1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20161206 p43 FreeBSD-SA-16:36.telnetd
21 FreeBSD-SA-16:38.bhyve
22 FreeBSD-EN-16:19.tzcode
23 FreeBSD-EN-16:20.tzdata
25 Fix possible login(1) argument injection in telnetd(8). [SA-16:36]
26 Fix link_ntoa(3) buffer overflow in libc. [SA-16:37]
27 Fix possible escape from bhyve(8) virtual machine. [SA-16:38]
28 Fix warnings about valid time zone abbreviations. [EN-16:19]
29 Update timezone database information. [EN-16:20]
31 20161102 p42 FreeBSD-SA-16:35.openssl
33 Fix OpenSSL remote DoS vulnerability. [SA-16:35]
35 20161025 p41 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch [revised]
37 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
39 20161010 p40 FreeBSD-SA-16:29.bspatch
40 FreeBSD-SA-16:30.portsnap
41 FreeBSD-SA-16:31.libarchive
43 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:29]
45 Fix multiple portsnap vulnerabilities. [SA-16:30]
47 Fix multiple libarchive vulnerabilities. [SA-16:31]
49 20160926 p39 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl [revised]
51 Fix OpenSSL regression introduced in SA-16:26.
53 20160923 p38 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl
55 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites.
57 20160725 p37 FreeBSD-SA-16:25.bspatch
58 FreeBSD-EN-16:09.freebsd-update
60 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:25]
62 Fix freebsd-update(8) support of FreeBSD 11.0 release
63 distribution. [EN-16:09]
65 20160604 p36 FreeBSD-SA-16:24.ntp
67 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
69 20160531 p35 FreeBSD-SA-16:20.linux
70 FreeBSD-SA-16:21.43bsd
71 FreeBSD-SA-16:22.libarchive
73 Fix kernel stack disclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:20]
74 Fix kernel stack disclosure in 4.3BSD compatibility layer. [SA-16:21]
75 Fix directory traversal in cpio(1). [SA-16:22]
77 20160517 p34 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
78 FreeBSD-SA-16:19.sendmsg
80 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
82 Fix incorrect argument handling in sendmsg(2). [SA-16:19]
84 20160504 p33 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
87 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
89 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
91 20160429 p32 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
93 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
95 20160316 p31 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
96 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
97 FreeBSD-EN-16:04.hyperv
99 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
100 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
101 Fix Hyper-V KVP (Key-Value Pair) daemon indefinite sleep. [EN-16:04]
103 20160303 p30 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
105 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
107 20160130 p29 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
109 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
111 20160127 p28 FreeBSD-SA-16:09.ntp
112 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
114 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
116 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
117 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
119 20160114 p27 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
121 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
123 20160114 p26 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
124 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
125 FreeBSD-SA-16:01.sctp
127 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
128 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
130 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
132 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
133 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
134 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
135 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
136 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
137 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
138 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
139 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
141 20151205 p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
143 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26]
145 20151104 p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
146 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
149 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
150 clock in 10.1-RELEASE-p23. [SA-15:25.ntp]
152 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
154 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
155 memory address. [EN-15:20]
157 20151026: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
159 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
161 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
162 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
163 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
164 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
166 20151002: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
167 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
169 20150929: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
171 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
173 20150916: p20 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
175 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
177 20150825: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
178 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
179 FreeBSD-EN-15:14.ixgbe
182 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
184 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
186 Disabled ixgbe(4) flow-director support. [EN-15:14]
188 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
191 20150818: p18 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
193 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
196 20150805: p17 FreeBSD-SA-15:18.bsdpatch
197 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
199 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability via ed(1).
202 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:19]
204 20150728: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:14.bsdpatch
206 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
208 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability. [SA-15:14]
210 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
212 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
214 20150721: p15 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
216 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
219 20150630: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
220 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
221 FreeBSD-EN-15:10.iconv
223 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
225 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
228 Improved iconv(3) UTF-7 support. [EN-15:10]
230 20150618: p13 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
231 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
233 20150612: p12 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
234 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
236 20150609: p11 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
239 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
240 of service issues. [EN-15:06]
242 Improved reliability of ZFS when TRIM/UNMAP and/or L2ARC is used.
245 20150513: p10 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
248 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
249 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
251 Fix deadlock on reboot with UFS tuned with SU+J. [EN-15:05]
253 20150407: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
255 FreeBSD-SA-15:08.bsdinstall
256 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
258 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
260 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
262 Fix bsdinstall(8) insecure default GELI keyfile permissions. [SA-15:08]
264 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
267 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
269 20150319: p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
270 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
272 20150225: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
274 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
275 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
277 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
279 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
281 Updated base system OpenSSL to 1.0.1l. [EN-15:02]
283 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
285 20150127: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
286 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
288 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
289 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
291 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
293 20150114: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
294 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
296 20141223: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
297 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
299 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
300 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
302 20141217: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:30.unbound
303 Fix unbound remote denial of service vulnerability.
305 20141210: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:27.stdio
306 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
308 Fix buffer overflow in stdio. [SA-14:27]
310 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
314 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
315 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
316 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
317 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
321 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
322 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
323 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
324 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
325 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
326 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
327 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
330 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
331 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
332 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
335 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
336 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
337 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
338 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
339 be removed during a clean upgrade.
342 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
343 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
344 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
347 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
348 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
349 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
352 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
353 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
354 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
355 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
356 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
360 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
361 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
362 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
363 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
364 to do the right thing.
367 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
368 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
369 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
372 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
373 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
374 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
377 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
378 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
379 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
380 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
381 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
384 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
387 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
390 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
391 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
392 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
393 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
394 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
395 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
398 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
399 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
400 kernel is still highly recommended.
403 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
404 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
405 capability mode support in kernel.
408 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
409 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
410 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
411 the nfe(4) driver instead.
417 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
418 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
419 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
420 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
421 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
422 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
423 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
424 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
425 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
428 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
429 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
430 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
431 should change your settings to use the latter.
434 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
435 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
436 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
437 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
438 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
441 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
442 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
443 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
445 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
447 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
450 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
451 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
452 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
453 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
454 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
455 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
457 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
458 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
459 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
460 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
461 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
462 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
464 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
465 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
469 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
470 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
471 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
472 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
474 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
475 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
476 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
477 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
480 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
481 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
482 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
485 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
486 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
487 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
488 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
491 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
492 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
493 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
497 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
498 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
499 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
503 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
504 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
505 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
506 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
507 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
508 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
511 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
512 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
513 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
516 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
517 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
518 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
521 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
522 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
523 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
524 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
525 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
526 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
529 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
530 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
531 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
533 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
534 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
535 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
536 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
537 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
540 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
541 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
542 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
543 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
547 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
548 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
549 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
552 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
554 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
555 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
556 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
557 old as well as the new version of find.
560 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
561 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
562 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
563 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
564 subdirectories must be reviewed.
567 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
568 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
569 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
571 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
573 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
574 users are advised to upgrade.
577 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
578 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
581 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
582 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
583 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
586 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
587 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
589 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
590 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
591 overloading the machine.
594 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
595 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
596 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
597 write access to that file.
600 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
601 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
604 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
606 make: illegal option -- J
607 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
609 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
611 this likely due to an old instance of make in
612 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
613 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
614 you see the above error:
616 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
621 Use bmake by default.
622 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
623 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
624 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
626 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
627 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
628 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
629 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
630 behavior in parallel build.
633 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
636 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
637 the IDEA patent expired.
640 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
641 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
645 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
646 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
647 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
648 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
649 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
650 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
651 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
655 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
656 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
657 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
658 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
662 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
663 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
664 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
665 binaries will not work on older kernels.
668 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
669 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
672 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
673 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
674 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
675 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
678 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
679 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
680 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
681 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
682 in /boot/loader.conf.
685 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
686 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
687 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
688 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
689 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
692 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
693 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
695 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
696 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
699 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
700 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
701 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
702 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
703 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
706 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
707 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
708 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
709 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
710 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
714 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
715 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
716 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
717 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
718 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
719 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
720 use is expected to be extremely rare.
723 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
724 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
725 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
728 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
729 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
730 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
734 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
735 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
736 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
741 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
742 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
743 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
746 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
747 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
748 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
749 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
750 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
751 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
754 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
755 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
756 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
757 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
758 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
759 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
760 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
764 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
765 functionality now turned on by default.
768 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
769 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
770 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
771 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
772 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
773 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
774 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
775 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
776 of the two kernel options.
779 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
780 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
781 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
782 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
785 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
786 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
790 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
791 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
792 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
795 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
796 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
797 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
798 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
799 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
802 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
803 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
804 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
805 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
808 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
811 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
812 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
813 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
817 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
818 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
822 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
823 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
824 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
827 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
828 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
829 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
830 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
831 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
835 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
836 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
839 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
840 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
841 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
842 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
846 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
847 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
848 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
851 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
852 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
853 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
856 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
857 with other variables:
858 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
859 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
862 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
863 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
864 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
865 installed as "bsdsort".
868 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
869 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
870 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
871 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
872 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
873 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
874 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
875 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
876 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
879 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
880 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
881 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
882 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
883 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
884 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
888 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
889 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
890 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
891 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
892 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
893 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
894 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
897 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
901 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
902 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
903 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
904 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
905 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
906 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
909 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
910 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
911 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
912 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
916 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
917 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
918 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
919 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
921 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
922 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
925 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
926 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
927 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
929 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
932 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
933 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
934 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
935 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
936 not supported anymore.
938 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
939 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
940 need to be recompiled.
943 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
947 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
948 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
949 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
953 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
954 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
957 sysinstall has been removed
960 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
961 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
964 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
965 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
966 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
967 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
968 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
969 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
970 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
971 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
972 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
973 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
976 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
977 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
978 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
979 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
982 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
983 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
984 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
985 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
987 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
988 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
989 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
992 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
993 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
994 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
995 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
998 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
1000 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
1001 The following sysctl is retired:
1002 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
1003 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
1004 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
1005 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
1006 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
1007 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
1008 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
1009 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
1010 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
1011 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
1012 a default scheduler.
1015 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
1019 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
1020 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
1021 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
1025 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
1028 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
1029 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
1030 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
1031 drivers need to be recompiled.
1033 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
1034 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
1035 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
1036 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
1040 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
1041 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
1044 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
1045 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
1046 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
1047 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
1048 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
1049 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
1050 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
1051 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
1052 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
1053 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
1054 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
1056 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
1058 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
1059 a diskless root fs use the old client.
1062 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
1063 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
1064 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
1065 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
1066 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
1067 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
1068 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
1069 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
1070 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
1071 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
1072 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
1073 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
1075 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
1076 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
1077 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
1078 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
1079 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
1080 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
1081 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
1082 them are parts of the cam module.
1084 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1085 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1086 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1088 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1089 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1090 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1095 , and instead add back:
1096 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1097 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1098 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1099 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1100 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1103 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1104 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1105 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1106 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1107 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1108 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1111 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1112 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1113 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1116 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1117 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1118 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1119 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1120 in order to use ath on everything else.
1122 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1123 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1126 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1127 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1128 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1131 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1132 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1133 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1134 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1135 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1136 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1139 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1140 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1141 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1142 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1143 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1145 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1146 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1149 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1150 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1151 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1152 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1153 The function remains undocumented.
1156 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1157 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1158 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1159 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1160 systems where the define is not present can check against
1161 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1163 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1164 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1165 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1166 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1167 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1168 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1171 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1172 the following warning:
1173 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1174 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1175 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1176 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1177 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1178 install it on your system.
1180 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1181 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1182 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1183 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1186 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1187 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1188 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1189 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1193 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1194 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1195 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1196 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1197 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1198 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1199 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1200 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1201 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1202 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1203 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1204 it, for example via:
1205 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1207 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1208 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1209 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1210 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1211 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1212 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1213 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1215 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1216 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1219 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1220 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1221 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1222 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1223 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1226 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1227 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1228 migrate local entries to the new format.
1231 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1232 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1236 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1237 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1238 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1239 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1240 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1241 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1244 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1245 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1247 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1248 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1249 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1252 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1253 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1254 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1255 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1256 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1258 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1259 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1260 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1263 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1264 now i386 and amd64 only.
1265 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1266 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1267 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1268 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1269 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1270 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1273 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1274 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1277 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1278 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1279 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1280 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1281 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1282 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1283 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1284 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1285 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1286 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1287 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1290 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1291 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1292 machine powerpc powerpc
1294 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1298 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1299 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1300 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1301 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1302 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1305 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1306 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1307 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1308 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1309 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1312 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1313 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1314 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1315 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1317 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1318 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1319 to unwanted behavior.
1322 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1323 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1324 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1325 be modified accordingly.
1328 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1329 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1330 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1331 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1332 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1333 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1335 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1336 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1337 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1340 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1341 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1342 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1343 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1344 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1347 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1348 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1349 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1352 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1353 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1354 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1355 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1356 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1358 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1359 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1360 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1362 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1368 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1369 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1370 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1371 operation of applications on the console.
1373 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1374 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1375 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1378 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1379 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1380 performed by syscons(4).
1383 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1384 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1385 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1387 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1388 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1392 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1393 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1394 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1395 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1396 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1400 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1401 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1403 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1404 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1405 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1407 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1408 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1410 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1413 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1414 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1416 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1417 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1418 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1420 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1421 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1422 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1423 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1424 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1425 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1426 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1427 using ifconfig(8) like:
1429 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1431 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1434 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1436 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1437 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1438 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1439 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1440 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1443 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1444 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1447 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1448 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1449 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1450 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1451 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1452 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1455 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1456 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1459 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1460 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1461 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1465 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1466 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1467 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1470 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1471 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1474 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1475 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1476 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1479 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1480 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1481 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1484 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1485 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1486 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1487 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1488 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1491 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1492 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1493 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1494 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1495 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1498 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1499 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1500 may need to be adjusted.
1503 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1504 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1505 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1506 with routing sockets.
1509 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1510 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1511 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1514 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1515 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1516 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1520 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1521 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1522 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1525 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1526 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1527 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1528 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1529 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1530 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1531 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1532 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1534 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1535 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1536 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1537 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1538 authentication method is used.
1541 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1542 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1543 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1544 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1545 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1548 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1549 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1552 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1556 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1557 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1560 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1561 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1564 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1565 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1569 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1570 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1572 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1575 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1579 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1580 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1583 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1585 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1588 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1589 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1590 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1591 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1592 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1593 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1596 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1597 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1600 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1602 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1605 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1606 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1609 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1610 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1613 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1614 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1615 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1616 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1617 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1620 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1621 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1622 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1623 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1624 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1625 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1628 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1629 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1630 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1631 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1633 For kernel developers:
1635 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1636 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1637 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1639 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1640 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1641 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1642 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1644 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1645 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1646 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1647 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1648 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1649 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1650 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1651 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1652 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1653 multicast membership on-link.
1654 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1655 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1656 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1658 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1659 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1661 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1662 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1665 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1666 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1667 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1668 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1670 For application developers:
1672 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1675 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1676 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1678 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1679 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1680 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1681 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1683 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1684 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1685 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1686 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1687 Multicast Source Filters'.
1689 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1691 For systems administrators:
1693 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1694 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1695 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1696 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1697 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1699 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1700 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1702 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1703 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1704 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1705 recommended for optimal system performance.
1707 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1708 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1709 back forwarded datagrams.
1711 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1714 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1715 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1718 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1719 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1720 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1721 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1724 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1725 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1726 state will require a world rebuild.
1727 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1730 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1731 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1732 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1735 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1736 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1737 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1738 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1740 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1743 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1744 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1745 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1746 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1747 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1748 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1749 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1750 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1753 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1754 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1755 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1758 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1759 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1760 introduces some changes:
1762 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1763 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1764 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1766 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1767 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1768 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1769 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1771 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1772 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1773 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1776 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1779 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1780 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1781 (supported by sane).
1784 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1785 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1786 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1787 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1788 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1791 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1792 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1793 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1794 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1798 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1799 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1800 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1801 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1804 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1805 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1808 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1809 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1811 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1812 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1813 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1815 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1816 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1817 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1818 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1819 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1820 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1821 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1822 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1824 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1825 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1826 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1827 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1828 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1829 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1831 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1832 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1833 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1834 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1835 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1837 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1838 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1839 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1842 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1843 recompiled to reflect this.
1844 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1847 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1848 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1849 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1850 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1851 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1852 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1855 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1856 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1857 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1858 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1859 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1860 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1863 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1864 network device driver modules.
1867 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1868 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1871 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1872 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1873 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1874 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1875 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1879 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1880 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1881 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1885 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1886 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1888 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1889 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1890 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1893 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1894 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1895 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1896 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1897 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1898 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1900 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1901 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1903 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1904 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1907 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1908 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1909 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1912 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1913 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1914 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1915 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1919 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1920 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1923 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1924 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1925 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1926 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1927 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1928 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1931 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1932 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1933 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1934 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1937 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1938 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1939 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1940 in next mpd5.3 release.
1943 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1944 the base system (it was a port).
1947 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1948 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1951 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1952 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1953 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1954 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1955 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1956 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1957 none of the L2 information.
1960 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1961 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1963 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1965 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1969 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1970 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1971 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1972 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1975 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1976 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1977 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1978 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1979 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1983 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1984 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1985 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1986 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1989 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1992 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1993 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1994 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1995 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1996 controller add the following to loader.conf:
2002 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
2003 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
2007 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
2008 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
2009 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
2010 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
2011 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
2012 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
2013 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
2016 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
2017 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
2018 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
2019 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
2020 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
2023 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
2029 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
2031 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
2032 cause compilation to fail.
2035 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
2038 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
2040 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
2041 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
2042 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
2043 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
2044 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
2045 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
2046 accepting the RSA key.
2048 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
2049 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
2052 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
2053 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
2054 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
2058 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
2059 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
2060 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
2062 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
2063 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
2064 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
2065 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
2066 use the new device names.
2068 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
2069 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
2070 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
2071 at the loader prompt:
2073 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
2074 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
2075 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
2076 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
2080 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2084 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2085 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2086 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2087 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2090 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2091 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2094 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2095 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2096 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2097 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2098 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2101 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2102 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2103 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2104 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2105 For example, change:
2106 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2109 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2110 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2111 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2112 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2114 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2115 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2116 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2119 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2120 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2121 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2122 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2123 other operation levels.
2126 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2127 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2128 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2129 compatibility with any prior release:
2131 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2132 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2133 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2136 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2137 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2138 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2139 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2140 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2144 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2145 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2146 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2147 with older hardware easier to do.
2150 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2151 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2154 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2155 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2156 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2160 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2164 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2165 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2166 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2167 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2168 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2169 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2170 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2171 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2172 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2173 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2174 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2175 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2178 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2179 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2180 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2183 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2184 functionality is the default now.
2187 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2188 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2189 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2190 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2191 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2193 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2194 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2195 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2198 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2199 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2200 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2201 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2202 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2203 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2204 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2205 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2206 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2207 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2211 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2212 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2213 used kproc_start()..
2214 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2215 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2216 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2225 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2226 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2227 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2228 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2229 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2230 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2231 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2233 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2234 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2235 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2236 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2237 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2239 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2240 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2241 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2242 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2243 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2245 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2246 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2247 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2248 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2252 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2255 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2256 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2258 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2260 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2261 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2262 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2264 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2268 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2269 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2270 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2272 make kernel-toolchain
2273 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2274 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2276 To test a kernel once
2277 ---------------------
2278 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2279 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2280 debugging information) run
2281 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2282 nextboot -k testkernel
2284 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2285 --------------------------------------------------------------
2286 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2287 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2288 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2290 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2291 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2292 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2297 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2299 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2300 -----------------------------------------------------------
2301 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2302 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2304 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2306 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2308 <reboot in single user> [3]
2315 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2316 --------------------------------------------------
2317 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2318 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2319 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2322 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2325 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2326 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2327 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2328 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2329 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2330 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2331 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2332 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2333 <reboot into current>
2334 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2335 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2339 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2340 ----------------------------------------------
2341 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2343 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2345 <reboot in single user> [3]
2352 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2353 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2354 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2355 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2356 the UPDATING entries.
2358 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2359 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2360 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2361 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2362 much fewer pitfalls.
2364 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2365 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2368 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2373 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2374 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2375 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2377 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2378 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2379 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2380 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2381 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2382 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2383 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2385 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2386 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2387 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2388 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2389 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2390 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2392 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2393 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2394 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2396 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2397 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2398 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2399 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2400 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2401 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2403 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2404 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2406 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2407 cvs prune empty directories.
2409 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2410 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2411 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2413 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2414 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2415 warn if it is improperly defined.
2418 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2419 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2420 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2421 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2422 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2424 Copyright information:
2426 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2428 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2429 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2430 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2432 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2433 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2434 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2435 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2436 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2437 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2438 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2439 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2440 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2441 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2442 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2444 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of