1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20160923 p38 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl
21 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites.
23 20160725 p37 FreeBSD-SA-16:25.bspatch
24 FreeBSD-EN-16:09.freebsd-update
26 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:25]
28 Fix freebsd-update(8) support of FreeBSD 11.0 release
29 distribution. [EN-16:09]
31 20160604 p36 FreeBSD-SA-16:24.ntp
33 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
35 20160531 p35 FreeBSD-SA-16:20.linux
36 FreeBSD-SA-16:21.43bsd
37 FreeBSD-SA-16:22.libarchive
39 Fix kernel stack disclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:20]
40 Fix kernel stack disclosure in 4.3BSD compatibility layer. [SA-16:21]
41 Fix directory traversal in cpio(1). [SA-16:22]
43 20160517 p34 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
44 FreeBSD-SA-16:19.sendmsg
46 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
48 Fix incorrect argument handling in sendmsg(2). [SA-16:19]
50 20160504 p33 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
53 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
55 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
57 20160429 p32 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
59 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
61 20160316 p31 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
62 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
63 FreeBSD-EN-16:04.hyperv
65 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
66 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
67 Fix Hyper-V KVP (Key-Value Pair) daemon indefinite sleep. [EN-16:04]
69 20160303 p30 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
71 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
73 20160130 p29 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
75 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
77 20160127 p28 FreeBSD-SA-16:09.ntp
78 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
80 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
82 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
83 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
85 20160114 p27 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
87 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
89 20160114 p26 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
90 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
93 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
94 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
96 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
98 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
99 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
100 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
101 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
102 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
103 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
104 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
105 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
107 20151205 p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
109 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26]
111 20151104 p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
112 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
115 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
116 clock in 10.1-RELEASE-p23. [SA-15:25.ntp]
118 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
120 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
121 memory address. [EN-15:20]
123 20151026: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
125 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
127 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
128 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
129 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
130 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
132 20151002: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
133 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
135 20150929: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
137 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
139 20150916: p20 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
141 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
143 20150825: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
144 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
145 FreeBSD-EN-15:14.ixgbe
148 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
150 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
152 Disabled ixgbe(4) flow-director support. [EN-15:14]
154 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
157 20150818: p18 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
159 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
162 20150805: p17 FreeBSD-SA-15:18.bsdpatch
163 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
165 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability via ed(1).
168 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:19]
170 20150728: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:14.bsdpatch
172 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
174 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability. [SA-15:14]
176 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
178 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
180 20150721: p15 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
182 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
185 20150630: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
186 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
187 FreeBSD-EN-15:10.iconv
189 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
191 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
194 Improved iconv(3) UTF-7 support. [EN-15:10]
196 20150618: p13 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
197 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
199 20150612: p12 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
200 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
202 20150609: p11 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
205 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
206 of service issues. [EN-15:06]
208 Improved reliability of ZFS when TRIM/UNMAP and/or L2ARC is used.
211 20150513: p10 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
214 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
215 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
217 Fix deadlock on reboot with UFS tuned with SU+J. [EN-15:05]
219 20150407: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
221 FreeBSD-SA-15:08.bsdinstall
222 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
224 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
226 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
228 Fix bsdinstall(8) insecure default GELI keyfile permissions. [SA-15:08]
230 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
233 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
235 20150319: p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
236 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
238 20150225: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
240 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
241 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
243 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
245 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
247 Updated base system OpenSSL to 1.0.1l. [EN-15:02]
249 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
251 20150127: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
252 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
254 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
255 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
257 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
259 20150114: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
260 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
262 20141223: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
263 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
265 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
266 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
268 20141217: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:30.unbound
269 Fix unbound remote denial of service vulnerability.
271 20141210: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:27.stdio
272 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
274 Fix buffer overflow in stdio. [SA-14:27]
276 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
280 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
281 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
282 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
283 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
287 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
288 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
289 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
290 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
291 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
292 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
293 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
296 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
297 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
298 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
301 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
302 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
303 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
304 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
305 be removed during a clean upgrade.
308 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
309 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
310 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
313 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
314 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
315 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
318 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
319 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
320 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
321 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
322 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
326 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
327 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
328 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
329 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
330 to do the right thing.
333 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
334 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
335 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
338 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
339 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
340 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
343 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
344 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
345 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
346 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
347 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
350 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
353 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
356 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
357 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
358 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
359 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
360 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
361 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
364 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
365 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
366 kernel is still highly recommended.
369 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
370 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
371 capability mode support in kernel.
374 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
375 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
376 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
377 the nfe(4) driver instead.
383 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
384 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
385 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
386 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
387 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
388 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
389 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
390 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
391 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
394 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
395 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
396 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
397 should change your settings to use the latter.
400 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
401 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
402 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
403 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
404 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
407 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
408 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
409 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
411 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
413 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
416 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
417 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
418 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
419 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
420 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
421 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
423 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
424 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
425 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
426 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
427 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
428 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
430 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
431 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
435 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
436 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
437 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
438 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
440 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
441 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
442 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
443 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
446 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
447 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
448 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
451 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
452 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
453 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
454 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
457 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
458 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
459 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
463 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
464 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
465 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
469 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
470 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
471 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
472 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
473 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
474 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
477 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
478 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
479 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
482 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
483 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
484 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
487 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
488 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
489 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
490 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
491 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
492 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
495 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
496 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
497 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
499 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
500 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
501 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
502 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
503 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
506 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
507 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
508 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
509 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
513 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
514 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
515 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
518 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
520 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
521 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
522 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
523 old as well as the new version of find.
526 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
527 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
528 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
529 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
530 subdirectories must be reviewed.
533 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
534 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
535 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
537 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
539 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
540 users are advised to upgrade.
543 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
544 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
547 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
548 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
549 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
552 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
553 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
555 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
556 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
557 overloading the machine.
560 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
561 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
562 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
563 write access to that file.
566 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
567 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
570 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
572 make: illegal option -- J
573 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
575 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
577 this likely due to an old instance of make in
578 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
579 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
580 you see the above error:
582 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
587 Use bmake by default.
588 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
589 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
590 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
592 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
593 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
594 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
595 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
596 behavior in parallel build.
599 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
602 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
603 the IDEA patent expired.
606 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
607 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
611 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
612 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
613 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
614 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
615 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
616 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
617 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
621 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
622 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
623 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
624 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
628 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
629 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
630 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
631 binaries will not work on older kernels.
634 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
635 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
638 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
639 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
640 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
641 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
644 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
645 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
646 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
647 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
648 in /boot/loader.conf.
651 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
652 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
653 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
654 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
655 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
658 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
659 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
661 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
662 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
665 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
666 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
667 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
668 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
669 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
672 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
673 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
674 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
675 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
676 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
680 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
681 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
682 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
683 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
684 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
685 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
686 use is expected to be extremely rare.
689 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
690 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
691 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
694 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
695 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
696 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
700 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
701 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
702 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
707 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
708 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
709 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
712 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
713 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
714 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
715 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
716 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
717 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
720 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
721 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
722 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
723 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
724 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
725 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
726 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
730 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
731 functionality now turned on by default.
734 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
735 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
736 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
737 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
738 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
739 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
740 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
741 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
742 of the two kernel options.
745 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
746 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
747 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
748 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
751 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
752 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
756 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
757 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
758 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
761 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
762 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
763 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
764 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
765 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
768 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
769 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
770 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
771 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
774 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
777 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
778 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
779 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
783 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
784 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
788 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
789 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
790 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
793 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
794 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
795 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
796 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
797 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
801 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
802 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
805 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
806 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
807 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
808 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
812 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
813 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
814 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
817 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
818 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
819 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
822 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
823 with other variables:
824 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
825 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
828 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
829 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
830 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
831 installed as "bsdsort".
834 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
835 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
836 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
837 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
838 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
839 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
840 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
841 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
842 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
845 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
846 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
847 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
848 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
849 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
850 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
854 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
855 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
856 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
857 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
858 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
859 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
860 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
863 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
867 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
868 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
869 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
870 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
871 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
872 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
875 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
876 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
877 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
878 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
882 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
883 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
884 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
885 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
887 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
888 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
891 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
892 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
893 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
895 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
898 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
899 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
900 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
901 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
902 not supported anymore.
904 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
905 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
906 need to be recompiled.
909 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
913 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
914 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
915 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
919 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
920 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
923 sysinstall has been removed
926 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
927 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
930 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
931 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
932 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
933 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
934 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
935 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
936 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
937 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
938 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
939 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
942 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
943 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
944 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
945 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
948 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
949 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
950 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
951 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
953 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
954 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
955 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
958 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
959 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
960 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
961 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
964 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
966 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
967 The following sysctl is retired:
968 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
969 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
970 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
971 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
972 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
973 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
974 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
975 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
976 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
977 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
981 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
985 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
986 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
987 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
991 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
994 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
995 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
996 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
997 drivers need to be recompiled.
999 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
1000 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
1001 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
1002 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
1006 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
1007 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
1010 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
1011 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
1012 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
1013 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
1014 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
1015 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
1016 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
1017 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
1018 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
1019 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
1020 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
1022 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
1024 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
1025 a diskless root fs use the old client.
1028 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
1029 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
1030 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
1031 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
1032 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
1033 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
1034 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
1035 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
1036 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
1037 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
1038 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
1039 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
1041 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
1042 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
1043 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
1044 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
1045 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
1046 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
1047 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
1048 them are parts of the cam module.
1050 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1051 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1052 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1054 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1055 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1056 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1061 , and instead add back:
1062 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1063 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1064 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1065 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1066 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1069 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1070 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1071 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1072 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1073 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1074 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1077 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1078 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1079 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1082 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1083 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1084 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1085 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1086 in order to use ath on everything else.
1088 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1089 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1092 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1093 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1094 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1097 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1098 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1099 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1100 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1101 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1102 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1105 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1106 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1107 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1108 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1109 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1111 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1112 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1115 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1116 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1117 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1118 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1119 The function remains undocumented.
1122 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1123 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1124 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1125 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1126 systems where the define is not present can check against
1127 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1129 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1130 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1131 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1132 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1133 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1134 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1137 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1138 the following warning:
1139 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1140 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1141 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1142 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1143 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1144 install it on your system.
1146 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1147 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1148 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1149 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1152 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1153 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1154 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1155 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1159 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1160 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1161 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1162 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1163 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1164 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1165 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1166 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1167 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1168 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1169 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1170 it, for example via:
1171 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1173 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1174 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1175 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1176 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1177 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1178 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1179 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1181 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1182 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1185 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1186 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1187 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1188 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1189 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1192 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1193 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1194 migrate local entries to the new format.
1197 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1198 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1202 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1203 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1204 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1205 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1206 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1207 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1210 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1211 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1213 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1214 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1215 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1218 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1219 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1220 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1221 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1222 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1224 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1225 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1226 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1229 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1230 now i386 and amd64 only.
1231 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1232 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1233 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1234 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1235 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1236 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1239 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1240 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1243 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1244 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1245 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1246 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1247 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1248 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1249 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1250 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1251 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1252 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1253 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1256 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1257 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1258 machine powerpc powerpc
1260 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1264 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1265 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1266 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1267 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1268 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1271 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1272 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1273 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1274 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1275 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1278 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1279 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1280 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1281 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1283 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1284 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1285 to unwanted behavior.
1288 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1289 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1290 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1291 be modified accordingly.
1294 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1295 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1296 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1297 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1298 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1299 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1301 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1302 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1303 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1306 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1307 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1308 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1309 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1310 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1313 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1314 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1315 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1318 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1319 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1320 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1321 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1322 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1324 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1325 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1326 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1328 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1334 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1335 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1336 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1337 operation of applications on the console.
1339 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1340 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1341 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1344 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1345 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1346 performed by syscons(4).
1349 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1350 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1351 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1353 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1354 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1358 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1359 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1360 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1361 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1362 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1366 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1367 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1369 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1370 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1371 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1373 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1374 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1376 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1379 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1380 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1382 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1383 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1384 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1386 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1387 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1388 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1389 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1390 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1391 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1392 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1393 using ifconfig(8) like:
1395 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1397 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1400 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1402 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1403 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1404 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1405 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1406 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1409 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1410 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1413 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1414 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1415 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1416 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1417 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1418 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1421 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1422 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1425 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1426 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1427 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1431 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1432 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1433 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1436 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1437 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1440 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1441 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1442 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1445 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1446 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1447 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1450 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1451 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1452 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1453 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1454 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1457 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1458 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1459 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1460 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1461 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1464 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1465 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1466 may need to be adjusted.
1469 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1470 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1471 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1472 with routing sockets.
1475 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1476 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1477 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1480 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1481 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1482 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1486 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1487 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1488 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1491 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1492 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1493 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1494 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1495 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1496 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1497 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1498 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1500 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1501 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1502 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1503 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1504 authentication method is used.
1507 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1508 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1509 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1510 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1511 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1514 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1515 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1518 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1522 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1523 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1526 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1527 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1530 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1531 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1535 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1536 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1538 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1541 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1545 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1546 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1549 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1551 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1554 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1555 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1556 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1557 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1558 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1559 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1562 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1563 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1566 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1568 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1571 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1572 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1575 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1576 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1579 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1580 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1581 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1582 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1583 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1586 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1587 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1588 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1589 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1590 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1591 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1594 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1595 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1596 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1597 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1599 For kernel developers:
1601 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1602 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1603 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1605 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1606 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1607 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1608 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1610 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1611 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1612 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1613 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1614 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1615 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1616 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1617 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1618 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1619 multicast membership on-link.
1620 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1621 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1622 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1624 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1625 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1627 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1628 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1631 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1632 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1633 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1634 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1636 For application developers:
1638 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1641 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1642 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1644 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1645 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1646 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1647 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1649 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1650 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1651 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1652 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1653 Multicast Source Filters'.
1655 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1657 For systems administrators:
1659 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1660 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1661 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1662 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1663 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1665 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1666 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1668 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1669 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1670 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1671 recommended for optimal system performance.
1673 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1674 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1675 back forwarded datagrams.
1677 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1680 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1681 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1684 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1685 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1686 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1687 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1690 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1691 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1692 state will require a world rebuild.
1693 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1696 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1697 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1698 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1701 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1702 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1703 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1704 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1706 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1709 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1710 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1711 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1712 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1713 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1714 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1715 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1716 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1719 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1720 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1721 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1724 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1725 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1726 introduces some changes:
1728 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1729 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1730 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1732 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1733 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1734 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1735 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1737 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1738 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1739 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1742 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1745 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1746 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1747 (supported by sane).
1750 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1751 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1752 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1753 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1754 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1757 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1758 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1759 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1760 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1764 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1765 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1766 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1767 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1770 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1771 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1774 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1775 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1777 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1778 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1779 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1781 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1782 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1783 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1784 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1785 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1786 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1787 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1788 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1790 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1791 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1792 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1793 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1794 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1795 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1797 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1798 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1799 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1800 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1801 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1803 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1804 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1805 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1808 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1809 recompiled to reflect this.
1810 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1813 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1814 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1815 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1816 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1817 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1818 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1821 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1822 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1823 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1824 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1825 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1826 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1829 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1830 network device driver modules.
1833 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1834 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1837 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1838 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1839 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1840 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1841 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1845 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1846 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1847 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1851 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1852 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1854 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1855 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1856 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1859 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1860 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1861 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1862 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1863 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1864 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1866 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1867 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1869 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1870 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1873 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1874 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1875 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1878 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1879 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1880 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1881 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1885 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1886 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1889 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1890 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1891 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1892 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1893 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1894 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1897 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1898 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1899 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1900 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1903 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1904 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1905 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1906 in next mpd5.3 release.
1909 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1910 the base system (it was a port).
1913 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1914 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1917 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1918 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1919 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1920 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1921 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1922 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1923 none of the L2 information.
1926 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1927 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1929 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1931 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1935 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1936 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1937 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1938 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1941 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1942 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1943 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1944 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1945 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1949 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1950 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1951 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1952 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1955 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1958 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1959 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1960 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1961 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1962 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1968 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1969 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1973 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1974 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1975 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1976 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1977 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1978 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1979 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1982 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1983 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1984 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1985 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1986 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1989 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1995 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1997 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1998 cause compilation to fail.
2001 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
2004 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
2006 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
2007 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
2008 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
2009 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
2010 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
2011 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
2012 accepting the RSA key.
2014 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
2015 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
2018 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
2019 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
2020 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
2024 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
2025 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
2026 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
2028 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
2029 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
2030 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
2031 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
2032 use the new device names.
2034 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
2035 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
2036 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
2037 at the loader prompt:
2039 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
2040 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
2041 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
2042 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
2046 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2050 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2051 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2052 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2053 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2056 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2057 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2060 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2061 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2062 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2063 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2064 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2067 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2068 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2069 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2070 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2071 For example, change:
2072 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2075 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2076 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2077 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2078 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2080 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2081 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2082 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2085 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2086 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2087 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2088 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2089 other operation levels.
2092 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2093 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2094 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2095 compatibility with any prior release:
2097 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2098 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2099 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2102 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2103 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2104 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2105 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2106 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2110 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2111 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2112 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2113 with older hardware easier to do.
2116 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2117 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2120 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2121 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2122 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2126 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2130 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2131 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2132 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2133 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2134 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2135 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2136 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2137 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2138 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2139 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2140 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2141 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2144 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2145 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2146 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2149 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2150 functionality is the default now.
2153 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2154 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2155 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2156 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2157 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2159 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2160 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2161 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2164 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2165 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2166 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2167 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2168 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2169 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2170 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2171 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2172 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2173 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2177 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2178 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2179 used kproc_start()..
2180 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2181 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2182 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2191 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2192 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2193 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2194 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2195 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2196 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2197 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2199 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2200 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2201 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2202 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2203 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2205 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2206 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2207 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2208 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2209 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2211 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2212 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2213 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2214 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2218 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2221 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2222 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2224 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2226 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2227 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2228 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2230 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2234 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2235 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2236 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2238 make kernel-toolchain
2239 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2240 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2242 To test a kernel once
2243 ---------------------
2244 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2245 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2246 debugging information) run
2247 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2248 nextboot -k testkernel
2250 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2251 --------------------------------------------------------------
2252 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2253 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2254 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2256 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2257 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2258 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2263 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2265 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2266 -----------------------------------------------------------
2267 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2268 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2270 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2272 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2274 <reboot in single user> [3]
2281 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2282 --------------------------------------------------
2283 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2284 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2285 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2288 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2291 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2292 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2293 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2294 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2295 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2296 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2297 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2298 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2299 <reboot into current>
2300 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2301 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2305 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2306 ----------------------------------------------
2307 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2309 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2311 <reboot in single user> [3]
2318 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2319 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2320 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2321 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2322 the UPDATING entries.
2324 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2325 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2326 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2327 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2328 much fewer pitfalls.
2330 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2331 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2334 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2339 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2340 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2341 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2343 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2344 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2345 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2346 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2347 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2348 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2349 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2351 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2352 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2353 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2354 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2355 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2356 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2358 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2359 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2360 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2362 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2363 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2364 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2365 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2366 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2367 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2369 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2370 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2372 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2373 cvs prune empty directories.
2375 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2376 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2377 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2379 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2380 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2381 warn if it is improperly defined.
2384 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2385 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2386 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2387 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2388 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2390 Copyright information:
2392 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2394 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2395 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2396 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2398 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2399 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2400 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2401 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2402 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2403 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2404 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2405 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2406 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2407 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2408 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2410 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of