1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20161102 p42 FreeBSD-SA-16:35.openssl
21 Fix OpenSSL remote DoS vulnerability. [SA-16:35]
23 20161025 p41 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch [revised]
25 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
27 20161010 p40 FreeBSD-SA-16:29.bspatch
28 FreeBSD-SA-16:30.portsnap
29 FreeBSD-SA-16:31.libarchive
31 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:29]
33 Fix multiple portsnap vulnerabilities. [SA-16:30]
35 Fix multiple libarchive vulnerabilities. [SA-16:31]
37 20160926 p39 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl [revised]
39 Fix OpenSSL regression introduced in SA-16:26.
41 20160923 p38 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl
43 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites.
45 20160725 p37 FreeBSD-SA-16:25.bspatch
46 FreeBSD-EN-16:09.freebsd-update
48 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:25]
50 Fix freebsd-update(8) support of FreeBSD 11.0 release
51 distribution. [EN-16:09]
53 20160604 p36 FreeBSD-SA-16:24.ntp
55 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
57 20160531 p35 FreeBSD-SA-16:20.linux
58 FreeBSD-SA-16:21.43bsd
59 FreeBSD-SA-16:22.libarchive
61 Fix kernel stack disclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:20]
62 Fix kernel stack disclosure in 4.3BSD compatibility layer. [SA-16:21]
63 Fix directory traversal in cpio(1). [SA-16:22]
65 20160517 p34 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
66 FreeBSD-SA-16:19.sendmsg
68 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
70 Fix incorrect argument handling in sendmsg(2). [SA-16:19]
72 20160504 p33 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
75 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
77 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
79 20160429 p32 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
81 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
83 20160316 p31 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
84 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
85 FreeBSD-EN-16:04.hyperv
87 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
88 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
89 Fix Hyper-V KVP (Key-Value Pair) daemon indefinite sleep. [EN-16:04]
91 20160303 p30 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
93 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
95 20160130 p29 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
97 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
99 20160127 p28 FreeBSD-SA-16:09.ntp
100 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
102 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
104 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
105 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
107 20160114 p27 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
109 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
111 20160114 p26 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
112 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
113 FreeBSD-SA-16:01.sctp
115 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
116 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
118 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
120 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
121 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
122 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
123 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
124 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
125 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
126 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
127 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
129 20151205 p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
131 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26]
133 20151104 p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
134 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
137 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
138 clock in 10.1-RELEASE-p23. [SA-15:25.ntp]
140 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
142 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
143 memory address. [EN-15:20]
145 20151026: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
147 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
149 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
150 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
151 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
152 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
154 20151002: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
155 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
157 20150929: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
159 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
161 20150916: p20 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
163 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
165 20150825: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
166 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
167 FreeBSD-EN-15:14.ixgbe
170 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
172 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
174 Disabled ixgbe(4) flow-director support. [EN-15:14]
176 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
179 20150818: p18 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
181 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
184 20150805: p17 FreeBSD-SA-15:18.bsdpatch
185 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
187 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability via ed(1).
190 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:19]
192 20150728: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:14.bsdpatch
194 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
196 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability. [SA-15:14]
198 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
200 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
202 20150721: p15 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
204 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
207 20150630: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
208 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
209 FreeBSD-EN-15:10.iconv
211 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
213 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
216 Improved iconv(3) UTF-7 support. [EN-15:10]
218 20150618: p13 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
219 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
221 20150612: p12 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
222 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
224 20150609: p11 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
227 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
228 of service issues. [EN-15:06]
230 Improved reliability of ZFS when TRIM/UNMAP and/or L2ARC is used.
233 20150513: p10 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
236 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
237 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
239 Fix deadlock on reboot with UFS tuned with SU+J. [EN-15:05]
241 20150407: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
243 FreeBSD-SA-15:08.bsdinstall
244 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
246 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
248 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
250 Fix bsdinstall(8) insecure default GELI keyfile permissions. [SA-15:08]
252 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
255 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
257 20150319: p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
258 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
260 20150225: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
262 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
263 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
265 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
267 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
269 Updated base system OpenSSL to 1.0.1l. [EN-15:02]
271 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
273 20150127: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
274 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
276 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
277 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
279 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
281 20150114: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
282 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
284 20141223: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
285 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
287 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
288 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
290 20141217: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:30.unbound
291 Fix unbound remote denial of service vulnerability.
293 20141210: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:27.stdio
294 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
296 Fix buffer overflow in stdio. [SA-14:27]
298 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
302 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
303 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
304 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
305 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
309 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
310 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
311 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
312 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
313 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
314 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
315 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
318 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
319 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
320 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
323 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
324 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
325 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
326 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
327 be removed during a clean upgrade.
330 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
331 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
332 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
335 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
336 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
337 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
340 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
341 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
342 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
343 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
344 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
348 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
349 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
350 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
351 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
352 to do the right thing.
355 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
356 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
357 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
360 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
361 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
362 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
365 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
366 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
367 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
368 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
369 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
372 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
375 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
378 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
379 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
380 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
381 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
382 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
383 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
386 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
387 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
388 kernel is still highly recommended.
391 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
392 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
393 capability mode support in kernel.
396 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
397 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
398 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
399 the nfe(4) driver instead.
405 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
406 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
407 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
408 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
409 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
410 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
411 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
412 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
413 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
416 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
417 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
418 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
419 should change your settings to use the latter.
422 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
423 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
424 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
425 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
426 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
429 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
430 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
431 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
433 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
435 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
438 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
439 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
440 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
441 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
442 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
443 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
445 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
446 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
447 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
448 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
449 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
450 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
452 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
453 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
457 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
458 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
459 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
460 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
462 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
463 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
464 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
465 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
468 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
469 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
470 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
473 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
474 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
475 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
476 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
479 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
480 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
481 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
485 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
486 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
487 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
491 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
492 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
493 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
494 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
495 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
496 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
499 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
500 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
501 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
504 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
505 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
506 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
509 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
510 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
511 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
512 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
513 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
514 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
517 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
518 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
519 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
521 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
522 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
523 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
524 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
525 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
528 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
529 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
530 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
531 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
535 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
536 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
537 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
540 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
542 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
543 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
544 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
545 old as well as the new version of find.
548 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
549 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
550 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
551 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
552 subdirectories must be reviewed.
555 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
556 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
557 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
559 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
561 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
562 users are advised to upgrade.
565 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
566 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
569 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
570 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
571 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
574 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
575 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
577 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
578 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
579 overloading the machine.
582 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
583 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
584 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
585 write access to that file.
588 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
589 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
592 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
594 make: illegal option -- J
595 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
597 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
599 this likely due to an old instance of make in
600 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
601 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
602 you see the above error:
604 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
609 Use bmake by default.
610 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
611 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
612 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
614 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
615 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
616 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
617 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
618 behavior in parallel build.
621 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
624 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
625 the IDEA patent expired.
628 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
629 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
633 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
634 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
635 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
636 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
637 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
638 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
639 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
643 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
644 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
645 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
646 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
650 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
651 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
652 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
653 binaries will not work on older kernels.
656 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
657 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
660 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
661 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
662 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
663 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
666 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
667 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
668 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
669 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
670 in /boot/loader.conf.
673 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
674 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
675 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
676 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
677 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
680 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
681 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
683 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
684 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
687 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
688 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
689 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
690 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
691 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
694 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
695 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
696 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
697 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
698 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
702 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
703 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
704 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
705 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
706 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
707 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
708 use is expected to be extremely rare.
711 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
712 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
713 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
716 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
717 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
718 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
722 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
723 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
724 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
729 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
730 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
731 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
734 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
735 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
736 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
737 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
738 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
739 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
742 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
743 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
744 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
745 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
746 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
747 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
748 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
752 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
753 functionality now turned on by default.
756 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
757 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
758 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
759 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
760 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
761 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
762 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
763 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
764 of the two kernel options.
767 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
768 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
769 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
770 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
773 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
774 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
778 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
779 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
780 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
783 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
784 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
785 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
786 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
787 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
790 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
791 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
792 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
793 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
796 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
799 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
800 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
801 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
805 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
806 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
810 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
811 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
812 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
815 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
816 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
817 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
818 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
819 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
823 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
824 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
827 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
828 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
829 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
830 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
834 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
835 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
836 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
839 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
840 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
841 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
844 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
845 with other variables:
846 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
847 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
850 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
851 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
852 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
853 installed as "bsdsort".
856 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
857 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
858 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
859 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
860 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
861 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
862 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
863 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
864 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
867 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
868 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
869 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
870 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
871 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
872 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
876 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
877 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
878 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
879 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
880 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
881 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
882 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
885 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
889 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
890 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
891 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
892 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
893 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
894 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
897 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
898 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
899 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
900 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
904 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
905 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
906 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
907 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
909 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
910 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
913 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
914 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
915 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
917 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
920 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
921 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
922 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
923 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
924 not supported anymore.
926 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
927 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
928 need to be recompiled.
931 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
935 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
936 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
937 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
941 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
942 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
945 sysinstall has been removed
948 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
949 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
952 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
953 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
954 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
955 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
956 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
957 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
958 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
959 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
960 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
961 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
964 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
965 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
966 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
967 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
970 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
971 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
972 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
973 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
975 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
976 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
977 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
980 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
981 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
982 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
983 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
986 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
988 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
989 The following sysctl is retired:
990 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
991 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
992 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
993 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
994 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
995 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
996 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
997 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
998 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
999 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
1000 a default scheduler.
1003 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
1007 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
1008 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
1009 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
1013 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
1016 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
1017 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
1018 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
1019 drivers need to be recompiled.
1021 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
1022 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
1023 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
1024 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
1028 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
1029 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
1032 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
1033 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
1034 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
1035 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
1036 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
1037 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
1038 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
1039 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
1040 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
1041 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
1042 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
1044 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
1046 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
1047 a diskless root fs use the old client.
1050 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
1051 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
1052 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
1053 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
1054 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
1055 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
1056 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
1057 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
1058 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
1059 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
1060 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
1061 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
1063 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
1064 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
1065 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
1066 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
1067 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
1068 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
1069 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
1070 them are parts of the cam module.
1072 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1073 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1074 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1076 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1077 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1078 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1083 , and instead add back:
1084 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1085 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1086 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1087 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1088 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1091 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1092 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1093 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1094 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1095 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1096 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1099 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1100 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1101 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1104 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1105 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1106 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1107 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1108 in order to use ath on everything else.
1110 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1111 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1114 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1115 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1116 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1119 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1120 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1121 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1122 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1123 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1124 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1127 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1128 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1129 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1130 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1131 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1133 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1134 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1137 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1138 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1139 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1140 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1141 The function remains undocumented.
1144 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1145 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1146 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1147 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1148 systems where the define is not present can check against
1149 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1151 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1152 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1153 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1154 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1155 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1156 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1159 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1160 the following warning:
1161 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1162 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1163 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1164 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1165 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1166 install it on your system.
1168 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1169 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1170 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1171 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1174 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1175 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1176 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1177 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1181 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1182 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1183 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1184 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1185 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1186 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1187 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1188 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1189 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1190 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1191 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1192 it, for example via:
1193 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1195 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1196 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1197 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1198 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1199 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1200 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1201 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1203 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1204 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1207 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1208 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1209 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1210 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1211 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1214 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1215 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1216 migrate local entries to the new format.
1219 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1220 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1224 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1225 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1226 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1227 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1228 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1229 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1232 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1233 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1235 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1236 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1237 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1240 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1241 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1242 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1243 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1244 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1246 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1247 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1248 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1251 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1252 now i386 and amd64 only.
1253 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1254 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1255 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1256 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1257 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1258 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1261 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1262 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1265 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1266 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1267 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1268 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1269 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1270 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1271 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1272 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1273 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1274 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1275 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1278 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1279 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1280 machine powerpc powerpc
1282 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1286 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1287 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1288 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1289 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1290 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1293 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1294 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1295 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1296 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1297 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1300 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1301 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1302 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1303 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1305 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1306 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1307 to unwanted behavior.
1310 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1311 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1312 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1313 be modified accordingly.
1316 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1317 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1318 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1319 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1320 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1321 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1323 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1324 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1325 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1328 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1329 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1330 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1331 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1332 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1335 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1336 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1337 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1340 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1341 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1342 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1343 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1344 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1346 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1347 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1348 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1350 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1356 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1357 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1358 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1359 operation of applications on the console.
1361 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1362 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1363 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1366 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1367 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1368 performed by syscons(4).
1371 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1372 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1373 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1375 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1376 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1380 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1381 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1382 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1383 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1384 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1388 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1389 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1391 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1392 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1393 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1395 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1396 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1398 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1401 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1402 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1404 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1405 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1406 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1408 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1409 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1410 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1411 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1412 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1413 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1414 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1415 using ifconfig(8) like:
1417 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1419 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1422 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1424 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1425 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1426 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1427 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1428 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1431 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1432 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1435 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1436 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1437 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1438 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1439 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1440 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1443 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1444 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1447 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1448 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1449 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1453 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1454 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1455 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1458 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1459 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1462 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1463 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1464 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1467 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1468 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1469 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1472 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1473 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1474 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1475 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1476 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1479 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1480 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1481 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1482 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1483 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1486 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1487 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1488 may need to be adjusted.
1491 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1492 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1493 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1494 with routing sockets.
1497 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1498 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1499 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1502 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1503 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1504 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1508 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1509 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1510 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1513 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1514 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1515 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1516 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1517 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1518 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1519 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1520 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1522 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1523 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1524 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1525 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1526 authentication method is used.
1529 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1530 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1531 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1532 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1533 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1536 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1537 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1540 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1544 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1545 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1548 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1549 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1552 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1553 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1557 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1558 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1560 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1563 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1567 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1568 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1571 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1573 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1576 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1577 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1578 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1579 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1580 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1581 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1584 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1585 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1588 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1590 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1593 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1594 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1597 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1598 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1601 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1602 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1603 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1604 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1605 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1608 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1609 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1610 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1611 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1612 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1613 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1616 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1617 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1618 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1619 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1621 For kernel developers:
1623 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1624 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1625 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1627 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1628 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1629 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1630 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1632 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1633 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1634 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1635 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1636 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1637 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1638 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1639 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1640 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1641 multicast membership on-link.
1642 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1643 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1644 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1646 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1647 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1649 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1650 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1653 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1654 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1655 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1656 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1658 For application developers:
1660 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1663 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1664 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1666 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1667 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1668 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1669 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1671 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1672 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1673 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1674 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1675 Multicast Source Filters'.
1677 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1679 For systems administrators:
1681 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1682 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1683 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1684 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1685 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1687 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1688 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1690 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1691 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1692 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1693 recommended for optimal system performance.
1695 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1696 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1697 back forwarded datagrams.
1699 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1702 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1703 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1706 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1707 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1708 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1709 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1712 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1713 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1714 state will require a world rebuild.
1715 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1718 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1719 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1720 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1723 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1724 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1725 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1726 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1728 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1731 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1732 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1733 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1734 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1735 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1736 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1737 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1738 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1741 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1742 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1743 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1746 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1747 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1748 introduces some changes:
1750 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1751 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1752 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1754 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1755 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1756 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1757 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1759 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1760 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1761 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1764 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1767 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1768 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1769 (supported by sane).
1772 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1773 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1774 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1775 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1776 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1779 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1780 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1781 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1782 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1786 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1787 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1788 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1789 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1792 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1793 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1796 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1797 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1799 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1800 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1801 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1803 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1804 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1805 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1806 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1807 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1808 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1809 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1810 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1812 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1813 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1814 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1815 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1816 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1817 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1819 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1820 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1821 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1822 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1823 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1825 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1826 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1827 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1830 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1831 recompiled to reflect this.
1832 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1835 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1836 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1837 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1838 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1839 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1840 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1843 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1844 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1845 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1846 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1847 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1848 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1851 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1852 network device driver modules.
1855 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1856 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1859 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1860 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1861 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1862 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1863 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1867 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1868 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1869 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1873 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1874 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1876 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1877 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1878 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1881 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1882 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1883 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1884 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1885 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1886 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1888 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1889 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1891 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1892 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1895 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1896 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1897 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1900 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1901 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1902 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1903 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1907 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1908 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1911 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1912 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1913 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1914 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1915 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1916 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1919 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1920 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1921 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1922 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1925 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1926 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1927 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1928 in next mpd5.3 release.
1931 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1932 the base system (it was a port).
1935 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1936 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1939 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1940 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1941 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1942 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1943 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1944 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1945 none of the L2 information.
1948 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1949 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1951 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1953 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1957 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1958 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1959 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1960 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1963 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1964 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1965 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1966 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1967 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1971 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1972 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1973 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1974 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1977 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1980 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1981 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1982 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1983 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1984 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1990 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1991 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1995 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1996 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1997 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1998 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1999 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
2000 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
2001 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
2004 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
2005 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
2006 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
2007 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
2008 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
2011 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
2017 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
2019 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
2020 cause compilation to fail.
2023 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
2026 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
2028 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
2029 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
2030 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
2031 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
2032 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
2033 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
2034 accepting the RSA key.
2036 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
2037 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
2040 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
2041 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
2042 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
2046 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
2047 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
2048 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
2050 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
2051 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
2052 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
2053 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
2054 use the new device names.
2056 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
2057 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
2058 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
2059 at the loader prompt:
2061 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
2062 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
2063 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
2064 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
2068 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2072 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2073 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2074 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2075 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2078 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2079 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2082 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2083 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2084 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2085 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2086 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2089 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2090 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2091 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2092 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2093 For example, change:
2094 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2097 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2098 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2099 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2100 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2102 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2103 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2104 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2107 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2108 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2109 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2110 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2111 other operation levels.
2114 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2115 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2116 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2117 compatibility with any prior release:
2119 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2120 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2121 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2124 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2125 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2126 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2127 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2128 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2132 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2133 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2134 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2135 with older hardware easier to do.
2138 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2139 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2142 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2143 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2144 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2148 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2152 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2153 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2154 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2155 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2156 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2157 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2158 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2159 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2160 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2161 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2162 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2163 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2166 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2167 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2168 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2171 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2172 functionality is the default now.
2175 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2176 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2177 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2178 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2179 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2181 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2182 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2183 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2186 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2187 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2188 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2189 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2190 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2191 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2192 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2193 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2194 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2195 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2199 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2200 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2201 used kproc_start()..
2202 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2203 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2204 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2213 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2214 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2215 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2216 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2217 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2218 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2219 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2221 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2222 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2223 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2224 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2225 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2227 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2228 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2229 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2230 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2231 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2233 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2234 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2235 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2236 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2240 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2243 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2244 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2246 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2248 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2249 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2250 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2252 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2256 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2257 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2258 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2260 make kernel-toolchain
2261 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2262 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2264 To test a kernel once
2265 ---------------------
2266 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2267 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2268 debugging information) run
2269 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2270 nextboot -k testkernel
2272 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2273 --------------------------------------------------------------
2274 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2275 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2276 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2278 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2279 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2280 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2285 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2287 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2288 -----------------------------------------------------------
2289 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2290 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2292 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2294 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2296 <reboot in single user> [3]
2303 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2304 --------------------------------------------------
2305 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2306 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2307 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2310 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2313 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2314 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2315 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2316 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2317 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2318 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2319 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2320 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2321 <reboot into current>
2322 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2323 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2327 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2328 ----------------------------------------------
2329 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2331 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2333 <reboot in single user> [3]
2340 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2341 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2342 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2343 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2344 the UPDATING entries.
2346 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2347 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2348 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2349 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2350 much fewer pitfalls.
2352 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2353 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2356 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2361 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2362 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2363 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2365 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2366 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2367 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2368 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2369 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2370 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2371 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2373 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2374 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2375 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2376 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2377 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2378 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2380 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2381 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2382 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2384 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2385 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2386 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2387 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2388 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2389 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2391 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2392 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2394 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2395 cvs prune empty directories.
2397 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2398 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2399 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2401 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2402 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2403 warn if it is improperly defined.
2406 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2407 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2408 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2409 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2410 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2412 Copyright information:
2414 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2416 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2417 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2418 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2420 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2421 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2422 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2423 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2424 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2425 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2426 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2427 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2428 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2429 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2430 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2432 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of