
1395         public = key_from_private(private);
1396         key_free(private);
1397
1398         strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
1399         fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
1400         if (fd == -1) {
1401                 printf("Could not save your public key in %s\n", identity_file);
1402                 exit(1);
1403         }
1404         f = fdopen(fd, "w");
1405         if (f == NULL) {
1406                 printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file);
1407                 exit(1);
1408         }
1409         if (!key_write(public, f))
1410                 fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n");
1411         key_free(public);
1412         fprintf(f, " %s\n", new_comment);
1413         fclose(f);
1414
1415         free(comment);
1416
1417         printf("The comment in your key file has been changed.\n");
1418         exit(0);
1419 }
1420
1421 static const char *
1422 fmt_validity(u_int64_t valid_from, u_int64_t valid_to)
1423 {
1424         char from[32], to[32];
1425         static char ret[64];
1426         time_t tt;
1427         struct tm *tm;
1428
1429         *from = *to = '\0';
1430         if (valid_from == 0 && valid_to == 0xffffffffffffffffULL)
1431                 return "forever";
1432
1433         if (valid_from != 0) {
1434                 /* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */
1435                 tt = valid_from > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : valid_from;
1436                 tm = localtime(&tt);
1437                 strftime(from, sizeof(from), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
1438         }
1439         if (valid_to != 0xffffffffffffffffULL) {
1440                 /* XXX revisit INT_MAX in 2038 :) */
1441                 tt = valid_to > INT_MAX ? INT_MAX : valid_to;
1442                 tm = localtime(&tt);
1443                 strftime(to, sizeof(to), "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", tm);
1444         }
1445
1446         if (valid_from == 0) {
1447                 snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "before %s", to);
1448                 return ret;
1449         }
1450         if (valid_to == 0xffffffffffffffffULL) {
1451                 snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "after %s", from);
1452                 return ret;
1453         }
1454
1455         snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "from %s to %s", from, to);
1456         return ret;
1457 }
1458
1459 static void
1460 add_flag_option(Buffer *c, const char *name)
1461 {
1462         debug3("%s: %s", __func__, name);
1463         buffer_put_cstring(c, name);
1464         buffer_put_string(c, NULL, 0);
1465 }
1466
1467 static void
1468 add_string_option(Buffer *c, const char *name, const char *value)
1469 {
1470         Buffer b;
1471
1472         debug3("%s: %s=%s", __func__, name, value);
1473         buffer_init(&b);
1474         buffer_put_cstring(&b, value);
1475
1476         buffer_put_cstring(c, name);
1477         buffer_put_string(c, buffer_ptr(&b), buffer_len(&b));
1478
1479         buffer_free(&b);
1480 }
1481
1482 #define OPTIONS_CRITICAL        1
1483 #define OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS      2
1484 static void
1485 prepare_options_buf(Buffer *c, int which)
1486 {
1487         buffer_clear(c);
1488         if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 &&
1489             certflags_command != NULL)
1490                 add_string_option(c, "force-command", certflags_command);
1491         if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1492             (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_X_FWD) != 0)
1493                 add_flag_option(c, "permit-X11-forwarding");
1494         if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1495             (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD) != 0)
1496                 add_flag_option(c, "permit-agent-forwarding");
1497         if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1498             (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PORT_FWD) != 0)
1499                 add_flag_option(c, "permit-port-forwarding");
1500         if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1501             (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_PTY) != 0)
1502                 add_flag_option(c, "permit-pty");
1503         if ((which & OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS) != 0 &&
1504             (certflags_flags & CERTOPT_USER_RC) != 0)
1505                 add_flag_option(c, "permit-user-rc");
1506         if ((which & OPTIONS_CRITICAL) != 0 &&
1507             certflags_src_addr != NULL)
1508                 add_string_option(c, "source-address", certflags_src_addr);
1509 }
1510
1511 static Key *
1512 load_pkcs11_key(char *path)
1513 {
1514 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
1515         Key **keys = NULL, *public, *private = NULL;
1516         int i, nkeys;
1517
1518         if ((public = key_load_public(path, NULL)) == NULL)
1519                 fatal("Couldn't load CA public key \"%s\"", path);
1520
1521         nkeys = pkcs11_add_provider(pkcs11provider, identity_passphrase, &keys);
1522         debug3("%s: %d keys", __func__, nkeys);
1523         if (nkeys <= 0)
1524                 fatal("cannot read public key from pkcs11");
1525         for (i = 0; i < nkeys; i++) {
1526                 if (key_equal_public(public, keys[i])) {
1527                         private = keys[i];
1528                         continue;
1529                 }
1530                 key_free(keys[i]);
1531         }
1532         free(keys);
1533         key_free(public);
1534         return private;
1535 #else
1536         fatal("no pkcs11 support");
1537 #endif /* ENABLE_PKCS11 */
1538 }
1539
1540 static void
1541 do_ca_sign(struct passwd *pw, int argc, char **argv)
1542 {
1543         int i, fd;
1544         u_int n;
1545         Key *ca, *public;
1546         char *otmp, *tmp, *cp, *out, *comment, **plist = NULL;
1547         FILE *f;
1548         int v00 = 0; /* legacy keys */
1549
1550         if (key_type_name != NULL) {
1551                 switch (key_type_from_name(key_type_name)) {
1552                 case KEY_RSA_CERT_V00:
1553                 case KEY_DSA_CERT_V00:
1554                         v00 = 1;
1555                         break;
1556                 case KEY_UNSPEC:
1557                         if (strcasecmp(key_type_name, "v00") == 0) {
1558                                 v00 = 1;
1559                                 break;
1560                         } else if (strcasecmp(key_type_name, "v01") == 0)
1561                                 break;
1562                         /* FALLTHROUGH */
1563                 default:
1564                         fprintf(stderr, "unknown key type %s\n", key_type_name);
1565                         exit(1);
1566                 }
1567         }
1568
1569         pkcs11_init(1);
1570         tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid);
1571         if (pkcs11provider != NULL) {
1572                 if ((ca = load_pkcs11_key(tmp)) == NULL)
1573                         fatal("No PKCS#11 key matching %s found", ca_key_path);
1574         } else if ((ca = load_identity(tmp)) == NULL)
1575                 fatal("Couldn't load CA key \"%s\"", tmp);
1576         free(tmp);
1577
1578         for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1579                 /* Split list of principals */
1580                 n = 0;
1581                 if (cert_principals != NULL) {
1582                         otmp = tmp = xstrdup(cert_principals);
1583                         plist = NULL;
1584                         for (; (cp = strsep(&tmp, ",")) != NULL; n++) {
1585                                 plist = xrealloc(plist, n + 1, sizeof(*plist));
1586                                 if (*(plist[n] = xstrdup(cp)) == '\0')
1587                                         fatal("Empty principal name");
1588                         }
1589                         free(otmp);
1590                 }
1591
1592                 tmp = tilde_expand_filename(argv[i], pw->pw_uid);
1593                 if ((public = key_load_public(tmp, &comment)) == NULL)
1594                         fatal("%s: unable to open \"%s\"", __func__, tmp);
1595                 if (public->type != KEY_RSA && public->type != KEY_DSA &&
1596                     public->type != KEY_ECDSA)
1597                         fatal("%s: key \"%s\" type %s cannot be certified",
1598                             __func__, tmp, key_type(public));
1599
1600                 /* Prepare certificate to sign */
1601                 if (key_to_certified(public, v00) != 0)
1602                         fatal("Could not upgrade key %s to certificate", tmp);
1603                 public->cert->type = cert_key_type;
1604                 public->cert->serial = (u_int64_t)cert_serial;
1605                 public->cert->key_id = xstrdup(cert_key_id);
1606                 public->cert->nprincipals = n;
1607                 public->cert->principals = plist;
1608                 public->cert->valid_after = cert_valid_from;
1609                 public->cert->valid_before = cert_valid_to;
1610                 if (v00) {
1611                         prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->critical,
1612                             OPTIONS_CRITICAL|OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS);
1613                 } else {
1614                         prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->critical,
1615                             OPTIONS_CRITICAL);
1616                         prepare_options_buf(&public->cert->extensions,
1617                             OPTIONS_EXTENSIONS);
1618                 }
1619                 public->cert->signature_key = key_from_private(ca);
1620
1621                 if (key_certify(public, ca) != 0)
1622                         fatal("Couldn't not certify key %s", tmp);
1623
1624                 if ((cp = strrchr(tmp, '.')) != NULL && strcmp(cp, ".pub") == 0)
1625                         *cp = '\0';
1626                 xasprintf(&out, "%s-cert.pub", tmp);
1627                 free(tmp);
1628
1629                 if ((fd = open(out, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1)
1630                         fatal("Could not open \"%s\" for writing: %s", out,
1631                             strerror(errno));
1632                 if ((f = fdopen(fd, "w")) == NULL)
1633                         fatal("%s: fdopen: %s", __func__, strerror(errno));
1634                 if (!key_write(public, f))
1635                         fatal("Could not write certified key to %s", out);
1636                 fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
1637                 fclose(f);
1638
1639                 if (!quiet) {
1640                         logit("Signed %s key %s: id \"%s\" serial %llu%s%s "
1641                             "valid %s", key_cert_type(public),
1642                             out, public->cert->key_id,
1643                             (unsigned long long)public->cert->serial,
1644                             cert_principals != NULL ? " for " : "",
1645                             cert_principals != NULL ? cert_principals : "",
1646                             fmt_validity(cert_valid_from, cert_valid_to));
1647                 }
1648
1649                 key_free(public);
1650                 free(out);
1651         }
1652         pkcs11_terminate();
1653         exit(0);
1654 }
1655
1656 static u_int64_t
1657 parse_relative_time(const char *s, time_t now)
1658 {
1659         int64_t mul, secs;
1660
1661         mul = *s == '-' ? -1 : 1;
1662
1663         if ((secs = convtime(s + 1)) == -1)
1664                 fatal("Invalid relative certificate time %s", s);
1665         if (mul == -1 && secs > now)
1666                 fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s);
1667         return now + (u_int64_t)(secs * mul);
1668 }
1669
1670 static u_int64_t
1671 parse_absolute_time(const char *s)
1672 {
1673         struct tm tm;
1674         time_t tt;
1675         char buf[32], *fmt;
1676
1677         /*
1678          * POSIX strptime says "The application shall ensure that there
1679          * is white-space or other non-alphanumeric characters between
1680          * any two conversion specifications" so arrange things this way.
1681          */
1682         switch (strlen(s)) {
1683         case 8:
1684                 fmt = "%Y-%m-%d";
1685                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.4s-%.2s-%.2s", s, s + 4, s + 6);
1686                 break;
1687         case 14:
1688                 fmt = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S";
1689                 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.4s-%.2s-%.2sT%.2s:%.2s:%.2s",
1690                     s, s + 4, s + 6, s + 8, s + 10, s + 12);
1691                 break;
1692         default:
1693                 fatal("Invalid certificate time format %s", s);
1694         }
1695
1696         bzero(&tm, sizeof(tm));
1697         if (strptime(buf, fmt, &tm) == NULL)
1698                 fatal("Invalid certificate time %s", s);
1699         if ((tt = mktime(&tm)) < 0)
1700                 fatal("Certificate time %s cannot be represented", s);
1701         return (u_int64_t)tt;
1702 }
1703
1704 static void
1705 parse_cert_times(char *timespec)
1706 {
1707         char *from, *to;
1708         time_t now = time(NULL);
1709         int64_t secs;
1710
1711         /* +timespec relative to now */
1712         if (*timespec == '+' && strchr(timespec, ':') == NULL) {
1713                 if ((secs = convtime(timespec + 1)) == -1)
1714                         fatal("Invalid relative certificate life %s", timespec);
1715                 cert_valid_to = now + secs;
1716                 /*
1717                  * Backdate certificate one minute to avoid problems on hosts
1718                  * with poorly-synchronised clocks.
1719                  */
1720                 cert_valid_from = ((now - 59)/ 60) * 60;
1721                 return;
1722         }
1723
1724         /*
1725          * from:to, where
1726          * from := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
1727          *   to := [+-]timespec | YYYYMMDD | YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
1728          */
1729         from = xstrdup(timespec);
1730         to = strchr(from, ':');
1731         if (to == NULL || from == to || *(to + 1) == '\0')
1732                 fatal("Invalid certificate life specification %s", timespec);
1733         *to++ = '\0';
1734
1735         if (*from == '-' || *from == '+')
1736                 cert_valid_from = parse_relative_time(from, now);
1737         else
1738                 cert_valid_from = parse_absolute_time(from);
1739
1740         if (*to == '-' || *to == '+')
1741                 cert_valid_to = parse_relative_time(to, cert_valid_from);
1742         else
1743                 cert_valid_to = parse_absolute_time(to);
1744
1745         if (cert_valid_to <= cert_valid_from)
1746                 fatal("Empty certificate validity interval");
1747         free(from);
1748 }
1749
1750 static void
1751 add_cert_option(char *opt)
1752 {
1753         char *val;
1754
1755         if (strcasecmp(opt, "clear") == 0)
1756                 certflags_flags = 0;
1757         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-x11-forwarding") == 0)
1758                 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_X_FWD;
1759         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-x11-forwarding") == 0)
1760                 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_X_FWD;
1761         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-agent-forwarding") == 0)
1762                 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD;
1763         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0)
1764                 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_AGENT_FWD;
1765         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-port-forwarding") == 0)
1766                 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PORT_FWD;
1767         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0)
1768                 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PORT_FWD;
1769         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-pty") == 0)
1770                 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_PTY;
1771         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-pty") == 0)
1772                 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_PTY;
1773         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "no-user-rc") == 0)
1774                 certflags_flags &= ~CERTOPT_USER_RC;
1775         else if (strcasecmp(opt, "permit-user-rc") == 0)
1776                 certflags_flags |= CERTOPT_USER_RC;
1777         else if (strncasecmp(opt, "force-command=", 14) == 0) {
1778                 val = opt + 14;
1779                 if (*val == '\0')
1780                         fatal("Empty force-command option");
1781                 if (certflags_command != NULL)
1782                         fatal("force-command already specified");
1783                 certflags_command = xstrdup(val);
1784         } else if (strncasecmp(opt, "source-address=", 15) == 0) {
1785                 val = opt + 15;
1786                 if (*val == '\0')
1787                         fatal("Empty source-address option");
1788                 if (certflags_src_addr != NULL)
1789                         fatal("source-address already specified");
1790                 if (addr_match_cidr_list(NULL, val) != 0)
1791                         fatal("Invalid source-address list");
1792                 certflags_src_addr = xstrdup(val);
1793         } else
1794                 fatal("Unsupported certificate option \"%s\"", opt);
1795 }
1796
1797 static void
1798 show_options(const Buffer *optbuf, int v00, int in_critical)
1799 {
1800         char *name;
1801         u_char *data;
1802         u_int dlen;
1803         Buffer options, option;
1804
1805         buffer_init(&options);
1806         buffer_append(&options, buffer_ptr(optbuf), buffer_len(optbuf));
1807
1808         buffer_init(&option);
1809         while (buffer_len(&options) != 0) {
1810                 name = buffer_get_string(&options, NULL);
1811                 data = buffer_get_string_ptr(&options, &dlen);
1812                 buffer_append(&option, data, dlen);
1813                 printf("                %s", name);
1814                 if ((v00 || !in_critical) &&
1815                     (strcmp(name, "permit-X11-forwarding") == 0 ||
1816                     strcmp(name, "permit-agent-forwarding") == 0 ||
1817                     strcmp(name, "permit-port-forwarding") == 0 ||
1818                     strcmp(name, "permit-pty") == 0 ||
1819                     strcmp(name, "permit-user-rc") == 0))
1820                         printf("\n");
1821                 else if ((v00 || in_critical) &&
1822                     (strcmp(name, "force-command") == 0 ||
1823                     strcmp(name, "source-address") == 0)) {
1824                         data = buffer_get_string(&option, NULL);
1825                         printf(" %s\n", data);
1826                         free(data);
1827                 } else {
1828                         printf(" UNKNOWN OPTION (len %u)\n",
1829                             buffer_len(&option));
1830                         buffer_clear(&option);
1831                 }
1832                 free(name);
1833                 if (buffer_len(&option) != 0)
1834                         fatal("Option corrupt: extra data at end");
1835         }
1836         buffer_free(&option);
1837         buffer_free(&options);
1838 }
1839
1840 static void
1841 do_show_cert(struct passwd *pw)
1842 {
1843         Key *key;
1844         struct stat st;
1845         char *key_fp, *ca_fp;
1846         u_int i, v00;
1847
1848         if (!have_identity)
1849                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which the key is");
1850         if (stat(identity_file, &st) < 0)
1851                 fatal("%s: %s: %s", __progname, identity_file, strerror(errno));
1852         if ((key = key_load_public(identity_file, NULL)) == NULL)
1853                 fatal("%s is not a public key", identity_file);
1854         if (!key_is_cert(key))
1855                 fatal("%s is not a certificate", identity_file);
1856         v00 = key->type == KEY_RSA_CERT_V00 || key->type == KEY_DSA_CERT_V00;
1857
1858         key_fp = key_fingerprint(key, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
1859         ca_fp = key_fingerprint(key->cert->signature_key,
1860             SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
1861
1862         printf("%s:\n", identity_file);
1863         printf("        Type: %s %s certificate\n", key_ssh_name(key),
1864             key_cert_type(key));
1865         printf("        Public key: %s %s\n", key_type(key), key_fp);
1866         printf("        Signing CA: %s %s\n",
1867             key_type(key->cert->signature_key), ca_fp);
1868         printf("        Key ID: \"%s\"\n", key->cert->key_id);
1869         if (!v00) {
1870                 printf("        Serial: %llu\n",
1871                     (unsigned long long)key->cert->serial);
1872         }
1873         printf("        Valid: %s\n",
1874             fmt_validity(key->cert->valid_after, key->cert->valid_before));
1875         printf("        Principals: ");
1876         if (key->cert->nprincipals == 0)
1877                 printf("(none)\n");
1878         else {
1879                 for (i = 0; i < key->cert->nprincipals; i++)
1880                         printf("\n                %s",
1881                             key->cert->principals[i]);
1882                 printf("\n");
1883         }
1884         printf("        Critical Options: ");
1885         if (buffer_len(&key->cert->critical) == 0)
1886                 printf("(none)\n");
1887         else {
1888                 printf("\n");
1889                 show_options(&key->cert->critical, v00, 1);
1890         }
1891         if (!v00) {
1892                 printf("        Extensions: ");
1893                 if (buffer_len(&key->cert->extensions) == 0)
1894                         printf("(none)\n");
1895                 else {
1896                         printf("\n");
1897                         show_options(&key->cert->extensions, v00, 0);
1898                 }
1899         }
1900         exit(0);
1901 }
1902
1903 static void
1904 load_krl(const char *path, struct ssh_krl **krlp)
1905 {
1906         Buffer krlbuf;
1907         int fd;
1908
1909         buffer_init(&krlbuf);
1910         if ((fd = open(path, O_RDONLY)) == -1)
1911                 fatal("open %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
1912         if (!key_load_file(fd, path, &krlbuf))
1913                 fatal("Unable to load KRL");
1914         close(fd);
1915         /* XXX check sigs */
1916         if (ssh_krl_from_blob(&krlbuf, krlp, NULL, 0) != 0 ||
1917             *krlp == NULL)
1918                 fatal("Invalid KRL file");
1919         buffer_free(&krlbuf);
1920 }
1921
1922 static void
1923 update_krl_from_file(struct passwd *pw, const char *file, const Key *ca,
1924     struct ssh_krl *krl)
1925 {
1926         Key *key = NULL;
1927         u_long lnum = 0;
1928         char *path, *cp, *ep, line[SSH_MAX_PUBKEY_BYTES];
1929         unsigned long long serial, serial2;
1930         int i, was_explicit_key, was_sha1, r;
1931         FILE *krl_spec;
1932
1933         path = tilde_expand_filename(file, pw->pw_uid);
1934         if (strcmp(path, "-") == 0) {
1935                 krl_spec = stdin;
1936                 free(path);
1937                 path = xstrdup("(standard input)");
1938         } else if ((krl_spec = fopen(path, "r")) == NULL)
1939                 fatal("fopen %s: %s", path, strerror(errno));
1940
1941         if (!quiet)
1942                 printf("Revoking from %s\n", path);
1943         while (read_keyfile_line(krl_spec, path, line, sizeof(line),
1944             &lnum) == 0) {
1945                 was_explicit_key = was_sha1 = 0;
1946                 cp = line + strspn(line, " \t");
1947                 /* Trim trailing space, comments and strip \n */
1948                 for (i = 0, r = -1; cp[i] != '\0'; i++) {
1949                         if (cp[i] == '#' || cp[i] == '\n') {
1950                                 cp[i] = '\0';
1951                                 break;
1952                         }
1953                         if (cp[i] == ' ' || cp[i] == '\t') {
1954                                 /* Remember the start of a span of whitespace */
1955                                 if (r == -1)
1956                                         r = i;
1957                         } else
1958                                 r = -1;
1959                 }
1960                 if (r != -1)
1961                         cp[r] = '\0';
1962                 if (*cp == '\0')
1963                         continue;
1964                 if (strncasecmp(cp, "serial:", 7) == 0) {
1965                         if (ca == NULL) {
1966                                 fatal("revoking certificated by serial number "
1967                                     "requires specification of a CA key");
1968                         }
1969                         cp += 7;
1970                         cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
1971                         errno = 0;
1972                         serial = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0);
1973                         if (*cp == '\0' || (*ep != '\0' && *ep != '-'))
1974                                 fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"",
1975                                     path, lnum, cp);
1976                         if (errno == ERANGE && serial == ULLONG_MAX)
1977                                 fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range",
1978                                     path, lnum);
1979                         serial2 = serial;
1980                         if (*ep == '-') {
1981                                 cp = ep + 1;
1982                                 errno = 0;
1983                                 serial2 = strtoull(cp, &ep, 0);
1984                                 if (*cp == '\0' || *ep != '\0')
1985                                         fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial \"%s\"",
1986                                             path, lnum, cp);
1987                                 if (errno == ERANGE && serial2 == ULLONG_MAX)
1988                                         fatal("%s:%lu: serial out of range",
1989                                             path, lnum);
1990                                 if (serial2 <= serial)
1991                                         fatal("%s:%lu: invalid serial range "
1992                                             "%llu:%llu", path, lnum,
1993                                             (unsigned long long)serial,
1994                                             (unsigned long long)serial2);
1995                         }
1996                         if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_serial_range(krl,
1997                             ca, serial, serial2) != 0) {
1998                                 fatal("%s: revoke serial failed",
1999                                     __func__);
2000                         }
2001                 } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "id:", 3) == 0) {
2002                         if (ca == NULL) {
2003                                 fatal("revoking certificated by key ID "
2004                                     "requires specification of a CA key");
2005                         }
2006                         cp += 3;
2007                         cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2008                         if (ssh_krl_revoke_cert_by_key_id(krl, ca, cp) != 0)
2009                                 fatal("%s: revoke key ID failed", __func__);
2010                 } else {
2011                         if (strncasecmp(cp, "key:", 4) == 0) {
2012                                 cp += 4;
2013                                 cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2014                                 was_explicit_key = 1;
2015                         } else if (strncasecmp(cp, "sha1:", 5) == 0) {
2016                                 cp += 5;
2017                                 cp = cp + strspn(cp, " \t");
2018                                 was_sha1 = 1;
2019                         } else {
2020                                 /*
2021                                  * Just try to process the line as a key.
2022                                  * Parsing will fail if it isn't.
2023                                  */
2024                         }
2025                         if ((key = key_new(KEY_UNSPEC)) == NULL)
2026                                 fatal("key_new");
2027                         if (key_read(key, &cp) != 1)
2028                                 fatal("%s:%lu: invalid key", path, lnum);
2029                         if (was_explicit_key)
2030                                 r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_explicit(krl, key);
2031                         else if (was_sha1)
2032                                 r = ssh_krl_revoke_key_sha1(krl, key);
2033                         else
2034                                 r = ssh_krl_revoke_key(krl, key);
2035                         if (r != 0)
2036                                 fatal("%s: revoke key failed", __func__);
2037                         key_free(key);
2038                 }
2039         }
2040         if (strcmp(path, "-") != 0)
2041                 fclose(krl_spec);
2042         free(path);
2043 }
2044
2045 static void
2046 do_gen_krl(struct passwd *pw, int updating, int argc, char **argv)
2047 {
2048         struct ssh_krl *krl;
2049         struct stat sb;
2050         Key *ca = NULL;
2051         int fd, i;
2052         char *tmp;
2053         Buffer kbuf;
2054
2055         if (*identity_file == '\0')
2056                 fatal("KRL generation requires an output file");
2057         if (stat(identity_file, &sb) == -1) {
2058                 if (errno != ENOENT)
2059                         fatal("Cannot access KRL \"%s\": %s",
2060                             identity_file, strerror(errno));
2061                 if (updating)
2062                         fatal("KRL \"%s\" does not exist", identity_file);
2063         }
2064         if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
2065                 tmp = tilde_expand_filename(ca_key_path, pw->pw_uid);
2066                 if ((ca = key_load_public(tmp, NULL)) == NULL)
2067                         fatal("Cannot load CA public key %s", tmp);
2068                 free(tmp);
2069         }
2070
2071         if (updating)
2072                 load_krl(identity_file, &krl);
2073         else if ((krl = ssh_krl_init()) == NULL)
2074                 fatal("couldn't create KRL");
2075
2076         if (cert_serial != 0)
2077                 ssh_krl_set_version(krl, cert_serial);
2078         if (identity_comment != NULL)
2079                 ssh_krl_set_comment(krl, identity_comment);
2080
2081         for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
2082                 update_krl_from_file(pw, argv[i], ca, krl);
2083
2084         buffer_init(&kbuf);
2085         if (ssh_krl_to_blob(krl, &kbuf, NULL, 0) != 0)
2086                 fatal("Couldn't generate KRL");
2087         if ((fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0644)) == -1)
2088                 fatal("open %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
2089         if (atomicio(vwrite, fd, buffer_ptr(&kbuf), buffer_len(&kbuf)) !=
2090             buffer_len(&kbuf))
2091                 fatal("write %s: %s", identity_file, strerror(errno));
2092         close(fd);
2093         buffer_free(&kbuf);
2094         ssh_krl_free(krl);
2095         if (ca != NULL)
2096                 key_free(ca);
2097 }
2098
2099 static void
2100 do_check_krl(struct passwd *pw, int argc, char **argv)
2101 {
2102         int i, r, ret = 0;
2103         char *comment;
2104         struct ssh_krl *krl;
2105         Key *k;
2106
2107         if (*identity_file == '\0')
2108                 fatal("KRL checking requires an input file");
2109         load_krl(identity_file, &krl);
2110         for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
2111                 if ((k = key_load_public(argv[i], &comment)) == NULL)
2112                         fatal("Cannot load public key %s", argv[i]);
2113                 r = ssh_krl_check_key(krl, k);
2114                 printf("%s%s%s%s: %s\n", argv[i],
2115                     *comment ? " (" : "", comment, *comment ? ")" : "",
2116                     r == 0 ? "ok" : "REVOKED");
2117                 if (r != 0)
2118                         ret = 1;
2119                 key_free(k);
2120                 free(comment);
2121         }
2122         ssh_krl_free(krl);
2123         exit(ret);
2124 }
2125
2126 static void
2127 usage(void)
2128 {
2129         fprintf(stderr, "usage: %s [options]\n", __progname);
2130         fprintf(stderr, "Options:\n");
2131         fprintf(stderr, "  -A          Generate non-existent host keys for all key types.\n");
2132         fprintf(stderr, "  -a trials   Number of trials for screening DH-GEX moduli.\n");
2133         fprintf(stderr, "  -B          Show bubblebabble digest of key file.\n");
2134         fprintf(stderr, "  -b bits     Number of bits in the key to create.\n");
2135         fprintf(stderr, "  -C comment  Provide new comment.\n");
2136         fprintf(stderr, "  -c          Change comment in private and public key files.\n");
2137 #ifdef ENABLE_PKCS11
2138         fprintf(stderr, "  -D pkcs11   Download public key from pkcs11 token.\n");
2139 #endif
2140         fprintf(stderr, "  -e          Export OpenSSH to foreign format key file.\n");
2141         fprintf(stderr, "  -F hostname Find hostname in known hosts file.\n");
2142         fprintf(stderr, "  -f filename Filename of the key file.\n");
2143         fprintf(stderr, "  -G file     Generate candidates for DH-GEX moduli.\n");
2144         fprintf(stderr, "  -g          Use generic DNS resource record format.\n");
2145         fprintf(stderr, "  -H          Hash names in known_hosts file.\n");
2146         fprintf(stderr, "  -h          Generate host certificate instead of a user certificate.\n");
2147         fprintf(stderr, "  -I key_id   Key identifier to include in certificate.\n");
2148         fprintf(stderr, "  -i          Import foreign format to OpenSSH key file.\n");
2149         fprintf(stderr, "  -J number   Screen this number of moduli lines.\n");
2150         fprintf(stderr, "  -j number   Start screening moduli at specified line.\n");
2151         fprintf(stderr, "  -K checkpt  Write checkpoints to this file.\n");
2152         fprintf(stderr, "  -k          Generate a KRL file.\n");
2153         fprintf(stderr, "  -L          Print the contents of a certificate.\n");
2154         fprintf(stderr, "  -l          Show fingerprint of key file.\n");
2155         fprintf(stderr, "  -M memory   Amount of memory (MB) to use for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n");
2156         fprintf(stderr, "  -m key_fmt  Conversion format for -e/-i (PEM|PKCS8|RFC4716).\n");
2157         fprintf(stderr, "  -N phrase   Provide new passphrase.\n");
2158         fprintf(stderr, "  -n name,... User/host principal names to include in certificate\n");
2159         fprintf(stderr, "  -O option   Specify a certificate option.\n");
2160         fprintf(stderr, "  -P phrase   Provide old passphrase.\n");
2161         fprintf(stderr, "  -p          Change passphrase of private key file.\n");
2162         fprintf(stderr, "  -Q          Test whether key(s) are revoked in KRL.\n");
2163         fprintf(stderr, "  -q          Quiet.\n");
2164         fprintf(stderr, "  -R hostname Remove host from known_hosts file.\n");
2165         fprintf(stderr, "  -r hostname Print DNS resource record.\n");
2166         fprintf(stderr, "  -S start    Start point (hex) for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n");
2167         fprintf(stderr, "  -s ca_key   Certify keys with CA key.\n");
2168         fprintf(stderr, "  -T file     Screen candidates for DH-GEX moduli.\n");
2169         fprintf(stderr, "  -t type     Specify type of key to create.\n");
2170         fprintf(stderr, "  -u          Update KRL rather than creating a new one.\n");
2171         fprintf(stderr, "  -V from:to  Specify certificate validity interval.\n");
2172         fprintf(stderr, "  -v          Verbose.\n");
2173         fprintf(stderr, "  -W gen      Generator to use for generating DH-GEX moduli.\n");
2174         fprintf(stderr, "  -y          Read private key file and print public key.\n");
2175         fprintf(stderr, "  -z serial   Specify a serial number.\n");
2176
2177         exit(1);
2178 }
2179
2180 /*
2181  * Main program for key management.
2182  */
2183 int
2184 main(int argc, char **argv)
2185 {
2186         char dotsshdir[MAXPATHLEN], comment[1024], *passphrase1, *passphrase2;
2187         char *checkpoint = NULL;
2188         char out_file[MAXPATHLEN], *ep, *rr_hostname = NULL;
2189         Key *private, *public;
2190         struct passwd *pw;
2191         struct stat st;
2192         int opt, type, fd;
2193         u_int32_t memory = 0, generator_wanted = 0, trials = 100;
2194         int do_gen_candidates = 0, do_screen_candidates = 0;
2195         int gen_all_hostkeys = 0, gen_krl = 0, update_krl = 0, check_krl = 0;
2196         unsigned long start_lineno = 0, lines_to_process = 0;
2197         BIGNUM *start = NULL;
2198         FILE *f;
2199         const char *errstr;
2200
2201         extern int optind;
2202         extern char *optarg;
2203
2204         /* Ensure that fds 0, 1 and 2 are open or directed to /dev/null */
2205         sanitise_stdfd();
2206
2207         __progname = ssh_get_progname(argv[0]);
2208
2209         OpenSSL_add_all_algorithms();
2210         log_init(argv[0], SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
2211
2212         seed_rng();
2213
2214         /* we need this for the home * directory.  */
2215         pw = getpwuid(getuid());
2216         if (!pw) {
2217                 printf("No user exists for uid %lu\n", (u_long)getuid());
2218                 exit(1);
2219         }
2220         if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)) < 0) {
2221                 perror("gethostname");
2222                 exit(1);
2223         }
2224
2225         while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, "ABHLQXceghiklpquvxy"
2226             "C:D:F:G:I:J:K:M:N:O:P:R:S:T:V:W:a:b:f:g:j:m:n:r:s:t:z:")) != -1) {
2227                 switch (opt) {
2228                 case 'A':
2229                         gen_all_hostkeys = 1;
2230                         break;
2231                 case 'b':
2232                         bits = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 256, 32768, &errstr);
2233                         if (errstr)
2234                                 fatal("Bits has bad value %s (%s)",
2235                                         optarg, errstr);
2236                         break;
2237                 case 'F':
2238                         find_host = 1;
2239                         rr_hostname = optarg;
2240                         break;
2241                 case 'H':
2242                         hash_hosts = 1;
2243                         break;
2244                 case 'I':
2245                         cert_key_id = optarg;
2246                         break;
2247                 case 'J':
2248                         lines_to_process = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10);
2249                         break;
2250                 case 'j':
2251                         start_lineno = strtoul(optarg, NULL, 10);
2252                         break;
2253                 case 'R':
2254                         delete_host = 1;
2255                         rr_hostname = optarg;
2256                         break;
2257                 case 'L':
2258                         show_cert = 1;
2259                         break;
2260                 case 'l':
2261                         print_fingerprint = 1;
2262                         break;
2263                 case 'B':
2264                         print_bubblebabble = 1;
2265                         break;
2266                 case 'm':
2267                         if (strcasecmp(optarg, "RFC4716") == 0 ||
2268                             strcasecmp(optarg, "ssh2") == 0) {
2269                                 convert_format = FMT_RFC4716;
2270                                 break;
2271                         }
2272                         if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PKCS8") == 0) {
2273                                 convert_format = FMT_PKCS8;
2274                                 break;
2275                         }
2276                         if (strcasecmp(optarg, "PEM") == 0) {
2277                                 convert_format = FMT_PEM;
2278                                 break;
2279                         }
2280                         fatal("Unsupported conversion format \"%s\"", optarg);
2281                 case 'n':
2282                         cert_principals = optarg;
2283                         break;
2284                 case 'p':
2285                         change_passphrase = 1;
2286                         break;
2287                 case 'c':
2288                         change_comment = 1;
2289                         break;
2290                 case 'f':
2291                         if (strlcpy(identity_file, optarg, sizeof(identity_file)) >=
2292                             sizeof(identity_file))
2293                                 fatal("Identity filename too long");
2294                         have_identity = 1;
2295                         break;
2296                 case 'g':
2297                         print_generic = 1;
2298                         break;
2299                 case 'P':
2300                         identity_passphrase = optarg;
2301                         break;
2302                 case 'N':
2303                         identity_new_passphrase = optarg;
2304                         break;
2305                 case 'Q':
2306                         check_krl = 1;
2307                         break;
2308                 case 'O':
2309                         add_cert_option(optarg);
2310                         break;
2311                 case 'C':
2312                         identity_comment = optarg;
2313                         break;
2314                 case 'q':
2315                         quiet = 1;
2316                         break;
2317                 case 'e':
2318                 case 'x':
2319                         /* export key */
2320                         convert_to = 1;
2321                         break;
2322                 case 'h':
2323                         cert_key_type = SSH2_CERT_TYPE_HOST;
2324                         certflags_flags = 0;
2325                         break;
2326                 case 'k':
2327                         gen_krl = 1;
2328                         break;
2329                 case 'i':
2330                 case 'X':
2331                         /* import key */
2332                         convert_from = 1;
2333                         break;
2334                 case 'y':
2335                         print_public = 1;
2336                         break;
2337                 case 's':
2338                         ca_key_path = optarg;
2339                         break;
2340                 case 't':
2341                         key_type_name = optarg;
2342                         break;
2343                 case 'D':
2344                         pkcs11provider = optarg;
2345                         break;
2346                 case 'u':
2347                         update_krl = 1;
2348                         break;
2349                 case 'v':
2350                         if (log_level == SYSLOG_LEVEL_INFO)
2351                                 log_level = SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1;
2352                         else {
2353                                 if (log_level >= SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG1 &&
2354                                     log_level < SYSLOG_LEVEL_DEBUG3)
2355                                         log_level++;
2356                         }
2357                         break;
2358                 case 'r':
2359                         rr_hostname = optarg;
2360                         break;
2361                 case 'W':
2362                         generator_wanted = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1,
2363                             UINT_MAX, &errstr);
2364                         if (errstr)
2365                                 fatal("Desired generator has bad value: %s (%s)",
2366                                         optarg, errstr);
2367                         break;
2368                 case 'a':
2369                         trials = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
2370                         if (errstr)
2371                                 fatal("Invalid number of trials: %s (%s)",
2372                                         optarg, errstr);
2373                         break;
2374                 case 'M':
2375                         memory = (u_int32_t)strtonum(optarg, 1, UINT_MAX, &errstr);
2376                         if (errstr)
2377                                 fatal("Memory limit is %s: %s", errstr, optarg);
2378                         break;
2379                 case 'G':
2380                         do_gen_candidates = 1;
2381                         if (strlcpy(out_file, optarg, sizeof(out_file)) >=
2382                             sizeof(out_file))
2383                                 fatal("Output filename too long");
2384                         break;
2385                 case 'T':
2386                         do_screen_candidates = 1;
2387                         if (strlcpy(out_file, optarg, sizeof(out_file)) >=
2388                             sizeof(out_file))
2389                                 fatal("Output filename too long");
2390                         break;
2391                 case 'K':
2392                         if (strlen(optarg) >= MAXPATHLEN)
2393                                 fatal("Checkpoint filename too long");
2394                         checkpoint = xstrdup(optarg);
2395                         break;
2396                 case 'S':
2397                         /* XXX - also compare length against bits */
2398                         if (BN_hex2bn(&start, optarg) == 0)
2399                                 fatal("Invalid start point.");
2400                         break;
2401                 case 'V':
2402                         parse_cert_times(optarg);
2403                         break;
2404                 case 'z':
2405                         errno = 0;
2406                         cert_serial = strtoull(optarg, &ep, 10);
2407                         if (*optarg < '0' || *optarg > '9' || *ep != '\0' ||
2408                             (errno == ERANGE && cert_serial == ULLONG_MAX))
2409                                 fatal("Invalid serial number \"%s\"", optarg);
2410                         break;
2411                 case '?':
2412                 default:
2413                         usage();
2414                 }
2415         }
2416
2417         /* reinit */
2418         log_init(argv[0], log_level, SYSLOG_FACILITY_USER, 1);
2419
2420         argv += optind;
2421         argc -= optind;
2422
2423         if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
2424                 if (argc < 1 && !gen_krl) {
2425                         printf("Too few arguments.\n");
2426                         usage();
2427                 }
2428         } else if (argc > 0 && !gen_krl && !check_krl) {
2429                 printf("Too many arguments.\n");
2430                 usage();
2431         }
2432         if (change_passphrase && change_comment) {
2433                 printf("Can only have one of -p and -c.\n");
2434                 usage();
2435         }
2436         if (print_fingerprint && (delete_host || hash_hosts)) {
2437                 printf("Cannot use -l with -H or -R.\n");
2438                 usage();
2439         }
2440         if (gen_krl) {
2441                 do_gen_krl(pw, update_krl, argc, argv);
2442                 return (0);
2443         }
2444         if (check_krl) {
2445                 do_check_krl(pw, argc, argv);
2446                 return (0);
2447         }
2448         if (ca_key_path != NULL) {
2449                 if (cert_key_id == NULL)
2450                         fatal("Must specify key id (-I) when certifying");
2451                 do_ca_sign(pw, argc, argv);
2452         }
2453         if (show_cert)
2454                 do_show_cert(pw);
2455         if (delete_host || hash_hosts || find_host)
2456                 do_known_hosts(pw, rr_hostname);
2457         if (pkcs11provider != NULL)
2458                 do_download(pw);
2459         if (print_fingerprint || print_bubblebabble)
2460                 do_fingerprint(pw);
2461         if (change_passphrase)
2462                 do_change_passphrase(pw);
2463         if (change_comment)
2464                 do_change_comment(pw);
2465         if (convert_to)
2466                 do_convert_to(pw);
2467         if (convert_from)
2468                 do_convert_from(pw);
2469         if (print_public)
2470                 do_print_public(pw);
2471         if (rr_hostname != NULL) {
2472                 unsigned int n = 0;
2473
2474                 if (have_identity) {
2475                         n = do_print_resource_record(pw,
2476                             identity_file, rr_hostname);
2477                         if (n == 0) {
2478                                 perror(identity_file);
2479                                 exit(1);
2480                         }
2481                         exit(0);
2482                 } else {
2483
2484                         n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
2485                             _PATH_HOST_RSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
2486                         n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
2487                             _PATH_HOST_DSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
2488                         n += do_print_resource_record(pw,
2489                             _PATH_HOST_ECDSA_KEY_FILE, rr_hostname);
2490
2491                         if (n == 0)
2492                                 fatal("no keys found.");
2493                         exit(0);
2494                 }
2495         }
2496
2497         if (do_gen_candidates) {
2498                 FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "w");
2499
2500                 if (out == NULL) {
2501                         error("Couldn't open modulus candidate file \"%s\": %s",
2502                             out_file, strerror(errno));
2503                         return (1);
2504                 }
2505                 if (bits == 0)
2506                         bits = DEFAULT_BITS;
2507                 if (gen_candidates(out, memory, bits, start) != 0)
2508                         fatal("modulus candidate generation failed");
2509
2510                 return (0);
2511         }
2512
2513         if (do_screen_candidates) {
2514                 FILE *in;
2515                 FILE *out = fopen(out_file, "a");
2516
2517                 if (have_identity && strcmp(identity_file, "-") != 0) {
2518                         if ((in = fopen(identity_file, "r")) == NULL) {
2519                                 fatal("Couldn't open modulus candidate "
2520                                     "file \"%s\": %s", identity_file,
2521                                     strerror(errno));
2522                         }
2523                 } else
2524                         in = stdin;
2525
2526                 if (out == NULL) {
2527                         fatal("Couldn't open moduli file \"%s\": %s",
2528                             out_file, strerror(errno));
2529                 }
2530                 if (prime_test(in, out, trials, generator_wanted, checkpoint,
2531                     start_lineno, lines_to_process) != 0)
2532                         fatal("modulus screening failed");
2533                 return (0);
2534         }
2535
2536         if (gen_all_hostkeys) {
2537                 do_gen_all_hostkeys(pw);
2538                 return (0);
2539         }
2540
2541         arc4random_stir();
2542
2543         if (key_type_name == NULL)
2544                 key_type_name = "rsa";
2545
2546         type = key_type_from_name(key_type_name);
2547         type_bits_valid(type, &bits);
2548
2549         if (!quiet)
2550                 printf("Generating public/private %s key pair.\n", key_type_name);
2551         private = key_generate(type, bits);
2552         if (private == NULL) {
2553                 fprintf(stderr, "key_generate failed\n");
2554                 exit(1);
2555         }
2556         public  = key_from_private(private);
2557
2558         if (!have_identity)
2559                 ask_filename(pw, "Enter file in which to save the key");
2560
2561         /* Create ~/.ssh directory if it doesn't already exist. */
2562         snprintf(dotsshdir, sizeof dotsshdir, "%s/%s",
2563             pw->pw_dir, _PATH_SSH_USER_DIR);
2564         if (strstr(identity_file, dotsshdir) != NULL) {
2565                 if (stat(dotsshdir, &st) < 0) {
2566                         if (errno != ENOENT) {
2567                                 error("Could not stat %s: %s", dotsshdir,
2568                                     strerror(errno));
2569                         } else if (mkdir(dotsshdir, 0700) < 0) {
2570                                 error("Could not create directory '%s': %s",
2571                                     dotsshdir, strerror(errno));
2572                         } else if (!quiet)
2573                                 printf("Created directory '%s'.\n", dotsshdir);
2574                 }
2575         }
2576         /* If the file already exists, ask the user to confirm. */
2577         if (stat(identity_file, &st) >= 0) {
2578                 char yesno[3];
2579                 printf("%s already exists.\n", identity_file);
2580                 printf("Overwrite (y/n)? ");
2581                 fflush(stdout);
2582                 if (fgets(yesno, sizeof(yesno), stdin) == NULL)
2583                         exit(1);
2584                 if (yesno[0] != 'y' && yesno[0] != 'Y')
2585                         exit(1);
2586         }
2587         /* Ask for a passphrase (twice). */
2588         if (identity_passphrase)
2589                 passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_passphrase);
2590         else if (identity_new_passphrase)
2591                 passphrase1 = xstrdup(identity_new_passphrase);
2592         else {
2593 passphrase_again:
2594                 passphrase1 =
2595                         read_passphrase("Enter passphrase (empty for no "
2596                             "passphrase): ", RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
2597                 passphrase2 = read_passphrase("Enter same passphrase again: ",
2598                     RP_ALLOW_STDIN);
2599                 if (strcmp(passphrase1, passphrase2) != 0) {
2600                         /*
2601                          * The passphrases do not match.  Clear them and
2602                          * retry.
2603                          */
2604                         memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
2605                         memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
2606                         free(passphrase1);
2607                         free(passphrase2);
2608                         printf("Passphrases do not match.  Try again.\n");
2609                         goto passphrase_again;
2610                 }
2611                 /* Clear the other copy of the passphrase. */
2612                 memset(passphrase2, 0, strlen(passphrase2));
2613                 free(passphrase2);
2614         }
2615
2616         if (identity_comment) {
2617                 strlcpy(comment, identity_comment, sizeof(comment));
2618         } else {
2619                 /* Create default comment field for the passphrase. */
2620                 snprintf(comment, sizeof comment, "%s@%s", pw->pw_name, hostname);
2621         }
2622
2623         /* Save the key with the given passphrase and comment. */
2624         if (!key_save_private(private, identity_file, passphrase1, comment)) {
2625                 printf("Saving the key failed: %s.\n", identity_file);
2626                 memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
2627                 free(passphrase1);
2628                 exit(1);
2629         }
2630         /* Clear the passphrase. */
2631         memset(passphrase1, 0, strlen(passphrase1));
2632         free(passphrase1);
2633
2634         /* Clear the private key and the random number generator. */
2635         key_free(private);
2636         arc4random_stir();
2637
2638         if (!quiet)
2639                 printf("Your identification has been saved in %s.\n", identity_file);
2640
2641         strlcat(identity_file, ".pub", sizeof(identity_file));
2642         fd = open(identity_file, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
2643         if (fd == -1) {
2644                 printf("Could not save your public key in %s\n", identity_file);
2645                 exit(1);
2646         }
2647         f = fdopen(fd, "w");
2648         if (f == NULL) {
2649                 printf("fdopen %s failed\n", identity_file);
2650                 exit(1);
2651         }
2652         if (!key_write(public, f))
2653                 fprintf(stderr, "write key failed\n");
2654         fprintf(f, " %s\n", comment);
2655         fclose(f);
2656
2657         if (!quiet) {
2658                 char *fp = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5, SSH_FP_HEX);
2659                 char *ra = key_fingerprint(public, SSH_FP_MD5,
2660                     SSH_FP_RANDOMART);
2661                 printf("Your public key has been saved in %s.\n",
2662                     identity_file);
2663                 printf("The key fingerprint is:\n");
2664                 printf("%s %s\n", fp, comment);
2665                 printf("The key's randomart image is:\n");
2666                 printf("%s\n", ra);
2667                 free(ra);
2668                 free(fp);
2669         }
2670
2671         key_free(public);
2672         exit(0);
2673 }