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26 <info><title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
28 <author><orgname>The &os; Project</orgname></author>
30 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
48 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
52 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
62 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
63 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
64 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
65 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
66 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
67 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
72 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
73 <title>Introduction</title>
75 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
76 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
77 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
78 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
80 <para>The latest, up-to-date version of the release notes are
81 available online at <uri
82 xlink:href="&release.url;10.0R/relnotes.html">&release.url;10.0R/relnotes.html</uri>.</para>
84 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to which
85 these release notes apply represents the latest point along the
86 &release.branch; development branch since &release.branch; was
87 created. Information regarding pre-built, binary &release.type;
88 distributions along this branch can be found at <uri
89 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
91 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
92 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
93 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and the
94 future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built, binary
95 &release.type; distributions along this branch can be found at
96 <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
98 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
99 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
100 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
101 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or other)
102 &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the <link
103 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
104 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
105 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os; Handbook</link>.</para>
107 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata before
108 installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
109 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
110 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
111 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections to
112 documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
113 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
117 <title>What's New</title>
119 <para>This section describes the most user-visible new or changed
120 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
121 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
122 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
124 <para>Typical release note items document recent security advisories
125 issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware support, new
126 commands or options, major bug fixes, or contributed software
127 upgrades. They may also list changes to major ports/packages or
128 release engineering practices. Clearly the release notes cannot
129 list every single change made to &os; between releases; this
130 document focuses primarily on security advisories, user-visible
131 changes, and major architectural improvements.</para>
133 <sect2 xml:id="security">
134 <title>Security Advisories</title>
136 <para>No security advisories.</para>
139 <sect2 xml:id="kernel">
140 <title>Kernel Changes</title>
142 <para revision="248508">The use of unmapped VMIO buffers
143 eliminates the need to perform TLB shootdown for mapping on
144 buffer creation and reuse, greatly reducing the amount of IPIs
145 for shootdown on big-SMP machines and eliminating up to 25-30%
146 of the system time on i/o intensive workloads.</para>
148 <para arch="amd64" revision="254466">The maximum amount of memory
149 the &os; kernel can address has been increased from 1TB to
152 <para>A new &man.cpuset.2; API has been added for thread to CPU
153 binding and CPU resource grouping and assignment. The
154 &man.cpuset.1; userland utility has been added to allow
155 manipulation of processor sets.</para>
157 <para role="merged">The &man.ddb.4; kernel debugger now has an
158 output capture facility. Input and output from &man.ddb.4; can
159 now be captured to a memory buffer for later inspection using
160 &man.sysctl.8; or a textdump. The new
161 <command>capture</command> command controls this feature.</para>
163 <para role="merged">The &man.ddb.4; debugger now supports a simple
164 scripting facility, which supports a set of named scripts
165 consisting of a set of &man.ddb.4; commands. These commands can
166 be managed from within &man.ddb.4; or with the use of the new
167 &man.ddb.8; utility. More details can be found in the
168 &man.ddb.4; manual page.</para>
170 <para role="merged">The kernel now supports a new textdump format
171 of kernel dumps. A textdump provides higher-level information
172 via mechanically generated/extracted debugging output, rather
173 than a simple memory dump. This facility can be used to
174 generate brief kernel bug reports that are rich in debugging
175 information, but are not dependent on kernel symbol tables or
176 precisely synchronized source code. More information can be
177 found in the &man.textdump.4; manual page.</para>
179 <para>Kernel support for M:N threading has been removed. While
180 the KSE (Kernel Scheduled Entities) project was quite successful
181 in bringing threading to FreeBSD, the M:N approach taken by the
182 KSE library was never developed to its full potential.
183 Backwards compatibility for applications using KSE threading
184 will be provided via &man.libmap.conf.5; for dynamically linked
185 binaries. The &os; Project greatly appreciates the work of
186 &a.julian;, &a.deischen;, and &a.davidxu; on KSE support.</para>
188 <para>The &os; kernel now exports information about certain kernel
189 features via the <varname>kern.features</varname> sysctl tree.
190 The &man.feature.present.3; library call provides a convenient
191 interface for user applications to test the presence of
194 <para arch="amd64">The &os; kernel now has support for large
195 memory page mappings (<quote>superpages</quote>).</para>
197 <para arch="amd64,i386,ia64,powerpc" role="merged">The ULE
198 scheduler is now the default process scheduler
199 in <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernels.</para>
201 <para arch="amd64,i386" revision="240135">Support was added for
202 the new Intel on-CPU Bull Mountain random number
203 generator, found on IvyBridge and supposedly later CPUs,
204 accessible with the RDRAND instruction.</para>
206 <sect3 xml:id="kernel-virtualization">
207 <title>Virtualization support</title>
208 <para arch="amd64" revision="245652">The BSD Hypervisor,
209 &man.bhyve.8; is included with &os;. &man.bhyve.8; requires
210 Intel CPUs with VT-x and Extended Page Table (EPT) support.
211 These features are on all Nehalem models and beyond (e.g.
212 Nehalem and newer), but not on the lower-end Atom CPUs.</para>
214 <para revision="227652">&man.virtio.4; support has been added.
215 &man.virtio.4; is the name for the paravirtualization
216 interface developed for the Linux KVM, but since adopted to
217 other virtual machine hypervisors (with the notable exception
218 of Xen). This work brings in a BSD-licensed clean-room
219 implementation of the virtio kernel drivers for disk IO
220 (&man.virtio_blk.4; and &man.virtio_scsi.4;), network IO
221 (&man.vtnet.4;), memory ballooning (&man.virtio_balloon.4;),
222 and PCI. Tested with on Qemu/KVM, VirtualBox, and
223 &man.bhyve.4;.</para>
225 <para arch="amd64,i386" revision="255524">Paravirtualized
226 drivers which support Microsoft Hyper-V have been imported and
227 made part of the amd64 GENERIC kernel. For i386, these
228 drivers are not part of GENERIC, so the following lines must
229 be added to <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename> to load
230 these drivers:</para>
232 <programlisting>hv_ata_pci_disengage_load="YES"
235 hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting>
237 <para>Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be added to the
238 i386 kernel by adding <literal>device hyperv</literal> to the
239 kernel config, and then recompiling the kernel. Please refer
240 to <link xlink:href="http://wiki.freebsd.org/HyperV">FreeBSD
241 and Microsoft Windows Server Hyper-V support</link> for full
242 instructions on how to set up Hyper-V support under
245 <para revision="254738">The &man.vmx.4; driver has been added.
246 &man.vmx.4; is a VMware VMXNET3 ethernet driver ported from
249 <para revision="255744" arch="amd64,i386">Xen PVHVM
250 virtualization is now part of the GENERIC kernel.</para>
253 <sect3 xml:id="kernel-arm">
254 <title>ARM support</title>
256 <para revision="239922">Raspberry PI support has been added.
258 xlink:href="http://kernelnomicon.org/?p=164">setup
259 instructions</link> and this <link
260 xlink:href="http://www.raspberrypi.org/quick-start-guide">quick
261 start guide</link>.</para>
263 <para revision="253396">The default ABI on ARM is now the ARM
264 EABI. This brings a number of improvements and allows future
265 support for VFP and Thumb-2.</para>
267 <para revision="239268">ARM support has been greatly improved,
268 including support for ARMv6 and ARMv7, SMP and thread-local
269 storage (TLS). Additionally support for some newer SoC like
270 the MV78x60 and OMAP4 was added. See the <link
271 xlink:href="http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-arm/2012-August/003757.html">announcement</link>
272 for further details.</para>
274 <para revision="254918">Superpages support on ARM has been
275 added. Superpages support provides improved performance and
276 scalability by allowing TLB translations to dynamically cover
277 large physical memory regions. All ARMv6 and ARMv7-based
278 platforms can take advantage of this feature. See the <link
279 xlink:href="https://wiki.freebsd.org/ARMSuperpages">ARM
280 Superpages status</link> page for further details.</para>
283 <sect3 xml:id="boot">
284 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
286 <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">The BTX kernel used by the
287 boot loader has been changed to invoke BIOS routines from real
288 mode. This change makes it possible to boot &os; from USB
291 <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">A new &man.gptboot.8; boot
292 loader has been added to support booting from a GPT labeled
293 disk. A new <command>boot</command> command has been added to
294 &man.gpart.8;, which makes a GPT disk bootable by writing the
295 required bits of the boot loader, creating a new boot
296 partition if required.</para>
299 <sect3 xml:id="proc">
300 <title>Hardware Support</title>
302 <para role="merged">The &man.cmx.4; driver, a driver for Omnikey
303 CardMan 4040 PCMCIA smartcard readers, has been added.</para>
305 <para>The &man.syscons.4; driver now supports the Colemak
306 keyboard layout.</para>
308 <para role="merged">The &man.uslcom.4; driver, a driver for
309 Silicon Laboratories CP2101/CP2102-based USB serial adapters,
310 has been imported from OpenBSD.</para>
313 <title>Multimedia Support</title>
315 <para revision="240609">Support for version 2.0 of the USB
316 Audio reference design has been added. New devices should
317 support higher bandwidth, increased sampling frequency and
318 wider dynamic range.</para>
321 <sect4 xml:id="net-if">
322 <title>Network Interface Support</title>
324 <para>The &man.ale.4; driver has been added to provide support
325 for Atheros AR8121/AR8113/AR8114 Gigabit/Fast Ethernet
328 <para>The &man.em.4; driver has been split into two drivers
329 with some common parts. The &man.em.4; driver will continue
330 to support adapters up to the 82575, as well as new
331 client/desktop adapters. A new &man.igb.4; driver
332 will support new server adapters.</para>
334 <para>The &man.jme.4; driver has been added to provide support
335 for PCIe network adapters based on JMicron JMC250 Gigabit
336 Ethernet and JMC260 Fast Ethernet controllers.</para>
338 <para>The &man.malo.4; driver has been added to provide
339 support for Marvell Libertas 88W8335 based PCI network
342 <para>The firmware for the &man.mxge.4; driver has been
343 updated from 1.4.25 to 1.4.29.</para>
345 <para>The &man.sf.4; driver has been overhauled to improve its
346 performance and to add support for checksum offloading. It
347 should also work on all architectures.</para>
349 <para>The &man.re.4; driver has been overhauled to fix a
350 number of issues. This driver now has Wake On LAN (WOL)
353 <para>The &man.vr.4; driver has been overhauled to fix a
354 number of outstanding issues. It also now works on all
355 architectures.</para>
357 <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">The &man.wpi.4; driver has
358 been updated to include a number of stability fixes.</para>
360 <para revision="248925">The &man.cxgbe.4; driver has been
361 updated to support 40G/10G Ethernet NICs based on Chelsio's
362 Terminator 5 (T5) ASIC.</para>
364 <para revision="256694">The &man.if_cxgbe.4; driver has been
365 added. This is an experimental iWARP/RDMA driver (kernel
366 verbs only) for Chelsio's T4 and T5 based cards.</para>
368 <para revision="255932">The Open Fabrics Enterprise
369 Distribution (OFED) and OFED Infiniband core has been
370 updated to the same version as supplied by Linux version
373 <para revision="255932">The Mellanox Infiniband driver has
374 been updated to firmware version 2.30.3200 for ConnectX3
375 NICs. Support has been added for ConnectX3 VPI NICs, where
376 each port can be used as Infiniband 56 GB/s or Ethernet 40
377 GB/s. Support has been added for dynamically loading kernel
378 modules for Infiniband core (ibcore) and IP over Infiniband
381 <para revision="227614">&man.netmap.4; has been added.
382 &man.netmap.4; is a framework for high-performance
383 direct-to-hardware packet IO, offering low latency and high
384 PPS rates to userland applications while bypassing any
385 kernel-side packet processing. With &man.netmap.4; it is
386 trivially possible to fully saturate a 10 Gbps network
387 interface with minimal packet sizes. For more information,
389 xlink:href="http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/netmap/">Netmap
390 Project</link>.</para>
394 <sect3 xml:id="net-proto">
395 <title>Network Protocols</title>
397 <para revision="228571">&man.carp.4; has been rewritten to make
398 addresses more sane from the viewpoint of routing daemons such
399 as quagga/zebra. It also brings support for a single redundant
400 address on the subnet (carpdev), switching state with
401 &man.ifconfig.8;, better locking and using modern kernel
402 interfaces to allocate multicast memberships. Configuration
403 of the CARP protocol via &man.ifconfig.8; has changed, as well
404 as the format of CARP events submitted to &man.devd.8;. See
405 &man.carp.4; for more information. The arpbalance feature of
406 &man.carp.4; is currently not supported anymore.</para>
408 <para revision="240233">The &man.pf.4; firewall now supports
409 fine-grain locking and better utilization on multi-CPU
410 machines, resulting in significant improvements in
413 <para revision="250700">Support for up to 65536 routing tables
414 has been introduced.</para>
416 <para revision="248552">Support for setting/matching
417 differentiated services codepoints (DSCP) in IP header has
418 been added to &man.ipfw.8;.</para>
421 <sect3 xml:id="disks">
422 <title>Disks and Storage</title>
424 <para role="merged">The &man.aac.4; driver now supports volumes
425 larger than 2TB in size.</para>
427 <para>The &man.ata.4; driver now supports a spindown command for
428 disks; after a configurable amount of time, if no requests
429 have been received for a disk, the disk will be spun down
430 until the next request. The &man.atacontrol.8; utility now
431 supports a <command>spindown</command> command to configure
434 <para role="merged">The &man.hptrr.4; driver has been updated to
435 version 1.2 from Highpoint.</para>
437 <para revision="240616">&man.nvme.4; has been added and provides
438 NVM Express support. NVM Express is an optimized register
439 interface, command set and feature set of PCI Express
440 (PCIe)-based Solid-State Drives (SSDs). For more information,
442 xlink:href="http://www.nvmexpress.org/">nvmexpress.org</link>.</para>
446 <title>File Systems</title>
448 <para revision="255570">A new kernel-based iSCSI target and
449 initiator has been added.</para>
451 <para revision="243246">UFS filesystems can now be enlarged with
452 &man.growfs.8; while mounted read-write. This is especially
453 useful for virtual machines, allowing the addition of more
454 harddrive space without interruption of service.</para>
456 <para revision="241519">A state of the art FUSE implementation
457 is now part of the base system. It allows the use of nearly
458 all fusefs file systems.</para>
460 <sect4 xml:id="fs-zfs">
463 <para revision="">&man.bsdinstall.8; now supports installing
464 ZFS on the root file system. It includes a single
465 configuration menu that allows you to select all of the
466 required details, including which drives to use, what ZFS
467 RAID level to use (taking into consideration the selected
468 number of drives), GPT or MBR, GELI encryption, forcing 4K
469 sectors, pool name, etc.</para>
471 <para revision="240868">TRIM support has been added for
474 <para revision="246586">Support for the high-performance LZ4
475 compression algorithm has been added to ZFS. LZ4 is usually
476 faster and can achieve a higher compression ratio than LZJB,
477 the default compression algorithm.</para>
479 <para revision="252140">Support for L2ARC compression has been
482 <para revision="243524">The zio nop-write improvement from
483 Illumos was imported into &os;. To reduce I/O, nop-write
484 skips overwriting data if the (cryptographically secure)
485 checksum of new data matches the checksum of existing data.
486 It also saves space if snapshots are in use. This
487 improvement only works on datasets with enabled compression,
488 disabled deduplication and sha256 checksums. ZFS will now
489 compare the checksums of incoming writes to the checksum of
490 the existing on-disk data and avoid issuing any write I/O
491 for data that has not changed. This will reduce I/O as well
492 as space usage because if the old block is referenced by
493 a snapshot, both copies of the block are kept even though
494 both contain the same data.</para>
499 <sect2 xml:id="userland">
500 <title>Userland Changes</title>
502 <para revision="255321">On platforms where &man.clang.1; is the default
503 system compiler (such as i386, amd64, arm), GCC and GNU libstdc++ are no
504 longer built by default. &man.clang.1; and libc++ from LLVM are used on
505 these platforms by instead. GCC 4.2.1 and libstdc++ are still built
506 and used by default on pc98 and all other platforms where &man.clang.1;
507 is not the default system compiler.</para>
509 <para revision="251662">&man.clang.1; and llvm have been updated to
510 version 3.3 release. Please refer to <link
511 xlink:href="http://llvm.org/releases/3.3/tools/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.html">
512 Clang 3.3 Release Notes</link>.</para>
514 <para role="merged" revision="255949">BIND has been replaced by
515 &man.unbound.8; for local DNS resolution in the base system.
516 With this change, nslookup and dig are no longer a part of the
517 base system. Users should instead use &man.host.1; and
518 &man.drill.1; Alternatively, nslookup and dig can be obtained by
519 installing the dns/bind-tools port.</para>
521 <para revision="225937">sysinstall has been removed from the base
522 system. Auxiliary libraries and tools used by sysinstall such
523 as libdisk, libftpio, and sade have also been removed.
524 sysinstall has been replaced by &man.bsdinstall.8; and
525 &man.bsdconfig.8;.</para>
527 <para revision="256106">&man.freebsd-version.1; has been added.
528 This tool makes a best effort to determine the version and patch
529 level of the installed kernel and userland.</para>
531 <para revision="255191">GNU patch has been removed from the base
532 system, and replaced by a BSD-licensed &man.patch.1;
535 <para revision="241511">GNU sort has been removed from the base
536 system, and replaced by a BSD-licensed &man.sort.1;
539 <para revision="235723">Berkely yacc (byacc) has been imported
541 xlink:href="http://invisible-island.net/byacc/">invisible
542 island</link>. This brings bison compatibilities to
543 &man.yacc.1; while preserving full backwards compatibility with
544 previous version of &man.yacc.1;.</para>
546 <para revision="250881">&man.lex.1; has been replaced by flex
549 <para revision="250699">&man.make.1; has been replaced with the
550 <quote>Portable</quote> BSD make tool (bmake) from
553 <para role="merged">The &man.adduser.8; utility now supports
554 a <option>-M</option> option to set the mode of a new user's
555 home directory.</para>
557 <para>BSD-licensed versions of &man.ar.1; and &man.ranlib.1;,
558 based on &man.libarchive.3;, have replaced the GNU Binutils
559 versions of these utilities.</para>
561 <para>BSD-licensed versions of &man.bc.1; and &man.dc.1; have
562 replaced their GNU counterparts.</para>
564 <para role="merged">&man.chflags.1; now supports
565 a <option>-v</option> flag for verbose output and
566 a <option>-f</option> flag to ignore errors with the same
567 semantics as (for example) &man.chmod.1;.</para>
569 <para>For compatibility with other implementations, &man.cp.1; now
570 supports a <option>-a</option> flag, which is equivalent to
571 specifying the <option>-RrP</option> flags.</para>
573 <para>BSD-licensed version of &man.cpio.1; based on
574 &man.libarchive.3;, has replaced the GNU cpio. Note that the
575 GNU cpio is still installed as
576 <filename>gcpio</filename>.</para>
578 <para>The &man.env.1; program now supports <option>-u
579 <replaceable>name</replaceable></option> which will completely
580 unset the given variable <replaceable>name</replaceable> by
581 removing it from the environment, instead of just setting it to
584 <para>The &man.fdopendir.3; library function has been
587 <para role="merged">The &man.fetch.3; library now supports HTTP
588 1.1 If-Modified-Since behavior. The &man.fetch.1; program now
589 supports <option>-i <replaceable>filename</replaceable></option>
590 which will only download the specified HTTP URL if the content
591 is newer than <replaceable>filename</replaceable>.</para>
593 <para>&man.find.1; has been enhanced by the addition of a number
594 of primaries that were present in GNU find but not &os;
597 <para>&man.kgdb.1; now supports a new <command>add-kld</command>
598 command to make it easier to debug crash dumps with kernel
601 <para>The &man.ls.1; program now supports a <option>-D</option>
602 option to specify a date format string to be used with the long
603 format (<option>-l</option>) output.</para>
605 <para>&man.nc.1; now supports a <option>-O</option> switch to
606 disable the use of TCP options.</para>
608 <para>&man.nc.1;'s <option>-o</option> switch has been deprecated.
609 It will be removed in a future release.</para>
611 <para>The &man.ping6.8; utility now returns <literal>2</literal>
612 when the packet transmission was successful but no responses
613 were received (this is the same behavior as &man.ping.8;).
614 It returned a non-zero value before this change.</para>
616 <para>The &man.procstat.1; utility has been added to display
617 detailed information about processes.</para>
619 <para role="merged">The &man.realpath.1; utility now supports
620 a <option>-q</option> flag to suppress warnings; it now also
621 accepts multiple paths on its command line.</para>
623 <para>&man.sh.1; has many bug fixes, some new features, and will
624 now refuse to parse some invalid scripts. Additionally, it now
625 has filename completion and defaults to the <quote>emacs</quote>
628 <para>The &man.split.1; utility now supports a <option>-n</option>
629 flag to split a file into a certain number of chunks.</para>
631 <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports a <option>-Z</option>
632 flag to enable &man.compress.1;-style
633 compression/decompression.</para>
635 <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports a
636 <option>--numeric-owner</option> flag to ignore user/group names
637 on create and extract.</para>
639 <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports the
640 <option>-S</option> flag to sparsify files on extraction.</para>
642 <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports a <option>-s</option>
643 flag to substitute filenames based on the specified regular
646 <para>The &man.tcgetsid.3; library function has been added to
647 return the process group ID for the session leader for the
648 controlling terminal. It is defined in IEEE Std 1003.1-2001
651 <para>&man.top.1; now supports a <option>-P</option> flag to
652 provide per-CPU usage statistics.</para>
654 <para>&man.zdump.8; is now working properly on 64-bit
655 architectures.</para>
657 <para>&man.traceroute.8; now has the ability to print the AS
658 number for each hop with the new <option>-a</option> switch; a
659 new <option>-A</option> option allows selecting a particular
662 <para>&man.traceroute6.8; now supports a <option>-U</option> flag
663 to send probe packets with no upper-layer protocol, rather than
664 the usual UDP probe packets.</para>
666 <sect3 xml:id="rc-scripts">
667 <title><filename>/etc/rc.d</filename> Scripts</title>
669 <para>The followoing &man.rc.8; scripts have been added:</para>
671 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
673 <colspec colwidth="1*" />
674 <colspec colwidth="1*" />
677 <entry>&man.rc.8; Script</entry>
678 <entry>Function</entry>
684 <entry><filename>ctld</filename></entry>
685 <entry><para>iSCSI target daemon startup
686 script</para></entry>
689 <entry><filename>iscsictl</filename></entry>
690 <entry><para>iSCSI initiator management utility
691 startup script</para></entry>
694 <entry><filename>iscsid</filename></entry>
695 <entry><para>iSCSI initiatior daemon startup
696 script</para></entry>
699 <entry><filename>kfd</filename></entry>
700 <entry><para>Kerberos ticket forwarding daemon
701 startup script</para></entry>
704 <entry><filename>local_unbound</filename></entry>
705 <entry><para>Unbound startup script for the local
706 caching resolver</para></entry>
709 <entry><filename>postrandom</filename></entry>
710 <entry><para>Generates a new entropy file at system
714 <entry><filename>swap</filename></entry>
715 <entry><para>Replaces <filename>swap1</filename>;
716 enable swap at system boot</para></entry>
719 <entry><filename>swaplate</filename></entry>
720 <entry><para>Enables swap with <quote>late</quote>
721 set at system boot</para></entry>
724 <entry><filename>utx</filename></entry>
725 <entry><para>User accounting database startup and
726 shutdown script</para></entry>
732 <para>The following &man.rc.8; scripts have been removed:</para>
734 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
736 <colspec colwidth="1*" />
739 <entry>&man.rc.8; Script</entry>
740 <entry><para>Reason</para></entry>
746 <entry><filename>encswap</filename></entry>
747 <entry><para>Replaced by <filename>swap</filename> and
748 <filename>swaplate</filename></para></entry>
751 <entry><filename>named</filename></entry>
752 <entry><para>Removed with
753 <application>BIND</application></para></entry>
756 <entry><filename>swap1</filename></entry>
757 <entry><para>Replaced by <filename>swap</filename> and
758 <filename>swaplate</filename></para></entry>
766 <sect2 xml:id="contrib">
767 <title>Contributed Software</title>
769 <para revision="251300">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
771 xlink:href="http://www.facebook.com/jemalloc/">this
772 link</link> for more details.</para>
774 <para role="merged"><application>AMD</application> has been
775 updated from 6.0.10 to 6.1.5.</para>
777 <para role="merged"><application>awk</application> has been
778 updated from the 1 May
779 2007 release to the 23 October 2007 release.</para>
781 <para role="merged"><application>bzip2</application> has been
782 updated from 1.0.4 to 1.0.5.</para>
784 <para revision="251794"><application>CVS</application> has been
785 removed from the base system, but is still available from Ports
788 <para revision="251886">Subversion has been imported into the base
789 system and is installed as <application>svnlite</application>.
790 <application>svnlite</application> should only be used for
791 checking out the &os; source trees and committing, and does not
792 replace the full Subversion port.</para>
794 <para revision="234449"><application>file</application> has been
795 updated to 5.11.</para>
797 <para revision="252726"><application>hostapd</application> has
798 been updated from 0.5.8 to 0.5.10.</para>
800 <para><application>IPFilter</application> has been updated to
803 <para revision="250592"><application>less</application> has been
804 updated to v458.</para>
806 <para><application>ncurses</application> has been updated to
809 <para role="merged"><application>OpenSSH</application> has been
810 updated to 6.4.</para>
812 <para revision="236109"><application>OpenPAM</application> has
813 been updated to the Micrampelis release.</para>
815 <para role="merged"><application>sendmail</application> has been
816 updated from 8.14.1 to 8.14.7.</para>
818 <para role="merged">The timezone database has been updated from
819 the <application>tzdata2008h</application> release to
820 the <application>tzdata2009m</application> release.</para>
822 <para>The stdtime part of libc, &man.zdump.8; and &man.zic.8; have
823 been updated from the <application>tzcode2004a</application>
824 release to the <application>tzcode2009h</application> release.
825 If you have upgraded from source or via the
826 &man.freebsd-update.8;, then please run &man.tzsetup.8; to
827 install a new <filename>/etc/localtime</filename>.</para>
829 <para revision="252726"><application>WPA Supplicant</application>
830 has been updated to 2.0.</para>
832 <para role="merged"><application>xz</application> has been updated
833 from snapshot as of 12 April 2010 to 5.0.0.</para>
835 <para revision="258231" role="merged">&man.nvi.1; has been updated
838 <para revision="254225">&man.nvi.1; supports wide-character
842 <sect2 xml:id="ports">
843 <title>Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</title>
845 <para revision="257444">The pkg_add, pkg_create, pkg_delete,
846 pkg_info, pkg_updating, and pkg_version utilities have been
847 removed. &man.pkg.7; must now be used to install binary
848 packages. &man.pkg.7; is the next generation &os; package
849 manager, also referred to as <quote>pkgng</quote>.</para>
852 <sect2 xml:id="releng">
853 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
855 <para role="merged">The supported version of
856 the <application>GNOME</application> desktop environment
857 (<package>x11/gnome2</package>) has been
858 updated from 2.20.1 to 2.22.</para>
863 <title>Documentation</title>
871 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
872 <title>Upgrading from previous releases of &os;</title>
874 <para arch="amd64,i386">Beginning with &os; 6.2-RELEASE, binary
875 upgrades between RELEASE versions (and snapshots of the various
876 security branches) are supported using the &man.freebsd-update.8;
877 utility. The binary upgrade procedure will update unmodified
878 userland utilities, as well as unmodified GENERIC or SMP kernels
879 distributed as a part of an official &os; release. The
880 &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that the host being
881 upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
883 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
884 base system from source code) from previous versions are
885 supported, according to the instructions in
886 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
889 <para>Upgrading &os; should, of course, only be attempted after
890 backing up <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration