1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20161208 p44 FreeBSD-SA-16:37.libc [revised]
21 Fix regressions introduced by SA-16:37.libc.
23 20161206 p43 FreeBSD-SA-16:36.telnetd
25 FreeBSD-SA-16:38.bhyve
26 FreeBSD-EN-16:19.tzcode
27 FreeBSD-EN-16:20.tzdata
29 Fix possible login(1) argument injection in telnetd(8). [SA-16:36]
30 Fix link_ntoa(3) buffer overflow in libc. [SA-16:37]
31 Fix possible escape from bhyve(8) virtual machine. [SA-16:38]
32 Fix warnings about valid time zone abbreviations. [EN-16:19]
33 Update timezone database information. [EN-16:20]
35 20161102 p42 FreeBSD-SA-16:35.openssl
37 Fix OpenSSL remote DoS vulnerability. [SA-16:35]
39 20161025 p41 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch [revised]
41 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
43 20161010 p40 FreeBSD-SA-16:29.bspatch
44 FreeBSD-SA-16:30.portsnap
45 FreeBSD-SA-16:31.libarchive
47 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:29]
49 Fix multiple portsnap vulnerabilities. [SA-16:30]
51 Fix multiple libarchive vulnerabilities. [SA-16:31]
53 20160926 p39 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl [revised]
55 Fix OpenSSL regression introduced in SA-16:26.
57 20160923 p38 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl
59 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites.
61 20160725 p37 FreeBSD-SA-16:25.bspatch
62 FreeBSD-EN-16:09.freebsd-update
64 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:25]
66 Fix freebsd-update(8) support of FreeBSD 11.0 release
67 distribution. [EN-16:09]
69 20160604 p36 FreeBSD-SA-16:24.ntp
71 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
73 20160531 p35 FreeBSD-SA-16:20.linux
74 FreeBSD-SA-16:21.43bsd
75 FreeBSD-SA-16:22.libarchive
77 Fix kernel stack disclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:20]
78 Fix kernel stack disclosure in 4.3BSD compatibility layer. [SA-16:21]
79 Fix directory traversal in cpio(1). [SA-16:22]
81 20160517 p34 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
82 FreeBSD-SA-16:19.sendmsg
84 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
86 Fix incorrect argument handling in sendmsg(2). [SA-16:19]
88 20160504 p33 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
91 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
93 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
95 20160429 p32 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
97 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
99 20160316 p31 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
100 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
101 FreeBSD-EN-16:04.hyperv
103 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
104 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
105 Fix Hyper-V KVP (Key-Value Pair) daemon indefinite sleep. [EN-16:04]
107 20160303 p30 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
109 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
111 20160130 p29 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
113 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
115 20160127 p28 FreeBSD-SA-16:09.ntp
116 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
118 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
120 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
121 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
123 20160114 p27 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
125 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
127 20160114 p26 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
128 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
129 FreeBSD-SA-16:01.sctp
131 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
132 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
134 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
136 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
137 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
138 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
139 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
140 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
141 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
142 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
143 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
145 20151205 p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
147 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26]
149 20151104 p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
150 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
153 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
154 clock in 10.1-RELEASE-p23. [SA-15:25.ntp]
156 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
158 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
159 memory address. [EN-15:20]
161 20151026: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
163 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
165 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
166 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
167 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
168 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
170 20151002: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
171 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
173 20150929: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
175 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
177 20150916: p20 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
179 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
181 20150825: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
182 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
183 FreeBSD-EN-15:14.ixgbe
186 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
188 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
190 Disabled ixgbe(4) flow-director support. [EN-15:14]
192 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
195 20150818: p18 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
197 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
200 20150805: p17 FreeBSD-SA-15:18.bsdpatch
201 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
203 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability via ed(1).
206 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:19]
208 20150728: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:14.bsdpatch
210 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
212 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability. [SA-15:14]
214 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
216 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
218 20150721: p15 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
220 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
223 20150630: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
224 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
225 FreeBSD-EN-15:10.iconv
227 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
229 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
232 Improved iconv(3) UTF-7 support. [EN-15:10]
234 20150618: p13 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
235 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
237 20150612: p12 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
238 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
240 20150609: p11 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
243 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
244 of service issues. [EN-15:06]
246 Improved reliability of ZFS when TRIM/UNMAP and/or L2ARC is used.
249 20150513: p10 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
252 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
253 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
255 Fix deadlock on reboot with UFS tuned with SU+J. [EN-15:05]
257 20150407: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
259 FreeBSD-SA-15:08.bsdinstall
260 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
262 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
264 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
266 Fix bsdinstall(8) insecure default GELI keyfile permissions. [SA-15:08]
268 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
271 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
273 20150319: p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
274 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
276 20150225: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
278 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
279 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
281 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
283 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
285 Updated base system OpenSSL to 1.0.1l. [EN-15:02]
287 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
289 20150127: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
290 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
292 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
293 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
295 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
297 20150114: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
298 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
300 20141223: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
301 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
303 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
304 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
306 20141217: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:30.unbound
307 Fix unbound remote denial of service vulnerability.
309 20141210: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:27.stdio
310 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
312 Fix buffer overflow in stdio. [SA-14:27]
314 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
318 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
319 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
320 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
321 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
325 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
326 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
327 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
328 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
329 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
330 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
331 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
334 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
335 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
336 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
339 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
340 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
341 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
342 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
343 be removed during a clean upgrade.
346 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
347 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
348 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
351 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
352 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
353 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
356 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
357 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
358 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
359 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
360 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
364 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
365 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
366 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
367 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
368 to do the right thing.
371 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
372 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
373 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
376 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
377 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
378 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
381 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
382 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
383 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
384 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
385 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
388 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
391 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
394 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
395 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
396 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
397 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
398 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
399 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
402 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
403 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
404 kernel is still highly recommended.
407 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
408 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
409 capability mode support in kernel.
412 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
413 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
414 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
415 the nfe(4) driver instead.
421 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
422 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
423 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
424 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
425 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
426 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
427 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
428 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
429 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
432 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
433 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
434 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
435 should change your settings to use the latter.
438 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
439 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
440 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
441 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
442 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
445 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
446 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
447 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
449 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
451 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
454 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
455 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
456 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
457 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
458 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
459 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
461 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
462 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
463 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
464 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
465 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
466 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
468 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
469 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
473 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
474 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
475 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
476 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
478 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
479 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
480 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
481 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
484 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
485 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
486 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
489 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
490 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
491 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
492 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
495 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
496 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
497 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
501 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
502 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
503 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
507 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
508 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
509 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
510 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
511 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
512 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
515 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
516 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
517 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
520 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
521 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
522 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
525 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
526 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
527 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
528 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
529 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
530 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
533 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
534 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
535 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
537 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
538 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
539 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
540 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
541 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
544 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
545 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
546 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
547 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
551 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
552 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
553 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
556 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
558 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
559 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
560 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
561 old as well as the new version of find.
564 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
565 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
566 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
567 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
568 subdirectories must be reviewed.
571 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
572 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
573 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
575 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
577 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
578 users are advised to upgrade.
581 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
582 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
585 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
586 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
587 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
590 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
591 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
593 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
594 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
595 overloading the machine.
598 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
599 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
600 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
601 write access to that file.
604 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
605 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
608 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
610 make: illegal option -- J
611 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
613 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
615 this likely due to an old instance of make in
616 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
617 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
618 you see the above error:
620 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
625 Use bmake by default.
626 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
627 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
628 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
630 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
631 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
632 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
633 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
634 behavior in parallel build.
637 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
640 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
641 the IDEA patent expired.
644 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
645 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
649 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
650 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
651 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
652 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
653 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
654 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
655 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
659 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
660 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
661 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
662 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
666 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
667 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
668 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
669 binaries will not work on older kernels.
672 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
673 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
676 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
677 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
678 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
679 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
682 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
683 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
684 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
685 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
686 in /boot/loader.conf.
689 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
690 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
691 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
692 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
693 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
696 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
697 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
699 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
700 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
703 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
704 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
705 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
706 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
707 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
710 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
711 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
712 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
713 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
714 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
718 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
719 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
720 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
721 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
722 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
723 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
724 use is expected to be extremely rare.
727 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
728 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
729 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
732 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
733 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
734 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
738 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
739 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
740 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
745 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
746 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
747 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
750 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
751 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
752 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
753 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
754 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
755 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
758 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
759 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
760 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
761 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
762 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
763 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
764 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
768 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
769 functionality now turned on by default.
772 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
773 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
774 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
775 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
776 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
777 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
778 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
779 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
780 of the two kernel options.
783 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
784 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
785 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
786 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
789 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
790 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
794 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
795 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
796 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
799 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
800 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
801 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
802 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
803 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
806 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
807 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
808 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
809 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
812 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
815 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
816 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
817 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
821 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
822 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
826 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
827 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
828 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
831 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
832 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
833 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
834 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
835 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
839 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
840 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
843 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
844 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
845 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
846 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
850 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
851 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
852 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
855 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
856 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
857 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
860 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
861 with other variables:
862 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
863 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
866 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
867 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
868 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
869 installed as "bsdsort".
872 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
873 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
874 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
875 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
876 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
877 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
878 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
879 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
880 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
883 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
884 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
885 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
886 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
887 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
888 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
892 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
893 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
894 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
895 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
896 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
897 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
898 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
901 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
905 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
906 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
907 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
908 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
909 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
910 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
913 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
914 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
915 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
916 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
920 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
921 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
922 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
923 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
925 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
926 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
929 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
930 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
931 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
933 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
936 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
937 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
938 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
939 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
940 not supported anymore.
942 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
943 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
944 need to be recompiled.
947 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
951 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
952 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
953 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
957 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
958 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
961 sysinstall has been removed
964 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
965 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
968 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
969 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
970 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
971 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
972 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
973 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
974 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
975 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
976 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
977 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
980 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
981 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
982 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
983 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
986 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
987 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
988 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
989 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
991 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
992 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
993 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
996 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
997 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
998 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
999 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
1002 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
1004 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
1005 The following sysctl is retired:
1006 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
1007 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
1008 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
1009 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
1010 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
1011 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
1012 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
1013 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
1014 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
1015 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
1016 a default scheduler.
1019 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
1023 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
1024 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
1025 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
1029 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
1032 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
1033 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
1034 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
1035 drivers need to be recompiled.
1037 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
1038 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
1039 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
1040 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
1044 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
1045 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
1048 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
1049 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
1050 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
1051 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
1052 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
1053 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
1054 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
1055 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
1056 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
1057 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
1058 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
1060 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
1062 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
1063 a diskless root fs use the old client.
1066 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
1067 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
1068 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
1069 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
1070 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
1071 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
1072 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
1073 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
1074 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
1075 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
1076 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
1077 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
1079 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
1080 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
1081 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
1082 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
1083 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
1084 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
1085 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
1086 them are parts of the cam module.
1088 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1089 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1090 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1092 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1093 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1094 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1099 , and instead add back:
1100 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1101 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1102 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1103 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1104 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1107 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1108 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1109 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1110 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1111 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1112 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1115 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1116 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1117 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1120 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1121 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1122 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1123 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1124 in order to use ath on everything else.
1126 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1127 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1130 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1131 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1132 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1135 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1136 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1137 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1138 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1139 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1140 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1143 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1144 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1145 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1146 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1147 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1149 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1150 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1153 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1154 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1155 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1156 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1157 The function remains undocumented.
1160 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1161 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1162 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1163 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1164 systems where the define is not present can check against
1165 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1167 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1168 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1169 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1170 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1171 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1172 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1175 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1176 the following warning:
1177 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1178 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1179 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1180 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1181 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1182 install it on your system.
1184 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1185 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1186 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1187 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1190 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1191 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1192 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1193 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1197 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1198 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1199 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1200 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1201 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1202 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1203 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1204 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1205 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1206 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1207 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1208 it, for example via:
1209 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1211 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1212 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1213 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1214 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1215 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1216 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1217 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1219 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1220 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1223 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1224 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1225 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1226 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1227 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1230 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1231 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1232 migrate local entries to the new format.
1235 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1236 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1240 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1241 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1242 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1243 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1244 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1245 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1248 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1249 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1251 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1252 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1253 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1256 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1257 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1258 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1259 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1260 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1262 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1263 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1264 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1267 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1268 now i386 and amd64 only.
1269 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1270 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1271 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1272 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1273 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1274 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1277 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1278 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1281 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1282 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1283 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1284 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1285 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1286 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1287 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1288 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1289 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1290 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1291 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1294 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1295 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1296 machine powerpc powerpc
1298 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1302 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1303 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1304 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1305 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1306 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1309 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1310 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1311 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1312 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1313 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1316 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1317 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1318 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1319 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1321 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1322 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1323 to unwanted behavior.
1326 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1327 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1328 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1329 be modified accordingly.
1332 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1333 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1334 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1335 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1336 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1337 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1339 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1340 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1341 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1344 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1345 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1346 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1347 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1348 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1351 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1352 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1353 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1356 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1357 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1358 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1359 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1360 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1362 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1363 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1364 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1366 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1372 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1373 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1374 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1375 operation of applications on the console.
1377 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1378 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1379 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1382 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1383 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1384 performed by syscons(4).
1387 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1388 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1389 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1391 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1392 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1396 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1397 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1398 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1399 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1400 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1404 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1405 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1407 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1408 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1409 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1411 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1412 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1414 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1417 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1418 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1420 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1421 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1422 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1424 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1425 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1426 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1427 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1428 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1429 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1430 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1431 using ifconfig(8) like:
1433 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1435 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1438 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1440 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1441 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1442 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1443 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1444 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1447 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1448 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1451 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1452 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1453 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1454 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1455 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1456 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1459 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1460 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1463 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1464 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1465 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1469 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1470 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1471 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1474 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1475 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1478 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1479 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1480 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1483 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1484 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1485 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1488 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1489 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1490 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1491 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1492 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1495 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1496 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1497 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1498 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1499 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1502 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1503 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1504 may need to be adjusted.
1507 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1508 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1509 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1510 with routing sockets.
1513 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1514 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1515 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1518 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1519 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1520 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1524 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1525 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1526 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1529 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1530 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1531 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1532 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1533 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1534 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1535 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1536 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1538 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1539 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1540 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1541 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1542 authentication method is used.
1545 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1546 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1547 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1548 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1549 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1552 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1553 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1556 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1560 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1561 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1564 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1565 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1568 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1569 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1573 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1574 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1576 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1579 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1583 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1584 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1587 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1589 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1592 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1593 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1594 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1595 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1596 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1597 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1600 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1601 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1604 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1606 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1609 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1610 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1613 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1614 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1617 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1618 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1619 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1620 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1621 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1624 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1625 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1626 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1627 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1628 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1629 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1632 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1633 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1634 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1635 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1637 For kernel developers:
1639 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1640 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1641 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1643 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1644 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1645 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1646 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1648 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1649 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1650 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1651 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1652 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1653 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1654 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1655 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1656 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1657 multicast membership on-link.
1658 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1659 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1660 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1662 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1663 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1665 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1666 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1669 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1670 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1671 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1672 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1674 For application developers:
1676 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1679 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1680 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1682 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1683 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1684 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1685 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1687 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1688 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1689 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1690 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1691 Multicast Source Filters'.
1693 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1695 For systems administrators:
1697 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1698 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1699 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1700 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1701 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1703 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1704 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1706 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1707 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1708 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1709 recommended for optimal system performance.
1711 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1712 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1713 back forwarded datagrams.
1715 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1718 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1719 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1722 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1723 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1724 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1725 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1728 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1729 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1730 state will require a world rebuild.
1731 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1734 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1735 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1736 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1739 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1740 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1741 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1742 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1744 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1747 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1748 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1749 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1750 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1751 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1752 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1753 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1754 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1757 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1758 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1759 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1762 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1763 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1764 introduces some changes:
1766 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1767 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1768 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1770 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1771 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1772 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1773 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1775 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1776 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1777 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1780 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1783 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1784 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1785 (supported by sane).
1788 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1789 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1790 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1791 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1792 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1795 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1796 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1797 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1798 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1802 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1803 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1804 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1805 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1808 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1809 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1812 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1813 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1815 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1816 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1817 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1819 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1820 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1821 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1822 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1823 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1824 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1825 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1826 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1828 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1829 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1830 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1831 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1832 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1833 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1835 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1836 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1837 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1838 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1839 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1841 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1842 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1843 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1846 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1847 recompiled to reflect this.
1848 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1851 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1852 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1853 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1854 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1855 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1856 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1859 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1860 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1861 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1862 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1863 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1864 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1867 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1868 network device driver modules.
1871 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1872 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1875 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1876 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1877 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1878 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1879 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1883 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1884 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1885 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1889 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1890 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1892 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1893 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1894 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1897 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1898 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1899 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1900 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1901 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1902 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1904 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1905 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1907 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1908 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1911 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1912 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1913 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1916 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1917 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1918 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1919 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1923 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1924 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1927 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1928 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1929 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1930 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1931 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1932 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1935 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1936 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1937 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1938 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1941 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1942 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1943 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1944 in next mpd5.3 release.
1947 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1948 the base system (it was a port).
1951 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1952 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1955 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1956 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1957 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1958 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1959 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1960 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1961 none of the L2 information.
1964 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1965 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1967 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1969 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1973 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1974 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1975 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1976 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1979 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1980 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1981 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1982 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1983 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1987 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1988 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1989 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1990 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1993 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1996 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1997 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1998 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1999 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
2000 controller add the following to loader.conf:
2006 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
2007 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
2011 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
2012 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
2013 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
2014 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
2015 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
2016 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
2017 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
2020 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
2021 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
2022 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
2023 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
2024 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
2027 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
2033 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
2035 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
2036 cause compilation to fail.
2039 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
2042 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
2044 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
2045 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
2046 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
2047 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
2048 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
2049 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
2050 accepting the RSA key.
2052 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
2053 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
2056 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
2057 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
2058 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
2062 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
2063 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
2064 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
2066 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
2067 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
2068 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
2069 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
2070 use the new device names.
2072 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
2073 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
2074 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
2075 at the loader prompt:
2077 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
2078 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
2079 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
2080 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
2084 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2088 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2089 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2090 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2091 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2094 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2095 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2098 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2099 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2100 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2101 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2102 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2105 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2106 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2107 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2108 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2109 For example, change:
2110 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2113 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2114 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2115 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2116 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2118 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2119 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2120 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2123 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2124 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2125 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2126 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2127 other operation levels.
2130 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2131 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2132 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2133 compatibility with any prior release:
2135 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2136 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2137 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2140 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2141 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2142 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2143 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2144 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2148 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2149 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2150 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2151 with older hardware easier to do.
2154 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2155 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2158 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2159 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2160 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2164 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2168 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2169 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2170 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2171 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2172 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2173 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2174 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2175 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2176 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2177 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2178 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2179 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2182 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2183 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2184 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2187 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2188 functionality is the default now.
2191 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2192 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2193 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2194 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2195 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2197 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2198 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2199 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2202 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2203 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2204 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2205 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2206 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2207 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2208 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2209 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2210 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2211 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2215 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2216 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2217 used kproc_start()..
2218 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2219 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2220 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2229 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2230 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2231 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2232 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2233 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2234 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2235 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2237 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2238 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2239 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2240 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2241 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2243 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2244 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2245 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2246 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2247 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2249 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2250 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2251 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2252 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2256 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2259 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2260 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2262 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2264 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2265 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2266 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2268 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2272 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2273 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2274 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2276 make kernel-toolchain
2277 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2278 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2280 To test a kernel once
2281 ---------------------
2282 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2283 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2284 debugging information) run
2285 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2286 nextboot -k testkernel
2288 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2289 --------------------------------------------------------------
2290 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2291 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2292 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2294 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2295 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2296 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2301 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2303 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2304 -----------------------------------------------------------
2305 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2306 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2308 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2310 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2312 <reboot in single user> [3]
2319 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2320 --------------------------------------------------
2321 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2322 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2323 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2326 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2329 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2330 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2331 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2332 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2333 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2334 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2335 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2336 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2337 <reboot into current>
2338 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2339 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2343 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2344 ----------------------------------------------
2345 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2347 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2349 <reboot in single user> [3]
2356 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2357 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2358 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2359 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2360 the UPDATING entries.
2362 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2363 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2364 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2365 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2366 much fewer pitfalls.
2368 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2369 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2372 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2377 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2378 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2379 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2381 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2382 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2383 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2384 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2385 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2386 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2387 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2389 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2390 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2391 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2392 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2393 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2394 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2396 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2397 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2398 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2400 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2401 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2402 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2403 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2404 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2405 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2407 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2408 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2410 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2411 cvs prune empty directories.
2413 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2414 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2415 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2417 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2418 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2419 warn if it is improperly defined.
2422 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2423 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2424 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2425 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2426 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2428 Copyright information:
2430 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2432 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2433 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2434 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2436 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2437 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2438 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2439 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2440 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2441 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2442 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2443 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2444 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2445 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2446 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2448 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of