1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20160303 p30 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
21 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
23 20160130 p29 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
25 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
27 20160127 p28 FreeBSD-SA-16:09.ntp
28 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
30 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
32 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
33 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
35 20160114 p27 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
37 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
39 20160114 p26 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
40 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
43 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
44 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
46 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
48 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
49 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
50 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
51 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
52 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
53 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
54 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
55 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
57 20151205 p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
59 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26]
61 20151104 p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
62 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
65 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
66 clock in 10.1-RELEASE-p23. [SA-15:25.ntp]
68 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
70 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
71 memory address. [EN-15:20]
73 20151026: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
75 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
77 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
78 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
79 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
80 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
82 20151002: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
83 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
85 20150929: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
87 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
89 20150916: p20 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
91 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
93 20150825: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
94 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
95 FreeBSD-EN-15:14.ixgbe
98 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
100 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
102 Disabled ixgbe(4) flow-director support. [EN-15:14]
104 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
107 20150818: p18 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
109 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
112 20150805: p17 FreeBSD-SA-15:18.bsdpatch
113 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
115 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability via ed(1).
118 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:19]
120 20150728: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:14.bsdpatch
122 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
124 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability. [SA-15:14]
126 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
128 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
130 20150721: p15 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
132 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
135 20150630: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
136 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
137 FreeBSD-EN-15:10.iconv
139 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
141 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
144 Improved iconv(3) UTF-7 support. [EN-15:10]
146 20150618: p13 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
147 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
149 20150612: p12 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
150 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
152 20150609: p11 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
155 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
156 of service issues. [EN-15:06]
158 Improved reliability of ZFS when TRIM/UNMAP and/or L2ARC is used.
161 20150513: p10 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
164 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
165 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
167 Fix deadlock on reboot with UFS tuned with SU+J. [EN-15:05]
169 20150407: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
171 FreeBSD-SA-15:08.bsdinstall
172 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
174 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
176 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
178 Fix bsdinstall(8) insecure default GELI keyfile permissions. [SA-15:08]
180 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
183 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
185 20150319: p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
186 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
188 20150225: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
190 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
191 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
193 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
195 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
197 Updated base system OpenSSL to 1.0.1l. [EN-15:02]
199 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
201 20150127: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
202 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
204 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
205 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
207 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
209 20150114: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
210 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
212 20141223: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
213 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
215 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
216 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
218 20141217: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:30.unbound
219 Fix unbound remote denial of service vulnerability.
221 20141210: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:27.stdio
222 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
224 Fix buffer overflow in stdio. [SA-14:27]
226 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
230 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
231 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
232 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
233 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
237 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
238 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
239 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
240 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
241 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
242 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
243 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
246 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
247 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
248 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
251 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
252 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
253 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
254 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
255 be removed during a clean upgrade.
258 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
259 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
260 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
263 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
264 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
265 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
268 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
269 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
270 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
271 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
272 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
276 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
277 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
278 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
279 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
280 to do the right thing.
283 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
284 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
285 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
288 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
289 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
290 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
293 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
294 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
295 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
296 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
297 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
300 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
303 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
306 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
307 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
308 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
309 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
310 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
311 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
314 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
315 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
316 kernel is still highly recommended.
319 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
320 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
321 capability mode support in kernel.
324 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
325 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
326 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
327 the nfe(4) driver instead.
333 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
334 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
335 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
336 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
337 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
338 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
339 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
340 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
341 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
344 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
345 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
346 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
347 should change your settings to use the latter.
350 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
351 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
352 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
353 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
354 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
357 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
358 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
359 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
361 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
363 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
366 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
367 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
368 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
369 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
370 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
371 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
373 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
374 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
375 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
376 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
377 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
378 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
380 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
381 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
385 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
386 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
387 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
388 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
390 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
391 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
392 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
393 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
396 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
397 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
398 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
401 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
402 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
403 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
404 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
407 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
408 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
409 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
413 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
414 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
415 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
419 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
420 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
421 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
422 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
423 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
424 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
427 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
428 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
429 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
432 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
433 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
434 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
437 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
438 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
439 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
440 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
441 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
442 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
445 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
446 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
447 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
449 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
450 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
451 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
452 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
453 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
456 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
457 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
458 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
459 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
463 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
464 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
465 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
468 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
470 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
471 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
472 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
473 old as well as the new version of find.
476 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
477 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
478 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
479 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
480 subdirectories must be reviewed.
483 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
484 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
485 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
487 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
489 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
490 users are advised to upgrade.
493 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
494 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
497 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
498 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
499 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
502 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
503 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
505 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
506 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
507 overloading the machine.
510 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
511 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
512 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
513 write access to that file.
516 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
517 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
520 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
522 make: illegal option -- J
523 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
525 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
527 this likely due to an old instance of make in
528 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
529 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
530 you see the above error:
532 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
537 Use bmake by default.
538 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
539 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
540 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
542 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
543 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
544 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
545 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
546 behavior in parallel build.
549 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
552 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
553 the IDEA patent expired.
556 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
557 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
561 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
562 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
563 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
564 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
565 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
566 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
567 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
571 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
572 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
573 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
574 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
578 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
579 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
580 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
581 binaries will not work on older kernels.
584 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
585 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
588 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
589 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
590 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
591 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
594 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
595 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
596 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
597 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
598 in /boot/loader.conf.
601 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
602 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
603 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
604 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
605 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
608 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
609 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
611 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
612 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
615 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
616 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
617 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
618 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
619 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
622 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
623 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
624 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
625 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
626 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
630 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
631 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
632 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
633 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
634 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
635 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
636 use is expected to be extremely rare.
639 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
640 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
641 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
644 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
645 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
646 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
650 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
651 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
652 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
657 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
658 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
659 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
662 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
663 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
664 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
665 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
666 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
667 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
670 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
671 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
672 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
673 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
674 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
675 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
676 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
680 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
681 functionality now turned on by default.
684 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
685 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
686 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
687 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
688 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
689 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
690 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
691 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
692 of the two kernel options.
695 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
696 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
697 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
698 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
701 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
702 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
706 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
707 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
708 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
711 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
712 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
713 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
714 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
715 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
718 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
719 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
720 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
721 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
724 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
727 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
728 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
729 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
733 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
734 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
738 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
739 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
740 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
743 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
744 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
745 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
746 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
747 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
751 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
752 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
755 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
756 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
757 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
758 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
762 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
763 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
764 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
767 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
768 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
769 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
772 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
773 with other variables:
774 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
775 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
778 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
779 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
780 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
781 installed as "bsdsort".
784 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
785 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
786 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
787 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
788 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
789 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
790 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
791 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
792 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
795 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
796 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
797 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
798 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
799 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
800 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
804 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
805 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
806 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
807 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
808 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
809 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
810 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
813 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
817 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
818 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
819 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
820 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
821 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
822 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
825 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
826 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
827 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
828 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
832 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
833 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
834 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
835 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
837 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
838 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
841 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
842 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
843 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
845 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
848 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
849 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
850 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
851 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
852 not supported anymore.
854 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
855 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
856 need to be recompiled.
859 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
863 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
864 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
865 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
869 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
870 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
873 sysinstall has been removed
876 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
877 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
880 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
881 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
882 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
883 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
884 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
885 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
886 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
887 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
888 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
889 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
892 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
893 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
894 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
895 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
898 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
899 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
900 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
901 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
903 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
904 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
905 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
908 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
909 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
910 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
911 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
914 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
916 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
917 The following sysctl is retired:
918 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
919 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
920 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
921 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
922 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
923 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
924 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
925 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
926 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
927 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
931 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
935 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
936 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
937 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
941 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
944 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
945 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
946 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
947 drivers need to be recompiled.
949 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
950 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
951 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
952 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
956 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
957 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
960 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
961 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
962 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
963 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
964 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
965 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
966 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
967 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
968 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
969 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
970 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
972 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
974 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
975 a diskless root fs use the old client.
978 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
979 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
980 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
981 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
982 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
983 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
984 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
985 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
986 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
987 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
988 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
989 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
991 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
992 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
993 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
994 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
995 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
996 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
997 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
998 them are parts of the cam module.
1000 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1001 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1002 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1004 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1005 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1006 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1011 , and instead add back:
1012 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1013 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1014 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1015 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1016 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1019 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1020 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1021 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1022 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1023 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1024 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1027 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1028 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1029 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1032 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1033 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1034 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1035 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1036 in order to use ath on everything else.
1038 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1039 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1042 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1043 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1044 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1047 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1048 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1049 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1050 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1051 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1052 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1055 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1056 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1057 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1058 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1059 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1061 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1062 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1065 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1066 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1067 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1068 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1069 The function remains undocumented.
1072 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1073 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1074 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1075 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1076 systems where the define is not present can check against
1077 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1079 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1080 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1081 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1082 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1083 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1084 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1087 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1088 the following warning:
1089 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1090 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1091 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1092 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1093 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1094 install it on your system.
1096 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1097 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1098 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1099 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1102 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1103 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1104 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1105 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1109 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1110 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1111 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1112 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1113 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1114 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1115 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1116 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1117 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1118 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1119 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1120 it, for example via:
1121 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1123 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1124 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1125 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1126 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1127 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1128 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1129 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1131 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1132 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1135 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1136 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1137 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1138 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1139 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1142 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1143 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1144 migrate local entries to the new format.
1147 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1148 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1152 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1153 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1154 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1155 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1156 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1157 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1160 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1161 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1163 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1164 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1165 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1168 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1169 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1170 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1171 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1172 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1174 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1175 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1176 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1179 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1180 now i386 and amd64 only.
1181 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1182 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1183 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1184 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1185 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1186 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1189 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1190 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1193 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1194 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1195 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1196 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1197 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1198 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1199 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1200 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1201 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1202 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1203 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1206 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1207 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1208 machine powerpc powerpc
1210 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1214 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1215 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1216 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1217 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1218 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1221 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1222 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1223 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1224 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1225 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1228 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1229 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1230 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1231 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1233 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1234 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1235 to unwanted behavior.
1238 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1239 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1240 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1241 be modified accordingly.
1244 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1245 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1246 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1247 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1248 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1249 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1251 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1252 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1253 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1256 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1257 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1258 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1259 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1260 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1263 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1264 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1265 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1268 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1269 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1270 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1271 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1272 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1274 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1275 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1276 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1278 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1284 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1285 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1286 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1287 operation of applications on the console.
1289 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1290 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1291 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1294 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1295 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1296 performed by syscons(4).
1299 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1300 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1301 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1303 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1304 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1308 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1309 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1310 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1311 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1312 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1316 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1317 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1319 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1320 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1321 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1323 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1324 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1326 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1329 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1330 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1332 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1333 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1334 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1336 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1337 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1338 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1339 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1340 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1341 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1342 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1343 using ifconfig(8) like:
1345 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1347 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1350 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1352 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1353 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1354 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1355 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1356 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1359 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1360 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1363 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1364 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1365 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1366 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1367 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1368 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1371 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1372 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1375 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1376 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1377 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1381 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1382 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1383 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1386 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1387 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1390 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1391 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1392 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1395 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1396 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1397 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1400 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1401 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1402 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1403 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1404 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1407 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1408 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1409 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1410 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1411 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1414 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1415 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1416 may need to be adjusted.
1419 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1420 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1421 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1422 with routing sockets.
1425 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1426 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1427 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1430 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1431 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1432 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1436 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1437 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1438 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1441 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1442 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1443 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1444 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1445 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1446 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1447 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1448 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1450 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1451 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1452 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1453 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1454 authentication method is used.
1457 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1458 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1459 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1460 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1461 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1464 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1465 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1468 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1472 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1473 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1476 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1477 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1480 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1481 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1485 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1486 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1488 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1491 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1495 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1496 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1499 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1501 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1504 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1505 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1506 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1507 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1508 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1509 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1512 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1513 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1516 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1518 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1521 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1522 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1525 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1526 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1529 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1530 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1531 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1532 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1533 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1536 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1537 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1538 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1539 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1540 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1541 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1544 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1545 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1546 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1547 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1549 For kernel developers:
1551 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1552 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1553 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1555 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1556 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1557 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1558 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1560 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1561 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1562 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1563 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1564 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1565 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1566 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1567 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1568 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1569 multicast membership on-link.
1570 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1571 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1572 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1574 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1575 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1577 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1578 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1581 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1582 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1583 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1584 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1586 For application developers:
1588 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1591 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1592 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1594 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1595 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1596 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1597 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1599 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1600 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1601 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1602 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1603 Multicast Source Filters'.
1605 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1607 For systems administrators:
1609 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1610 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1611 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1612 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1613 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1615 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1616 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1618 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1619 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1620 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1621 recommended for optimal system performance.
1623 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1624 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1625 back forwarded datagrams.
1627 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1630 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1631 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1634 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1635 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1636 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1637 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1640 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1641 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1642 state will require a world rebuild.
1643 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1646 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1647 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1648 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1651 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1652 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1653 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1654 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1656 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1659 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1660 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1661 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1662 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1663 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1664 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1665 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1666 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1669 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1670 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1671 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1674 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1675 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1676 introduces some changes:
1678 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1679 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1680 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1682 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1683 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1684 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1685 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1687 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1688 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1689 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1692 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1695 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1696 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1697 (supported by sane).
1700 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1701 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1702 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1703 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1704 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1707 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1708 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1709 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1710 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1714 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1715 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1716 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1717 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1720 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1721 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1724 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1725 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1727 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1728 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1729 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1731 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1732 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1733 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1734 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1735 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1736 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1737 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1738 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1740 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1741 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1742 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1743 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1744 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1745 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1747 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1748 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1749 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1750 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1751 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1753 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1754 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1755 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1758 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1759 recompiled to reflect this.
1760 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1763 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1764 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1765 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1766 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1767 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1768 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1771 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1772 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1773 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1774 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1775 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1776 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1779 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1780 network device driver modules.
1783 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1784 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1787 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1788 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1789 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1790 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1791 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1795 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1796 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1797 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1801 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1802 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1804 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1805 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1806 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1809 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1810 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1811 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1812 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1813 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1814 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1816 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1817 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1819 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1820 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1823 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1824 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1825 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1828 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1829 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1830 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1831 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1835 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1836 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1839 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1840 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1841 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1842 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1843 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1844 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1847 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1848 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1849 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1850 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1853 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1854 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1855 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1856 in next mpd5.3 release.
1859 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1860 the base system (it was a port).
1863 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1864 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1867 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1868 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1869 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1870 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1871 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1872 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1873 none of the L2 information.
1876 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1877 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1879 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1881 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1885 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1886 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1887 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1888 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1891 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1892 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1893 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1894 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1895 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1899 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1900 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1901 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1902 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1905 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1908 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1909 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1910 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1911 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1912 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1918 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1919 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1923 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1924 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1925 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1926 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1927 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1928 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1929 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1932 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1933 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1934 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1935 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1936 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1939 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1945 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1947 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1948 cause compilation to fail.
1951 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1954 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1956 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1957 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1958 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1959 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1960 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1961 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1962 accepting the RSA key.
1964 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1965 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1968 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1969 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
1970 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1974 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1975 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1976 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1978 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1979 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1980 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1981 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1982 use the new device names.
1984 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1985 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1986 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1987 at the loader prompt:
1989 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1990 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1991 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1992 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1996 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2000 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2001 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2002 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2003 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2006 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2007 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2010 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2011 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2012 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2013 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2014 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2017 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2018 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2019 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2020 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2021 For example, change:
2022 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2025 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2026 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2027 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2028 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2030 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2031 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2032 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2035 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2036 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2037 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2038 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2039 other operation levels.
2042 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2043 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2044 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2045 compatibility with any prior release:
2047 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2048 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2049 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2052 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2053 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2054 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2055 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2056 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2060 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2061 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2062 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2063 with older hardware easier to do.
2066 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2067 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2070 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2071 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2072 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2076 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2080 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2081 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2082 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2083 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2084 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2085 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2086 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2087 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2088 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2089 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2090 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2091 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2094 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2095 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2096 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2099 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2100 functionality is the default now.
2103 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2104 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2105 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2106 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2107 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2109 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2110 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2111 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2114 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2115 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2116 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2117 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2118 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2119 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2120 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2121 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2122 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2123 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2127 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2128 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2129 used kproc_start()..
2130 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2131 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2132 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2141 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2142 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2143 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2144 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2145 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2146 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2147 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2149 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2150 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2151 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2152 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2153 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2155 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2156 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2157 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2158 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2159 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2161 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2162 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2163 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2164 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2168 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2171 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2172 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2174 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2176 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2177 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2178 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2180 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2184 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2185 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2186 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2188 make kernel-toolchain
2189 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2190 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2192 To test a kernel once
2193 ---------------------
2194 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2195 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2196 debugging information) run
2197 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2198 nextboot -k testkernel
2200 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2201 --------------------------------------------------------------
2202 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2203 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2204 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2206 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2207 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2208 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2213 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2215 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2216 -----------------------------------------------------------
2217 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2218 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2220 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2222 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2224 <reboot in single user> [3]
2231 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2232 --------------------------------------------------
2233 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2234 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2235 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2238 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2241 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2242 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2243 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2244 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2245 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2246 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2247 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2248 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2249 <reboot into current>
2250 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2251 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2255 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2256 ----------------------------------------------
2257 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2259 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2261 <reboot in single user> [3]
2268 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2269 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2270 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2271 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2272 the UPDATING entries.
2274 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2275 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2276 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2277 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2278 much fewer pitfalls.
2280 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2281 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2284 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2289 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2290 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2291 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2293 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2294 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2295 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2296 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2297 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2298 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2299 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2301 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2302 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2303 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2304 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2305 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2306 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2308 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2309 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2310 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2312 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2313 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2314 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2315 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2316 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2317 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2319 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2320 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2322 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2323 cvs prune empty directories.
2325 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2326 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2327 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2329 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2330 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2331 warn if it is improperly defined.
2334 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2335 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2336 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2337 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2338 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2340 Copyright information:
2342 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2344 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2345 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2346 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2348 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2349 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2350 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2351 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2352 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2353 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2354 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2355 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2356 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2357 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2358 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2360 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of