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1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1993
3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
4  *
5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
7  * are met:
8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
13  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
14  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
15  *    without specific prior written permission.
16  *
17  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
18  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
19  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
21  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
24  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
25  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
27  * SUCH DAMAGE.
28  */
29
30 #if 0
31 #ifndef lint
32 static const char sccsid[] = "@(#)setup.c       8.10 (Berkeley) 5/9/95";
33 #endif /* not lint */
34 #endif
35 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
36 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
37
38 #include <sys/param.h>
39 #include <sys/stat.h>
40 #define FSTYPENAMES
41 #include <sys/disklabel.h>
42 #include <sys/file.h>
43 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
44
45 #include <ufs/ufs/dinode.h>
46 #include <ufs/ffs/fs.h>
47
48 #include <ctype.h>
49 #include <err.h>
50 #include <errno.h>
51 #include <limits.h>
52 #include <stdint.h>
53 #include <string.h>
54
55 #include "fsck.h"
56
57 struct bufarea asblk;
58 #define altsblock (*asblk.b_un.b_fs)
59 #define POWEROF2(num)   (((num) & ((num) - 1)) == 0)
60
61 static void badsb(int listerr, const char *s);
62 static int calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs);
63 static struct disklabel *getdisklabel(char *s, int fd);
64
65 /*
66  * Read in a superblock finding an alternate if necessary.
67  * Return 1 if successful, 0 if unsuccessful, -1 if file system
68  * is already clean (ckclean and preen mode only).
69  */
70 int
71 setup(char *dev)
72 {
73         long cg, asked, i, j;
74         long bmapsize;
75         struct stat statb;
76         struct fs proto;
77         size_t size;
78
79         havesb = 0;
80         fswritefd = -1;
81         cursnapshot = 0;
82         if (stat(dev, &statb) < 0) {
83                 printf("Can't stat %s: %s\n", dev, strerror(errno));
84                 if (bkgrdflag) {
85                         unlink(snapname);
86                         bkgrdflag = 0;
87                 }
88                 return (0);
89         }
90         if ((statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR &&
91             (statb.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFBLK) {
92                 if (bkgrdflag != 0 && (statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) {
93                         unlink(snapname);
94                         printf("background fsck lacks a snapshot\n");
95                         exit(EEXIT);
96                 }
97                 if ((statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) != 0 && cvtlevel == 0) {
98                         cursnapshot = statb.st_ino;
99                 } else {
100                         if (cvtlevel == 0 ||
101                             (statb.st_flags & SF_SNAPSHOT) == 0) {
102                                 if (preen && bkgrdflag) {
103                                         unlink(snapname);
104                                         bkgrdflag = 0;
105                                 }
106                                 pfatal("%s is not a disk device", dev);
107                                 if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) {
108                                         if (bkgrdflag) {
109                                                 unlink(snapname);
110                                                 bkgrdflag = 0;
111                                         }
112                                         return (0);
113                                 }
114                         } else {
115                                 if (bkgrdflag) {
116                                         unlink(snapname);
117                                         bkgrdflag = 0;
118                                 }
119                                 pfatal("cannot convert a snapshot");
120                                 exit(EEXIT);
121                         }
122                 }
123         }
124         if ((fsreadfd = open(dev, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
125                 if (bkgrdflag) {
126                         unlink(snapname);
127                         bkgrdflag = 0;
128                 }
129                 printf("Can't open %s: %s\n", dev, strerror(errno));
130                 return (0);
131         }
132         if (bkgrdflag) {
133                 unlink(snapname);
134                 size = MIBSIZE;
135                 if (sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjrefcnt", adjrefcnt, &size) < 0||
136                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjblkcnt", adjblkcnt, &size) < 0||
137                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freefiles", freefiles, &size) < 0||
138                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freedirs", freedirs, &size) < 0 ||
139                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.freeblks", freeblks, &size) < 0) {
140                         pfatal("kernel lacks background fsck support\n");
141                         exit(EEXIT);
142                 }
143                 /*
144                  * When kernel is lack of runtime bgfsck superblock summary
145                  * adjustment functionality, it does not mean we can not
146                  * continue, as old kernels will recompute the summary at
147                  * mount time.  However, it will be an unexpected softupdates
148                  * inconsistency if it turns out that the summary is still
149                  * incorrect.  Set a flag so subsequent operation can know
150                  * this.
151                  */
152                 bkgrdsumadj = 1;
153                 if (sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjndir", adjndir, &size) < 0 ||
154                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnbfree", adjnbfree, &size) < 0 ||
155                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnifree", adjnifree, &size) < 0 ||
156                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnffree", adjnffree, &size) < 0 ||
157                     sysctlnametomib("vfs.ffs.adjnumclusters", adjnumclusters, &size) < 0) {
158                         bkgrdsumadj = 0;
159                         pwarn("kernel lacks runtime superblock summary adjustment support");
160                 }
161                 cmd.version = FFS_CMD_VERSION;
162                 cmd.handle = fsreadfd;
163                 fswritefd = -1;
164         }
165         if (preen == 0)
166                 printf("** %s", dev);
167         if (bkgrdflag == 0 &&
168             (nflag || (fswritefd = open(dev, O_WRONLY)) < 0)) {
169                 fswritefd = -1;
170                 if (preen)
171                         pfatal("NO WRITE ACCESS");
172                 printf(" (NO WRITE)");
173         }
174         if (preen == 0)
175                 printf("\n");
176         /*
177          * Read in the superblock, looking for alternates if necessary
178          */
179         if (readsb(1) == 0) {
180                 skipclean = 0;
181                 if (bflag || preen || calcsb(dev, fsreadfd, &proto) == 0)
182                         return(0);
183                 if (reply("LOOK FOR ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCKS") == 0)
184                         return (0);
185                 for (cg = 0; cg < proto.fs_ncg; cg++) {
186                         bflag = fsbtodb(&proto, cgsblock(&proto, cg));
187                         if (readsb(0) != 0)
188                                 break;
189                 }
190                 if (cg >= proto.fs_ncg) {
191                         printf("%s %s\n%s %s\n%s %s\n",
192                                 "SEARCH FOR ALTERNATE SUPER-BLOCK",
193                                 "FAILED. YOU MUST USE THE",
194                                 "-b OPTION TO FSCK TO SPECIFY THE",
195                                 "LOCATION OF AN ALTERNATE",
196                                 "SUPER-BLOCK TO SUPPLY NEEDED",
197                                 "INFORMATION; SEE fsck_ffs(8).");
198                         bflag = 0;
199                         return(0);
200                 }
201                 pwarn("USING ALTERNATE SUPERBLOCK AT %d\n", bflag);
202                 bflag = 0;
203         }
204         if (skipclean && ckclean && sblock.fs_clean) {
205                 pwarn("FILE SYSTEM CLEAN; SKIPPING CHECKS\n");
206                 return (-1);
207         }
208         maxfsblock = sblock.fs_size;
209         maxino = sblock.fs_ncg * sblock.fs_ipg;
210         /*
211          * Check and potentially fix certain fields in the super block.
212          */
213         if (sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTTIME && sblock.fs_optim != FS_OPTSPACE) {
214                 pfatal("UNDEFINED OPTIMIZATION IN SUPERBLOCK");
215                 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) {
216                         sblock.fs_optim = FS_OPTTIME;
217                         sbdirty();
218                 }
219         }
220         if ((sblock.fs_minfree < 0 || sblock.fs_minfree > 99)) {
221                 pfatal("IMPOSSIBLE MINFREE=%d IN SUPERBLOCK",
222                         sblock.fs_minfree);
223                 if (reply("SET TO DEFAULT") == 1) {
224                         sblock.fs_minfree = 10;
225                         sbdirty();
226                 }
227         }
228         if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
229             sblock.fs_old_inodefmt < FS_44INODEFMT) {
230                 pwarn("Format of file system is too old.\n");
231                 pwarn("Must update to modern format using a version of fsck\n");
232                 pfatal("from before 2002 with the command ``fsck -c 2''\n");
233                 exit(EEXIT);
234         }
235         if (asblk.b_dirty && !bflag) {
236                 memmove(&altsblock, &sblock, (size_t)sblock.fs_sbsize);
237                 flush(fswritefd, &asblk);
238         }
239         /*
240          * read in the summary info.
241          */
242         asked = 0;
243         sblock.fs_csp = Calloc(1, sblock.fs_cssize);
244         if (sblock.fs_csp == NULL) {
245                 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for cg summary info\n",
246                     (unsigned)sblock.fs_cssize);
247                 goto badsb;
248         }
249         for (i = 0, j = 0; i < sblock.fs_cssize; i += sblock.fs_bsize, j++) {
250                 size = sblock.fs_cssize - i < sblock.fs_bsize ?
251                     sblock.fs_cssize - i : sblock.fs_bsize;
252                 readcnt[sblk.b_type]++;
253                 if (blread(fsreadfd, (char *)sblock.fs_csp + i,
254                     fsbtodb(&sblock, sblock.fs_csaddr + j * sblock.fs_frag),
255                     size) != 0 && !asked) {
256                         pfatal("BAD SUMMARY INFORMATION");
257                         if (reply("CONTINUE") == 0) {
258                                 ckfini(0);
259                                 exit(EEXIT);
260                         }
261                         asked++;
262                 }
263         }
264         /*
265          * allocate and initialize the necessary maps
266          */
267         bmapsize = roundup(howmany(maxfsblock, CHAR_BIT), sizeof(short));
268         blockmap = Calloc((unsigned)bmapsize, sizeof (char));
269         if (blockmap == NULL) {
270                 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for blockmap\n",
271                     (unsigned)bmapsize);
272                 goto badsb;
273         }
274         inostathead = Calloc((unsigned)(sblock.fs_ncg),
275             sizeof(struct inostatlist));
276         if (inostathead == NULL) {
277                 printf("cannot alloc %u bytes for inostathead\n",
278                     (unsigned)(sizeof(struct inostatlist) * (sblock.fs_ncg)));
279                 goto badsb;
280         }
281         numdirs = MAX(sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir, 128);
282         dirhash = numdirs;
283         inplast = 0;
284         listmax = numdirs + 10;
285         inpsort = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc((unsigned)listmax,
286             sizeof(struct inoinfo *));
287         inphead = (struct inoinfo **)Calloc((unsigned)numdirs,
288             sizeof(struct inoinfo *));
289         if (inpsort == NULL || inphead == NULL) {
290                 printf("cannot alloc %ju bytes for inphead\n",
291                     (uintmax_t)numdirs * sizeof(struct inoinfo *));
292                 goto badsb;
293         }
294         bufinit();
295         if (sblock.fs_flags & FS_DOSOFTDEP)
296                 usedsoftdep = 1;
297         else
298                 usedsoftdep = 0;
299         return (1);
300
301 badsb:
302         ckfini(0);
303         return (0);
304 }
305
306 /*
307  * Possible superblock locations ordered from most to least likely.
308  */
309 static int sblock_try[] = SBLOCKSEARCH;
310
311 #define BAD_MAGIC_MSG \
312 "The previous newfs operation on this volume did not complete.\n" \
313 "You must complete newfs before mounting this volume.\n"
314
315 /*
316  * Read in the super block and its summary info.
317  */
318 int
319 readsb(int listerr)
320 {
321         ufs2_daddr_t super;
322         int i;
323
324         if (bflag) {
325                 super = bflag;
326                 readcnt[sblk.b_type]++;
327                 if ((blread(fsreadfd, (char *)&sblock, super, (long)SBLOCKSIZE)))
328                         return (0);
329                 if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_BAD_MAGIC) {
330                         fprintf(stderr, BAD_MAGIC_MSG);
331                         exit(11);
332                 }
333                 if (sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
334                     sblock.fs_magic != FS_UFS2_MAGIC) {
335                         fprintf(stderr, "%d is not a file system superblock\n",
336                             bflag);
337                         return (0);
338                 }
339         } else {
340                 for (i = 0; sblock_try[i] != -1; i++) {
341                         super = sblock_try[i] / dev_bsize;
342                         readcnt[sblk.b_type]++;
343                         if ((blread(fsreadfd, (char *)&sblock, super,
344                             (long)SBLOCKSIZE)))
345                                 return (0);
346                         if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_BAD_MAGIC) {
347                                 fprintf(stderr, BAD_MAGIC_MSG);
348                                 exit(11);
349                         }
350                         if ((sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC ||
351                              (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC &&
352                               sblock.fs_sblockloc == sblock_try[i])) &&
353                             sblock.fs_ncg >= 1 &&
354                             sblock.fs_bsize >= MINBSIZE &&
355                             sblock.fs_sbsize >= roundup(sizeof(struct fs), dev_bsize))
356                                 break;
357                 }
358                 if (sblock_try[i] == -1) {
359                         fprintf(stderr, "Cannot find file system superblock\n");
360                         return (0);
361                 }
362         }
363         /*
364          * Compute block size that the file system is based on,
365          * according to fsbtodb, and adjust superblock block number
366          * so we can tell if this is an alternate later.
367          */
368         super *= dev_bsize;
369         dev_bsize = sblock.fs_fsize / fsbtodb(&sblock, 1);
370         sblk.b_bno = super / dev_bsize;
371         sblk.b_size = SBLOCKSIZE;
372         if (bflag)
373                 goto out;
374         /*
375          * Compare all fields that should not differ in alternate super block.
376          * When an alternate super-block is specified this check is skipped.
377          */
378         getblk(&asblk, cgsblock(&sblock, sblock.fs_ncg - 1), sblock.fs_sbsize);
379         if (asblk.b_errs)
380                 return (0);
381         if (altsblock.fs_sblkno != sblock.fs_sblkno ||
382             altsblock.fs_cblkno != sblock.fs_cblkno ||
383             altsblock.fs_iblkno != sblock.fs_iblkno ||
384             altsblock.fs_dblkno != sblock.fs_dblkno ||
385             altsblock.fs_ncg != sblock.fs_ncg ||
386             altsblock.fs_bsize != sblock.fs_bsize ||
387             altsblock.fs_fsize != sblock.fs_fsize ||
388             altsblock.fs_frag != sblock.fs_frag ||
389             altsblock.fs_bmask != sblock.fs_bmask ||
390             altsblock.fs_fmask != sblock.fs_fmask ||
391             altsblock.fs_bshift != sblock.fs_bshift ||
392             altsblock.fs_fshift != sblock.fs_fshift ||
393             altsblock.fs_fragshift != sblock.fs_fragshift ||
394             altsblock.fs_fsbtodb != sblock.fs_fsbtodb ||
395             altsblock.fs_sbsize != sblock.fs_sbsize ||
396             altsblock.fs_nindir != sblock.fs_nindir ||
397             altsblock.fs_inopb != sblock.fs_inopb ||
398             altsblock.fs_cssize != sblock.fs_cssize ||
399             altsblock.fs_ipg != sblock.fs_ipg ||
400             altsblock.fs_fpg != sblock.fs_fpg ||
401             altsblock.fs_magic != sblock.fs_magic) {
402                 badsb(listerr,
403                 "VALUES IN SUPER BLOCK DISAGREE WITH THOSE IN FIRST ALTERNATE");
404                 return (0);
405         }
406 out:
407         /*
408          * If not yet done, update UFS1 superblock with new wider fields.
409          */
410         if (sblock.fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC &&
411             sblock.fs_maxbsize != sblock.fs_bsize) {
412                 sblock.fs_maxbsize = sblock.fs_bsize;
413                 sblock.fs_time = sblock.fs_old_time;
414                 sblock.fs_size = sblock.fs_old_size;
415                 sblock.fs_dsize = sblock.fs_old_dsize;
416                 sblock.fs_csaddr = sblock.fs_old_csaddr;
417                 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_ndir = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_ndir;
418                 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nbfree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nbfree;
419                 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nifree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nifree;
420                 sblock.fs_cstotal.cs_nffree = sblock.fs_old_cstotal.cs_nffree;
421         }
422         havesb = 1;
423         return (1);
424 }
425
426 static void
427 badsb(int listerr, const char *s)
428 {
429
430         if (!listerr)
431                 return;
432         if (preen)
433                 printf("%s: ", cdevname);
434         pfatal("BAD SUPER BLOCK: %s\n", s);
435 }
436
437 void
438 sblock_init(void)
439 {
440         struct disklabel *lp;
441
442         fswritefd = -1;
443         fsmodified = 0;
444         lfdir = 0;
445         initbarea(&sblk, BT_SUPERBLK);
446         initbarea(&asblk, BT_SUPERBLK);
447         sblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE);
448         asblk.b_un.b_buf = Malloc(SBLOCKSIZE);
449         if (sblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL || asblk.b_un.b_buf == NULL)
450                 errx(EEXIT, "cannot allocate space for superblock");
451         if ((lp = getdisklabel(NULL, fsreadfd)))
452                 real_dev_bsize = dev_bsize = secsize = lp->d_secsize;
453         else
454                 dev_bsize = secsize = DEV_BSIZE;
455 }
456
457 /*
458  * Calculate a prototype superblock based on information in the disk label.
459  * When done the cgsblock macro can be calculated and the fs_ncg field
460  * can be used. Do NOT attempt to use other macros without verifying that
461  * their needed information is available!
462  */
463 static int
464 calcsb(char *dev, int devfd, struct fs *fs)
465 {
466         struct disklabel *lp;
467         struct partition *pp;
468         char *cp;
469         int i, nspf;
470
471         cp = strchr(dev, '\0') - 1;
472         if (cp == (char *)-1 || ((*cp < 'a' || *cp > 'h') && !isdigit(*cp))) {
473                 pfatal("%s: CANNOT FIGURE OUT FILE SYSTEM PARTITION\n", dev);
474                 return (0);
475         }
476         lp = getdisklabel(dev, devfd);
477         if (isdigit(*cp))
478                 pp = &lp->d_partitions[0];
479         else
480                 pp = &lp->d_partitions[*cp - 'a'];
481         if (pp->p_fstype != FS_BSDFFS) {
482                 pfatal("%s: NOT LABELED AS A BSD FILE SYSTEM (%s)\n",
483                         dev, pp->p_fstype < FSMAXTYPES ?
484                         fstypenames[pp->p_fstype] : "unknown");
485                 return (0);
486         }
487         if (pp->p_fsize == 0 || pp->p_frag == 0 ||
488             pp->p_cpg == 0 || pp->p_size == 0) {
489                 pfatal("%s: %s: type %s fsize %d, frag %d, cpg %d, size %d\n",
490                     dev, "INCOMPLETE LABEL", fstypenames[pp->p_fstype],
491                     pp->p_fsize, pp->p_frag, pp->p_cpg, pp->p_size);
492                 return (0);
493         }
494         memset(fs, 0, sizeof(struct fs));
495         fs->fs_fsize = pp->p_fsize;
496         fs->fs_frag = pp->p_frag;
497         fs->fs_size = pp->p_size;
498         fs->fs_sblkno = roundup(
499                 howmany(lp->d_bbsize + lp->d_sbsize, fs->fs_fsize),
500                 fs->fs_frag);
501         nspf = fs->fs_fsize / lp->d_secsize;
502         for (fs->fs_fsbtodb = 0, i = nspf; i > 1; i >>= 1)
503                 fs->fs_fsbtodb++;
504         dev_bsize = lp->d_secsize;
505         if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS2_MAGIC) {
506                 fs->fs_fpg = pp->p_cpg;
507                 fs->fs_ncg = howmany(fs->fs_size, fs->fs_fpg);
508         } else /* if (fs->fs_magic == FS_UFS1_MAGIC) */ {
509                 fs->fs_old_cpg = pp->p_cpg;
510                 fs->fs_old_cgmask = 0xffffffff;
511                 for (i = lp->d_ntracks; i > 1; i >>= 1)
512                         fs->fs_old_cgmask <<= 1;
513                 if (!POWEROF2(lp->d_ntracks))
514                         fs->fs_old_cgmask <<= 1;
515                 fs->fs_old_cgoffset = roundup(howmany(lp->d_nsectors, nspf),
516                     fs->fs_frag);
517                 fs->fs_fpg = (fs->fs_old_cpg * lp->d_secpercyl) / nspf;
518                 fs->fs_ncg = howmany(fs->fs_size / lp->d_secpercyl,
519                     fs->fs_old_cpg);
520         }
521         return (1);
522 }
523
524 static struct disklabel *
525 getdisklabel(char *s, int fd)
526 {
527         static struct disklabel lab;
528
529         if (ioctl(fd, DIOCGDINFO, (char *)&lab) < 0) {
530                 if (s == NULL)
531                         return ((struct disklabel *)NULL);
532                 pwarn("ioctl (GCINFO): %s\n", strerror(errno));
533                 errx(EEXIT, "%s: can't read disk label", s);
534         }
535         return (&lab);
536 }