1 <!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//FreeBSD//DTD DocBook V4.1-Based Extension//EN" [
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11 <title>&os; &release.current; Release Notes</title>
13 <corpauthor>The &os; Project</corpauthor>
15 <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
28 <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">The &os; Documentation Project</holder>
31 <legalnotice id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
42 <para>The release notes for &os; &release.current; contain a summary
43 of the changes made to the &os; base system on the
44 &release.branch; development line.
45 This document lists applicable security advisories that were issued since
46 the last release, as well as significant changes to the &os;
48 Some brief remarks on upgrading are also presented.</para>
53 <title>Introduction</title>
55 <para>This document contains the release notes for &os;
57 describes recently added, changed, or deleted features of &os;.
58 It also provides some notes on upgrading
59 from previous versions of &os;.</para>
61 <![ %release.type.current [
63 <para>The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes
64 apply represents the latest point along the &release.branch; development
65 branch since &release.branch; was created. Information regarding pre-built, binary
66 &release.type; distributions along this branch
67 can be found at <ulink url="&release.url;"></ulink>.</para>
71 <![ %release.type.snapshot [
73 <para>The &release.type; distribution to which these release notes
74 apply represents a point along the &release.branch; development
75 branch between &release.prev; and the future &release.next;.
77 pre-built, binary &release.type; distributions along this branch
78 can be found at <ulink url="&release.url;"></ulink>.</para>
82 <![ %release.type.release [
84 <para>This distribution of &os; &release.current; is a
85 &release.type; distribution. It can be found at <ulink
86 url="&release.url;"></ulink> or any of its mirrors. More
87 information on obtaining this (or other) &release.type;
88 distributions of &os; can be found in the <ulink
89 url="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"><quote>Obtaining
90 &os;</quote> appendix</ulink> to the <ulink
91 url="&url.books.handbook;/">&os; Handbook</ulink>.</para>
95 <para>All users are encouraged to consult the release errata before
96 installing &os;. The errata document is updated with
97 <quote>late-breaking</quote> information discovered late in the
98 release cycle or after the release. Typically, it contains
99 information on known bugs, security advisories, and corrections to
100 documentation. An up-to-date copy of the errata for &os;
101 &release.current; can be found on the &os; Web site.</para>
105 <title>What's New</title>
107 <para>This section describes the most user-visible new or changed
108 features in &os; since &release.prev;.</para>
110 <para>Typical release note items document recent security
111 advisories issued after &release.prev;, new drivers or hardware
112 support, new commands or options, major bug fixes, or
113 contributed software upgrades. They may also list changes to
114 major ports/packages or release engineering practices. Clearly
115 the release notes cannot list every single change made to &os;
116 between releases; this document focuses primarily on security
117 advisories, user-visible changes, and major architectural
120 <sect2 id="security">
121 <title>Security Advisories</title>
123 <para>Problems described in the following security advisories have
124 been fixed. For more information, consult the individual
125 advisories available from
126 <ulink url="http://security.FreeBSD.org/"></ulink>.</para>
128 <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
130 <colspec colwidth="1*">
131 <colspec colwidth="1*">
132 <colspec colwidth="3*">
135 <entry>Advisory</entry>
143 <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:01.lukemftpd.asc"
144 >SA-09:01.lukemftpd</ulink></entry>
145 <entry>07 January 2009</entry>
146 <entry><para>Cross-site request forgery in
147 &man.lukemftpd.8;</para></entry>
151 <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:02.openssl.asc"
152 >SA-09:02.openssl</ulink></entry>
153 <entry>07 January 2009</entry>
154 <entry><para>OpenSSL incorrectly checks for malformed
155 signatures</para></entry>
159 <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:03.ntpd.asc"
160 >SA-09:03.ntpd</ulink></entry>
161 <entry>13 January 2009</entry>
162 <entry><para>ntpd cryptographic signature
163 bypass</para></entry>
167 <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:04.bind.asc"
168 >SA-09:04.bind</ulink></entry>
169 <entry>13 January 2009</entry>
170 <entry><para>BIND DNSSEC incorrect checks for
171 malformed signatures</para></entry>
175 <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:05.telnetd.asc"
176 >SA-09:05.telnetd</ulink></entry>
177 <entry>16 February 2009</entry>
178 <entry><para>telnetd code execution
179 vulnerability</para></entry>
183 <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:06.ktimer.asc"
184 >SA-09:06.ktimer</ulink></entry>
185 <entry>23 March 2009</entry>
186 <entry><para>Local privilege escalation</para></entry>
190 <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:07.libc.asc"
191 >SA-09:07.libc</ulink></entry>
192 <entry>04 April 2009</entry>
193 <entry><para>Information leak in &man.db.3;</para></entry>
197 <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:08.openssl.asc"
198 >SA-09:08.openssl</ulink></entry>
199 <entry>22 April 2009</entry>
200 <entry><para>Remotely exploitable crash in
201 OpenSSL</para></entry>
209 <title>Kernel Changes</title>
211 <para>The &man.ddb.8; kernel debugger now supports a
212 <command>show mount</command> subcommand.</para>
214 <para>The &os; DTrace subsystem now supports a probe for
215 process execution.</para>
217 <para arch="amd64">The &os; kernel virtual address space has
218 been increased to 6GB and the ceiling on the kmem map size
219 to 3.6GB. Note that the ceiling as a fraction of the kernel
220 map size rather than an absolute quantity.</para>
222 <para>The &man.jail.8; subsystem has been updated. Changes include:</para>
226 <para>Multiple addresses of both IPv4 and IPv6 per jail has
227 been supported. It is even possible to have jails without
228 an IP address at all, which basically gives one a chrooted
229 environment with restricted process view and no
234 <para>SCTP (&man.sctp.4;) with IPv6 in jails has been supported.</para>
238 <para>Specific CPU binding by using &man.cpuset.1; has been supported.</para>
242 <para>A <literal>show jails</literal> subcommand in
243 &man.ddb.8; has been added.</para>
247 <para>Compatibility support which permits 32bit jail
248 binaries to be used on 64bit systems to manage jails has
253 <para>Note that both version numbers of
254 <literal>jail</literal> and <literal>prison</literal> in
255 the &man.jail.8; have been updated for the new
260 <para>The &man.jail.8; subsystem now supports SCTP (&man.sctp.4;)
261 with IPv6 in jails.</para>
263 <para>The &man.kld.4; now supports installing 32-bit system
264 call to the &os; system call translation layer from kernel
267 <para>The &man.ktr.4; now supports a new KTR tracepoint in the
268 <literal>KTR_CALLOUT</literal> class to note when a callout
269 routine finishes executing.</para>
271 <para>Types of variables used to track amount of allocated
272 System V shared memory from <literal>int</literal> to
273 <literal>size_t</literal>. This makes it possible to use more
274 than 2 GB shared memory segments on 64-bit architectures.
275 Please note the new BUGS section in &man.shmctl.2; and
276 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename> for limitations of this
277 temporal solution.</para>
279 <para>The &os; 32-bit system call translation layer now
280 supports installing 32-bit system calls for
281 <literal>VFS_AIO</literal>.</para>
283 <para arch="amd64,i386">The &os; virtual memory subsystem now
284 supports Superpages. The Superpages is a feature in modern
285 CPUs that enables each entry in the TLB (translation lookaside
286 buffer) to map a large physical memory region into a virtual
287 address space. This provides possible memory savings for
288 applications that share large amounts of memory between the
289 address spaces and performance improvements due to fewer TLB
293 <title>Boot Loader Changes</title>
295 <para>The &man.boot.8; now supports 4-byte volume ID that
296 certain versions of &windows; put into the MBR and invoking
297 PXE by pressing F6 key on some supported BIOSes.</para>
299 <para>The &man.loader.8; is now able to obtain DHCP options
300 via &man.kenv.2; variables in the case of network boot.</para>
302 <para>A bug in the &man.loader.8; has been fixed. Now the
303 following line works as expected:</para>
305 <programlisting>loader_conf_files="<replaceable>foo</replaceable> <replaceable>bar</replaceable> ${<replaceable>variable</replaceable>}"</programlisting>
309 <title>Hardware Support</title>
311 <para arch="sparc64">The &os; now supports Ultra SPARC III
312 (Cheetah) family.</para>
314 <para>The &man.acpi.4; subsystem now supports a &man.sysctl.8;
315 variable <varname>debug.batt.batt_sleep_ms</varname>. On
316 some laptops with smart batteries, enabling battery
317 monitoring software causes keystrokes from &man.atkbd.4; to
318 be lost. This sysctl variable adds a delay in millisecond
319 to the status checking code as a workaround.</para>
321 <para>The &man.acpi.asus.4; driver now supports Asus A8Sr
324 <para arch="powerpc">Support for the AltiVec, a floating point
325 and integer SIMD instruction set has been added.</para>
327 <para>The &man.cpuctl.4; driver, which provides a special
328 device <filename>/dev/cpuctl</filename> as an interface to
329 the system CPU and functionality to retrieve CPUID
330 information, read/write machine specific registers (MSR) and
331 perform CPU firmware updates.</para>
333 <para>The &man.cpufreq.4; driver now supports a
334 <varname>hw.est.msr_info</varname> loader tunable. When
335 this set to <literal>1</literal>, it attempts to build a
336 simple list containing just the high and low frequencies if
337 it cannot obtain a frequency list from either ACPI or the
338 static tables. This is disabled by default.</para>
340 <para arch="amd64,i386">CPU frequency change notifiers are now
341 disabled when the TSC is P-state invariant. Also, a new
343 <varname>kern.timecounter.invariant_tsc</varname> has been
344 added to force this behavior by setting it to
347 <para>In the &man.pci.4; subsystem INTx is now disabled when
348 MSI/MSIX is enabled. This change fixes interrupt storm
349 related issues.</para>
351 <para arch="sparc64">The schizo(4) driver for Schizo
352 Fireplane/Safari to PCI 2.1 and Tomatillo JBus to PCI 2.2
353 bridges has been added.</para>
355 <para>A &man.sysctl.3; leaf node has a flag to tag itself as
359 <title>Multimedia Support</title>
361 <para>The &man.agp.4; now supports Intel G4X series graphics
364 <para>The DRM, a kernel module named Direct Rendering
365 Manager that gives direct hardware access to DRI clients,
366 has been updated. Support for AMD/ATI r500, r600, r700,
367 and IGP based chips, XGI V3XE/V5/V8, and Intel i915
368 chipsets has been improved.</para>
370 <para>A new loader tunable <varname>hw.drm.msi</varname>
371 which controls if DRM uses MSI or not. This is set to
372 <literal>1</literal> (enabled) by default.</para>
374 <para>The snd_au88x0(4) driver for Aureal Vortex
375 1/2/Advantage PCI has been removed because this was
376 broken for a long time.</para>
378 <para>The &man.snd.hda.4; driver has been updated. Changes
379 include: multiple codec per HDA bus, multiple functional
380 groups per codec, multiple audio devices per functional
381 group, digital (SPDIF/HDMI) audio input/output,
382 suspend/resume, and part of multichannel audio.</para>
384 <para>Note that due to added HDMI audio and logical audio
385 devices support, updated driver often provides several PCM
386 devices. In some cases it can make system default audio
387 device no longer corresponding to the users's habitual
388 audio connectors. In such cases the default device can be
389 specified in audio application setup or defined globally
390 via <varname>hw.snd.default_unit sysctl</varname>
391 as described in the &man.sound.4; manual page.</para>
395 <title>Network Interface Support</title>
397 <para>The &man.ae.4; driver now supports WoL
398 (Wake on LAN).</para>
400 <para arch="amd64,i386">The &man.ale.4; driver are now
401 included in the <filename>GENERIC</filename>
404 <para>The &man.ath.hal.4;, Atheros Hardware Access Layer,
405 has been updated to the open source version.</para>
407 <para>The &man.axe.4; driver has been improved in
408 performance by eliminating extra context switch and now
409 supports Apple USB Ethernet adapter.</para>
411 <para>The ciphy(4) driver now supports Vitesse VSC8211
414 <para>The &man.cxgb.4; driver now supports hardware MAC
417 <para>The &man.fxp.4; driver has been improved. Changes include:</para>
421 <para>The checksum offload feature can be controlled by
422 &man.ifconfig.8;.</para>
426 <para>Rx checksum offload support for 82559 or later
427 controllers has been added.</para>
431 <para>TSO (TCP Segmentation Offload) support for 82550
432 and 82551 controllers has been added.</para>
436 <para>WoL (Wake on LAN) support for 82550, 82551, 82558,
437 and 82559-based controllers has been added. Note that
438 ICH based controllers are treated as 82559, and 82557,
439 earlier revision of 82558, and 82559ER have no WOL
444 <para>VLAN hardware tag insertion/stripping support and
445 Tx/Rx checksum offload for VLAN frames support have
446 been added. Note that the VLAN hardware assistance is
447 available only on 82550 or 82551-based
452 <para>A bug in &man.igb.4; driver which prevents a tunable
453 <varname>hw.igb.ave_latency</varname> from working has
456 <para>The &man.jme.4; driver now supports newer JMicron
457 JMC250/JMC260 revisions.</para>
459 <para>The &man.msk.4; driver has been improved. An issue
460 which makes it hang up in a certain condition has been
461 fixed. A hardware MAC statistics support has been added
462 and users can get the information via sysctl variables
464 <varname>dev.msk.<replaceable>N</replaceable>.stats</varname>.</para>
466 <para>The &man.mxge.4; driver now supports some newer
467 revisions and 10GBASE-LRM and 10GBASE-Twinax media
470 <para>The &man.nfe.4; driver now supports hardware MAC
473 <para>The &man.re.4; driver has been improved. It now
474 detects the link status. A new loader tunable
475 <varname>hw.re.prefer_iomap</varname> to disable memory
476 register mapping. This tunable is <literal>0</literal>
477 for all controllers except RTL8169SC family.</para>
479 <para>The &man.rl.4; driver has been improved. It now
480 detects the link status and a bug which prevents it from
481 working on systems with more than 4GB memory has been
484 <para>A bug in &man.sis.4; on VLAN tagged frame handling has
487 <para>The &man.txp.4; driver now works on all supported
488 architecture. Also, &man.altq.4; support, WoL support,
489 checksum offload when VLAN enabled, better link state
490 change handling, a new sysctl variable
491 <varname>dev.txp.<replaceable>N</replaceable>.stats</varname>
492 for MAC statistics have been added. A new sysctl
494 <varname>dev.txp.<varname>N</varname>.process_limit</varname>
495 to control how many received frames should be served in Rx
496 handler (set to 64 by default and valid ranges are 16 to
497 128 in unit of frames) has been added. The firmware has
498 been updated to the latest version.</para>
502 <sect3 id="net-proto">
503 <title>Network Protocols</title>
505 <para>IPv4 source address selection for unbound sockets has
506 been implemented as follows:</para>
510 <para>If we found a route, use the address corresponding
511 to the outgoing interface.</para>
515 <para>Otherwise we assume the foreign address is reachable
516 on a directly connected network and try to find a
517 corresponding interface to take the source address
522 <para>As a last resort use the default jail address.</para>
526 <para>The TCP MD5 Signature Option (RFC 2385) for IPv6 has
527 been implemented in the same way it has been implemented for
530 <para>This also changes the semantics of selecting the IP for
531 processes within a &man.jail.8; as it now uses the same
532 logic as outside the &man.jail.8;.</para>
534 <para>The &man.jail.8; subsystem now supports start with a
535 specific route FIB.</para>
537 <para>The &man.ng.netflow.4; Netgraph node now supports
538 ability to generate egress netflow instead or in addition to
539 ingress. A <literal>NGM_NETFLOW_SETCONFIG</literal> control
540 message has been added to control the new functionality.</para>
542 <para>The &man.tap.4;, Ethernet tunnel software network
543 interface now supports <literal>TAPGIFNAME</literal>
544 character device ioctl. This is a convenient shortcut to
545 obtain network interface name using file descriptor for
546 character device.</para>
548 <para>The &man.tap.4; now supports
549 <literal>SIOCSIFMTU</literal> ioctl to set a higher MTU than
550 1500 (ETHERMTU). This allows &man.tap.4; device to be added
551 to a bridge, which requires all interface members to have
552 the same MTU, with an interface configured for jumbo
555 <para>The domains list for handling the list of supported
556 domains in the &man.unix.4; (UNIX domain protocol family)
557 subsystem is now MPSAFE.</para>
561 <title>Disks and Storage</title>
563 <para>The &man.ata.4; driver now supports Marvell PATA M88SX6121.</para>
565 <para>The &man.ataraid.4; driver now has an initial support
566 for DDF metadata found on Adaptec HostRAID controllers.
567 Note that spares and rebuilds are not supported yet.</para>
569 <para>The &man.cam.4; SCSI subsystem now supports a sysctl
570 variable <varname>kern.cam.cd.retry_count</varname>. This
571 controls the number of retries for the CD media. When
572 trying to read scratched or damaged CDs and DVDs, the
573 default mechanism is sub-optimal, and programs like
574 <application>ddrescue</application> do much better if you
575 turn off the retries entirely since their algorithms do it
576 by themselves. This value is set to <literal>4</literal>
577 (for a total 5 attempts) by default. Setting to 0 turns off
578 all retry attempts.</para>
580 <para>A bug in the &man.ciss.4; driver which caused low
581 <quote>max device openings</quote> count that has led
582 to poor performance has been fixed.</para>
584 <para>The &man.gpart.8; utility has been updated. The APM
585 scheme now supports Tivo Series 1 partitions (read only), a
586 new EBR scheme to support Extended Boot Records has been
587 added, the BSD scheme now support bootcode, and bugs in PC98
588 and VTOC8 scheme have been fixed.</para>
590 <para>An issue in the &man.gvinum.8; with access permissions
591 to underlying disks used by a gvinum plex has been fixed.
592 If the plex is a raid5 plex and is being written to, parity data might
593 have to be read from the underlying disks, requiring them to be opened for
594 reading as well as writing.</para>
596 <para>The &man.mmc.4; and &man.mmcsd.4; driver now support MMC
597 and SDHC cards, high speed timing, wide bus, and multiblock
600 <para arch="sparc64">The &man.mpt.4; driver is now in the
601 <filename>GENERIC</filename> kernel.</para>
603 <para>The &man.sdhci.4; driver has been added. This supports
604 PCI devices with class 8 and subclass 5 according to SD Host
605 Controller Specification.</para>
607 <para>The &man.sdhci.4; driver now supports kernel dumping and
608 a sysctl variable <varname>hw.sdhci.debug</varname> for debug
611 <para>The &man.mmc.4; &man.mmcsd.4;, and &man.sdhci.4; driver
612 are now included as a kernel module.</para>
616 <title>File Systems</title>
618 <para>The semantics of &man.acl.3; extended access control
619 list has been changed as follows:</para>
623 <para>The inode modification time (mtime) is not updated
624 when extended attribute are added, modified, or removed.</para>
628 <para>The inode access time (atime) is not updated
629 when extended attribute are queried.</para>
633 <para>The &os; NFS file system now supports a sysctl variable
634 <varname>vfs.nfs.prime_access_cache</varname> to determine
635 whether or not <function>nfs_getattr()</function> will use
636 an ACCESS RPC to prime the access cache instead of a simple
637 GETATTR RPC. This is because on many NFS servers an ACCESS
638 RPC is much more expensive to service than a GETATTR RPC for
639 files in a NFSv3 mount. The sysctl variables is enabled by
640 default to maintain the previous behavior.</para>
642 <para>The &os; UDF file system now supports fifo.</para>
644 <para>The shared vnode locking for pathname lookups in
645 &man.VFS.9; subsystem has been improved. This is disabled
646 by default. Setting a sysctl variable
647 <varname>vfs.lookup_shared</varname> to <literal>1</literal>
648 enables it for better performance. Note that the
649 <literal>LOOKUP_SHARED</literal> equivalent to the sysctl
650 variable kernel option has been removed.</para>
654 <sect2 id="userland">
655 <title>Userland Changes</title>
657 <para>A bug in the &man.atacontrol.8; utility which prevents it
658 from working when <filename>/usr</filename> is not mounted or
659 invoked from <filename>/rescue</filename>, has been
662 <para>The &man.btpand.8; daemon from NetBSD has been added.
663 This daemon provides support for Bluetooth Network Access
664 Point (NAP), Group Ad-hoc Network (GN) and Personal Area
665 Network User (PANU) profiles.</para>
667 <para>The &man.ncal.1; utility now supports multibyte
670 <para>The &man.config.8; utility now supports
671 multiple <varname>makeoption</varname> lines.</para>
673 <para>The &man.csup.1; utility now supports CVSMode to fetch a
674 complete CVS repository. Note that the rsync transfer mode is
675 currently disabled.</para>
677 <para>The &man.dirname.1; utility now accepts multiple arguments
678 in the same way that &man.basename.1; does.</para>
680 <para>The &man.du.1; utility now supports an <option>-l</option>
681 flag. When specified, the &man.du.1; counts a file with
682 multiple hard links as multiple different files.</para>
684 <para>The &man.du.1; utility now supports an <option>-A</option> flag
685 to display the apparent size instead of the disk usage. This can be
686 helpful when operating on compressed volumes or sparse files.</para>
688 <para>The &man.du.1; utility now supports a <option>-B
689 <replaceable>blocksize</replaceable></option> option to
690 calculate block counts in blocksize byte blocks. This is
691 different from the <option>-k</option>, <option>-m</option>
692 options or setting <varname>BLOCKSIZE</varname> and gives an
693 estimate of how much space the examined file hierarchy would
694 require on a filesystem with the given
695 <replaceable>blocksize</replaceable>. Unless in
696 <option>-A</option> mode, <replaceable>blocksize</replaceable>
697 is rounded up to the next multiple of 512.</para>
699 <para>The &man.dumpfs.8; utility now supports an
700 <option>-f</option> flag, which causes it to list all free
701 fragments in the file system by fragment (block) number. This
702 new mode does the necessary arithmetic to generate absolute
703 fragment numbers rather than than the cg-relative numbers
704 printed in the default mode.</para>
706 <para>If <option>-f</option> is passed once, contiguous fragment
707 ranges are collapsed into an X-Y format as free block lists are
708 currently printed in regular dumpfs output, but if specified twice,
709 all block numbers are printed individually, allowing both compact
710 and more script-friendly representation.</para>
712 <para>The &man.fetch.1; utility now supports an
713 <option>-i</option> flag which supports If-Modified-Since HTTP
714 1.1 request. If specified it will cause the file to be
715 downloaded only if it is more recent than the mtime of the
716 file. Also, <application>libfetch</application> now accepts
717 the mtime in the url structure and a flag to indicate when
718 this behavior is desired.</para>
720 <para>The &man.fsck.8; utility now supports a
721 <option>-D</option> flag for damaged recovery mode, which
722 will enable certain aggressive operations that can make
723 &man.fsck.8; to survive with file systems that has very
724 serious data damage, which is an useful last resort when on
725 disk data damage is very serious and causes &man.fsck.8; to
726 crash otherwise.</para>
728 <para>A bug in the &man.ipfw.8; utility which displays extra
729 messages for a NAT rule even when a <option>-q</option> flag
732 <para>The &man.ln.1; utility now supports a <option>-w</option>
733 flag to check if the source file actually exists. When the
734 flag is specified and the file does not exist, the &man.ln.1;
735 will put a warning message.</para>
737 <para>The &man.makefs.8; utility to create a file system image
738 from a directory tree has been added.</para>
740 <para>The &man.mergemaster.8; utility now supports an
741 <option>-F</option> option to automatically install files that
742 differ only in version control ID strings.</para>
744 <para>The &man.netstat.1; utility now reports &man.unix.4;
745 sockets listen queue statistics when an <option>-L</option>
748 <para>A bug in the &man.netstat.1; utility has been fixed. It
749 crashed with the following options in the previous
752 <screen>&prompt.user; netstat -m -N foo</screen>
754 <para>A bug in the &man.netstat.1; utility has been fixed. The
755 <option>-ss</option> now works in the icmp6 section as
758 <para>The &man.pciconf.8; utility now supports a
759 <option>-b</option> flag, which lists any base address
760 registers (BAR) that are assigned resources for each
763 <para>The &man.powerd.8; program has been improved. Changes
764 include reasonable CPU load estimation on SMP systems and a
765 new mode named as <literal>hiadaptive</literal> for AC-powered
766 systems which rises frequency twice faster, drops it 4 times
767 slower, prefers twice lower CPU load and has additional delay
768 before leaving the highest frequency after the period of
771 <para>The &man.stat.1; utility now displays an octal
772 representation of suid, sgid and sticky bits when an
773 <option>-x</option> flag is specified.</para>
775 <para>The &man.strndup.3; function has been added.</para>
777 <para>The &man.wc.1; utility now supports an <option>-L</option>
778 flag to output the number of characters in the longest input
781 <para>A bug in the &man.rpc.yppasswdd.8; program which leaves a
782 zombie process when a password or default shell is changed has
785 <sect3 id="rc-scripts">
786 <title><filename>/etc/rc.d</filename> Scripts</title>
793 <title>Contributed Software</title>
795 <para><application>ISC BIND</application> has been updated to
796 version 9.4.3-P2.</para>
798 <para>The timezone database has been updated from
799 the <application>tzdata2008h</application> release to
800 the <application>tzdata2009f</application> release.</para>
804 <title>Ports/Packages Collection Infrastructure</title>
806 <para>A bug in the &man.pkg.create.1; which prevents the
807 <option>-n</option> flag from working has been fixed.</para>
811 <title>Release Engineering and Integration</title>
813 <para>The supported version of
814 the <application>GNOME</application> desktop environment
815 (<filename role="package">x11/gnome2</filename>) has been
816 updated from 2.22 to 2.26.</para>
818 <para>The supported version of
819 the <application>KDE</application> desktop environment has
820 been updated from 3.5.10 (<filename
821 role="package">x11/kde3</filename>) to 4.2.2 (<filename
822 role="package">x11/kde4</filename>).</para>
826 <title>Documentation</title>
833 <title>Upgrading from previous releases of &os;</title>
835 <para arch="amd64,i386">Beginning with &os; 6.2-RELEASE, binary
836 upgrades between RELEASE versions (and snapshots of the various
837 security branches) are supported using the
838 &man.freebsd-update.8; utility. The binary upgrade procedure
839 will update unmodified userland utilities, as well as unmodified
840 GENERIC or SMP kernels distributed as a part of an official &os;
841 release. The &man.freebsd-update.8; utility requires that the
842 host being upgraded have Internet connectivity.</para>
844 <para>An older form of binary upgrade is supported through the
845 <command>Upgrade</command> option from the main
846 &man.sysinstall.8; menu on CDROM distribution media. This type
847 of binary upgrade may be useful on non-&arch.i386;,
848 non-&arch.amd64; machines or on systems with no Internet
851 <para>Source-based upgrades (those based on recompiling the &os;
852 base system from source code) from previous versions are
853 supported, according to the instructions in
854 <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
857 <para>Upgrading &os; should, of course, only be attempted after
858 backing up <emphasis>all</emphasis> data and configuration