1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/makeworld.html
11 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
12 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
14 NOTE: FreeBSD has switched from gcc to clang. If you have trouble bootstrapping
15 from older versions of FreeBSD, try WITHOUT_CLANG to bootstrap to the tip of
16 stable/10, and then rebuild without this option. The bootstrap process from
17 older version of current is a bit fragile.
19 20160926 p29 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl [revised]
21 Fix OpenSSL regression introduced in SA-16:26.
23 20160923 p38 FreeBSD-SA-16:26.openssl
25 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites.
27 20160725 p37 FreeBSD-SA-16:25.bspatch
28 FreeBSD-EN-16:09.freebsd-update
30 Fix bspatch heap overflow vulnerability. [SA-16:25]
32 Fix freebsd-update(8) support of FreeBSD 11.0 release
33 distribution. [EN-16:09]
35 20160604 p36 FreeBSD-SA-16:24.ntp
37 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
39 20160531 p35 FreeBSD-SA-16:20.linux
40 FreeBSD-SA-16:21.43bsd
41 FreeBSD-SA-16:22.libarchive
43 Fix kernel stack disclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:20]
44 Fix kernel stack disclosure in 4.3BSD compatibility layer. [SA-16:21]
45 Fix directory traversal in cpio(1). [SA-16:22]
47 20160517 p34 FreeBSD-SA-16:18.atkbd
48 FreeBSD-SA-16:19.sendmsg
50 Fix buffer overflow in keyboard driver. [SA-16:18]
52 Fix incorrect argument handling in sendmsg(2). [SA-16:19]
54 20160504 p33 FreeBSD-SA-16:17.openssl
57 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilitites. [SA-16:17]
59 Fix memory leak in ZFS. [EN-16:08]
61 20160429 p32 FreeBSD-SA-16:16.ntp
63 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp.
65 20160316 p31 FreeBSD-SA-16:14.openssh-xauth
66 FreeBSD-SA-16:15.sysarch
67 FreeBSD-EN-16:04.hyperv
69 Fix OpenSSH xauth(1) command injection. [SA-16:14]
70 Fix incorrect argument validation in sysarch(2). [SA-16:15]
71 Fix Hyper-V KVP (Key-Value Pair) daemon indefinite sleep. [EN-16:04]
73 20160303 p30 FreeBSD-SA-16:12.openssl
75 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of OpenSSL.
77 20160130 p29 FreeBSD-SA-16:11.openssl
79 Fix OpenSSL SSLv2 ciphersuite downgrade vulnerability. [SA-16:11]
81 20160127 p28 FreeBSD-SA-16:09.ntp
82 FreeBSD-SA-16:10.linux
84 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-16:09]
86 Fix Linux compatibility layer issetugid(2) system call
87 vulnerability. [SA-16:10]
89 20160114 p27 FreeBSD-SA-16:07.openssh
91 Fix OpenSSH client information leak. [SA-16:07]
93 20160114 p26 FreeBSD-EN-16:02.pf
94 FreeBSD-EN-16:03.yplib
97 FreeBSD-SA-16:03.linux
98 FreeBSD-SA-16:04.linux
100 FreeBSD-SA-16:06.bsnmpd
102 Fix pf(4) generating bad TCP checksums. [EN-16:02]
103 Fix infinite loop in YP/NIS client library. [EN-16:03]
104 Fix remote denial of service in SCTP. [SA-16:01]
105 Update NTP to 4.2.8p5. [SA-16:02]
106 Fix kernel memory diclosure in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:03]
107 Fix kernel memory overwrite in Linux compatibility layer. [SA-16:04]
108 Fix crash in TCP MD5 signatures. [SA-16:05]
109 Fix insecure default permissions for snmpd.config. [SA-16:06]
111 20151205 p25 FreeBSD-SA-15:26.openssl
113 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities. [SA-15:26]
115 20151104 p24 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp [revised]
116 FreeBSD-EN-15:19.kqueue
119 Fix regression in ntpd(8) lacking support for RAWDCF reference
120 clock in 10.1-RELEASE-p23. [SA-15:25.ntp]
122 Fix kqueue write events never fired for files greater 2GB. [EN-15:19]
124 Fix applications exiting due to segmentation violation on a correct
125 memory address. [EN-15:20]
127 20151026: p23 FreeBSD-SA-15:25.ntp
129 Fix multiple NTP vulnerabilities. New NTP version is 4.2.8p4.
131 The configuration file syntax has been changed, thus mergemaster
132 run is recommended. Now the "kod" parameter requires "limited"
133 parameter. If the ntp.conf is not updated, the ntpd will run
134 successfully, but with KoD disabled.
136 20151002: p22 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind [revised]
137 Revised patch to address a regression that prevents NIS from working.
139 20150929: p21 FreeBSD-SA-15:24.rpcbind
141 Fix rpcbind(8) remote denial of service. [SA-15:24]
143 20150916: p20 FreeBSD-EN-15:18.pkg
145 Implement pubkey support for pkg(7) bootstrap. [EN-15:18]
147 20150825: p19 FreeBSD-SA-15:21.amd64
148 FreeBSD-SA-15:22.openssh
149 FreeBSD-EN-15:14.ixgbe
152 Fix local privilege escalation in IRET handler. [SA-15:21]
154 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:22]
156 Disabled ixgbe(4) flow-director support. [EN-15:14]
158 Fix insufficient check of unsupported pkg(7) signature methods.
161 20150818: p18 FreeBSD-SA-15:20.expat
163 Fix multiple integer overflows in expat (libbsdxml) XML parser.
166 20150805: p17 FreeBSD-SA-15:18.bsdpatch
167 FreeBSD-SA-15:19.routed
169 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability via ed(1).
172 Fix routed remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-15:19]
174 20150728: p16 FreeBSD-SA-15:14.bsdpatch
176 FreeBSD-SA-15:16.openssh
178 Fix patch(1) shell injection vulnerability. [SA-15:14]
180 Fix resource exhaustion in TCP reassembly. [SA-15:15]
182 Fix OpenSSH multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-15:16]
184 20150721: p15 FreeBSD-SA-15:13.tcp
186 Fix resource exhaustion due to sessions stuck in LAST_ACK state.
189 20150630: p14 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail [revised]
190 FreeBSD-EN-15:09.xlocale
191 FreeBSD-EN-15:10.iconv
193 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
195 Fix inconsistency between locale and rune locale states.
198 Improved iconv(3) UTF-7 support. [EN-15:10]
200 20150618: p13 FreeBSD-EN-15:08.sendmail
201 Improvements to sendmail TLS/DH interoperability. [EN-15:08]
203 20150612: p12 FreeBSD-SA-15:10.openssl
204 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:10]
206 20150609: p11 FreeBSD-EN-15:06.file
209 Updated base system file(1) to 5.22 to address multiple denial
210 of service issues. [EN-15:06]
212 Improved reliability of ZFS when TRIM/UNMAP and/or L2ARC is used.
215 20150513: p10 FreeBSD-EN-15:04.freebsd-update
218 Fix bug with freebsd-update(8) that does not ensure the previous
219 upgrade was completed. [EN-15:04]
221 Fix deadlock on reboot with UFS tuned with SU+J. [EN-15:05]
223 20150407: p9 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp [revised]
225 FreeBSD-SA-15:08.bsdinstall
226 FreeBSD-SA-15:09.ipv6
228 Improved patch for SA-15:04.igmp.
230 Fix multiple vulnerabilities of ntp. [SA-15:07]
232 Fix bsdinstall(8) insecure default GELI keyfile permissions. [SA-15:08]
234 Fix Denial of Service with IPv6 Router Advertisements. [SA-15:09]
237 Fix patch for SA-15:06.openssl.
239 20150319: p7 FreeBSD-SA-15:06.openssl
240 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:06]
242 20150225: p6 FreeBSD-SA-15:04.igmp
244 FreeBSD-EN-15:02.openssl
245 FreeBSD-EN-15:03.freebsd-update
247 Fix integer overflow in IGMP protocol. [SA-15:04]
249 Fix vt(4) crash with improper ioctl parameters. [EN-15:01]
251 Updated base system OpenSSL to 1.0.1l. [EN-15:02]
253 Fix freebsd-update libraries update ordering issue. [EN-15:03]
255 20150127: p5 FreeBSD-SA-15:02.kmem
256 FreeBSD-SA-15:03.sctp
258 Fix SCTP SCTP_SS_VALUE kernel memory corruption and disclosure
259 vulnerability. [SA-15:02]
261 Fix SCTP stream reset vulnerability. [SA-15:03]
263 20150114: p4 FreeBSD-SA-15:01.openssl
264 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL. [SA-15:01]
266 20141223: p3 FreeBSD-SA-14:31.ntp
267 FreeBSD-EN-14:13.freebsd-update
269 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in NTP suite. [SA-14:31]
270 Fix directory deletion issue in freebsd-update. [EN-14:13]
272 20141217: p2 FreeBSD-SA-14:30.unbound
273 Fix unbound remote denial of service vulnerability.
275 20141210: p1 FreeBSD-SA-14:27.stdio
276 FreeBSD-SA-14:28.file
278 Fix buffer overflow in stdio. [SA-14:27]
280 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
284 The ofwfb driver, used to provide a graphics console on PowerPC when
285 using vt(4), no longer allows mmap() of all of physical memory. This
286 will prevent Xorg on PowerPC with some ATI graphics cards from
287 initializing properly unless x11-servers/xorg-server is updated to
291 The libatf-c and libatf-c++ major versions were downgraded to 0 and
292 1 respectively to match the upstream numbers. They were out of
293 sync because, when they were originally added to FreeBSD, the
294 upstream versions were not respected. These libraries are private
295 and not yet built by default, so renumbering them should be a
296 non-issue. However, unclean source trees will yield broken test
297 programs once the operator executes "make delete-old-libs" after a
300 Additionally, the atf-sh binary was made private by moving it into
301 /usr/libexec/. Already-built shell test programs will keep the
302 path to the old binary so they will break after "make delete-old"
305 If you are using WITH_TESTS=yes (not the default), wipe the object
306 tree and rebuild from scratch to prevent spurious test failures.
307 This is only needed once: the misnumbered libraries and misplaced
308 binaries have been added to OptionalObsoleteFiles.inc so they will
309 be removed during a clean upgrade.
312 The ixgbe tunables now match their sysctl counterparts, for example:
313 hw.ixgbe.enable_aim => hw.ix.enable_aim
314 Anyone using ixgbe tunables should ensure they update /boot/loader.conf.
317 The NFSv4.1 server committed by r269398 changes the internal
318 function call interfaces used between the NFS and krpc modules.
319 As such, __FreeBSD_version was bumped.
322 The default unbound configuration has been modified to address
323 issues with reverse lookups on networks that use private
324 address ranges. If you use the local_unbound service, run
325 "service local_unbound setup" as root to regenerate your
326 configuration, then "service local_unbound reload" to load the
330 It is no longer necessary to include the dwarf version in your DEBUG
331 options in your kernel config file. The bug that required it to be
332 placed in the config file has bene fixed. DEBUG should now just
333 contain -g. The build system will automatically update things
334 to do the right thing.
337 Several ABI breaking changes were merged to CTL and new iSCSI code.
338 All CTL and iSCSI-related tools, such as ctladm, ctld, iscsid and
339 iscsictl need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
342 The WITHOUT_VT_SUPPORT kernel config knob has been renamed
343 WITHOUT_VT. (The other _SUPPORT knobs have a consistent meaning
344 which differs from the behaviour controlled by this knob.)
347 On i386 and amd64 systems, the onifconsole flag is now set by default
348 in /etc/ttys for ttyu0. This causes ttyu0 to be automatically enabled
349 as a login TTY if it is set in the bootloader as an active kernel
350 console. No changes in behavior should result otherwise. To revert to
351 the previous behavior, set ttyu0 to "off" in /etc/ttys.
354 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4.1 release.
357 Clang and llvm have been upgraded to 3.4 release.
360 If a Makefile in a tests/ directory was auto-generating a Kyuafile
361 instead of providing an explicit one, this would prevent such
362 Makefile from providing its own Kyuafile in the future during
363 NO_CLEAN builds. This has been fixed in the Makefiles but manual
364 intervention is needed to clean an objdir if you use NO_CLEAN:
365 # find /usr/obj -name Kyuafile | xargs rm -f
368 OpenSSH will now ignore errors caused by kernel lacking of Capsicum
369 capability mode support. Please note that enabling the feature in
370 kernel is still highly recommended.
373 OpenSSH is now built with sandbox support, and will use sandbox as
374 the default privilege separation method. This requires Capsicum
375 capability mode support in kernel.
378 The nve(4) driver for NVIDIA nForce MCP Ethernet adapters has
379 been deprecated and will not be part of FreeBSD 11.0 and later
380 releases. If you use this driver, please consider switching to
381 the nfe(4) driver instead.
387 The behavior of gss_pseudo_random() for the krb5 mechanism
388 has changed, for applications requesting a longer random string
389 than produced by the underlying enctype's pseudo-random() function.
390 In particular, the random string produced from a session key of
391 enctype aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 or aes256-cts-hmac-sha1-96 will
392 be different at the 17th octet and later, after this change.
393 The counter used in the PRF+ construction is now encoded as a
394 big-endian integer in accordance with RFC 4402.
395 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000701.
398 The WITHOUT_ATF build knob has been removed and its functionality
399 has been subsumed into the more generic WITHOUT_TESTS. If you were
400 using the former to disable the build of the ATF libraries, you
401 should change your settings to use the latter.
404 The default version of mtree is nmtree which is obtained from
405 NetBSD. The output is generally the same, but may vary
406 slightly. If you found you need identical output adding
407 "-F freebsd9" to the command line should do the trick. For the
408 time being, the old mtree is available as fmtree.
411 libbsdyml has been renamed to libyaml and moved to /usr/lib/private.
412 This will break ports-mgmt/pkg. Rebuild the port, or upgrade to pkg
413 1.1.4_8 and verify bsdyml not linked in, before running "make
415 # make -C /usr/ports/ports-mgmt/pkg build deinstall install clean
417 # pkg install pkg; ldd /usr/local/sbin/pkg | grep bsdyml
420 The rc.d/jail script has been updated to support jail(8)
421 configuration file. The "jail_<jname>_*" rc.conf(5) variables
422 for per-jail configuration are automatically converted to
423 /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf before the jail(8) utility is invoked.
424 This is transparently backward compatible. See below about some
425 incompatibilities and rc.conf(5) manual page for more details.
427 These variables are now deprecated in favor of jail(8) configuration
428 file. One can use "rc.d/jail config <jname>" command to generate
429 a jail(8) configuration file in /var/run/jail.<jname>.conf without
430 running the jail(8) utility. The default pathname of the
431 configuration file is /etc/jail.conf and can be specified by
432 using $jail_conf or $jail_<jname>_conf variables.
434 Please note that jail_devfs_ruleset accepts an integer at
435 this moment. Please consider to rewrite the ruleset name
439 BIND has been removed from the base system. If all you need
440 is a local resolver, simply enable and start the local_unbound
441 service instead. Otherwise, several versions of BIND are
442 available in the ports tree. The dns/bind99 port is one example.
444 With this change, nslookup(1) and dig(1) are no longer in the base
445 system. Users should instead use host(1) and drill(1) which are
446 in the base system. Alternatively, nslookup and dig can
447 be obtained by installing the dns/bind-tools port.
450 With the addition of unbound(8), a new unbound user is now
451 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
452 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
455 OpenSSH is now built with DNSSEC support, and will by default
456 silently trust signed SSHFP records. This can be controlled with
457 the VerifyHostKeyDNS client configuration setting. DNSSEC support
458 can be disabled entirely with the WITHOUT_LDNS option in src.conf.
461 The GNU Compiler Collection and C++ standard library (libstdc++)
462 are no longer built by default on platforms where clang is the system
463 compiler. You can enable them with the WITH_GCC and WITH_GNUCXX
467 The PROCDESC kernel option is now part of the GENERIC kernel
468 configuration and is required for the rwhod(8) to work.
469 If you are using custom kernel configuration, you should include
473 The API and ABI related to the Capsicum framework was modified
474 in backward incompatible way. The userland libraries and programs
475 have to be recompiled to work with the new kernel. This includes the
476 following libraries and programs, but the whole buildworld is
477 advised: libc, libprocstat, dhclient, tcpdump, hastd, hastctl,
478 kdump, procstat, rwho, rwhod, uniq.
481 AES-NI intrinsic support has been added to gcc. The AES-NI module
482 has been updated to use this support. A new gcc is required to build
483 the aesni module on both i386 and amd64.
486 The PADLOCK_RNG and RDRAND_RNG kernel options are now devices.
487 Thus "device padlock_rng" and "device rdrand_rng" should be
488 used instead of "options PADLOCK_RNG" & "options RDRAND_RNG".
491 WITH_ICONV has been split into two feature sets. WITH_ICONV now
492 enables just the iconv* functionality and is now on by default.
493 WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT enables the libiconv api and link time
494 compatability. Set WITHOUT_ICONV to build the old way.
495 If you have been using WITH_ICONV before, you will very likely
496 need to turn on WITH_LIBICONV_COMPAT.
499 INVARIANTS option now enables DEBUG for code with OpenSolaris and
500 Illumos origin, including ZFS. If you have INVARIANTS in your
501 kernel configuration, then there is no need to set DEBUG or ZFS_DEBUG
503 DEBUG used to enable witness(9) tracking of OpenSolaris (mostly ZFS)
504 locks if WITNESS option was set. Because that generated a lot of
505 witness(9) reports and all of them were believed to be false
506 positives, this is no longer done. New option OPENSOLARIS_WITNESS
507 can be used to achieve the previous behavior.
510 Timer values in IPv6 data structures now use time_uptime instead
511 of time_second. Although this is not a user-visible functional
512 change, userland utilities which directly use them---ndp(8),
513 rtadvd(8), and rtsold(8) in the base system---need to be updated
517 find -delete can now delete the pathnames given as arguments,
518 instead of only files found below them or if the pathname did
519 not contain any slashes. Formerly, the following error message
522 find: -delete: <path>: relative path potentially not safe
524 Deleting the pathnames given as arguments can be prevented
525 without error messages using -mindepth 1 or by changing
526 directory and passing "." as argument to find. This works in the
527 old as well as the new version of find.
530 Behavior of devfs rules path matching has been changed.
531 Pattern is now always matched against fully qualified devfs
532 path and slash characters must be explicitly matched by
533 slashes in pattern (FNM_PATHNAME). Rulesets involving devfs
534 subdirectories must be reviewed.
537 The default ARM ABI has changed to the ARM EABI. The old ABI is
538 incompatible with the ARM EABI and all programs and modules will
539 need to be rebuilt to work with a new kernel.
541 To keep using the old ABI ensure the WITHOUT_ARM_EABI knob is set.
543 NOTE: Support for the old ABI will be removed in the future and
544 users are advised to upgrade.
547 pkg_install has been disconnected from the build if you really need it
548 you should add WITH_PKGTOOLS in your src.conf(5).
551 Most of network statistics structures were changed to be able
552 keep 64-bits counters. Thus all tools, that work with networking
553 statistics, must be rebuilt (netstat(1), bsnmpd(1), etc.)
556 Fix targets that run multiple make's to use && rather than ;
557 so that subsequent steps depend on success of previous.
559 NOTE: if building 'universe' with -j* on stable/8 or stable/9
560 it would be better to start the build using bmake, to avoid
561 overloading the machine.
564 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
565 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
566 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
567 write access to that file.
570 CVS has been removed from the base system. An exact copy
571 of the code is available from the devel/cvs port.
574 Some people report the following error after the switch to bmake:
576 make: illegal option -- J
577 usage: make [-BPSXeiknpqrstv] [-C directory] [-D variable]
579 *** [buildworld] Error code 2
581 this likely due to an old instance of make in
582 ${MAKEPATH} (${MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX}${.CURDIR}/make.${MACHINE})
583 which src/Makefile will use that blindly, if it exists, so if
584 you see the above error:
586 rm -rf `make -V MAKEPATH`
591 Use bmake by default.
592 Whereas before one could choose to build with bmake via
593 -DWITH_BMAKE one must now use -DWITHOUT_BMAKE to use the old
594 make. The goal is to remove these knobs for 10-RELEASE.
596 It is worth noting that bmake (like gmake) treats the command
597 line as the unit of failure, rather than statements within the
598 command line. Thus '(cd some/where && dosomething)' is safer
599 than 'cd some/where; dosomething'. The '()' allows consistent
600 behavior in parallel build.
603 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
606 The WITHOUT_IDEA option has been removed because
607 the IDEA patent expired.
610 The sysctl which controls TRIM support under ZFS has been renamed
611 from vfs.zfs.trim_disable -> vfs.zfs.trim.enabled and has been
615 The mergemaster command now uses the default MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX
616 rather than creating it's own in the temporary directory in
617 order allow access to bootstrapped versions of tools such as
618 install and mtree. When upgrading from version of FreeBSD where
619 the install command does not support -l, you will need to
620 install a new mergemaster command if mergemaster -p is required.
621 This can be accomplished with the command (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster
625 Legacy ATA stack, disabled and replaced by new CAM-based one since
626 FreeBSD 9.0, completely removed from the sources. Kernel modules
627 atadisk and atapi*, user-level tools atacontrol and burncd are
628 removed. Kernel option `options ATA_CAM` is now permanently enabled
632 SOCK_CLOEXEC and SOCK_NONBLOCK flags have been added to socket(2)
633 and socketpair(2). Software, in particular Kerberos, may
634 automatically detect and use these during building. The resulting
635 binaries will not work on older kernels.
638 CTL_DISABLE has also been added to the sparc64 GENERIC (for further
639 information, see the respective 20130304 entry).
642 Recent commits to callout(9) changed the size of struct callout,
643 so the KBI is probably heavily disturbed. Also, some functions
644 in callout(9)/sleep(9)/sleepqueue(9)/condvar(9) KPIs were replaced
645 by macros. Every kernel module using it won't load, so rebuild
648 The ctl device has been re-enabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64,
649 but does not initialize by default (because of the new CTL_DISABLE
650 option) to save memory. To re-enable it, remove the CTL_DISABLE
651 option from the kernel config file or set kern.cam.ctl.disable=0
652 in /boot/loader.conf.
655 The ctl device has been disabled in GENERIC for i386 and amd64.
656 This was done due to the extra memory being allocated at system
657 initialisation time by the ctl driver which was only used if
658 a CAM target device was created. This makes a FreeBSD system
659 unusable on 128MB or less of RAM.
662 A new compression method (lz4) has been merged to -HEAD. Please
663 refer to zpool-features(7) for more information.
665 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
666 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
669 A BSD-licensed patch(1) variant has been added and is installed
670 as bsdpatch, being the GNU version the default patch.
671 To inverse the logic and use the BSD-licensed one as default,
672 while having the GNU version installed as gnupatch, rebuild
673 and install world with the WITH_BSD_PATCH knob set.
676 Due to the use of the new -l option to install(1) during build
677 and install, you must take care not to directly set the INSTALL
678 make variable in your /etc/make.conf, /etc/src.conf, or on the
679 command line. If you wish to use the -C flag for all installs
680 you may be able to add INSTALL+=-C to /etc/make.conf or
684 The install(1) option -M has changed meaning and now takes an
685 argument that is a file or path to append logs to. In the
686 unlikely event that -M was the last option on the command line
687 and the command line contained at least two files and a target
688 directory the first file will have logs appended to it. The -M
689 option served little practical purpose in the last decade so its
690 use is expected to be extremely rare.
693 After switching to Clang as the default compiler some users of ZFS
694 on i386 systems started to experience stack overflow kernel panics.
695 Please consider using 'options KSTACK_PAGES=4' in such configurations.
698 GEOM_LABEL now mangles label names read from file system metadata.
699 Mangling affect labels containing spaces, non-printable characters,
700 '%' or '"'. Device names in /etc/fstab and other places may need to
704 By default, only the 10 most recent kernel dumps will be saved. To
705 restore the previous behaviour (no limit on the number of kernel dumps
706 stored in the dump directory) add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
711 With the addition of auditdistd(8), a new auditdistd user is now
712 required during installworld. "mergemaster -p" can be used to
713 add the user prior to installworld, as documented in the handbook.
716 The sin6_scope_id member variable in struct sockaddr_in6 is now
717 filled by the kernel before passing the structure to the userland via
718 sysctl or routing socket. This means the KAME-specific embedded scope
719 id in sin6_addr.s6_addr[2] is always cleared in userland application.
720 This behavior can be controlled by net.inet6.ip6.deembed_scopeid.
721 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 1000025.
724 On i386 and amd64 systems WITH_CLANG_IS_CC is now the default.
725 This means that the world and kernel will be compiled with clang
726 and that clang will be installed as /usr/bin/cc, /usr/bin/c++,
727 and /usr/bin/cpp. To disable this behavior and revert to building
728 with gcc, compile with WITHOUT_CLANG_IS_CC. Really old versions
729 of current may need to bootstrap WITHOUT_CLANG first if the clang
730 build fails (its compatibility window doesn't extend to the 9 stable
734 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD kernel option has been removed. Its
735 functionality now turned on by default.
738 The ZERO_COPY_SOCKET kernel option has been removed and
739 split into SOCKET_SEND_COW and SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP.
740 NB: SOCKET_SEND_COW uses the VM page based copy-on-write
741 mechanism which is not safe and may result in kernel crashes.
742 NB: The SOCKET_RECV_PFLIP mechanism is useless as no current
743 driver supports disposeable external page sized mbuf storage.
744 Proper replacements for both zero-copy mechanisms are under
745 consideration and will eventually lead to complete removal
746 of the two kernel options.
749 The IPv4 network stack has been converted to network byte
750 order. The following modules need to be recompiled together
751 with kernel: carp(4), divert(4), gif(4), siftr(4), gre(4),
752 pf(4), ipfw(4), ng_ipfw(4), stf(4).
755 Support for non-MPSAFE filesystems was removed from VFS. The
756 VFS_VERSION was bumped, all filesystem modules shall be
760 All the non-MPSAFE filesystems have been disconnected from
761 the build. The full list includes: codafs, hpfs, ntfs, nwfs,
762 portalfs, smbfs, xfs.
765 The interface cloning API and ABI has changed. The following
766 modules need to be recompiled together with kernel:
767 ipfw(4), pfsync(4), pflog(4), usb(4), wlan(4), stf(4),
768 vlan(4), disc(4), edsc(4), if_bridge(4), gif(4), tap(4),
769 faith(4), epair(4), enc(4), tun(4), if_lagg(4), gre(4).
772 The sdhci driver was split in two parts: sdhci (generic SD Host
773 Controller logic) and sdhci_pci (actual hardware driver).
774 No kernel config modifications are required, but if you
775 load sdhc as a module you must switch to sdhci_pci instead.
778 Import the FUSE kernel and userland support into base system.
781 The GNU sort(1) program has been removed since the BSD-licensed
782 sort(1) has been the default for quite some time and no serious
783 problems have been reported. The corresponding WITH_GNU_SORT
787 The pfil(9) API/ABI for AF_INET family has been changed. Packet
788 filtering modules: pf(4), ipfw(4), ipfilter(4) need to be recompiled
792 The net80211(4) ABI has been changed to allow for improved driver
793 PS-POLL and power-save support. All wireless drivers need to be
794 recompiled to work with the new kernel.
797 The random(4) support for the VIA hardware random number
798 generator (`PADLOCK') is no longer enabled unconditionally.
799 Add the padlock_rng device in the custom kernel config if
800 needed. The GENERIC kernels on i386 and amd64 do include the
801 device, so the change only affects the custom kernel
805 The pf(4) packet filter ABI has been changed. pfctl(8) and
806 snmp_pf module need to be recompiled to work with new kernel.
809 A new ZFS feature flag "com.delphix:empty_bpobj" has been merged
810 to -HEAD. Pools that have empty_bpobj in active state can not be
811 imported read-write with ZFS implementations that do not support
812 this feature. For more information read the zpool-features(5)
816 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
817 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
818 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
821 The OpenSSL has been upgraded to 1.0.1c. Any binaries requiring
822 libcrypto.so.6 or libssl.so.6 must be recompiled. Also, there are
823 configuration changes. Make sure to merge /etc/ssl/openssl.cnf.
826 The following sysctls and tunables have been renamed for consistency
827 with other variables:
828 kern.cam.da.da_send_ordered -> kern.cam.da.send_ordered
829 kern.cam.ada.ada_send_ordered -> kern.cam.ada.send_ordered
832 The sort utility has been replaced with BSD sort. For now, GNU sort
833 is also available as "gnusort" or the default can be set back to
834 GNU sort by setting WITH_GNU_SORT. In this case, BSD sort will be
835 installed as "bsdsort".
838 A new version of ZFS (pool version 5000) has been merged to -HEAD.
839 Starting with this version the old system of ZFS pool versioning
840 is superseded by "feature flags". This concept enables forward
841 compatibility against certain future changes in functionality of ZFS
842 pools. The first read-only compatible "feature flag" for ZFS pools
843 is named "com.delphix:async_destroy". For more information
844 read the new zpool-features(5) manual page.
845 Please refer to the "ZFS notes" section of this file for information
846 on upgrading boot ZFS pools.
849 The malloc(3) implementation embedded in libc now uses sources imported
850 as contrib/jemalloc. The most disruptive API change is to
851 /etc/malloc.conf. If your system has an old-style /etc/malloc.conf,
852 delete it prior to installworld, and optionally re-create it using the
853 new format after rebooting. See malloc.conf(5) for details
854 (specifically the TUNING section and the "opt.*" entries in the MALLCTL
858 Big-endian MIPS TARGET_ARCH values no longer end in "eb". mips64eb
859 is now spelled mips64. mipsn32eb is now spelled mipsn32. mipseb is
860 now spelled mips. This is to aid compatibility with third-party
861 software that expects this naming scheme in uname(3). Little-endian
862 settings are unchanged. If you are updating a big-endian mips64 machine
863 from before this change, you may need to set MACHINE_ARCH=mips64 in
864 your environment before the new build system will recognize your machine.
867 Disable by default the option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE for all supported
871 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
872 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
873 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
874 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
875 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
876 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
879 The getifaddrs upgrade path broken with 20111215 has been restored.
880 If you have upgraded in between 20111215 and 20120209 you need to
881 recompile libc again with your kernel. You still need to recompile
882 world to be able to configure CARP but this restriction already
886 The set_rcvar() function has been removed from /etc/rc.subr. All
887 base and ports rc.d scripts have been updated, so if you have a
888 port installed with a script in /usr/local/etc/rc.d you can either
889 hand-edit the rcvar= line, or reinstall the port.
891 An easy way to handle the mass-update of /etc/rc.d:
892 rm /etc/rc.d/* && mergemaster -i
895 panic(9) now stops other CPUs in the SMP systems, disables interrupts
896 on the current CPU and prevents other threads from running.
897 This behavior can be reverted using the kern.stop_scheduler_on_panic
899 The new behavior can be incompatible with kern.sync_on_panic.
902 The carp(4) facility has been changed significantly. Configuration
903 of the CARP protocol via ifconfig(8) has changed, as well as format
904 of CARP events submitted to devd(8) has changed. See manual pages
905 for more information. The arpbalance feature of carp(4) is currently
906 not supported anymore.
908 Size of struct in_aliasreq, struct in6_aliasreq has changed. User
909 utilities using SIOCAIFADDR, SIOCAIFADDR_IN6, e.g. ifconfig(8),
910 need to be recompiled.
913 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
917 The option VFS_ALLOW_NONMPSAFE option has been added in order to
918 explicitely support non-MPSAFE filesystems.
919 It is on by default for all supported platform at this present
923 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
924 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
927 sysinstall has been removed
930 The stable/9 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
931 RELENG_9 branch in CVS.
934 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
935 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
936 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
937 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
938 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
939 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
940 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
941 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
942 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
943 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
946 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
947 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
948 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
949 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
952 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
953 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
954 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
955 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
957 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
958 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
959 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
962 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
963 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
964 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
965 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
968 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
970 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
971 The following sysctl is retired:
972 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
973 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
974 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
975 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
976 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
977 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
978 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
979 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
980 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
981 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
985 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
989 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
990 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
991 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
995 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
998 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
999 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
1000 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
1001 drivers need to be recompiled.
1003 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
1004 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
1005 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
1006 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
1010 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
1011 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
1014 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
1015 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
1016 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
1017 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
1018 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
1019 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
1020 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
1021 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
1022 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
1023 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
1024 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
1026 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
1028 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
1029 a diskless root fs use the old client.
1032 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
1033 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
1034 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
1035 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
1036 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
1037 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
1038 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
1039 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
1040 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
1041 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
1042 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
1043 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
1045 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
1046 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
1047 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
1048 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
1049 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
1050 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
1051 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
1052 them are parts of the cam module.
1054 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
1055 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
1056 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
1058 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
1059 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
1060 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
1065 , and instead add back:
1066 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
1067 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
1068 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
1069 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
1070 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
1073 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
1074 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
1075 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
1076 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
1077 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
1078 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
1081 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
1082 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
1083 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
1086 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
1087 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
1088 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
1089 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
1090 in order to use ath on everything else.
1092 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
1093 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
1096 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
1097 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
1098 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
1101 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
1102 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
1103 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
1104 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
1105 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
1106 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
1109 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
1110 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
1111 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
1112 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
1113 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
1115 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
1116 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
1119 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
1120 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
1121 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
1122 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
1123 The function remains undocumented.
1126 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
1127 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
1128 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
1129 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
1130 systems where the define is not present can check against
1131 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
1133 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
1134 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
1135 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
1136 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
1137 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
1138 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
1141 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
1142 the following warning:
1143 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
1144 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
1145 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
1146 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
1147 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
1148 install it on your system.
1150 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
1151 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
1152 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
1153 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
1156 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
1157 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
1158 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
1159 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
1163 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
1164 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
1165 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
1166 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
1167 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
1168 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
1169 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
1170 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
1171 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
1172 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
1173 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
1174 it, for example via:
1175 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
1177 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
1178 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
1179 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
1180 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
1181 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
1182 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
1183 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
1185 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
1186 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
1189 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
1190 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
1191 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
1192 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
1193 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1196 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
1197 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
1198 migrate local entries to the new format.
1201 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
1202 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
1206 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
1207 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
1208 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
1209 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
1210 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
1211 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
1214 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
1215 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
1217 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
1218 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
1219 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
1222 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
1223 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
1224 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
1225 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
1226 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
1228 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
1229 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
1230 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
1233 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
1234 now i386 and amd64 only.
1235 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
1236 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
1237 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
1238 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
1239 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
1240 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
1243 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
1244 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
1247 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
1248 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
1249 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
1250 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
1251 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
1252 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
1253 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
1254 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
1255 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
1256 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
1257 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
1260 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
1261 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
1262 machine powerpc powerpc
1264 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
1268 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
1269 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
1270 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
1271 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
1272 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
1275 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
1276 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
1277 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
1278 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
1279 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
1282 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
1283 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
1284 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
1285 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
1287 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
1288 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
1289 to unwanted behavior.
1292 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
1293 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
1294 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
1295 be modified accordingly.
1298 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
1299 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
1300 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
1301 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
1302 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
1303 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
1305 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
1306 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
1307 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
1310 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
1311 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
1312 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
1313 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
1314 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
1317 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
1318 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
1319 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
1322 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
1323 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
1324 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
1325 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
1326 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
1328 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
1329 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
1330 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
1332 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
1338 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
1339 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
1340 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
1341 operation of applications on the console.
1343 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
1344 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
1345 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
1348 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
1349 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
1350 performed by syscons(4).
1353 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
1354 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
1355 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
1357 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
1358 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
1362 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
1363 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
1364 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
1365 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
1366 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
1370 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
1371 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
1373 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
1374 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
1375 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
1377 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
1378 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
1380 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
1383 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
1384 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
1386 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
1387 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
1388 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
1390 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
1391 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
1392 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
1393 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
1394 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
1395 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
1396 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
1397 using ifconfig(8) like:
1399 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
1401 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
1404 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
1406 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
1407 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
1408 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
1409 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
1410 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
1413 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
1414 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
1417 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
1418 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
1419 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
1420 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
1421 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
1422 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
1425 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
1426 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
1429 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
1430 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
1431 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
1435 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
1436 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
1437 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
1440 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
1441 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
1444 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
1445 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
1446 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
1449 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
1450 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
1451 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
1454 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
1455 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
1456 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
1457 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
1458 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
1461 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
1462 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
1463 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
1464 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
1465 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1468 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
1469 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
1470 may need to be adjusted.
1473 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
1474 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
1475 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
1476 with routing sockets.
1479 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
1480 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
1481 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
1484 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
1485 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
1486 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
1490 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
1491 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
1492 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
1495 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
1496 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
1497 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
1498 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
1499 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
1500 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
1501 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
1502 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
1504 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
1505 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
1506 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
1507 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
1508 authentication method is used.
1511 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
1512 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
1513 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
1514 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
1515 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
1518 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
1519 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
1522 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
1526 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
1527 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
1530 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
1531 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
1534 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
1535 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
1539 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
1540 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
1542 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
1545 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
1549 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
1550 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
1553 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
1555 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
1558 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
1559 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
1560 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
1561 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
1562 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
1563 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
1566 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
1567 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
1570 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
1572 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
1575 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
1576 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
1579 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
1580 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
1583 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
1584 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
1585 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
1586 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
1587 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
1590 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
1591 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
1592 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
1593 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
1594 correctly checking networking state from userland.
1595 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
1598 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1599 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1600 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
1601 follows the IPv4 implementation.
1603 For kernel developers:
1605 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
1606 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
1607 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1609 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
1610 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
1611 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
1612 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
1614 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
1615 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
1616 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
1617 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
1618 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
1619 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
1620 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
1621 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
1622 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
1623 multicast membership on-link.
1624 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
1625 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
1626 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
1628 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
1629 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
1631 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
1632 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
1635 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
1636 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
1637 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
1638 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
1640 For application developers:
1642 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
1645 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
1646 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
1648 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
1649 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
1650 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
1651 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
1653 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
1654 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
1655 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
1656 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
1657 Multicast Source Filters'.
1659 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
1661 For systems administrators:
1663 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
1664 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
1665 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
1666 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
1667 returned by getifaddrs(3).
1669 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
1670 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
1672 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
1673 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
1674 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
1675 recommended for optimal system performance.
1677 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
1678 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
1679 back forwarded datagrams.
1681 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
1684 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
1685 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
1688 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
1689 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
1690 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
1691 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
1694 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
1695 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
1696 state will require a world rebuild.
1697 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
1700 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
1701 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
1702 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
1705 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
1706 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
1707 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
1708 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
1710 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
1713 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
1714 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
1715 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
1716 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
1717 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
1718 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
1719 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
1720 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
1723 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
1724 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
1725 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
1728 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
1729 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
1730 introduces some changes:
1732 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
1733 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
1734 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
1736 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
1737 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
1738 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
1739 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
1741 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
1742 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
1743 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
1746 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
1749 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
1750 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
1751 (supported by sane).
1754 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
1755 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
1756 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1757 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1758 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1761 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1762 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1763 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1764 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1768 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1769 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1770 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1771 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1774 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1775 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1778 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1779 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1781 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1782 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1783 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1785 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1786 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1787 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1788 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1789 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1790 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1791 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1792 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1794 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1795 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1796 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1797 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1798 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1799 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1801 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1802 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1803 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1804 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1805 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1807 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1808 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1809 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1812 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1813 recompiled to reflect this.
1814 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1817 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1818 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1819 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1820 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1821 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1822 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1825 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1826 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1827 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1828 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1829 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1830 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1833 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1834 network device driver modules.
1837 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1838 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1841 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1842 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1843 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1844 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1845 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1849 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1850 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1851 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1855 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1856 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1858 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1859 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1860 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1863 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1864 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1865 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1866 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1867 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1868 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1870 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1871 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1873 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1874 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1877 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1878 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1879 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1882 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1883 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1884 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1885 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1889 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1890 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1893 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1894 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1895 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1896 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1897 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1898 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1901 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1902 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1903 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1904 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1907 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1908 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1909 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1910 in next mpd5.3 release.
1913 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1914 the base system (it was a port).
1917 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1918 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1921 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1922 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1923 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1924 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1925 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1926 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1927 none of the L2 information.
1930 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1931 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1933 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1935 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1939 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1940 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1941 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1942 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1945 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1946 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1947 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1948 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1949 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1953 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1954 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1955 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1956 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1959 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1962 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1963 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1964 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1965 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1966 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1972 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1973 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1977 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1978 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1979 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1980 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1981 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1982 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1983 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1986 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1987 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1988 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1989 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1990 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1993 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1999 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
2001 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
2002 cause compilation to fail.
2005 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
2008 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
2010 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
2011 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
2012 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
2013 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
2014 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
2015 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
2016 accepting the RSA key.
2018 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
2019 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
2022 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
2023 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
2024 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
2028 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
2029 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
2030 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
2032 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
2033 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
2034 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
2035 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
2036 use the new device names.
2038 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
2039 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
2040 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
2041 at the loader prompt:
2043 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
2044 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
2045 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
2046 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
2050 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
2054 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
2055 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
2056 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
2057 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
2060 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
2061 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
2064 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
2065 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
2066 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
2067 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
2068 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
2071 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
2072 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
2073 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
2074 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
2075 For example, change:
2076 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
2079 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
2080 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
2081 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
2082 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
2084 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
2085 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
2086 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
2089 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
2090 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
2091 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
2092 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
2093 other operation levels.
2096 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
2097 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
2098 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
2099 compatibility with any prior release:
2101 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
2102 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
2103 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
2106 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
2107 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
2108 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
2109 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
2110 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
2114 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
2115 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
2116 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
2117 with older hardware easier to do.
2120 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
2121 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
2124 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
2125 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
2126 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
2130 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
2134 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
2135 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
2136 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
2137 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
2138 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
2139 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
2140 third-party software might fail to build after this change
2141 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
2142 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
2143 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
2144 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
2145 case that a portable fix is impossible.
2148 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
2149 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
2150 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
2153 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
2154 functionality is the default now.
2157 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
2158 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
2159 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
2160 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
2161 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
2163 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
2164 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
2165 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
2168 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
2169 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
2170 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
2171 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
2172 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
2173 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
2174 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
2175 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
2176 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
2177 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
2181 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
2182 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
2183 used kproc_start()..
2184 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
2185 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
2186 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
2195 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
2196 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
2197 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
2198 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
2199 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
2200 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
2201 several months have passed on the -current branch).
2203 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
2204 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
2205 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
2206 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
2207 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
2209 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
2210 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
2211 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
2212 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
2213 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
2215 When upgrading a live system, having a root shell around before
2216 installing anything can help undo problems. Not having a root shell
2217 around can lead to problems if pam has changed too much from your
2218 starting point to allow continued authentication after the upgrade.
2222 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
2225 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
2226 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
2228 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
2230 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
2231 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
2232 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
2234 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
2238 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
2239 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
2240 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
2242 make kernel-toolchain
2243 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2244 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2246 To test a kernel once
2247 ---------------------
2248 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
2249 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
2250 debugging information) run
2251 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
2252 nextboot -k testkernel
2254 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
2255 --------------------------------------------------------------
2256 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
2257 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
2258 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
2260 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
2261 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2262 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
2267 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
2269 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
2270 -----------------------------------------------------------
2271 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
2272 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
2274 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2276 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2278 <reboot in single user> [3]
2285 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
2286 --------------------------------------------------
2287 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
2288 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
2289 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
2292 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2295 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
2296 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
2297 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
2298 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2299 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
2300 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
2301 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
2302 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
2303 <reboot into current>
2304 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
2305 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
2309 To upgrade in-place from stable to current
2310 ----------------------------------------------
2311 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
2313 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
2315 <reboot in single user> [3]
2322 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
2323 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
2324 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
2325 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
2326 the UPDATING entries.
2328 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
2329 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
2330 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
2331 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
2332 much fewer pitfalls.
2334 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
2335 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
2338 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
2343 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
2344 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
2345 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
2347 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
2348 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
2349 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
2350 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
2351 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
2352 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
2353 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
2355 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
2356 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
2357 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
2358 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
2359 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
2360 from current before 20130425 or from -stable before 20130430.
2362 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
2363 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
2364 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
2366 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
2367 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
2368 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
2369 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
2370 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
2371 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
2373 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
2374 last time you updated your kernel config file.
2376 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
2377 cvs prune empty directories.
2379 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
2380 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
2381 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
2383 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
2384 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
2385 warn if it is improperly defined.
2388 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
2389 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
2390 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
2391 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
2392 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
2394 Copyright information:
2396 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
2398 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
2399 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
2400 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
2402 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
2403 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
2404 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
2405 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
2406 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
2407 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
2408 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
2409 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
2410 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
2411 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
2412 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
2414 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of