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24 <article xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0">
25 <info><title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
27 <author><orgname>The &os; Project</orgname></author>
29 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
47 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation
51 <legalnotice xml:id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
61 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain
62 a summary of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
63 &release.branch; development line. This document lists
64 applicable security advisories that were issued since the last
65 release, as well as significant changes to the &os; kernel and
66 userland. Some brief remarks on upgrading are also
71 <sect1 xml:id="intro">
72 <title>Introduction</title>
74 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
75 &release.current;. It describes recently added, changed, or
76 deleted features of &os;. It also provides some notes on
77 upgrading from previous versions of &os;.</para>
79 <para>The latest, up-to-date version of the release notes are
80 available online at <uri
81 xlink:href="&release.url;10.0R/relnotes.html">&release.url;10.0R/relnotes.html</uri>.</para>
83 <para releasetype="current">The &release.type; distribution to which
84 these release notes apply represents the latest point along the
85 &release.branch; development branch since &release.branch; was
86 created. Information regarding pre-built, binary &release.type;
87 distributions along this branch can be found at <uri
88 xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
90 <para releasetype="snapshot">The &release.type; distribution to
91 which these release notes apply represents a point along the
92 &release.branch; development branch between &release.prev; and the
93 future &release.next;. Information regarding pre-built, binary
94 &release.type; distributions along this branch can be found at
95 <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri>.</para>
97 <para releasetype="release">This distribution of &os;
98 &release.current; is a &release.type; distribution. It can be
99 found at <uri xlink:href="&release.url;">&release.url;</uri> or
100 any of its mirrors. More information on obtaining this (or other)
101 &release.type; distributions of &os; can be found in the <link
102 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
103 &os;</quote> appendix</link> to the <link
104 xlink:href="&url.books.handbook;/">&os; Handbook</link>.</para>
106 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata before
107 installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
108 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
109 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
110 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections to
111 documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
112 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
116 <title>What's New</title>
118 <para>This section describes the most user-visible new or changed
119 features in &os; since &release.prev;. In general, changes
120 described here are unique to the &release.branch; branch unless
121 specifically marked as &merged; features.</para>
123 <para>Typical release note items document recent security advisories
124 issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware support, new
125 commands or options, major bug fixes, or contributed software
126 upgrades. They may also list changes to major ports/packages or
127 release engineering practices. Clearly the release notes cannot
128 list every single change made to &os; between releases; this
129 document focuses primarily on security advisories, user-visible
130 changes, and major architectural improvements.</para>
132 <sect2 xml:id="security">
133 <title>Security Advisories</title>
135 <para>Problems described in the following security advisories have
136 been fixed. For more information, consult the individual
137 advisories available from
138 <link xlink:href="http://security.FreeBSD.org/">FreeBSD
139 Security Information</link>.</para>
141 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
143 <colspec colwidth="1*" />
144 <colspec colwidth="1*" />
145 <colspec colwidth="3*" />
148 <entry>Advisory</entry>
157 xlink:href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-13:14.openssh.asc">SA-13:14.openssh</link></entry>
158 <entry>19 November 2013</entry>
159 <entry><para>OpenSSH AES-GCM memory corruption
160 vulnerability</para></entry>
165 xlink:href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:01.bsnmpd.asc">SA-14:01.bsnmpd</link></entry>
166 <entry>14 January 2014</entry>
167 <entry><para>bsnmpd remote denial of service vulnerability</para></entry>
172 xlink:href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:02.ntpd.asc">SA-14:02.ntpd</link></entry>
173 <entry>14 January 2014</entry>
174 <entry><para>ntpd distributed reflection Denial of Service vulnerability</para></entry>
179 xlink:href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:03.openssl.asc">SA-14:03.openssl</link></entry>
180 <entry>14 January 2014</entry>
181 <entry><para>OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities</para></entry>
186 xlink:href="http://www.freebsd.org/security/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-14:04.bind.asc">SA-14:04.bind</link></entry>
187 <entry>14 January 2014</entry>
188 <entry><para>BIND remote denial of service vulnerability</para></entry>
196 <sect2 xml:id="kernel">
197 <title>Kernel Changes</title>
199 <para revision="248508">The use of unmapped VMIO buffers
200 eliminates the need to perform TLB shootdown for mapping on
201 buffer creation and reuse, greatly reducing the amount of IPIs
202 for shootdown on big-SMP machines and eliminating up to 25-30%
203 of the system time on i/o intensive workloads.</para>
205 <para arch="amd64" revision="254466">The maximum amount of memory
206 the &os; kernel can address has been increased from 1TB to
209 <para>A new &man.cpuset.2; API has been added for thread to CPU
210 binding and CPU resource grouping and assignment. The
211 &man.cpuset.1; userland utility has been added to allow
212 manipulation of processor sets.</para>
214 <para role="merged">The &man.ddb.4; kernel debugger now has an
215 output capture facility. Input and output from &man.ddb.4; can
216 now be captured to a memory buffer for later inspection using
217 &man.sysctl.8; or a textdump. The new
218 <command>capture</command> command controls this feature.</para>
220 <para role="merged">The &man.ddb.4; debugger now supports a simple
221 scripting facility, which supports a set of named scripts
222 consisting of a set of &man.ddb.4; commands. These commands can
223 be managed from within &man.ddb.4; or with the use of the new
224 &man.ddb.8; utility. More details can be found in the
225 &man.ddb.4; manual page.</para>
227 <para role="merged">The kernel now supports a new textdump format
228 of kernel dumps. A textdump provides higher-level information
229 via mechanically generated/extracted debugging output, rather
230 than a simple memory dump. This facility can be used to
231 generate brief kernel bug reports that are rich in debugging
232 information, but are not dependent on kernel symbol tables or
233 precisely synchronized source code. More information can be
234 found in the &man.textdump.4; manual page.</para>
236 <para>Kernel support for M:N threading has been removed. While
237 the KSE (Kernel Scheduled Entities) project was quite successful
238 in bringing threading to FreeBSD, the M:N approach taken by the
239 KSE library was never developed to its full potential.
240 Backwards compatibility for applications using KSE threading
241 will be provided via &man.libmap.conf.5; for dynamically linked
242 binaries. The &os; Project greatly appreciates the work of
243 &a.julian;, &a.deischen;, and &a.davidxu; on KSE support.</para>
245 <para>The &os; kernel now exports information about certain kernel
246 features via the <varname>kern.features</varname> sysctl tree.
247 The &man.feature.present.3; library call provides a convenient
248 interface for user applications to test the presence of
251 <para arch="amd64">The &os; kernel now has support for large
252 memory page mappings (<quote>superpages</quote>).</para>
254 <para arch="amd64,i386,ia64,powerpc" role="merged">The ULE
255 scheduler is now the default process scheduler
256 in <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernels.</para>
258 <para arch="amd64,i386" revision="240135">Support was added for
259 the new Intel on-CPU Bull Mountain random number
260 generator, found on IvyBridge and supposedly later CPUs,
261 accessible with the RDRAND instruction.</para>
263 <sect3 xml:id="kernel-virtualization">
264 <title>Virtualization support</title>
265 <para arch="amd64" revision="245652">The BSD Hypervisor,
266 &man.bhyve.8; is included with &os;. &man.bhyve.8; requires
267 Intel CPUs with VT-x and Extended Page Table (EPT) support.
268 These features are on all Nehalem models and beyond (e.g.
269 Nehalem and newer), but not on the lower-end Atom CPUs.</para>
271 <para revision="227652">&man.virtio.4; support has been added.
272 &man.virtio.4; is the name for the paravirtualization
273 interface developed for the Linux KVM, but since adopted to
274 other virtual machine hypervisors (with the notable exception
275 of Xen). This work brings in a BSD-licensed clean-room
276 implementation of the virtio kernel drivers for disk IO
277 (&man.virtio_blk.4; and &man.virtio_scsi.4;), network IO
278 (&man.vtnet.4;), memory ballooning (&man.virtio_balloon.4;),
279 and PCI. Tested with on Qemu/KVM, VirtualBox, and
280 &man.bhyve.4;.</para>
282 <para arch="amd64,i386" revision="255524">Paravirtualized
283 drivers which support Microsoft Hyper-V have been imported and
284 made part of the amd64 GENERIC kernel. For i386, these
285 drivers are not part of GENERIC, so the following lines must
286 be added to <filename>/boot/loader.conf</filename> to load
287 these drivers:</para>
289 <programlisting>hv_ata_pci_disengage_load="YES"
292 hv_vmbus_load="YES"</programlisting>
294 <para>Alternatively, the Hyper-V drivers can be added to the
295 i386 kernel by adding <literal>device hyperv</literal> to the
296 kernel config, and then recompiling the kernel. Please refer
297 to <link xlink:href="http://wiki.freebsd.org/HyperV">FreeBSD
298 and Microsoft Windows Server Hyper-V support</link> for full
299 instructions on how to set up Hyper-V support under
302 <para revision="254738">The &man.vmx.4; driver has been added.
303 &man.vmx.4; is a VMware VMXNET3 ethernet driver ported from
306 <para revision="255744" arch="amd64,i386">Xen PVHVM
307 virtualization is now part of the GENERIC kernel.</para>
310 <sect3 xml:id="kernel-arm">
311 <title>ARM support</title>
313 <para revision="239922">Raspberry PI support has been added.
315 xlink:href="http://kernelnomicon.org/?p=164">setup
316 instructions</link> and this <link
317 xlink:href="http://www.raspberrypi.org/quick-start-guide">quick
318 start guide</link>.</para>
320 <para revision="253396">The default ABI on ARM is now the ARM
321 EABI. This brings a number of improvements and allows future
322 support for VFP and Thumb-2.</para>
324 <para revision="239268">ARM support has been greatly improved,
325 including support for ARMv6 and ARMv7, SMP and thread-local
326 storage (TLS). Additionally support for some newer SoC like
327 the MV78x60 and OMAP4 was added. See the <link
328 xlink:href="http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-arm/2012-August/003757.html">announcement</link>
329 for further details.</para>
331 <para revision="254918">Superpages support on ARM has been
332 added. Superpages support provides improved performance and
333 scalability by allowing TLB translations to dynamically cover
334 large physical memory regions. All ARMv6 and ARMv7-based
335 platforms can take advantage of this feature. See the <link
336 xlink:href="https://wiki.freebsd.org/ARMSuperpages">ARM
337 Superpages status</link> page for further details.</para>
340 <sect3 xml:id="boot">
341 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
343 <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">The BTX kernel used by the
344 boot loader has been changed to invoke BIOS routines from real
345 mode. This change makes it possible to boot &os; from USB
348 <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">A new &man.gptboot.8; boot
349 loader has been added to support booting from a GPT labeled
350 disk. A new <command>boot</command> command has been added to
351 &man.gpart.8;, which makes a GPT disk bootable by writing the
352 required bits of the boot loader, creating a new boot
353 partition if required.</para>
356 <sect3 xml:id="proc">
357 <title>Hardware Support</title>
359 <para role="merged">The &man.cmx.4; driver, a driver for Omnikey
360 CardMan 4040 PCMCIA smartcard readers, has been added.</para>
362 <para>The &man.syscons.4; driver now supports the Colemak
363 keyboard layout.</para>
365 <para role="merged">The &man.uslcom.4; driver, a driver for
366 Silicon Laboratories CP2101/CP2102-based USB serial adapters,
367 has been imported from OpenBSD.</para>
370 <title>Multimedia Support</title>
372 <para revision="240609">Support for version 2.0 of the USB
373 Audio reference design has been added. New devices should
374 support higher bandwidth, increased sampling frequency and
375 wider dynamic range.</para>
378 <sect4 xml:id="net-if">
379 <title>Network Interface Support</title>
381 <para>The &man.ale.4; driver has been added to provide support
382 for Atheros AR8121/AR8113/AR8114 Gigabit/Fast Ethernet
385 <para>The &man.em.4; driver has been split into two drivers
386 with some common parts. The &man.em.4; driver will continue
387 to support adapters up to the 82575, as well as new
388 client/desktop adapters. A new &man.igb.4; driver
389 will support new server adapters.</para>
391 <para>The &man.jme.4; driver has been added to provide support
392 for PCIe network adapters based on JMicron JMC250 Gigabit
393 Ethernet and JMC260 Fast Ethernet controllers.</para>
395 <para>The &man.malo.4; driver has been added to provide
396 support for Marvell Libertas 88W8335 based PCI network
399 <para>The firmware for the &man.mxge.4; driver has been
400 updated from 1.4.25 to 1.4.29.</para>
402 <para>The &man.sf.4; driver has been overhauled to improve its
403 performance and to add support for checksum offloading. It
404 should also work on all architectures.</para>
406 <para>The &man.re.4; driver has been overhauled to fix a
407 number of issues. This driver now has Wake On LAN (WOL)
410 <para>The &man.vr.4; driver has been overhauled to fix a
411 number of outstanding issues. It also now works on all
412 architectures.</para>
414 <para arch="amd64,i386" role="merged">The &man.wpi.4; driver has
415 been updated to include a number of stability fixes.</para>
417 <para revision="248925">The &man.cxgbe.4; driver has been
418 updated to support 40G/10G Ethernet NICs based on Chelsio's
419 Terminator 5 (T5) ASIC.</para>
421 <para revision="256694">The iw_cxgbe driver has been
422 added. This is an experimental iWARP/RDMA driver (kernel
423 verbs only) for Chelsio's T4 and T5 based cards.</para>
425 <para revision="255932">The Open Fabrics Enterprise
426 Distribution (OFED) and OFED Infiniband core has been
427 updated to the same version as supplied by Linux version
430 <para revision="255932">The Mellanox Infiniband driver has
431 been updated to firmware version 2.30.3200 for ConnectX3
432 NICs. Support has been added for ConnectX3 VPI NICs, where
433 each port can be used as Infiniband 56 GB/s or Ethernet 40
434 GB/s. Support has been added for dynamically loading kernel
435 modules for Infiniband core (ibcore) and IP over Infiniband
438 <para revision="227614">&man.netmap.4; has been added.
439 &man.netmap.4; is a framework for high-performance
440 direct-to-hardware packet IO, offering low latency and high
441 PPS rates to userland applications while bypassing any
442 kernel-side packet processing. With &man.netmap.4; it is
443 trivially possible to fully saturate a 10 Gbps network
444 interface with minimal packet sizes. For more information,
446 xlink:href="http://info.iet.unipi.it/~luigi/netmap/">Netmap
447 Project</link>.</para>
451 <sect3 xml:id="net-proto">
452 <title>Network Protocols</title>
454 <para revision="228571">&man.carp.4; has been rewritten to make
455 addresses more sane from the viewpoint of routing daemons such
456 as quagga/zebra. It also brings support for a single redundant
457 address on the subnet (carpdev), switching state with
458 &man.ifconfig.8;, better locking and using modern kernel
459 interfaces to allocate multicast memberships. Configuration
460 of the CARP protocol via &man.ifconfig.8; has changed, as well
461 as the format of CARP events submitted to &man.devd.8;. See
462 &man.carp.4; for more information. The arpbalance feature of
463 &man.carp.4; is currently not supported anymore.</para>
465 <para revision="240233">The &man.pf.4; firewall now supports
466 fine-grain locking and better utilization on multi-CPU
467 machines, resulting in significant improvements in
470 <para revision="250700">Support for up to 65536 routing tables
471 has been introduced.</para>
473 <para revision="248552">Support for setting/matching
474 differentiated services codepoints (DSCP) in IP header has
475 been added to &man.ipfw.8;.</para>
478 <sect3 xml:id="disks">
479 <title>Disks and Storage</title>
481 <para role="merged">The &man.aac.4; driver now supports volumes
482 larger than 2TB in size.</para>
484 <para>The &man.ata.4; driver now supports a spindown command for
485 disks; after a configurable amount of time, if no requests
486 have been received for a disk, the disk will be spun down
487 until the next request. The &man.atacontrol.8; utility now
488 supports a <command>spindown</command> command to configure
491 <para role="merged">The &man.hptrr.4; driver has been updated to
492 version 1.2 from Highpoint.</para>
494 <para revision="240616">&man.nvme.4; has been added and provides
495 NVM Express support. NVM Express is an optimized register
496 interface, command set and feature set of PCI Express
497 (PCIe)-based Solid-State Drives (SSDs). For more information,
499 xlink:href="http://www.nvmexpress.org/">nvmexpress.org</link>.</para>
503 <title>File Systems</title>
505 <para revision="255570">A new kernel-based iSCSI target and
506 initiator has been added.</para>
508 <para revision="243246">UFS filesystems can now be enlarged with
509 &man.growfs.8; while mounted read-write. This is especially
510 useful for virtual machines, allowing the addition of more
511 harddrive space without interruption of service.</para>
513 <para revision="241519">A state of the art FUSE implementation
514 is now part of the base system. It allows the use of nearly
515 all fusefs file systems.</para>
517 <sect4 xml:id="fs-zfs">
520 <para revision="">&man.bsdinstall.8; now supports installing
521 ZFS on the root file system. It includes a single
522 configuration menu that allows you to select all of the
523 required details, including which drives to use, what ZFS
524 RAID level to use (taking into consideration the selected
525 number of drives), GPT or MBR, GELI encryption, forcing 4K
526 sectors, pool name, etc.</para>
528 <para revision="240868">TRIM support has been added for
531 <para revision="246586">Support for the high-performance LZ4
532 compression algorithm has been added to ZFS. LZ4 is usually
533 faster and can achieve a higher compression ratio than LZJB,
534 the default compression algorithm.</para>
536 <para revision="252140">Support for L2ARC compression has been
539 <para revision="243524">The zio nop-write improvement from
540 Illumos was imported into &os;. To reduce I/O, nop-write
541 skips overwriting data if the (cryptographically secure)
542 checksum of new data matches the checksum of existing data.
543 It also saves space if snapshots are in use. This
544 improvement only works on datasets with enabled compression,
545 disabled deduplication and sha256 checksums. ZFS will now
546 compare the checksums of incoming writes to the checksum of
547 the existing on-disk data and avoid issuing any write I/O
548 for data that has not changed. This will reduce I/O as well
549 as space usage because if the old block is referenced by
550 a snapshot, both copies of the block are kept even though
551 both contain the same data.</para>
556 <sect2 xml:id="userland">
557 <title>Userland Changes</title>
559 <para revision="255321">On platforms where &man.clang.1; is the default
560 system compiler (such as i386, amd64, arm), GCC and GNU libstdc++ are no
561 longer built by default. &man.clang.1; and libc++ from LLVM are used on
562 these platforms by instead. GCC 4.2.1 and libstdc++ are still built
563 and used by default on pc98 and all other platforms where &man.clang.1;
564 is not the default system compiler.</para>
566 <para revision="251662">&man.clang.1; and llvm have been updated to
567 version 3.3 release. Please refer to <link
568 xlink:href="http://llvm.org/releases/3.3/tools/clang/docs/ReleaseNotes.html">
569 Clang 3.3 Release Notes</link>.</para>
571 <para role="merged" revision="255949">BIND has been replaced by
572 &man.unbound.8; for local DNS resolution in the base system.
573 With this change, nslookup and dig are no longer a part of the
574 base system. Users should instead use &man.host.1; and
575 &man.drill.1; Alternatively, nslookup and dig can be obtained by
576 installing the dns/bind-tools port.</para>
578 <para revision="225937">sysinstall has been removed from the base
579 system. Auxiliary libraries and tools used by sysinstall such
580 as libdisk, libftpio, and sade have also been removed.
581 sysinstall has been replaced by &man.bsdinstall.8; and
582 &man.bsdconfig.8;.</para>
584 <para revision="256106">&man.freebsd-version.1; has been added.
585 This tool makes a best effort to determine the version and patch
586 level of the installed kernel and userland.</para>
588 <para revision="255191">GNU patch has been removed from the base
589 system, and replaced by a BSD-licensed &man.patch.1;
592 <para revision="241511">GNU sort has been removed from the base
593 system, and replaced by a BSD-licensed &man.sort.1;
596 <para revision="235723">Berkely yacc (byacc) has been imported
598 xlink:href="http://invisible-island.net/byacc/">invisible
599 island</link>. This brings bison compatibilities to
600 &man.yacc.1; while preserving full backwards compatibility with
601 previous version of &man.yacc.1;.</para>
603 <para revision="250881">&man.lex.1; has been replaced by flex
606 <para revision="250699">&man.make.1; has been replaced with the
607 <quote>Portable</quote> BSD make tool (bmake) from
610 <para role="merged">The &man.adduser.8; utility now supports
611 a <option>-M</option> option to set the mode of a new user's
612 home directory.</para>
614 <para>BSD-licensed versions of &man.ar.1; and &man.ranlib.1;,
615 based on &man.libarchive.3;, have replaced the GNU Binutils
616 versions of these utilities.</para>
618 <para>BSD-licensed versions of &man.bc.1; and &man.dc.1; have
619 replaced their GNU counterparts.</para>
621 <para role="merged">&man.chflags.1; now supports
622 a <option>-v</option> flag for verbose output and
623 a <option>-f</option> flag to ignore errors with the same
624 semantics as (for example) &man.chmod.1;.</para>
626 <para>For compatibility with other implementations, &man.cp.1; now
627 supports a <option>-a</option> flag, which is equivalent to
628 specifying the <option>-RrP</option> flags.</para>
630 <para>BSD-licensed version of &man.cpio.1; based on
631 &man.libarchive.3;, has replaced the GNU cpio. Note that the
632 GNU cpio is still installed as
633 <filename>gcpio</filename>.</para>
635 <para>The &man.env.1; program now supports <option>-u
636 <replaceable>name</replaceable></option> which will completely
637 unset the given variable <replaceable>name</replaceable> by
638 removing it from the environment, instead of just setting it to
641 <para>The &man.fdopendir.3; library function has been
644 <para role="merged">The &man.fetch.3; library now supports HTTP
645 1.1 If-Modified-Since behavior. The &man.fetch.1; program now
646 supports <option>-i <replaceable>filename</replaceable></option>
647 which will only download the specified HTTP URL if the content
648 is newer than <replaceable>filename</replaceable>.</para>
650 <para>&man.find.1; has been enhanced by the addition of a number
651 of primaries that were present in GNU find but not &os;
654 <para>&man.kgdb.1; now supports a new <command>add-kld</command>
655 command to make it easier to debug crash dumps with kernel
658 <para>The &man.ls.1; program now supports a <option>-D</option>
659 option to specify a date format string to be used with the long
660 format (<option>-l</option>) output.</para>
662 <para>&man.nc.1; now supports a <option>-O</option> switch to
663 disable the use of TCP options.</para>
665 <para>&man.nc.1;'s <option>-o</option> switch has been deprecated.
666 It will be removed in a future release.</para>
668 <para>The &man.ping6.8; utility now returns <literal>2</literal>
669 when the packet transmission was successful but no responses
670 were received (this is the same behavior as &man.ping.8;).
671 It returned a non-zero value before this change.</para>
673 <para>The &man.procstat.1; utility has been added to display
674 detailed information about processes.</para>
676 <para role="merged">The &man.realpath.1; utility now supports
677 a <option>-q</option> flag to suppress warnings; it now also
678 accepts multiple paths on its command line.</para>
680 <para>&man.sh.1; has many bug fixes, some new features, and will
681 now refuse to parse some invalid scripts. Additionally, it now
682 has filename completion and defaults to the <quote>emacs</quote>
685 <para>The &man.split.1; utility now supports a <option>-n</option>
686 flag to split a file into a certain number of chunks.</para>
688 <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports a <option>-Z</option>
689 flag to enable &man.compress.1;-style
690 compression/decompression.</para>
692 <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports a
693 <option>--numeric-owner</option> flag to ignore user/group names
694 on create and extract.</para>
696 <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports the
697 <option>-S</option> flag to sparsify files on extraction.</para>
699 <para>The &man.tar.1; utility now supports a <option>-s</option>
700 flag to substitute filenames based on the specified regular
703 <para>The &man.tcgetsid.3; library function has been added to
704 return the process group ID for the session leader for the
705 controlling terminal. It is defined in IEEE Std 1003.1-2001
708 <para>&man.top.1; now supports a <option>-P</option> flag to
709 provide per-CPU usage statistics.</para>
711 <para>&man.zdump.8; is now working properly on 64-bit
712 architectures.</para>
714 <para>&man.traceroute.8; now has the ability to print the AS
715 number for each hop with the new <option>-a</option> switch; a
716 new <option>-A</option> option allows selecting a particular
719 <para>&man.traceroute6.8; now supports a <option>-U</option> flag
720 to send probe packets with no upper-layer protocol, rather than
721 the usual UDP probe packets.</para>
723 <sect3 xml:id="rc-scripts">
724 <title><filename>/etc/rc.d</filename> Scripts</title>
726 <para>The followoing &man.rc.8; scripts have been added:</para>
728 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
730 <colspec colwidth="1*" />
731 <colspec colwidth="1*" />
734 <entry>&man.rc.8; Script</entry>
735 <entry>Function</entry>
741 <entry><filename>ctld</filename></entry>
742 <entry><para>iSCSI target daemon startup
743 script</para></entry>
746 <entry><filename>iscsictl</filename></entry>
747 <entry><para>iSCSI initiator management utility
748 startup script</para></entry>
751 <entry><filename>iscsid</filename></entry>
752 <entry><para>iSCSI initiatior daemon startup
753 script</para></entry>
756 <entry><filename>kfd</filename></entry>
757 <entry><para>Kerberos ticket forwarding daemon
758 startup script</para></entry>
761 <entry><filename>local_unbound</filename></entry>
762 <entry><para>Unbound startup script for the local
763 caching resolver</para></entry>
766 <entry><filename>postrandom</filename></entry>
767 <entry><para>Generates a new entropy file at system
771 <entry><filename>swap</filename></entry>
772 <entry><para>Replaces <filename>swap1</filename>;
773 enable swap at system boot</para></entry>
776 <entry><filename>swaplate</filename></entry>
777 <entry><para>Enables swap with <quote>late</quote>
778 set at system boot</para></entry>
781 <entry><filename>utx</filename></entry>
782 <entry><para>User accounting database startup and
783 shutdown script</para></entry>
789 <para>The following &man.rc.8; scripts have been removed:</para>
791 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
793 <colspec colwidth="1*" />
796 <entry>&man.rc.8; Script</entry>
797 <entry><para>Reason</para></entry>
803 <entry><filename>encswap</filename></entry>
804 <entry><para>Replaced by <filename>swap</filename> and
805 <filename>swaplate</filename></para></entry>
808 <entry><filename>named</filename></entry>
809 <entry><para>Removed with
810 <application>BIND</application></para></entry>
813 <entry><filename>swap1</filename></entry>
814 <entry><para>Replaced by <filename>swap</filename> and
815 <filename>swaplate</filename></para></entry>
823 <sect2 xml:id="contrib">
824 <title>Contributed Software</title>
826 <para revision="251300">&man.jemalloc.3; has been updated to
828 xlink:href="http://www.facebook.com/jemalloc/">this
829 link</link> for more details.</para>
831 <para role="merged"><application>AMD</application> has been
832 updated from 6.0.10 to 6.1.5.</para>
834 <para role="merged"><application>awk</application> has been
835 updated from the 1 May
836 2007 release to the 23 October 2007 release.</para>
838 <para role="merged"><application>bzip2</application> has been
839 updated from 1.0.4 to 1.0.5.</para>
841 <para revision="251794"><application>CVS</application> has been
842 removed from the base system, but is still available from Ports
845 <para revision="251886">Subversion has been imported into the base
846 system and is installed as <application>svnlite</application>.
847 <application>svnlite</application> should only be used for
848 checking out the &os; source trees and committing, and does not
849 replace the full Subversion port.</para>
851 <para revision="234449"><application>file</application> has been
852 updated to 5.11.</para>
854 <para revision="252726"><application>hostapd</application> has
855 been updated from 0.5.8 to 0.5.10.</para>
857 <para><application>IPFilter</application> has been updated to
860 <para revision="250592"><application>less</application> has been
861 updated to v458.</para>
863 <para><application>ncurses</application> has been updated to
866 <para role="merged"><application>OpenSSH</application> has been
867 updated to 6.4.</para>
869 <para revision="236109"><application>OpenPAM</application> has
870 been updated to the Micrampelis release.</para>
872 <para role="merged"><application>sendmail</application> has been
873 updated from 8.14.1 to 8.14.7.</para>
875 <para role="merged">The timezone database has been updated from
876 the <application>tzdata2008h</application> release to
877 the <application>tzdata2009m</application> release.</para>
879 <para>The stdtime part of libc, &man.zdump.8; and &man.zic.8; have
880 been updated from the <application>tzcode2004a</application>
881 release to the <application>tzcode2009h</application> release.
882 If you have upgraded from source or via the
883 &man.freebsd-update.8;, then please run &man.tzsetup.8; to
884 install a new <filename>/etc/localtime</filename>.</para>
886 <para revision="252726"><application>WPA Supplicant</application>
887 has been updated to 2.0.</para>
889 <para role="merged"><application>xz</application> has been updated
890 from snapshot as of 12 April 2010 to 5.0.0.</para>
892 <para revision="258231" role="merged">&man.nvi.1; has been updated
895 <para revision="254225">&man.nvi.1; supports wide-character
899 <sect2 xml:id="ports">
900 <title>Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</title>
902 <para revision="257444">The pkg_add, pkg_create, pkg_delete,
903 pkg_info, pkg_updating, and pkg_version utilities have been
904 removed. &man.pkg.7; must now be used to install binary
905 packages. &man.pkg.7; is the next generation &os; package
906 manager, also referred to as <quote>pkgng</quote>.</para>
909 <sect2 xml:id="releng">
910 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
912 <para role="merged">The supported version of
913 the <application>GNOME</application> desktop environment
914 (<package>x11/gnome2</package>) has been
915 updated from 2.20.1 to 2.22.</para>
920 <title>Documentation</title>
928 <sect1 xml:id="upgrade">
929 <title>Upgrading from previous releases of &os;</title>
931 <para arch="amd64,i386">Beginning with &os; 6.2-RELEASE, binary
932 upgrades between RELEASE versions (and snapshots of the various
933 security branches) are supported using the &man.freebsd-update.8;
934 utility. The binary upgrade procedure will update unmodified
935 userland utilities, as well as unmodified GENERIC or SMP kernels
936 distributed as a part of an official &os; release. The
937 &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that the host being
938 upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
940 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
941 base system from source code) from previous versions are
942 supported, according to the instructions in
943 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
946 <para>Upgrading &os; should, of course, only be attempted after
947 backing up <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration