1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20160517 p34 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
20 FreeBSD-SA-16:19.sendmsg
22 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
24 Fix incorrect argument handling in sendmsg(2). [SA-16:19]
26 20160504 p33 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
29 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
31 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
33 20160429 p32 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
35 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
37 20160316 p31 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
38 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
39 FreeBSD-EN-16:04.hyperv
41 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
42 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
43 Fix Hyper-V KVP (Key-Value Pair) daemon indefinite sleep. [EN-16:04]
45 20160303 p30 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
47 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
49 20160130 p29 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
51 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
53 20160127 p28 FreeBSD-SA-16:09.ntp
54 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
56 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
58 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
59 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
61 20160114 p27 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
63 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
65 20160114 p26 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
66 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
69 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
70 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
72 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
74 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
75 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
76 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
77 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
78 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
79 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
80 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
81 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
83 20151205 p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
85 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26]
87 20151104 p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
88 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
91 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
92 clock in 10.1-RELEASE-p23. [SA-15:25.ntp]
94 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
96 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
97 memory address. [EN-15:20]
99 20151026: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
101 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
103 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
104 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
105 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
106 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
108 20151002: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
109 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
111 20150929: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
113 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
115 20150916: p20 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
117 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
119 20150825: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
120 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
121 FreeBSD-EN-15:14.ixgbe
124 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
126 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
128 Disabled ixgbe(4) flow-director support. [EN-15:14]
130 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
133 20150818: p18 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
135 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
138 20150805: p17 FreeBSD-SA-15:18.bsdpatch
139 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
141 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability via ed(1).
144 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:19]
146 20150728: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:14.bsdpatch
148 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
150 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability. [SA-15:14]
152 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
154 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
156 20150721: p15 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
158 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
161 20150630: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
162 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
163 FreeBSD-EN-15:10.iconv
165 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
167 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
170 Improved iconv(3) UTF-7 support. [EN-15:10]
172 20150618: p13 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
173 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
175 20150612: p12 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
176 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
178 20150609: p11 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
181 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
182 of service issues. [EN-15:06]
184 Improved reliability of ZFS when TRIM/UNMAP and/or L2ARC is used.
187 20150513: p10 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
190 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
191 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
193 Fix deadlock on reboot with UFS tuned with SU+J. [EN-15:05]
195 20150407: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
197 FreeBSD-SA-15:08.bsdinstall
198 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
200 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
202 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
204 Fix bsdinstall(8) insecure default GELI keyfile permissions. [SA-15:08]
206 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
209 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
211 20150319: p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
212 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
214 20150225: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
216 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
217 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
219 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
221 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
223 Updated base system OpenSSL to 1.0.1l. [EN-15:02]
225 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
227 20150127: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
228 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
230 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
231 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
233 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
235 20150114: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
236 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
238 20141223: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
239 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
241 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
242 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
244 20141217: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:30.unbound
245 Fix unbound remote denial of service vulnerability.
247 20141210: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:27.stdio
248 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
250 Fix buffer overflow in stdio. [SA-14:27]
252 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
256 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
257 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
258 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
259 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
263 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
264 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
265 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
266 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
267 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
268 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
269 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
272 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
273 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
274 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
277 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
278 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
279 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
280 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
281 be removed during a clean upgrade.
284 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
285 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
286 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
289 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
290 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
291 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
294 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
295 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
296 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
297 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
298 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
302 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
303 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
304 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
305 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
306 to do the right thing.
309 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
310 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
311 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
314 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
315 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
316 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
319 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
320 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
321 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
322 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
323 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
326 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
329 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
332 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
333 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
334 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
335 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
336 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
337 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
340 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
341 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
342 kernel is still highly recommended.
345 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
346 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
347 capability mode support in kernel.
350 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
351 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
352 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
353 the nfe(4) driver instead.
359 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
360 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
361 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
362 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
363 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
364 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
365 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
366 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
367 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
370 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
371 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
372 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
373 should change your settings to use the latter.
376 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
377 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
378 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
379 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
380 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
383 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
384 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
385 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
387 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
389 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
392 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
393 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
394 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
395 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
396 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
397 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
399 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
400 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
401 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
402 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
403 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
404 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
406 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
407 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
411 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
412 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
413 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
414 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
416 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
417 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
418 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
419 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
422 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
423 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
424 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
427 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
428 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
429 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
430 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
433 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
434 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
435 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
439 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
440 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
441 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
445 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
446 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
447 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
448 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
449 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
450 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
453 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
454 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
455 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
458 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
459 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
460 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
463 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
464 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
465 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
466 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
467 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
468 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
471 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
472 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
473 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
475 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
476 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
477 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
478 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
479 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
482 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
483 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
484 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
485 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
489 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
490 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
491 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
494 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
496 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
497 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
498 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
499 old as well as the new version of find.
502 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
503 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
504 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
505 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
506 subdirectories must be reviewed.
509 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
510 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
511 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
513 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
515 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
516 users are advised to upgrade.
519 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
520 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
523 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
524 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
525 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
528 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
529 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
531 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
532 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
533 overloading the machine.
536 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
537 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
538 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
539 write access to that file.
542 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
543 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
546 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
548 make: illegal option -- J
549 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
551 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
553 this likely due to an old instance of make in
554 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
555 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
556 you see the above error:
558 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
563 Use bmake by default.
564 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
565 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
566 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
568 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
569 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
570 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
571 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
572 behavior in parallel build.
575 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
578 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
579 the IDEA patent expired.
582 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
583 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
587 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
588 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
589 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
590 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
591 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
592 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
593 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
597 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
598 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
599 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
600 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
604 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
605 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
606 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
607 binaries will not work on older kernels.
610 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
611 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
614 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
615 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
616 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
617 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
620 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
621 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
622 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
623 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
624 in /boot/loader.conf.
627 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
628 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
629 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
630 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
631 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
634 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
635 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
637 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
638 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
641 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
642 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
643 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
644 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
645 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
648 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
649 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
650 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
651 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
652 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
656 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
657 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
658 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
659 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
660 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
661 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
662 use is expected to be extremely rare.
665 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
666 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
667 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
670 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
671 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
672 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
676 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
677 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
678 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
683 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
684 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
685 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
688 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
689 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
690 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
691 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
692 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
693 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
696 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
697 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
698 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
699 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
700 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
701 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
702 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
706 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
707 functionality now turned on by default.
710 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
711 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
712 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
713 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
714 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
715 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
716 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
717 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
718 of the two kernel options.
721 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
722 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
723 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
724 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
727 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
728 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
732 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
733 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
734 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
737 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
738 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
739 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
740 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
741 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
744 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
745 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
746 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
747 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
750 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
753 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
754 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
755 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
759 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
760 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
764 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
765 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
766 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
769 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
770 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
771 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
772 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
773 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
777 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
778 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
781 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
782 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
783 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
784 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
788 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
789 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
790 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
793 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
794 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
795 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
798 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
799 with other variables:
800 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
801 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
804 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
805 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
806 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
807 installed as "bsdsort".
810 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
811 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
812 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
813 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
814 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
815 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
816 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
817 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
818 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
821 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
822 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
823 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
824 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
825 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
826 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
830 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
831 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
832 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
833 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
834 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
835 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
836 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
839 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
843 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
844 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
845 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
846 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
847 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
848 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
851 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
852 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
853 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
854 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
858 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
859 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
860 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
861 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
863 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
864 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
867 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
868 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
869 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
871 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
874 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
875 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
876 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
877 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
878 not supported anymore.
880 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
881 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
882 need to be recompiled.
885 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
889 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
890 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
891 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
895 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
896 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
899 sysinstall has been removed
902 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
903 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
906 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
907 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
908 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
909 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
910 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
911 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
912 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
913 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
914 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
915 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
918 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
919 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
920 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
921 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
924 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
925 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
926 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
927 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
929 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
930 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
931 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
934 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
935 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
936 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
937 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
940 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
942 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
943 The following sysctl is retired:
944 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
945 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
946 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
947 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
948 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
949 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
950 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
951 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
952 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
953 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
957 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
961 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
962 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
963 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
967 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
970 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
971 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
972 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
973 drivers need to be recompiled.
975 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
976 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
977 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
978 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
982 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
983 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
986 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
987 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
988 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
989 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
990 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
991 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
992 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
993 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
994 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
995 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
996 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
998 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
1000 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
1001 a diskless root fs use the old client.
1004 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
1005 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
1006 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
1007 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
1008 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
1009 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
1010 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
1011 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
1012 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
1013 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
1014 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
1015 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
1017 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
1018 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
1019 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
1020 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
1021 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
1022 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
1023 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
1024 them are parts of the cam module.
1026 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1027 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1028 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1030 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1031 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1032 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1037 , and instead add back:
1038 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1039 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1040 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1041 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1042 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1045 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1046 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1047 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1048 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1049 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1050 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1053 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1054 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1055 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1058 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1059 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1060 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1061 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1062 in order to use ath on everything else.
1064 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1065 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1068 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1069 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1070 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1073 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1074 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1075 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1076 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1077 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1078 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1081 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1082 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1083 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1084 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1085 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1087 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1088 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1091 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1092 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1093 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1094 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1095 The function remains undocumented.
1098 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1099 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1100 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1101 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1102 systems where the define is not present can check against
1103 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1105 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1106 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1107 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1108 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1109 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1110 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1113 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1114 the following warning:
1115 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1116 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1117 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1118 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1119 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1120 install it on your system.
1122 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1123 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1124 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1125 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1128 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1129 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1130 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1131 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1135 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1136 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1137 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1138 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1139 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1140 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1141 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1142 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1143 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1144 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1145 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1146 it, for example via:
1147 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1149 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1150 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1151 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1152 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1153 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1154 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1155 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1157 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1158 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1161 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1162 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1163 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1164 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1165 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1168 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1169 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1170 migrate local entries to the new format.
1173 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1174 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1178 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1179 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1180 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1181 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1182 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1183 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1186 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1187 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1189 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1190 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1191 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1194 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1195 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1196 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1197 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1198 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1200 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1201 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1202 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1205 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1206 now i386 and amd64 only.
1207 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1208 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1209 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1210 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1211 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1212 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1215 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1216 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1219 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1220 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1221 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1222 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1223 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1224 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1225 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1226 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1227 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1228 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1229 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1232 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1233 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1234 machine powerpc powerpc
1236 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1240 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1241 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1242 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1243 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1244 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1247 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1248 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1249 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1250 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1251 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1254 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1255 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1256 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1257 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1259 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1260 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1261 to unwanted behavior.
1264 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1265 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1266 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1267 be modified accordingly.
1270 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1271 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1272 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1273 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1274 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1275 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1277 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1278 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1279 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1282 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1283 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1284 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1285 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1286 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1289 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1290 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1291 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1294 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1295 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1296 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1297 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1298 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1300 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1301 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1302 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1304 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1310 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1311 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1312 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1313 operation of applications on the console.
1315 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1316 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1317 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1320 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1321 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1322 performed by syscons(4).
1325 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1326 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1327 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1329 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1330 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1334 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1335 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1336 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1337 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1338 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1342 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1343 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1345 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1346 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1347 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1349 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1350 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1352 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1355 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1356 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1358 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1359 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1360 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1362 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1363 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1364 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1365 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1366 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1367 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1368 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1369 using ifconfig(8) like:
1371 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1373 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1376 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1378 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1379 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1380 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1381 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1382 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1385 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1386 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1389 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1390 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1391 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1392 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1393 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1394 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1397 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1398 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1401 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1402 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1403 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1407 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1408 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1409 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1412 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1413 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1416 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1417 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1418 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1421 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1422 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1423 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1426 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1427 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1428 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1429 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1430 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1433 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1434 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1435 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1436 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1437 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1440 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1441 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1442 may need to be adjusted.
1445 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1446 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1447 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1448 with routing sockets.
1451 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1452 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1453 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1456 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1457 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1458 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1462 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1463 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1464 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1467 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1468 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1469 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1470 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1471 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1472 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1473 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1474 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1476 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1477 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1478 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1479 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1480 authentication method is used.
1483 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1484 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1485 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1486 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1487 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1490 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1491 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1494 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1498 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1499 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1502 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1503 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1506 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1507 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1511 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1512 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1514 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1517 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1521 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1522 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1525 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1527 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1530 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1531 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1532 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1533 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1534 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1535 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1538 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1539 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1542 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1544 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1547 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1548 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1551 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1552 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1555 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1556 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1557 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1558 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1559 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1562 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1563 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1564 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1565 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1566 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1567 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1570 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1571 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1572 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1573 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1575 For kernel developers:
1577 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1578 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1579 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1581 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1582 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1583 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1584 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1586 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1587 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1588 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1589 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1590 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1591 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1592 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1593 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1594 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1595 multicast membership on-link.
1596 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1597 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1598 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1600 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1601 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1603 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1604 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1607 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1608 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1609 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1610 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1612 For application developers:
1614 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1617 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1618 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1620 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1621 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1622 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1623 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1625 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1626 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1627 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1628 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1629 Multicast Source Filters'.
1631 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1633 For systems administrators:
1635 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1636 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1637 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1638 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1639 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1641 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1642 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1644 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1645 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1646 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1647 recommended for optimal system performance.
1649 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1650 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1651 back forwarded datagrams.
1653 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1656 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1657 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1660 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1661 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1662 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1663 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1666 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1667 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1668 state will require a world rebuild.
1669 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1672 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1673 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1674 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1677 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1678 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1679 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1680 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1682 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1685 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1686 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1687 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1688 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1689 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1690 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1691 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1692 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1695 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1696 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1697 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1700 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1701 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1702 introduces some changes:
1704 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1705 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1706 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1708 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1709 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1710 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1711 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1713 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1714 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1715 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1718 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1721 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1722 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1723 (supported by sane).
1726 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1727 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1728 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1729 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1730 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1733 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1734 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1735 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1736 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1740 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1741 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1742 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1743 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1746 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1747 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1750 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1751 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1753 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1754 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1755 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1757 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1758 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1759 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1760 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1761 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1762 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1763 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1764 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1766 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1767 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1768 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1769 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1770 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1771 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1773 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1774 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1775 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1776 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1777 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1779 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1780 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1781 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1784 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1785 recompiled to reflect this.
1786 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1789 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1790 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1791 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1792 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1793 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1794 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1797 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1798 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1799 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1800 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1801 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1802 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1805 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1806 network device driver modules.
1809 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1810 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1813 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1814 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1815 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1816 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1817 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1821 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1822 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1823 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1827 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1828 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1830 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1831 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1832 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1835 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1836 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1837 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1838 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1839 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1840 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1842 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1843 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1845 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1846 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1849 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1850 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1851 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1854 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1855 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1856 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1857 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1861 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1862 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1865 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1866 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1867 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1868 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1869 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1870 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1873 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1874 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1875 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1876 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1879 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1880 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1881 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1882 in next mpd5.3 release.
1885 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1886 the base system (it was a port).
1889 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1890 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1893 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1894 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1895 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1896 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1897 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1898 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1899 none of the L2 information.
1902 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1903 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1905 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1907 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1911 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1912 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1913 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1914 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1917 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1918 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1919 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1920 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1921 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1925 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1926 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1927 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1928 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1931 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1934 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1935 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1936 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1937 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1938 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1944 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1945 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1949 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1950 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1951 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1952 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1953 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1954 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1955 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1958 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1959 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1960 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1961 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1962 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1965 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1971 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1973 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1974 cause compilation to fail.
1977 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1980 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1982 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1983 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1984 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1985 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1986 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1987 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1988 accepting the RSA key.
1990 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1991 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1994 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1995 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
1996 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
2000 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
2001 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
2002 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
2004 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
2005 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
2006 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
2007 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
2008 use the new device names.
2010 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
2011 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
2012 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
2013 at the loader prompt:
2015 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
2016 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
2017 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
2018 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
2022 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2026 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2027 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2028 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2029 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2032 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2033 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2036 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2037 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2038 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2039 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2040 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2043 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2044 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2045 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2046 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2047 For example, change:
2048 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2051 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2052 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2053 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2054 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2056 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2057 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2058 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2061 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2062 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2063 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2064 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2065 other operation levels.
2068 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2069 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2070 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2071 compatibility with any prior release:
2073 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2074 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2075 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2078 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2079 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2080 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2081 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2082 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2086 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2087 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2088 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2089 with older hardware easier to do.
2092 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2093 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2096 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2097 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2098 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2102 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2106 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2107 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2108 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2109 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2110 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2111 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2112 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2113 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2114 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2115 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2116 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2117 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2120 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2121 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2122 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2125 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2126 functionality is the default now.
2129 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2130 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2131 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2132 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2133 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2135 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2136 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2137 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2140 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2141 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2142 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2143 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2144 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2145 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2146 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2147 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2148 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2149 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2153 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2154 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2155 used kproc_start()..
2156 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2157 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2158 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2167 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2168 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2169 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2170 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2171 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2172 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2173 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2175 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2176 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2177 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2178 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2179 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2181 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2182 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2183 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2184 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2185 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2187 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2188 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2189 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2190 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2194 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2197 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2198 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2200 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2202 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2203 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2204 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2206 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2210 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2211 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2212 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2214 make kernel-toolchain
2215 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2216 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2218 To test a kernel once
2219 ---------------------
2220 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2221 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2222 debugging information) run
2223 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2224 nextboot -k testkernel
2226 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2227 --------------------------------------------------------------
2228 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2229 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2230 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2232 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2233 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2234 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2239 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2241 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2242 -----------------------------------------------------------
2243 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2244 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2246 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2248 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2250 <reboot in single user> [3]
2257 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2258 --------------------------------------------------
2259 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2260 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2261 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2264 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2267 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2268 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2269 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2270 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2271 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2272 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2273 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2274 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2275 <reboot into current>
2276 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2277 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2281 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2282 ----------------------------------------------
2283 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2285 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2287 <reboot in single user> [3]
2294 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2295 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2296 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2297 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2298 the UPDATING entries.
2300 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2301 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2302 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2303 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2304 much fewer pitfalls.
2306 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2307 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2310 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2315 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2316 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2317 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2319 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2320 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2321 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2322 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2323 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2324 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2325 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2327 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2328 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2329 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2330 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2331 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2332 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2334 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2335 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2336 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2338 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2339 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2340 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2341 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2342 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2343 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2345 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2346 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2348 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2349 cvs prune empty directories.
2351 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2352 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2353 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2355 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2356 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2357 warn if it is improperly defined.
2360 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2361 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2362 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2363 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2364 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2366 Copyright information:
2368 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2370 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2371 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2372 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2374 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2375 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2376 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2377 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2378 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2379 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2380 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2381 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2382 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2383 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2384 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2386 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of