1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20161025 p41 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch [revised]
21 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
23 20161010 p40 FreeBSD-SA-16:29.bspatch
24 FreeBSD-SA-16:30.portsnap
25 FreeBSD-SA-16:31.libarchive
27 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:29]
29 Fix multiple portsnap vulnerabilities. [SA-16:30]
31 Fix multiple libarchive vulnerabilities. [SA-16:31]
33 20160926 p39 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl [revised]
35 Fix OpenSSL regression introduced in SA-16:26.
37 20160923 p38 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl
39 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites.
41 20160725 p37 FreeBSD-SA-16:25.bspatch
42 FreeBSD-EN-16:09.freebsd-update
44 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:25]
46 Fix freebsd-update(8) support of FreeBSD 11.0 release
47 distribution. [EN-16:09]
49 20160604 p36 FreeBSD-SA-16:24.ntp
51 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
53 20160531 p35 FreeBSD-SA-16:20.linux
54 FreeBSD-SA-16:21.43bsd
55 FreeBSD-SA-16:22.libarchive
57 Fix kernel stack disclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:20]
58 Fix kernel stack disclosure in 4.3BSD compatibility layer. [SA-16:21]
59 Fix directory traversal in cpio(1). [SA-16:22]
61 20160517 p34 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
62 FreeBSD-SA-16:19.sendmsg
64 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
66 Fix incorrect argument handling in sendmsg(2). [SA-16:19]
68 20160504 p33 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
71 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
73 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
75 20160429 p32 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
77 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
79 20160316 p31 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
80 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
81 FreeBSD-EN-16:04.hyperv
83 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
84 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
85 Fix Hyper-V KVP (Key-Value Pair) daemon indefinite sleep. [EN-16:04]
87 20160303 p30 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
89 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
91 20160130 p29 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
93 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
95 20160127 p28 FreeBSD-SA-16:09.ntp
96 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
98 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
100 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
101 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
103 20160114 p27 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
105 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
107 20160114 p26 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
108 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
109 FreeBSD-SA-16:01.sctp
111 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
112 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
114 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
116 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
117 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
118 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
119 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
120 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
121 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
122 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
123 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
125 20151205 p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
127 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26]
129 20151104 p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
130 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
133 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
134 clock in 10.1-RELEASE-p23. [SA-15:25.ntp]
136 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
138 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
139 memory address. [EN-15:20]
141 20151026: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
143 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
145 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
146 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
147 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
148 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
150 20151002: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
151 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
153 20150929: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
155 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
157 20150916: p20 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
159 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
161 20150825: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
162 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
163 FreeBSD-EN-15:14.ixgbe
166 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
168 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
170 Disabled ixgbe(4) flow-director support. [EN-15:14]
172 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
175 20150818: p18 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
177 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
180 20150805: p17 FreeBSD-SA-15:18.bsdpatch
181 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
183 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability via ed(1).
186 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:19]
188 20150728: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:14.bsdpatch
190 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
192 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability. [SA-15:14]
194 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
196 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
198 20150721: p15 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
200 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
203 20150630: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
204 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
205 FreeBSD-EN-15:10.iconv
207 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
209 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
212 Improved iconv(3) UTF-7 support. [EN-15:10]
214 20150618: p13 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
215 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
217 20150612: p12 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
218 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
220 20150609: p11 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
223 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
224 of service issues. [EN-15:06]
226 Improved reliability of ZFS when TRIM/UNMAP and/or L2ARC is used.
229 20150513: p10 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
232 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
233 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
235 Fix deadlock on reboot with UFS tuned with SU+J. [EN-15:05]
237 20150407: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
239 FreeBSD-SA-15:08.bsdinstall
240 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
242 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
244 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
246 Fix bsdinstall(8) insecure default GELI keyfile permissions. [SA-15:08]
248 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
251 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
253 20150319: p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
254 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
256 20150225: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
258 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
259 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
261 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
263 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
265 Updated base system OpenSSL to 1.0.1l. [EN-15:02]
267 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
269 20150127: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
270 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
272 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
273 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
275 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
277 20150114: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
278 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
280 20141223: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
281 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
283 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
284 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
286 20141217: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:30.unbound
287 Fix unbound remote denial of service vulnerability.
289 20141210: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:27.stdio
290 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
292 Fix buffer overflow in stdio. [SA-14:27]
294 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
298 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
299 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
300 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
301 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
305 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
306 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
307 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
308 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
309 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
310 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
311 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
314 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
315 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
316 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
319 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
320 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
321 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
322 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
323 be removed during a clean upgrade.
326 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
327 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
328 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
331 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
332 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
333 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
336 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
337 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
338 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
339 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
340 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
344 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
345 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
346 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
347 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
348 to do the right thing.
351 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
352 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
353 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
356 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
357 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
358 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
361 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
362 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
363 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
364 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
365 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
368 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
371 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
374 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
375 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
376 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
377 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
378 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
379 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
382 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
383 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
384 kernel is still highly recommended.
387 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
388 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
389 capability mode support in kernel.
392 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
393 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
394 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
395 the nfe(4) driver instead.
401 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
402 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
403 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
404 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
405 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
406 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
407 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
408 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
409 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
412 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
413 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
414 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
415 should change your settings to use the latter.
418 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
419 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
420 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
421 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
422 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
425 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
426 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
427 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
429 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
431 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
434 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
435 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
436 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
437 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
438 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
439 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
441 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
442 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
443 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
444 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
445 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
446 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
448 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
449 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
453 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
454 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
455 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
456 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
458 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
459 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
460 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
461 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
464 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
465 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
466 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
469 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
470 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
471 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
472 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
475 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
476 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
477 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
481 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
482 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
483 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
487 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
488 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
489 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
490 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
491 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
492 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
495 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
496 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
497 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
500 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
501 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
502 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
505 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
506 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
507 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
508 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
509 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
510 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
513 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
514 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
515 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
517 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
518 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
519 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
520 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
521 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
524 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
525 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
526 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
527 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
531 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
532 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
533 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
536 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
538 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
539 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
540 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
541 old as well as the new version of find.
544 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
545 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
546 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
547 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
548 subdirectories must be reviewed.
551 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
552 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
553 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
555 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
557 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
558 users are advised to upgrade.
561 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
562 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
565 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
566 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
567 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
570 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
571 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
573 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
574 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
575 overloading the machine.
578 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
579 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
580 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
581 write access to that file.
584 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
585 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
588 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
590 make: illegal option -- J
591 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
593 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
595 this likely due to an old instance of make in
596 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
597 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
598 you see the above error:
600 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
605 Use bmake by default.
606 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
607 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
608 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
610 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
611 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
612 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
613 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
614 behavior in parallel build.
617 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
620 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
621 the IDEA patent expired.
624 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
625 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
629 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
630 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
631 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
632 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
633 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
634 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
635 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
639 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
640 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
641 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
642 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
646 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
647 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
648 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
649 binaries will not work on older kernels.
652 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
653 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
656 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
657 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
658 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
659 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
662 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
663 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
664 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
665 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
666 in /boot/loader.conf.
669 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
670 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
671 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
672 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
673 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
676 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
677 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
679 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
680 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
683 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
684 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
685 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
686 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
687 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
690 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
691 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
692 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
693 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
694 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
698 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
699 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
700 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
701 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
702 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
703 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
704 use is expected to be extremely rare.
707 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
708 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
709 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
712 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
713 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
714 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
718 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
719 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
720 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
725 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
726 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
727 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
730 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
731 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
732 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
733 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
734 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
735 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
738 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
739 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
740 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
741 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
742 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
743 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
744 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
748 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
749 functionality now turned on by default.
752 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
753 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
754 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
755 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
756 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
757 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
758 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
759 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
760 of the two kernel options.
763 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
764 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
765 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
766 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
769 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
770 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
774 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
775 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
776 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
779 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
780 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
781 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
782 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
783 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
786 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
787 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
788 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
789 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
792 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
795 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
796 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
797 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
801 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
802 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
806 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
807 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
808 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
811 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
812 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
813 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
814 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
815 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
819 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
820 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
823 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
824 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
825 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
826 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
830 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
831 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
832 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
835 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
836 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
837 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
840 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
841 with other variables:
842 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
843 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
846 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
847 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
848 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
849 installed as "bsdsort".
852 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
853 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
854 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
855 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
856 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
857 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
858 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
859 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
860 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
863 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
864 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
865 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
866 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
867 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
868 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
872 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
873 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
874 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
875 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
876 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
877 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
878 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
881 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
885 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
886 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
887 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
888 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
889 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
890 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
893 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
894 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
895 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
896 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
900 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
901 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
902 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
903 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
905 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
906 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
909 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
910 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
911 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
913 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
916 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
917 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
918 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
919 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
920 not supported anymore.
922 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
923 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
924 need to be recompiled.
927 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
931 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
932 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
933 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
937 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
938 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
941 sysinstall has been removed
944 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
945 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
948 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
949 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
950 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
951 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
952 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
953 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
954 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
955 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
956 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
957 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
960 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
961 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
962 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
963 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
966 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
967 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
968 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
969 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
971 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
972 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
973 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
976 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
977 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
978 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
979 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
982 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
984 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
985 The following sysctl is retired:
986 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
987 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
988 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
989 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
990 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
991 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
992 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
993 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
994 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
995 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
999 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
1003 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
1004 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
1005 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
1009 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
1012 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
1013 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
1014 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
1015 drivers need to be recompiled.
1017 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
1018 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
1019 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
1020 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
1024 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
1025 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
1028 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
1029 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
1030 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
1031 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
1032 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
1033 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
1034 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
1035 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
1036 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
1037 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
1038 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
1040 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
1042 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
1043 a diskless root fs use the old client.
1046 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
1047 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
1048 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
1049 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
1050 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
1051 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
1052 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
1053 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
1054 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
1055 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
1056 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
1057 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
1059 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
1060 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
1061 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
1062 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
1063 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
1064 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
1065 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
1066 them are parts of the cam module.
1068 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1069 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1070 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1072 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1073 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1074 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1079 , and instead add back:
1080 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1081 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1082 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1083 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1084 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1087 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1088 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1089 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1090 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1091 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1092 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1095 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1096 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1097 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1100 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1101 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1102 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1103 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1104 in order to use ath on everything else.
1106 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1107 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1110 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1111 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1112 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1115 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1116 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1117 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1118 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1119 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1120 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1123 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1124 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1125 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1126 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1127 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1129 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1130 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1133 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1134 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1135 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1136 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1137 The function remains undocumented.
1140 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1141 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1142 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1143 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1144 systems where the define is not present can check against
1145 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1147 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1148 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1149 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1150 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1151 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1152 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1155 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1156 the following warning:
1157 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1158 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1159 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1160 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1161 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1162 install it on your system.
1164 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1165 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1166 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1167 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1170 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1171 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1172 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1173 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1177 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1178 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1179 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1180 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1181 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1182 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1183 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1184 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1185 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1186 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1187 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1188 it, for example via:
1189 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1191 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1192 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1193 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1194 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1195 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1196 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1197 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1199 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1200 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1203 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1204 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1205 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1206 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1207 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1210 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1211 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1212 migrate local entries to the new format.
1215 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1216 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1220 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1221 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1222 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1223 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1224 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1225 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1228 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1229 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1231 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1232 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1233 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1236 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1237 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1238 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1239 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1240 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1242 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1243 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1244 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1247 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1248 now i386 and amd64 only.
1249 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1250 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1251 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1252 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1253 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1254 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1257 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1258 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1261 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1262 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1263 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1264 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1265 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1266 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1267 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1268 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1269 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1270 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1271 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1274 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1275 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1276 machine powerpc powerpc
1278 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1282 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1283 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1284 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1285 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1286 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1289 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1290 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1291 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1292 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1293 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1296 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1297 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1298 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1299 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1301 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1302 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1303 to unwanted behavior.
1306 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1307 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1308 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1309 be modified accordingly.
1312 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1313 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1314 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1315 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1316 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1317 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1319 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1320 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1321 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1324 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1325 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1326 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1327 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1328 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1331 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1332 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1333 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1336 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1337 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1338 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1339 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1340 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1342 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1343 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1344 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1346 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1352 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1353 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1354 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1355 operation of applications on the console.
1357 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1358 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1359 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1362 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1363 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1364 performed by syscons(4).
1367 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1368 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1369 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1371 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1372 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1376 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1377 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1378 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1379 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1380 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1384 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1385 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1387 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1388 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1389 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1391 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1392 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1394 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1397 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1398 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1400 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1401 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1402 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1404 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1405 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1406 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1407 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1408 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1409 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1410 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1411 using ifconfig(8) like:
1413 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1415 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1418 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1420 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1421 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1422 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1423 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1424 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1427 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1428 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1431 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1432 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1433 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1434 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1435 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1436 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1439 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1440 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1443 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1444 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1445 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1449 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1450 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1451 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1454 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1455 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1458 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1459 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1460 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1463 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1464 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1465 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1468 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1469 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1470 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1471 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1472 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1475 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1476 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1477 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1478 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1479 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1482 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1483 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1484 may need to be adjusted.
1487 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1488 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1489 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1490 with routing sockets.
1493 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1494 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1495 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1498 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1499 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1500 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1504 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1505 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1506 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1509 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1510 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1511 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1512 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1513 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1514 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1515 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1516 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1518 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1519 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1520 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1521 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1522 authentication method is used.
1525 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1526 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1527 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1528 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1529 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1532 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1533 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1536 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1540 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1541 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1544 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1545 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1548 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1549 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1553 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1554 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1556 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1559 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1563 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1564 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1567 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1569 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1572 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1573 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1574 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1575 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1576 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1577 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1580 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1581 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1584 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1586 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1589 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1590 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1593 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1594 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1597 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1598 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1599 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1600 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1601 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1604 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1605 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1606 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1607 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1608 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1609 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1612 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1613 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1614 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1615 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1617 For kernel developers:
1619 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1620 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1621 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1623 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1624 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1625 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1626 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1628 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1629 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1630 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1631 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1632 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1633 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1634 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1635 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1636 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1637 multicast membership on-link.
1638 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1639 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1640 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1642 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1643 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1645 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1646 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1649 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1650 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1651 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1652 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1654 For application developers:
1656 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1659 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1660 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1662 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1663 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1664 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1665 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1667 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1668 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1669 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1670 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1671 Multicast Source Filters'.
1673 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1675 For systems administrators:
1677 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1678 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1679 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1680 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1681 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1683 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1684 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1686 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1687 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1688 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1689 recommended for optimal system performance.
1691 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1692 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1693 back forwarded datagrams.
1695 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1698 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1699 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1702 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1703 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1704 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1705 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1708 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1709 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1710 state will require a world rebuild.
1711 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1714 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1715 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1716 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1719 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1720 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1721 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1722 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1724 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1727 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1728 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1729 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1730 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1731 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1732 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1733 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1734 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1737 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1738 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1739 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1742 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1743 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1744 introduces some changes:
1746 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1747 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1748 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1750 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1751 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1752 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1753 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1755 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1756 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1757 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1760 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1763 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1764 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1765 (supported by sane).
1768 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1769 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1770 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1771 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1772 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1775 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1776 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1777 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1778 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1782 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1783 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1784 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1785 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1788 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1789 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1792 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1793 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1795 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1796 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1797 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1799 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1800 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1801 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1802 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1803 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1804 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1805 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1806 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1808 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1809 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1810 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1811 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1812 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1813 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1815 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1816 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1817 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1818 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1819 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1821 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1822 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1823 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1826 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1827 recompiled to reflect this.
1828 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1831 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1832 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1833 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1834 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1835 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1836 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1839 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1840 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1841 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1842 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1843 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1844 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1847 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1848 network device driver modules.
1851 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1852 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1855 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1856 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1857 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1858 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1859 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1863 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1864 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1865 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1869 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1870 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1872 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1873 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1874 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1877 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1878 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1879 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1880 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1881 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1882 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1884 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1885 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1887 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1888 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1891 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1892 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1893 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1896 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1897 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1898 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1899 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1903 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1904 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1907 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1908 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1909 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1910 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1911 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1912 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1915 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1916 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1917 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1918 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1921 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1922 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1923 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1924 in next mpd5.3 release.
1927 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1928 the base system (it was a port).
1931 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1932 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1935 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1936 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1937 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1938 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1939 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1940 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1941 none of the L2 information.
1944 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1945 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1947 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1949 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1953 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1954 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1955 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1956 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1959 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1960 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1961 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1962 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1963 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1967 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1968 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1969 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1970 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1973 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1976 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1977 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1978 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1979 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1980 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1986 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1987 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1991 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1992 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1993 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1994 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1995 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1996 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1997 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
2000 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
2001 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
2002 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
2003 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
2004 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
2007 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
2013 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
2015 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
2016 cause compilation to fail.
2019 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
2022 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
2024 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
2025 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
2026 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
2027 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
2028 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
2029 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
2030 accepting the RSA key.
2032 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
2033 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
2036 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
2037 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
2038 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
2042 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
2043 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
2044 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
2046 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
2047 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
2048 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
2049 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
2050 use the new device names.
2052 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
2053 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
2054 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
2055 at the loader prompt:
2057 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
2058 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
2059 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
2060 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
2064 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2068 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2069 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2070 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2071 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2074 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2075 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2078 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2079 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2080 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2081 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2082 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2085 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2086 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2087 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2088 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2089 For example, change:
2090 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2093 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2094 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2095 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2096 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2098 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2099 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2100 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2103 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2104 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2105 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2106 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2107 other operation levels.
2110 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2111 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2112 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2113 compatibility with any prior release:
2115 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2116 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2117 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2120 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2121 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2122 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2123 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2124 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2128 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2129 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2130 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2131 with older hardware easier to do.
2134 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2135 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2138 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2139 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2140 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2144 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2148 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2149 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2150 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2151 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2152 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2153 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2154 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2155 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2156 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2157 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2158 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2159 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2162 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2163 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2164 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2167 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2168 functionality is the default now.
2171 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2172 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2173 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2174 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2175 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2177 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2178 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2179 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2182 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2183 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2184 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2185 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2186 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2187 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2188 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2189 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2190 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2191 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2195 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2196 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2197 used kproc_start()..
2198 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2199 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2200 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2209 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2210 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2211 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2212 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2213 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2214 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2215 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2217 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2218 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2219 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2220 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2221 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2223 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2224 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2225 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2226 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2227 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2229 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2230 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2231 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2232 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2236 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2239 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2240 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2242 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2244 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2245 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2246 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2248 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2252 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2253 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2254 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2256 make kernel-toolchain
2257 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2258 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2260 To test a kernel once
2261 ---------------------
2262 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2263 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2264 debugging information) run
2265 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2266 nextboot -k testkernel
2268 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2269 --------------------------------------------------------------
2270 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2271 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2272 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2274 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2275 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2276 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2281 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2283 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2284 -----------------------------------------------------------
2285 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2286 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2288 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2290 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2292 <reboot in single user> [3]
2299 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2300 --------------------------------------------------
2301 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2302 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2303 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2306 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2309 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2310 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2311 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2312 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2313 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2314 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2315 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2316 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2317 <reboot into current>
2318 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2319 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2323 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2324 ----------------------------------------------
2325 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2327 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2329 <reboot in single user> [3]
2336 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2337 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2338 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2339 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2340 the UPDATING entries.
2342 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2343 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2344 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2345 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2346 much fewer pitfalls.
2348 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2349 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2352 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2357 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2358 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2359 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2361 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2362 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2363 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2364 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2365 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2366 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2367 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2369 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2370 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2371 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2372 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2373 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2374 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2376 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2377 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2378 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2380 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2381 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2382 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2383 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2384 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2385 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2387 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2388 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2390 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2391 cvs prune empty directories.
2393 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2394 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2395 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2397 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2398 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2399 warn if it is improperly defined.
2402 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2403 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2404 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2405 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2406 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2408 Copyright information:
2410 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2412 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2413 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2414 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2416 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2417 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2418 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2419 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2420 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2421 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2422 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2423 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2424 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2425 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2426 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2428 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of