1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20160114 p27 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
21 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
23 20160114 p26 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
24 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
27 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
28 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
30 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
32 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
33 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
34 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
35 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
36 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
37 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
38 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
39 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
41 20151205 p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
43 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26]
45 20151104 p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
46 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
49 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
50 clock in 10.1-RELEASE-p23. [SA-15:25.ntp]
52 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
54 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
55 memory address. [EN-15:20]
57 20151026: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
59 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
61 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
62 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
63 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
64 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
66 20151002: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
67 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
69 20150929: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
71 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
73 20150916: p20 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
75 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
77 20150825: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
78 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
79 FreeBSD-EN-15:14.ixgbe
82 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
84 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
86 Disabled ixgbe(4) flow-director support. [EN-15:14]
88 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
91 20150818: p18 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
93 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
96 20150805: p17 FreeBSD-SA-15:18.bsdpatch
97 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
99 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability via ed(1).
102 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:19]
104 20150728: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:14.bsdpatch
106 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
108 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability. [SA-15:14]
110 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
112 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
114 20150721: p15 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
116 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
119 20150630: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
120 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
121 FreeBSD-EN-15:10.iconv
123 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
125 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
128 Improved iconv(3) UTF-7 support. [EN-15:10]
130 20150618: p13 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
131 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
133 20150612: p12 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
134 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
136 20150609: p11 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
139 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
140 of service issues. [EN-15:06]
142 Improved reliability of ZFS when TRIM/UNMAP and/or L2ARC is used.
145 20150513: p10 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
148 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
149 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
151 Fix deadlock on reboot with UFS tuned with SU+J. [EN-15:05]
153 20150407: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
155 FreeBSD-SA-15:08.bsdinstall
156 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
158 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
160 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
162 Fix bsdinstall(8) insecure default GELI keyfile permissions. [SA-15:08]
164 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
167 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
169 20150319: p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
170 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
172 20150225: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
174 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
175 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
177 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
179 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
181 Updated base system OpenSSL to 1.0.1l. [EN-15:02]
183 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
185 20150127: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
186 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
188 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
189 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
191 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
193 20150114: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
194 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
196 20141223: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
197 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
199 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
200 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
202 20141217: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:30.unbound
203 Fix unbound remote denial of service vulnerability.
205 20141210: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:27.stdio
206 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
208 Fix buffer overflow in stdio. [SA-14:27]
210 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
214 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
215 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
216 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
217 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
221 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
222 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
223 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
224 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
225 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
226 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
227 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
230 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
231 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
232 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
235 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
236 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
237 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
238 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
239 be removed during a clean upgrade.
242 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
243 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
244 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
247 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
248 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
249 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
252 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
253 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
254 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
255 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
256 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
260 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
261 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
262 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
263 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
264 to do the right thing.
267 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
268 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
269 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
272 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
273 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
274 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
277 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
278 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
279 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
280 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
281 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
284 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
287 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
290 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
291 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
292 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
293 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
294 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
295 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
298 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
299 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
300 kernel is still highly recommended.
303 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
304 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
305 capability mode support in kernel.
308 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
309 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
310 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
311 the nfe(4) driver instead.
317 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
318 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
319 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
320 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
321 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
322 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
323 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
324 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
325 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
328 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
329 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
330 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
331 should change your settings to use the latter.
334 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
335 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
336 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
337 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
338 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
341 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
342 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
343 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
345 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
347 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
350 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
351 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
352 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
353 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
354 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
355 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
357 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
358 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
359 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
360 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
361 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
362 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
364 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
365 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
369 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
370 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
371 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
372 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
374 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
375 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
376 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
377 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
380 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
381 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
382 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
385 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
386 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
387 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
388 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
391 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
392 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
393 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
397 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
398 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
399 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
403 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
404 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
405 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
406 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
407 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
408 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
411 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
412 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
413 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
416 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
417 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
418 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
421 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
422 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
423 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
424 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
425 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
426 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
429 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
430 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
431 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
433 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
434 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
435 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
436 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
437 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
440 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
441 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
442 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
443 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
447 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
448 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
449 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
452 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
454 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
455 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
456 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
457 old as well as the new version of find.
460 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
461 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
462 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
463 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
464 subdirectories must be reviewed.
467 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
468 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
469 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
471 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
473 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
474 users are advised to upgrade.
477 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
478 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
481 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
482 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
483 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
486 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
487 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
489 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
490 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
491 overloading the machine.
494 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
495 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
496 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
497 write access to that file.
500 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
501 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
504 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
506 make: illegal option -- J
507 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
509 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
511 this likely due to an old instance of make in
512 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
513 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
514 you see the above error:
516 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
521 Use bmake by default.
522 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
523 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
524 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
526 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
527 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
528 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
529 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
530 behavior in parallel build.
533 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
536 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
537 the IDEA patent expired.
540 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
541 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
545 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
546 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
547 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
548 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
549 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
550 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
551 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
555 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
556 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
557 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
558 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
562 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
563 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
564 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
565 binaries will not work on older kernels.
568 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
569 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
572 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
573 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
574 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
575 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
578 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
579 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
580 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
581 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
582 in /boot/loader.conf.
585 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
586 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
587 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
588 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
589 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
592 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
593 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
595 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
596 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
599 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
600 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
601 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
602 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
603 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
606 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
607 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
608 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
609 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
610 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
614 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
615 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
616 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
617 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
618 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
619 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
620 use is expected to be extremely rare.
623 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
624 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
625 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
628 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
629 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
630 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
634 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
635 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
636 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
641 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
642 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
643 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
646 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
647 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
648 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
649 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
650 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
651 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
654 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
655 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
656 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
657 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
658 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
659 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
660 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
664 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
665 functionality now turned on by default.
668 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
669 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
670 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
671 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
672 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
673 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
674 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
675 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
676 of the two kernel options.
679 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
680 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
681 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
682 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
685 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
686 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
690 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
691 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
692 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
695 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
696 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
697 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
698 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
699 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
702 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
703 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
704 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
705 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
708 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
711 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
712 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
713 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
717 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
718 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
722 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
723 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
724 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
727 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
728 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
729 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
730 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
731 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
735 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
736 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
739 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
740 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
741 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
742 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
746 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
747 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
748 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
751 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
752 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
753 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
756 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
757 with other variables:
758 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
759 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
762 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
763 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
764 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
765 installed as "bsdsort".
768 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
769 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
770 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
771 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
772 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
773 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
774 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
775 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
776 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
779 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
780 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
781 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
782 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
783 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
784 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
788 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
789 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
790 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
791 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
792 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
793 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
794 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
797 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
801 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
802 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
803 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
804 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
805 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
806 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
809 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
810 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
811 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
812 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
816 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
817 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
818 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
819 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
821 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
822 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
825 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
826 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
827 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
829 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
832 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
833 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
834 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
835 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
836 not supported anymore.
838 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
839 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
840 need to be recompiled.
843 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
847 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
848 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
849 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
853 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
854 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
857 sysinstall has been removed
860 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
861 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
864 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
865 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
866 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
867 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
868 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
869 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
870 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
871 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
872 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
873 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
876 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
877 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
878 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
879 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
882 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
883 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
884 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
885 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
887 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
888 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
889 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
892 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
893 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
894 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
895 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
898 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
900 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
901 The following sysctl is retired:
902 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
903 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
904 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
905 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
906 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
907 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
908 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
909 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
910 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
911 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
915 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
919 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
920 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
921 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
925 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
928 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
929 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
930 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
931 drivers need to be recompiled.
933 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
934 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
935 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
936 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
940 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
941 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
944 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
945 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
946 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
947 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
948 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
949 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
950 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
951 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
952 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
953 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
954 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
956 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
958 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
959 a diskless root fs use the old client.
962 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
963 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
964 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
965 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
966 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
967 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
968 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
969 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
970 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
971 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
972 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
973 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
975 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
976 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
977 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
978 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
979 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
980 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
981 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
982 them are parts of the cam module.
984 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
985 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
986 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
988 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
989 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
990 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
995 , and instead add back:
996 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
997 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
998 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
999 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1000 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1003 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1004 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1005 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1006 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1007 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1008 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1011 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1012 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1013 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1016 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1017 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1018 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1019 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1020 in order to use ath on everything else.
1022 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1023 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1026 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1027 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1028 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1031 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1032 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1033 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1034 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1035 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1036 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1039 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1040 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1041 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1042 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1043 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1045 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1046 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1049 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1050 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1051 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1052 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1053 The function remains undocumented.
1056 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1057 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1058 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1059 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1060 systems where the define is not present can check against
1061 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1063 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1064 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1065 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1066 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1067 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1068 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1071 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1072 the following warning:
1073 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1074 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1075 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1076 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1077 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1078 install it on your system.
1080 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1081 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1082 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1083 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1086 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1087 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1088 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1089 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1093 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1094 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1095 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1096 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1097 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1098 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1099 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1100 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1101 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1102 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1103 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1104 it, for example via:
1105 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1107 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1108 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1109 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1110 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1111 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1112 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1113 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1115 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1116 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1119 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1120 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1121 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1122 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1123 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1126 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1127 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1128 migrate local entries to the new format.
1131 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1132 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1136 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1137 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1138 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1139 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1140 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1141 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1144 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1145 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1147 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1148 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1149 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1152 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1153 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1154 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1155 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1156 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1158 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1159 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1160 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1163 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1164 now i386 and amd64 only.
1165 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1166 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1167 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1168 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1169 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1170 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1173 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1174 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1177 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1178 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1179 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1180 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1181 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1182 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1183 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1184 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1185 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1186 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1187 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1190 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1191 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1192 machine powerpc powerpc
1194 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1198 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1199 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1200 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1201 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1202 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1205 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1206 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1207 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1208 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1209 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1212 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1213 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1214 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1215 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1217 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1218 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1219 to unwanted behavior.
1222 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1223 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1224 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1225 be modified accordingly.
1228 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1229 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1230 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1231 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1232 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1233 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1235 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1236 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1237 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1240 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1241 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1242 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1243 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1244 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1247 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1248 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1249 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1252 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1253 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1254 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1255 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1256 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1258 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1259 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1260 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1262 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1268 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1269 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1270 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1271 operation of applications on the console.
1273 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1274 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1275 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1278 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1279 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1280 performed by syscons(4).
1283 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1284 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1285 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1287 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1288 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1292 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1293 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1294 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1295 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1296 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1300 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1301 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1303 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1304 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1305 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1307 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1308 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1310 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1313 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1314 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1316 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1317 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1318 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1320 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1321 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1322 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1323 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1324 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1325 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1326 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1327 using ifconfig(8) like:
1329 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1331 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1334 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1336 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1337 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1338 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1339 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1340 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1343 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1344 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1347 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1348 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1349 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1350 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1351 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1352 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1355 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1356 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1359 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1360 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1361 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1365 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1366 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1367 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1370 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1371 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1374 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1375 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1376 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1379 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1380 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1381 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1384 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1385 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1386 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1387 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1388 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1391 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1392 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1393 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1394 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1395 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1398 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1399 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1400 may need to be adjusted.
1403 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1404 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1405 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1406 with routing sockets.
1409 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1410 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1411 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1414 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1415 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1416 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1420 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1421 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1422 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1425 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1426 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1427 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1428 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1429 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1430 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1431 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1432 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1434 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1435 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1436 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1437 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1438 authentication method is used.
1441 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1442 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1443 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1444 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1445 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1448 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1449 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1452 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1456 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1457 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1460 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1461 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1464 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1465 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1469 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1470 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1472 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1475 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1479 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1480 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1483 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1485 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1488 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1489 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1490 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1491 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1492 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1493 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1496 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1497 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1500 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1502 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1505 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1506 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1509 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1510 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1513 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1514 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1515 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1516 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1517 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1520 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1521 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1522 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1523 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1524 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1525 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1528 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1529 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1530 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1531 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1533 For kernel developers:
1535 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1536 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1537 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1539 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1540 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1541 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1542 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1544 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1545 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1546 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1547 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1548 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1549 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1550 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1551 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1552 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1553 multicast membership on-link.
1554 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1555 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1556 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1558 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1559 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1561 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1562 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1565 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1566 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1567 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1568 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1570 For application developers:
1572 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1575 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1576 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1578 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1579 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1580 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1581 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1583 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1584 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1585 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1586 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1587 Multicast Source Filters'.
1589 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1591 For systems administrators:
1593 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1594 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1595 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1596 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1597 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1599 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1600 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1602 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1603 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1604 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1605 recommended for optimal system performance.
1607 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1608 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1609 back forwarded datagrams.
1611 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1614 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1615 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1618 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1619 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1620 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1621 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1624 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1625 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1626 state will require a world rebuild.
1627 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1630 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1631 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1632 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1635 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1636 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1637 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1638 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1640 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1643 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1644 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1645 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1646 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1647 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1648 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1649 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1650 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1653 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1654 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1655 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1658 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1659 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1660 introduces some changes:
1662 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1663 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1664 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1666 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1667 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1668 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1669 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1671 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1672 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1673 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1676 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1679 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1680 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1681 (supported by sane).
1684 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1685 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1686 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1687 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1688 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1691 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1692 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1693 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1694 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1698 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1699 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1700 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1701 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1704 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1705 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1708 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1709 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1711 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1712 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1713 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1715 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1716 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1717 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1718 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1719 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1720 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1721 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1722 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1724 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1725 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1726 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1727 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1728 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1729 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1731 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1732 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1733 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1734 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1735 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1737 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1738 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1739 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1742 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1743 recompiled to reflect this.
1744 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1747 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1748 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1749 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1750 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1751 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1752 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1755 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1756 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1757 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1758 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1759 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1760 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1763 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1764 network device driver modules.
1767 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1768 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1771 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1772 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1773 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1774 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1775 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1779 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1780 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1781 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1785 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1786 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1788 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1789 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1790 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1793 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1794 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1795 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1796 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1797 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1798 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1800 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1801 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1803 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1804 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1807 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1808 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1809 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1812 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1813 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1814 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1815 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1819 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1820 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1823 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1824 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1825 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1826 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1827 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1828 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1831 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1832 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1833 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1834 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1837 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1838 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1839 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1840 in next mpd5.3 release.
1843 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1844 the base system (it was a port).
1847 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1848 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1851 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1852 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1853 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1854 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1855 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1856 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1857 none of the L2 information.
1860 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1861 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1863 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1865 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1869 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1870 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1871 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1872 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1875 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1876 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1877 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1878 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1879 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1883 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1884 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1885 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1886 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1889 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1892 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1893 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1894 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1895 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1896 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1902 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1903 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1907 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1908 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1909 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1910 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1911 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1912 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1913 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1916 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1917 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1918 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1919 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1920 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1923 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1929 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1931 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1932 cause compilation to fail.
1935 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1938 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1940 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1941 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1942 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1943 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1944 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1945 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1946 accepting the RSA key.
1948 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1949 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1952 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1953 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
1954 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1958 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1959 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1960 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1962 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1963 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1964 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1965 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1966 use the new device names.
1968 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1969 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1970 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1971 at the loader prompt:
1973 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1974 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1975 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1976 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1980 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
1984 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
1985 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
1986 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
1987 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
1990 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
1991 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
1994 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
1995 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
1996 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
1997 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
1998 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2001 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2002 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2003 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2004 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2005 For example, change:
2006 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2009 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2010 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2011 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2012 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2014 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2015 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2016 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2019 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2020 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2021 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2022 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2023 other operation levels.
2026 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2027 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2028 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2029 compatibility with any prior release:
2031 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2032 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2033 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2036 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2037 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2038 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2039 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2040 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2044 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2045 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2046 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2047 with older hardware easier to do.
2050 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2051 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2054 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2055 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2056 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2060 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2064 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2065 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2066 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2067 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2068 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2069 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2070 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2071 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2072 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2073 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2074 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2075 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2078 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2079 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2080 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2083 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2084 functionality is the default now.
2087 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2088 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2089 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2090 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2091 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2093 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2094 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2095 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2098 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2099 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2100 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2101 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2102 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2103 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2104 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2105 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2106 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2107 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2111 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2112 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2113 used kproc_start()..
2114 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2115 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2116 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2125 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2126 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2127 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2128 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2129 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2130 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2131 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2133 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2134 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2135 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2136 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2137 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2139 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2140 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2141 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2142 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2143 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2145 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2146 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2147 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2148 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2152 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2155 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2156 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2158 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2160 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2161 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2162 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2164 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2168 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2169 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2170 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2172 make kernel-toolchain
2173 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2174 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2176 To test a kernel once
2177 ---------------------
2178 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2179 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2180 debugging information) run
2181 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2182 nextboot -k testkernel
2184 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2185 --------------------------------------------------------------
2186 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2187 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2188 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2190 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2191 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2192 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2197 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2199 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2200 -----------------------------------------------------------
2201 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2202 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2204 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2206 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2208 <reboot in single user> [3]
2215 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2216 --------------------------------------------------
2217 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2218 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2219 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2222 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2225 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2226 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2227 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2228 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2229 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2230 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2231 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2232 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2233 <reboot into current>
2234 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2235 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2239 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2240 ----------------------------------------------
2241 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2243 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2245 <reboot in single user> [3]
2252 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2253 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2254 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2255 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2256 the UPDATING entries.
2258 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2259 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2260 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2261 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2262 much fewer pitfalls.
2264 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2265 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2268 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2273 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2274 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2275 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2277 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2278 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2279 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2280 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2281 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2282 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2283 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2285 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2286 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2287 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2288 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2289 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2290 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2292 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2293 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2294 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2296 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2297 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2298 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2299 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2300 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2301 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2303 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2304 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2306 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2307 cvs prune empty directories.
2309 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2310 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2311 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2313 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2314 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2315 warn if it is improperly defined.
2318 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2319 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2320 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2321 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2322 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2324 Copyright information:
2326 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2328 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2329 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2330 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2332 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2333 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2334 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2335 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2336 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2337 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2338 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2339 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2340 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2341 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2342 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2344 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of