1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20160725 p37 FreeBSD-SA-16:25.bspatch
20 FreeBSD-EN-16:09.freebsd-update
22 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:25]
24 Fix freebsd-update(8) support of FreeBSD 11.0 release
25 distribution. [EN-16:09]
27 20160604 p36 FreeBSD-SA-16:24.ntp
29 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
31 20160531 p35 FreeBSD-SA-16:20.linux
32 FreeBSD-SA-16:21.43bsd
33 FreeBSD-SA-16:22.libarchive
35 Fix kernel stack disclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:20]
36 Fix kernel stack disclosure in 4.3BSD compatibility layer. [SA-16:21]
37 Fix directory traversal in cpio(1). [SA-16:22]
39 20160517 p34 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
40 FreeBSD-SA-16:19.sendmsg
42 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
44 Fix incorrect argument handling in sendmsg(2). [SA-16:19]
46 20160504 p33 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
49 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
51 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
53 20160429 p32 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
55 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
57 20160316 p31 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
58 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
59 FreeBSD-EN-16:04.hyperv
61 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
62 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
63 Fix Hyper-V KVP (Key-Value Pair) daemon indefinite sleep. [EN-16:04]
65 20160303 p30 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
67 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
69 20160130 p29 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
71 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
73 20160127 p28 FreeBSD-SA-16:09.ntp
74 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
76 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
78 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
79 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
81 20160114 p27 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
83 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
85 20160114 p26 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
86 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
89 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
90 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
92 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
94 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
95 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
96 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
97 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
98 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
99 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
100 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
101 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
103 20151205 p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
105 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26]
107 20151104 p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
108 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
111 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
112 clock in 10.1-RELEASE-p23. [SA-15:25.ntp]
114 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
116 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
117 memory address. [EN-15:20]
119 20151026: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
121 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
123 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
124 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
125 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
126 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
128 20151002: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
129 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
131 20150929: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
133 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
135 20150916: p20 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
137 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
139 20150825: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
140 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
141 FreeBSD-EN-15:14.ixgbe
144 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
146 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
148 Disabled ixgbe(4) flow-director support. [EN-15:14]
150 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
153 20150818: p18 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
155 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
158 20150805: p17 FreeBSD-SA-15:18.bsdpatch
159 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
161 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability via ed(1).
164 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:19]
166 20150728: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:14.bsdpatch
168 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
170 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability. [SA-15:14]
172 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
174 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
176 20150721: p15 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
178 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
181 20150630: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
182 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
183 FreeBSD-EN-15:10.iconv
185 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
187 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
190 Improved iconv(3) UTF-7 support. [EN-15:10]
192 20150618: p13 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
193 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
195 20150612: p12 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
196 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
198 20150609: p11 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
201 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
202 of service issues. [EN-15:06]
204 Improved reliability of ZFS when TRIM/UNMAP and/or L2ARC is used.
207 20150513: p10 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
210 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
211 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
213 Fix deadlock on reboot with UFS tuned with SU+J. [EN-15:05]
215 20150407: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
217 FreeBSD-SA-15:08.bsdinstall
218 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
220 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
222 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
224 Fix bsdinstall(8) insecure default GELI keyfile permissions. [SA-15:08]
226 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
229 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
231 20150319: p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
232 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
234 20150225: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
236 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
237 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
239 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
241 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
243 Updated base system OpenSSL to 1.0.1l. [EN-15:02]
245 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
247 20150127: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
248 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
250 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
251 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
253 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
255 20150114: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
256 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
258 20141223: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
259 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
261 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
262 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
264 20141217: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:30.unbound
265 Fix unbound remote denial of service vulnerability.
267 20141210: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:27.stdio
268 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
270 Fix buffer overflow in stdio. [SA-14:27]
272 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
276 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
277 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
278 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
279 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
283 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
284 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
285 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
286 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
287 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
288 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
289 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
292 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
293 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
294 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
297 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
298 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
299 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
300 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
301 be removed during a clean upgrade.
304 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
305 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
306 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
309 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
310 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
311 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
314 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
315 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
316 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
317 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
318 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
322 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
323 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
324 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
325 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
326 to do the right thing.
329 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
330 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
331 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
334 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
335 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
336 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
339 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
340 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
341 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
342 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
343 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
346 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
349 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
352 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
353 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
354 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
355 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
356 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
357 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
360 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
361 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
362 kernel is still highly recommended.
365 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
366 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
367 capability mode support in kernel.
370 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
371 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
372 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
373 the nfe(4) driver instead.
379 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
380 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
381 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
382 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
383 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
384 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
385 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
386 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
387 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
390 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
391 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
392 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
393 should change your settings to use the latter.
396 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
397 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
398 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
399 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
400 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
403 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
404 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
405 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
407 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
409 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
412 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
413 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
414 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
415 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
416 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
417 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
419 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
420 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
421 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
422 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
423 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
424 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
426 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
427 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
431 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
432 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
433 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
434 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
436 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
437 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
438 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
439 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
442 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
443 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
444 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
447 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
448 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
449 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
450 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
453 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
454 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
455 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
459 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
460 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
461 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
465 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
466 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
467 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
468 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
469 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
470 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
473 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
474 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
475 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
478 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
479 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
480 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
483 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
484 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
485 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
486 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
487 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
488 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
491 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
492 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
493 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
495 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
496 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
497 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
498 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
499 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
502 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
503 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
504 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
505 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
509 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
510 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
511 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
514 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
516 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
517 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
518 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
519 old as well as the new version of find.
522 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
523 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
524 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
525 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
526 subdirectories must be reviewed.
529 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
530 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
531 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
533 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
535 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
536 users are advised to upgrade.
539 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
540 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
543 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
544 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
545 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
548 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
549 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
551 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
552 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
553 overloading the machine.
556 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
557 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
558 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
559 write access to that file.
562 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
563 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
566 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
568 make: illegal option -- J
569 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
571 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
573 this likely due to an old instance of make in
574 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
575 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
576 you see the above error:
578 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
583 Use bmake by default.
584 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
585 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
586 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
588 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
589 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
590 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
591 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
592 behavior in parallel build.
595 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
598 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
599 the IDEA patent expired.
602 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
603 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
607 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
608 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
609 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
610 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
611 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
612 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
613 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
617 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
618 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
619 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
620 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
624 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
625 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
626 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
627 binaries will not work on older kernels.
630 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
631 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
634 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
635 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
636 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
637 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
640 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
641 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
642 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
643 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
644 in /boot/loader.conf.
647 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
648 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
649 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
650 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
651 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
654 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
655 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
657 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
658 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
661 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
662 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
663 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
664 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
665 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
668 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
669 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
670 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
671 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
672 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
676 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
677 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
678 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
679 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
680 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
681 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
682 use is expected to be extremely rare.
685 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
686 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
687 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
690 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
691 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
692 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
696 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
697 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
698 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
703 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
704 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
705 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
708 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
709 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
710 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
711 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
712 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
713 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
716 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
717 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
718 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
719 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
720 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
721 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
722 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
726 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
727 functionality now turned on by default.
730 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
731 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
732 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
733 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
734 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
735 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
736 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
737 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
738 of the two kernel options.
741 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
742 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
743 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
744 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
747 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
748 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
752 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
753 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
754 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
757 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
758 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
759 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
760 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
761 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
764 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
765 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
766 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
767 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
770 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
773 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
774 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
775 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
779 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
780 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
784 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
785 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
786 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
789 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
790 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
791 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
792 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
793 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
797 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
798 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
801 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
802 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
803 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
804 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
808 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
809 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
810 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
813 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
814 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
815 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
818 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
819 with other variables:
820 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
821 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
824 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
825 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
826 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
827 installed as "bsdsort".
830 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
831 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
832 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
833 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
834 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
835 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
836 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
837 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
838 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
841 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
842 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
843 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
844 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
845 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
846 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
850 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
851 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
852 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
853 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
854 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
855 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
856 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
859 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
863 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
864 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
865 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
866 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
867 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
868 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
871 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
872 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
873 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
874 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
878 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
879 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
880 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
881 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
883 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
884 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
887 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
888 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
889 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
891 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
894 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
895 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
896 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
897 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
898 not supported anymore.
900 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
901 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
902 need to be recompiled.
905 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
909 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
910 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
911 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
915 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
916 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
919 sysinstall has been removed
922 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
923 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
926 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
927 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
928 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
929 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
930 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
931 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
932 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
933 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
934 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
935 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
938 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
939 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
940 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
941 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
944 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
945 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
946 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
947 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
949 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
950 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
951 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
954 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
955 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
956 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
957 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
960 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
962 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
963 The following sysctl is retired:
964 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
965 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
966 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
967 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
968 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
969 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
970 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
971 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
972 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
973 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
977 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
981 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
982 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
983 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
987 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
990 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
991 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
992 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
993 drivers need to be recompiled.
995 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
996 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
997 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
998 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
1002 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
1003 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
1006 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
1007 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
1008 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
1009 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
1010 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
1011 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
1012 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
1013 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
1014 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
1015 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
1016 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
1018 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
1020 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
1021 a diskless root fs use the old client.
1024 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
1025 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
1026 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
1027 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
1028 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
1029 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
1030 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
1031 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
1032 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
1033 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
1034 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
1035 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
1037 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
1038 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
1039 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
1040 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
1041 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
1042 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
1043 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
1044 them are parts of the cam module.
1046 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1047 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1048 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1050 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1051 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1052 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1057 , and instead add back:
1058 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1059 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1060 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1061 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1062 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1065 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1066 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1067 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1068 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1069 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1070 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1073 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1074 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1075 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1078 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1079 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1080 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1081 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1082 in order to use ath on everything else.
1084 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1085 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1088 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1089 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1090 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1093 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1094 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1095 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1096 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1097 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1098 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1101 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1102 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1103 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1104 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1105 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1107 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1108 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1111 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1112 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1113 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1114 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1115 The function remains undocumented.
1118 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1119 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1120 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1121 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1122 systems where the define is not present can check against
1123 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1125 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1126 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1127 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1128 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1129 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1130 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1133 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1134 the following warning:
1135 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1136 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1137 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1138 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1139 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1140 install it on your system.
1142 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1143 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1144 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1145 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1148 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1149 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1150 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1151 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1155 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1156 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1157 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1158 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1159 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1160 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1161 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1162 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1163 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1164 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1165 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1166 it, for example via:
1167 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1169 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1170 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1171 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1172 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1173 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1174 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1175 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1177 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1178 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1181 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1182 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1183 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1184 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1185 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1188 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1189 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1190 migrate local entries to the new format.
1193 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1194 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1198 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1199 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1200 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1201 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1202 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1203 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1206 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1207 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1209 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1210 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1211 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1214 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1215 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1216 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1217 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1218 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1220 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1221 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1222 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1225 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1226 now i386 and amd64 only.
1227 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1228 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1229 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1230 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1231 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1232 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1235 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1236 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1239 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1240 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1241 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1242 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1243 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1244 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1245 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1246 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1247 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1248 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1249 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1252 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1253 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1254 machine powerpc powerpc
1256 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1260 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1261 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1262 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1263 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1264 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1267 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1268 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1269 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1270 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1271 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1274 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1275 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1276 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1277 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1279 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1280 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1281 to unwanted behavior.
1284 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1285 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1286 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1287 be modified accordingly.
1290 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1291 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1292 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1293 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1294 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1295 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1297 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1298 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1299 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1302 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1303 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1304 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1305 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1306 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1309 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1310 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1311 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1314 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1315 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1316 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1317 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1318 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1320 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1321 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1322 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1324 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1330 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1331 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1332 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1333 operation of applications on the console.
1335 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1336 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1337 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1340 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1341 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1342 performed by syscons(4).
1345 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1346 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1347 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1349 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1350 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1354 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1355 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1356 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1357 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1358 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1362 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1363 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1365 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1366 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1367 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1369 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1370 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1372 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1375 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1376 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1378 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1379 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1380 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1382 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1383 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1384 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1385 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1386 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1387 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1388 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1389 using ifconfig(8) like:
1391 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1393 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1396 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1398 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1399 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1400 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1401 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1402 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1405 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1406 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1409 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1410 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1411 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1412 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1413 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1414 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1417 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1418 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1421 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1422 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1423 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1427 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1428 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1429 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1432 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1433 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1436 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1437 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1438 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1441 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1442 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1443 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1446 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1447 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1448 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1449 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1450 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1453 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1454 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1455 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1456 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1457 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1460 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1461 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1462 may need to be adjusted.
1465 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1466 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1467 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1468 with routing sockets.
1471 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1472 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1473 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1476 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1477 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1478 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1482 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1483 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1484 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1487 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1488 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1489 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1490 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1491 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1492 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1493 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1494 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1496 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1497 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1498 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1499 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1500 authentication method is used.
1503 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1504 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1505 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1506 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1507 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1510 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1511 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1514 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1518 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1519 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1522 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1523 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1526 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1527 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1531 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1532 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1534 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1537 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1541 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1542 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1545 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1547 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1550 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1551 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1552 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1553 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1554 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1555 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1558 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1559 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1562 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1564 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1567 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1568 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1571 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1572 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1575 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1576 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1577 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1578 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1579 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1582 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1583 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1584 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1585 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1586 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1587 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1590 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1591 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1592 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1593 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1595 For kernel developers:
1597 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1598 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1599 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1601 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1602 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1603 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1604 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1606 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1607 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1608 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1609 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1610 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1611 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1612 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1613 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1614 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1615 multicast membership on-link.
1616 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1617 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1618 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1620 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1621 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1623 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1624 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1627 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1628 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1629 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1630 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1632 For application developers:
1634 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1637 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1638 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1640 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1641 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1642 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1643 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1645 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1646 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1647 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1648 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1649 Multicast Source Filters'.
1651 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1653 For systems administrators:
1655 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1656 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1657 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1658 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1659 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1661 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1662 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1664 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1665 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1666 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1667 recommended for optimal system performance.
1669 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1670 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1671 back forwarded datagrams.
1673 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1676 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1677 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1680 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1681 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1682 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1683 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1686 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1687 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1688 state will require a world rebuild.
1689 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1692 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1693 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1694 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1697 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1698 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1699 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1700 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1702 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1705 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1706 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1707 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1708 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1709 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1710 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1711 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1712 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1715 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1716 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1717 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1720 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1721 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1722 introduces some changes:
1724 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1725 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1726 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1728 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1729 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1730 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1731 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1733 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1734 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1735 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1738 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1741 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1742 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1743 (supported by sane).
1746 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1747 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1748 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1749 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1750 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1753 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1754 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1755 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1756 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1760 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1761 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1762 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1763 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1766 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1767 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1770 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1771 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1773 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1774 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1775 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1777 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1778 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1779 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1780 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1781 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1782 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1783 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1784 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1786 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1787 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1788 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1789 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1790 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1791 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1793 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1794 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1795 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1796 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1797 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1799 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1800 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1801 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1804 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1805 recompiled to reflect this.
1806 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1809 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1810 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1811 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1812 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1813 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1814 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1817 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1818 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1819 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1820 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1821 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1822 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1825 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1826 network device driver modules.
1829 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1830 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1833 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1834 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1835 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1836 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1837 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1841 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1842 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1843 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1847 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1848 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1850 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1851 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1852 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1855 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1856 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1857 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1858 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1859 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1860 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1862 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1863 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1865 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1866 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1869 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1870 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1871 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1874 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1875 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1876 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1877 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1881 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1882 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1885 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1886 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1887 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1888 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1889 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1890 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1893 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1894 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1895 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1896 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1899 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1900 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1901 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1902 in next mpd5.3 release.
1905 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1906 the base system (it was a port).
1909 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1910 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1913 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1914 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1915 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1916 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1917 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1918 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1919 none of the L2 information.
1922 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1923 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1925 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1927 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1931 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1932 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1933 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1934 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1937 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1938 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1939 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1940 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1941 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1945 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1946 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1947 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1948 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1951 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1954 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1955 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1956 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1957 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1958 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1964 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1965 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1969 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1970 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1971 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1972 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1973 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1974 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1975 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1978 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1979 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1980 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1981 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1982 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1985 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1991 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1993 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1994 cause compilation to fail.
1997 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
2000 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
2002 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
2003 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
2004 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
2005 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
2006 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
2007 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
2008 accepting the RSA key.
2010 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
2011 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
2014 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
2015 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
2016 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
2020 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
2021 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
2022 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
2024 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
2025 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
2026 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
2027 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
2028 use the new device names.
2030 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
2031 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
2032 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
2033 at the loader prompt:
2035 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
2036 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
2037 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
2038 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
2042 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2046 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2047 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2048 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2049 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2052 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2053 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2056 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2057 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2058 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2059 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2060 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2063 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2064 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2065 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2066 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2067 For example, change:
2068 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2071 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2072 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2073 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2074 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2076 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2077 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2078 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2081 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2082 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2083 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2084 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2085 other operation levels.
2088 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2089 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2090 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2091 compatibility with any prior release:
2093 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2094 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2095 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2098 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2099 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2100 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2101 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2102 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2106 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2107 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2108 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2109 with older hardware easier to do.
2112 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2113 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2116 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2117 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2118 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2122 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2126 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2127 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2128 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2129 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2130 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2131 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2132 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2133 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2134 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2135 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2136 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2137 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2140 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2141 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2142 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2145 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2146 functionality is the default now.
2149 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2150 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2151 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2152 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2153 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2155 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2156 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2157 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2160 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2161 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2162 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2163 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2164 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2165 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2166 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2167 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2168 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2169 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2173 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2174 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2175 used kproc_start()..
2176 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2177 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2178 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2187 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2188 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2189 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2190 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2191 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2192 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2193 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2195 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2196 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2197 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2198 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2199 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2201 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2202 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2203 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2204 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2205 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2207 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2208 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2209 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2210 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2214 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2217 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2218 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2220 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2222 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2223 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2224 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2226 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2230 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2231 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2232 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2234 make kernel-toolchain
2235 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2236 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2238 To test a kernel once
2239 ---------------------
2240 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2241 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2242 debugging information) run
2243 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2244 nextboot -k testkernel
2246 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2247 --------------------------------------------------------------
2248 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2249 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2250 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2252 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2253 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2254 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2259 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2261 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2262 -----------------------------------------------------------
2263 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2264 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2266 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2268 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2270 <reboot in single user> [3]
2277 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2278 --------------------------------------------------
2279 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2280 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2281 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2284 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2287 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2288 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2289 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2290 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2291 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2292 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2293 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2294 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2295 <reboot into current>
2296 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2297 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2301 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2302 ----------------------------------------------
2303 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2305 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2307 <reboot in single user> [3]
2314 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2315 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2316 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2317 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2318 the UPDATING entries.
2320 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2321 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2322 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2323 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2324 much fewer pitfalls.
2326 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2327 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2330 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2335 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2336 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2337 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2339 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2340 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2341 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2342 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2343 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2344 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2345 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2347 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2348 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2349 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2350 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2351 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2352 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2354 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2355 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2356 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2358 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2359 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2360 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2361 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2362 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2363 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2365 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2366 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2368 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2369 cvs prune empty directories.
2371 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2372 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2373 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2375 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2376 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2377 warn if it is improperly defined.
2380 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2381 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2382 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2383 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2384 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2386 Copyright information:
2388 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2390 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2391 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2392 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2394 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2395 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2396 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2397 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2398 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2399 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2400 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2401 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2402 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2403 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2404 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2406 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of