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<article>
<articleinfo>
  <title>&os; &release.current; ·¢ÐÐ˵Ã÷</title>

    <corpauthor>&os; ÏîÄ¿×é</corpauthor>

    <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>

    <copyright>
      <year>2000</year>
      <year>2001</year>
      <year>2002</year>
      <year>2003</year>
      <year>2004</year>
      <year>2005</year>
      <year>2006</year>
      <year>2007</year>
      <year>2008</year>
      <year>2009</year>
      <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">&os; ÎĵµÏîÄ¿×é</holder>
    </copyright>

    <legalnotice id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
      &tm-attrib.freebsd;
      &tm-attrib.ibm;
      &tm-attrib.ieee;
      &tm-attrib.intel;
      &tm-attrib.microsoft;
      &tm-attrib.sparc;
      &tm-attrib.general;
    </legalnotice>

    <abstract>
      <para>Õâ·Ý &os; &release.current; µÄ·¢ÐÐ˵Ã÷£¬ ¸ÅÀ¨ÁË &os; »ù±¾ÏµÍ³ÔÚ
        &release.branch; ¿ª·¢ÏßÉÏËù×öµÄ¸Ä¶¯¡£
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        ¶ÔÔÚÉý¼¶Ê±ÐèҪעÒâµÄһЩÎÊÌ⣬ Ò²½øÐÐÁ˼òÂԵĽéÉÜ¡£</para>
    </abstract>
  </articleinfo>

  <sect1 id="intro">
    <title>½éÉÜ</title>

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      ÕÒµ½¡£</para>

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  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="new">
    <title>×îб䶯</title>

    <para>ÕâÒ»½ÚÃèÊöÁË &os; ×Ô &release.prev; ÒÔÀ´×îÃ÷ÏÔµÄй¦Äܺͱ仯¡£

    <para>ͨ³£Çé¿öÏ£¬ ·¢Ðаæ˵Ã÷ÎĵµÖлá½éÉÜ×Ô &release.prev; ÒÔÀ´Ëù·¢²¼µÄ°²È«¹«¸æ¡¢
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      ÒÔ¼°»ù±¾ÏµÍ³ÖÐÀ´×ÔµÚÈý·½µÄÈí¼þÉý¼¶¡£ ÖØÒªµÄ ports ºÍ packages ±ä¶¯£¬
      »ò¹ØÓÚ½»¸¶¹¤³ÌµÄ±ä¶¯Ò²»áÔÚÕâ·ÝÎĵµÖÐÌåÏÖ¡£ ÏÔ¶øÒ×¼ûµØ£¬
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    <sect2 id="security">
      <title>°²È«¹«¸æ</title>

      <para>ÕâÒ»°æ±¾ÖÐÐÞÕýÁËÏÂÁа²È«¹«¸æËùÖ¸Ã÷µÄÎÊÌâ¡£ ÈçÓûÁ˽â½øÒ»²½µÄÐÅÏ¢£¬
        Çë²ÎÔÄλÓÚ
        <ulink url="http://security.FreeBSD.org/"></ulink> µÄÍêÕû°²È«¹«¸æÄÚÈÝ¡£</para>

      <informaltable frame="none" pgwide="0">
        <tgroup cols="3">
          <colspec colwidth="1*">
          <colspec colwidth="1*">
          <colspec colwidth="3*">
            <thead>
              <row>
                <entry>¹«¸æ</entry>
                <entry>ÈÕÆÚ</entry>
                <entry>Ö÷Ìâ</entry>
              </row>
            </thead>

            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:01.lukemftpd.asc"
                              >SA-09:01.lukemftpd</ulink></entry>
                <entry>2009&nbsp;Äê&nbsp;01&nbsp;ÔÂ&nbsp;07&nbsp;ÈÕ</entry>
                <entry><para>&man.lukemftpd.8; ÖеĿçÕ¾ÇëÇóαÔìÎÊÌâ</para></entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:02.openssl.asc"
                              >SA-09:02.openssl</ulink></entry> 
                <entry>2009&nbsp;Äê&nbsp;01&nbsp;ÔÂ&nbsp;07&nbsp;ÈÕ</entry>
                <entry><para>OpenSSL ¶Ô¸ñʽ²»ÕýÈ·µÄÇ©Ãû¼ì²é´æÔÚÎÊÌâ</para></entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:03.ntpd.asc"
                              >SA-09:03.ntpd</ulink></entry>
                <entry>2009&nbsp;Äê&nbsp;01&nbsp;ÔÂ&nbsp;13&nbsp;ÈÕ</entry>
                <entry><para>ntpd ÃÜÂëѧǩÃûÈƹýÎÊÌâ</para></entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:04.bind.asc"
                              >SA-09:04.bind</ulink></entry>
                <entry>2009&nbsp;Äê&nbsp;01&nbsp;ÔÂ&nbsp;13&nbsp;ÈÕ</entry>
                <entry><para>BIND DNSSEC ¶Ô¸ñʽ²»¶ÔµÄÇ©Ãû¼ì²é´æÔÚÎÊÌâ</para></entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:05.telnetd.asc"
                              >SA-09:05.telnetd</ulink></entry>
                <entry>2009&nbsp;Äê&nbsp;01&nbsp;ÔÂ&nbsp;13&nbsp;ÈÕ</entry>
                <entry><para>telnetd ÈÎÒâ´úÂëÖ´ÐÐÎÊÌâ</para></entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:06.ktimer.asc"
                              >SA-09:06.ktimer</ulink></entry>
                <entry>2009&nbsp;Äê&nbsp;03&nbsp;ÔÂ&nbsp;23&nbsp;ÈÕ</entry>
                <entry><para>±¾µØÌØȨÌáÉýÎÊÌâ</para></entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:07.libc.asc"
                              >SA-09:07.libc</ulink></entry>
                <entry>2009&nbsp;Äê&nbsp;04&nbsp;ÔÂ&nbsp;04&nbsp;ÈÕ</entry>
                <entry><para>&man.db.3; ÖеÄÐÅϢй¶ÎÊÌâ</para></entry>
              </row>

              <row>
                <entry><ulink url="http://security.freebsd.org/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-09:08.openssl.asc"
                              >SA-09:08.openssl</ulink></entry>
                <entry>2009&nbsp;Äê&nbsp;04&nbsp;ÔÂ&nbsp;22&nbsp;ÈÕ</entry>
                <entry><para>OpenSSL Ô¶³Ì¿É´¥·¢µÄ±ÀÀ£ÎÊÌâ</para></entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
        </tgroup>
      </informaltable>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="kernel">
      <title>¶ÔÄں˵ĸĶ¯</title>

      <para>Äں˵÷ÊÔÆ÷ &man.ddb.8; ÐÂÔöÁË
        <command>show mount</command> ×ÓÃüÁî¡£</para>

      <para>&os; DTrace ×ÓϵͳÐÂÔöÁ˶ÔÓÚ½ø³ÌÖ´ÐеÄ̽²âµã (probe) Ö§³Ö¡£</para>

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        ×ÔÊÊÓ¦Ìæ»»¿ìÈ¡»º´æ (ARC) ÐèҪʹÓôóÁ¿µÄÄÚºËÄÚ´æÀ´»º´æÎļþϵͳÊý¾Ý£¬
        Òò¶ø»áÊÜÒæÓÚ¿ÉÓõØÖ·¿Õ¼äµÄÔö¼Ó¡£ Çë×¢Ò⣬ ÄÚºËÄÚ´æÓ³ÉäµÄ³ß´çÉÏÏÞÊÇ×ÜÁ¿µÄ
        60% ¶ø²»ÊÇÆäÈ«²¿¡£</para>

      <para>¶Ô &man.jail.8; ×Óϵͳ½øÐÐÁ˸üС£ ±ä¶¯°üÀ¨£º</para>

      <itemizedlist>
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          <para>Ö§³ÖÔÚÒ»¸ö jail ÉÏÖ¸¶¨¶à¸ö IPv4 ¼° IPv6 µØÖ·ÁË¡£
            ´ËÍ⣬ »¹Ö§³Ö²»ÔÚ jail ÉÏÅäÖÃÈκΠIP µØÖ·£¬
            ÕâÖÖÅäÖûù±¾ÉÏÏ൱Óڿɼû½ø³ÌÊÜÏÞÇÒûÓÐÍøÂçµÄ chroot »·¾³¡£</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>Ö§³ÖÔÚ jail ÖÐʹÓà SCTP (&man.sctp.4;) ºÍ IPv6 ÁË¡£</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
          <para>ʵÏÖÁËʹÓà &man.cpuset.1; À´Ö¸¶¨ CPU °ó¶¨¡£
            Çë×¢ÒâÄ¿Ç°µÄʵÏÖÔÊÐí jail Öеij¬¼¶Óû§¸Ä±ä CPU °ó¶¨£¬
            ÕâÒ»ÐÐΪ½«ÔÚδÀ´µÄ°æ±¾ÖÐÓèÒÔÐÞÕý¡£</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
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        </listitem>

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          <para> Ϊ &man.ddb.8; ÐÂÔöÁË <literal>show jails</literal> ×ÓÃüÁî¡£</para>
        </listitem>

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            ¹¤¾ß¹ÜÀí jail µÄÖ§³Ö¡£</para>
        </listitem>

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            <literal>jail</literal> ºÍ <literal>prison</literal>
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        ÓÃÒÔÃèÊö callout »Øµ÷Íê³ÉÖ´ÐС£</para>

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        BUGS ²¿·Ö£¬ ÒÔ¼°
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      <para>&man.sysctl.3; Ò¶½ÚµãÐÂÔöÁËÒ»¸ö±íʾÆäΪ MPSAFE µÄ±êÖ¾¡£</para>

      <para>&os; 32-λ ϵͳµ÷Ó÷­Òë²ãÐÂÔöÁËΪ
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          µÄ 4-×Ö½Ú ¾í ID£¬ ÒÔ¼°ÔÚһЩ֧³ÖµÄ BIOS ÉÏͨ¹ý°´ F6 À´Æô¶¯
          PXE µÄÖ§³Ö¡£</para>

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          »áÓöµ½µÄһЩÒýµ¼·½ÃæµÄÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

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          DHCP Ñ¡ÏîÁË¡£</para>

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      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="proc">
        <title>Ó²¼þÖ§³Ö</title>

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          ÒÔÈƹýÕâ¸öÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

        <para>&man.acpi.asus.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÖ§³Ö Asus A8Sr
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          Ö®¼äµÄÉ豸 <filename>/dev/cpuctl</filename> ×÷Ϊ½Ó¿Ú¡£
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          Fireplane/Safari to PCI 2.1 ºÍ Tomatillo JBus to PCI 2.2
          ÇÅµÄ schizo(4) Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¡£</para>

        <para>ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚ²ÉÓà USB ½Ó¿ÚµÄ 3G ¿¨ºÍÈí¼þ¹·µÄ &man.u3g.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò£¬
          ËüÖ§³Ö°üÀ¨ Vodafone Mobile Connect Card 3G¡¢ Qualcomm
          CDMA MSM¡¢ »ªÎª E220¡¢ Novatel U740¡¢ Sierra MC875U µÈÔÚÄÚµÄһϵÁÐÉ豸¡£
          ÕâÌṩÁ˶ԶàÖÖÓÉ 3G USB/PC Card
          µ÷Öƽâµ÷Æ÷ÌṩµÄ
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          Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÀ´Çý¶¯£¬ Æä½Ó¿ÚÀàËÆÓÚ &man.tty.4;¡£</para>

        <para>&man.sched.ule.4; µ÷¶ÈÆ÷ÐÂÔöÁËÒýµ¼¼ÓÔØÆ÷±äÁ¿
          <varname>machdep.hyperthreading_enabled</varname>£¬
          ÀàËÆ &man.sched.4bsd.4; ¶ÔÓ¦µÄ±äÁ¿¡£ ÐèҪעÒâµÄÊÇ£¬
          Õâ¸ö±äÁ¿ÔÚϵͳÔËÐйý³ÌÖв»Äܸı䡣</para>

        <sect4 id="mm">
          <title>¶àýÌåÖ§³Ö</title>

          <para>&man.agp.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÐÂÔöÁË¶Ô Intel G4X ϵÁÐͼÐÎоƬ×éµÄÖ§³Ö¡£</para>

          <para>¶Ô DRM£¬ Ö±½ÓäÖȾ¹ÜÀíÆ÷ÄÚºËÄ£¿é½øÐÐÁ˸üУ¬
            Õâ¸öÄ£¿éÄܹ»Ïò DRI ¿Í»§Ìṩֱ½Ó·ÃÎÊÓ²¼þµÄÄÜÁ¦¡£
            Õâ´Î¸üиĽøÁË¶Ô AMD/ATI r500¡¢ r600¡¢ r700¡¢
            ÒÔ¼°»ùÓÚ IGP µÄоƬ¡¢ XGI V3XE/V5/V8 ºÍ Intel i915
            оƬ×éµÄÖ§³Ö¡£</para>

          <para>ÐÂÔöÁËÒýµ¼¼ÓÔØÆ÷±äÁ¿ <varname>hw.drm.msi</varname>£¬
            ÓÃÓÚ¿ØÖÆ DRM ÊÇ·ñʹÓà MSI¡£
            ĬÈÏÅäÖÃÊÇ <literal>1</literal> (ÆôÓÃ)¡£</para>

          <para>ɾ³ýÁËÓÃÓÚ Aureal Vortex
            1/2/Advantage PCI µÄ snd_au88x0(4) Çý¶¯³ÌÐò£¬
            ºóÕßÒѾ­ºÜ³¤Ê±¼ä²»ÄÜʹÓÃÁË¡£</para>

          <para>¸üÐÂÁË &man.snd.hda.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¡£
            ÕâЩ¸üаüº¬ÁË¶Ô HDA ×ÜÏßÉ϶à¸ö±àÂë½âÂëÆ÷¡¢
            ͬһ±àÂë½âÂëÆ÷É϶à¸ö¹¦ÄÜ×é¡¢
            ͬһ¹¦ÄÜ×éÉ϶à¸öÒôƵÉ豸¡¢
            Êý×Ö (SPDIF/HDMI) ÒôƵÊäÈëÊä³ö¡¢
            ¹ÒÆð/»Ö¸´£¬ ÒÔ¼°²¿·Ö¶à¹ìÒôƵµÄÖ§³Ö¡£</para>

          <para>Çë×¢Ò⣬ ÓÉÓÚÐÂÔöµÄ HDMI ÒôƵºÍÂß¼­ÒôƵÉ豸֧³Ö£¬
            ¸üкóµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÐòͨ³£»áÌṩ¶à¸ö
            PCM É豸¡£ ÕâÒâζ×ÅijЩÇé¿öÏÂĬÈϵÄÒôƵÉ豸¿ÉÄܲ»ÔÙ¶ÔÓ¦ÓÚÓû§Ï°¹ßµÄÒôƵ¶Ë×Ó¡£
            ÕâÖÖÇé¿öÏ£¬ ¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÒôƵӦÓóÌÐòµÄÅäÖã¬
            »òͨ¹ýÉèÖà <varname>hw.snd.default_unit
            sysctl</varname> À´È«¾ÖµØ¼ÓÒԸı䣬
            ¾ßÌåϸ½ÚÏê¼ûÁª»úÊÖ²á &man.sound.4;¡£</para>
        </sect4>

        <sect4 id="net-if">
          <title>ÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚÖ§³Ö</title>

          <para>&man.ae.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÖ§³Ö WoL
            (Wake on LAN) ÁË¡£</para>

          <para arch="amd64,i386">&man.ale.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¼ÓÈëµ½ÁË
            <filename>GENERIC</filename> Äںˡ£</para>

          <para>&man.ath.hal.4;£¬ Atheros Ó²¼þ·ÃÎʲ㣬
            ¸üе½ÁË¿ª·ÅÔ´´úÂëµÄ°æ±¾¡£</para>

          <para>¶Ô &man.axe.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòµÄÐÔÄܽøÐÐÁ˸ÄÉÆ£¬
            Ïû³ýÁ˲»±ØÒªµÄÉÏÏÂÎÄÇл»£¬ ²¢¶Ô Apple USB
            ÒÔÌ«ÍøÊÊÅäÆ÷ÌṩÁËÖ§³Ö¡£</para>

          <para>½« &man.bce.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòµÄ¹Ì¼þ¸üе½ÁË×îа汾 (4.6.X)¡£</para>

          <para>ciphy(4) Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÄܹ»Ö§³Ö Vitesse VSC8211
            PHY ÁË¡£</para>

          <para>&man.cxgb.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¸üе½Á˹̼þ°æ±¾ 4.7£¬
            ²¢Ö§³ÖÓ²¼þ MAC ͳ¼ÆÁË¡£</para>

          <para>&man.fxp.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò½øÐÐÁ˸Ľø¡£ ¾ßÌå±ä»¯°üÀ¨£º</para>

          <itemizedlist>
            <listitem>
              <para>¿ÉÒÔʹÓà &man.ifconfig.8; À´¿ØÖÆУÑéºÍ offload ¹¦ÄÜÁË¡£</para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
              <para>ÐÂÔöÁË¶Ô 82559 ¼°¸üÐÂÐͺÅÍø¿¨µÄ Rx УÑéºÍ offload µÄÖ§³Ö¡£</para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
              <para>¼ÓÈëÁË 82550 ºÍ 82551 ¿ØÖÆÆ÷µÄ TSO (TCP ·ÖƬ Offload) Ö§³Ö¡£</para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
              <para>¼ÓÈëÁ˶ԻùÓÚ 82550¡¢ 82551¡¢ 82558¡¢
                ÒÔ¼° 82559 ¿ØÖÆÆ÷Íø¿¨µÄ WoL (Wake on LAN) Ö§³Ö¡£ Çë×¢Òâ»ùÓÚ
                ICH µÄ¿ØÖÆÆ÷»á×÷Ϊ 82559 ´¦Àí£¬ ¶ø 82557¡¢
                ½ÏÔç°æ±¾µÄ 82558 ÒÔ¼° 82559ER ²¢²»¾ß±¸ WoL ÄÜÁ¦¡£</para>
            </listitem>

            <listitem>
              <para>ÐÂÔöÁË VLAN Ó²¼þ±êÇ© ²åÈë/Ïû³ý Ö§³Ö£¬ ÒÔ¼°ÓÃÓÚ VLAN Ö¡µÄ
                Tx/Rx УÑéºÍ offload Ö§³Ö¡£ Çë×¢ÒâÓ²¼þ¸¨ÖúµÄ VLAN Ö»ÓÐÔÚ»ùÓÚ
                82550 »ò 82551 µÄ¿ØÖÆÆ÷ÉϲſÉÒÔʹÓá£</para>
            </listitem>
          </itemizedlist>

          <para>ÐÞÕýÁ˵¼ÖÂÒýµ¼¼ÓÔØÆ÷±äÁ¿ <varname>hw.igb.ave_latency</varname>
            ÎÞ·¨Õý³£¹¤×÷µÄ &man.igb.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòµÄÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

          <para>&man.ixgbe.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¸üе½ÁË 1.7.4 °æ±¾¡£</para>

          <para>&man.jme.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÐÂÔöÁ˶ԽÏÐ嵀 JMicron
            JMC250/JMC260 °æ±¾µÄÖ§³Ö¡£</para>

          <para>¶Ô &man.msk.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò½øÐÐÁ˸Ľø¡£ ÐÞÕýÁ˵¼ÖÂÆäÔÚijЩÇé¿ö϶ÏÏßµÄÎÊÌâ¡£
            ÐÂÔöÁËÓ²¼þ MAC ͳ¼ÆÖ§³Ö£¬ Óû§¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý sysctl ±äÁ¿
            <varname>dev.msk.<replaceable>N</replaceable>.stats</varname>
            À´»ñµÃÕâЩÊý¾Ý¡£</para>

          <para>&man.mxge.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÖ§³ÖһЩеÄÓ²¼þ£¬
            ÒÔ¼° 10GBASE-LRM ºÍ 10GBASE-Twinax ½éÖÊÀàÐÍÁË¡£</para>

          <para>&man.nfe.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÐÂÔöÁËÓ²¼þ MAC ͳ¼ÆÖ§³Ö¡£</para>

          <para>¶Ô &man.re.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò½øÐÐÁ˸Ľø¡£ ËüÄܹ»¼ì²âÁ´Â·×´Ì¬ÁË¡£
            ÐÂÔöµÄÒýµ¼¼ÓÔØÆ÷±äÁ¿
            <varname>hw.re.prefer_iomap</varname> Äܹ»¿ØÖÆÄÚ´æ¼Ä´æÆ÷Ó³ÉäÊÇ·ñ½ûÓá£
            Õâ¸ö±äÁ¿ÔÚ³ýÁË RTL8169SC ϵÁÐÖ®ÍâµÄÆäËû¿ØÖÆÆ÷ÉϵÄÔ¤ÉèÖµ¶¼ÊÇ
            <literal>0</literal>¡£</para>

          <para>¶Ô &man.rl.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò½øÐÐÁ˸Ľø¡£ ËüÄܹ»¼ì²âÁ´Â·×´Ì¬ÁË¡£
            ´ËÍ⣬ µ¼ÖÂËüÔÚÄڴ泬¹ý 4GB µÄϵͳÉÏÎÞ·¨Õý³£¹¤×÷µÄÎÊÌâÒ²µÃµ½ÁËÐÞÕý¡£</para>

          <para>ÐÞÕýÁË &man.sis.4; ¹ØÓÚ´ø VLAN ±êÇ©Ö¡´¦Àí·½ÃæµÄÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

          <para>&man.txp.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÄܹ»ÔÚËùÓÐÊÜÖ§³ÖµÄƽ̨ÉÏÔËÐÐÁË¡£
            ´ËÍ⻹¼ÓÈëÁË¶Ô &man.altq.4;¡¢
            WoL¡¢ ÆôÓà VLAN ʱµÄУÑéºÍ offload µÄÖ§³Ö£¬
            ²¢¸Ä½øÁËÁ´Â·±ä»¯´¦Àí¡£ ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚ·ÃÎÊ MAC ͳ¼ÆµÄ sysctl ±äÁ¿
            <varname>dev.txp.<replaceable>N</replaceable>.stats</varname>¡£
            ÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚ¿ØÖÆ Rx ´¦Àí³ÌÐòÿ´Î´¦ÀíÖ¡ÊýÁ¿µÄ sysctl ±äÁ¿
            <varname>dev.txp.<replaceable>N</replaceable>.process_limit</varname>
            (Ô¤ÉèֵΪ 64£¬ ¿ÉÒÔÔÚ 16 µ½ 128 Ö®¼äµ÷Õû£¬ µ¥Î»ÎªÖ¡)¡£
            ¹Ì¼þ¸üе½ÁË×îа汾¡£</para>
        </sect4>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="net-proto">
        <title>ÍøÂçЭÒé</title>

        <para>δ°ó¶¨ socket µÄ IPv4 Ô´µØÖ·Ñ¡ÔñÒÔÏÂÁз½Ê½ÊµÏÖ£º</para>

        <orderedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para>Èç¹ûÓзÓÉ£¬ ÔòʹÓÃÓëµØÖ·Ïà¹ØµÄ½Ó¿Ú×÷Ϊ·¢³ö½Ó¿Ú¡£</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>ÆäËûÇé¿öÏ£¬ ¼Ù¶¨Ô¶³ÌµØÖ·¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ýÖ±½ÓÁ¬½ÓµÄÍøÂçµ½´ï£¬
              ²¢¾Ý´Ë²éÕÒÔ´µØÖ·¡£</para>
          </listitem>

          <listitem>
            <para>¶¼²»³É¹¦Ê±£¬ ʹÓÃĬÈ쵀 jail µØÖ·¡£</para>
          </listitem>
        </orderedlist>

        <para>ÕâÒ²»á¸Ä±ä &man.jail.8; ÄÚ½ø³ÌÑ¡Ôñ IP µÄÓïÒ壬
          ÒòΪËü²ÉÓÃÓë &man.jail.8; ÒÔÍâ½ø³ÌÏàͬµÄÂß¼­¡£</para>

        <para>ÓÃÓÚ IPv6 µÄ TCP MD5 Ç©ÃûÑ¡Ïî (RFC 2385) ÒÔÓë
          IPv4 ÏàͬµÄ·½Ê½ÊµÏÖÁË¡£</para>

        <para>&man.ng.netflow.4; Netgraph ½ÚµãÔÚ ingress »ù´¡ÉÏÐÂÔöÁËÉú³É
         egress netflow µÄÖ§³Ö£¬ ²¢¿Éµ¥¶À»ò½áºÏʹÓᣠÕë¶Ô´ËÐÂÔö¹¦ÄÜ£¬
         ÐÂÔöÁË¿ØÖÆÏûÏ¢ <literal>NGM_NETFLOW_SETCONFIG</literal>¡£</para>

        <para>&man.tap.4; ÒÔÌ«ÍøËíµÀÈí¼þÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚÐÂÔöÁË <literal>TAPGIFNAME</literal>
          ×Ö·ûÉ豸 ioctl¡£ ËüÄܹ»·½±ãµØÈ¡µÃÒѾ­´ò¿ªµÄ×Ö·ûÉ豸Ëù¶ÔÓ¦µÄÍøÂç½Ó¿ÚÃû×Ö¡£</para>

        <para>&man.tap.4; ÐÂÔöÁË
          <literal>SIOCSIFMTU</literal> ioctl ÓÃÓÚÉèÖó¬¹ý
          1500 (ETHERMTU) µÄ MTU¡£ ÕâʹµÃ &man.tap.4; É豸Äܹ»¼ÓÈëµ½ÅäÖÃÁË jumbo
          Ö¡Ö§³ÖµÄÍøÇÅÉÏ (ÒòΪÍøÇųÉÔ±½Ó¿Ú±ØÐëʹÓÃͬÑùµÄ MTU)¡£</para>

        <para>ÓÃÓÚ´¦Àí &man.unix.4; (UNIX ÓòЭÒé×å) ×Óϵͳ֧³ÖµÄÓòµÄÓòÁбíÊÇ MPSAFE µÄÁË¡£</para>
      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="disks">
        <title>´ÅÅ̺ʹ洢</title>

        <para>&man.ata.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÐÂÔöÁË¶Ô Marvell PATA M88SX6121 µÄÖ§³Ö¡£</para>

        <para>&man.ata.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò»á½« nForce MCP67 ºÍ
          MCP73 SATA ¿ØÖÆÆ÷ÊÓ×÷ AHCI ÁË¡£</para>

        <para>&man.ataraid.4; ÐÂÔöÁ˶ÔÓÚ Adaptec HostRAID ¿ØÖÆÆ÷µÄ
          DDF ÔªÊý¾ÝµÄ³õ²½Ö§³Ö¡£ Çë×¢ÒâÄ¿Ç°»¹²»Ö§³ÖÈȱ¸Å̺ÍÖؽ¨²Ù×÷¡£</para>

        <para>&man.cam.4; SCSI ×ÓϵͳÐÂÔöÁË sysctl
          ±äÁ¿ <varname>kern.cam.cd.retry_count</varname>¡£
          ËüµÄ×÷ÓÃÊÇ¿ØÖÆ CD ½éÖʵÄÖØÊÔ´ÎÊý¡£ µ±¶ÁÈ¡»®ÉË»òÆÆËðµÄ CD ºÍ DVD ʱ£¬
          ĬÈϵĻúÖƹ¤×÷µÄ²»Ì«ºÃ£¬ ¶øÀàËÆ
          <application>ddrescue</application> ÕâÑùµÄ³ÌÐòÔڹرÕÁËÖØÊÔʱ£¬
          ÓÉÓÚ²ÉÓÃÁË×Ô¼ºµÄÖØÊÔËã·¨£¬ »á¿ìÐí¶à¡£ ĬÈÏÖµÊÇ <literal>4</literal>
          (±íʾһ¹²³¢ÊÔ 5 ´Î)¡£ ÉèΪ
          <literal>0</literal> ±íʾÍêÈ«¹Ø±ÕÖØÊÔ¡£</para>

        <para>ÐÞÕýÁË &man.ciss.4; Çý¶¯µÄµ¼ÖÂ
          <quote>max device openings</quote> µÍ£¬
          ²¢½ø¶øµ¼ÖÂÐÔÄܵÍϵÄÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

        <para>&man.glabel.8; GEOM class ÐÂÔöÁ˶ÔÒ»ÖÖ»ùÓÚ
          UFS µÄÃûΪ <literal>ufsid</literal> ±êÇ©µÄÖ§³Ö£¬
          ÕâÖÖ±êÇ©¿ÉÒÔÓÃÀ´±í´ïÎļþϵͳΨһ ID µÄÒýÓᣠÈç¹ûÆôÓã¬
          Îļþϵͳ ID »áÓÉ &man.glabel.8; GEOM À´²úÉúºÍʶ±ð¡£
          ÕâÀà±êÇ©µÄÐÎʽÀàËÆÓÚ£º
          <filename>/dev/ufsid/48e69c8b5c8e1b43</filename>¡£
          ʹÓÃÕâÀà GEOM ±êÇ©Äܹ»±ÜÃâÔÚ¸ü»»Çý¶¯Æ÷»ò¿ØÖÆÆ÷ʱÒýÖµÄÉ豸Ãû³Æ±ä»¯ÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

        <para>&man.gjournal.8; GEOM class Ö§³Ö¸ùÎļþϵͳÁË¡£
          ÔÚ֮ǰµÄ°æ±¾ÖУ¬ Èç¹û¹Ø±ÕϵͳûÓÐÖ´ÐÐÍêÕûµÄÍ£»ú²Ù×÷£¬
          ʹÓÃÁËÈÕÖ¾µÄ¸ùÎļþϵͳÔÚÏ´ÎÒýµ¼Ê±»áÎÞ·¨¹Ò½Ó¡£</para>

        <para>¸üÐÂÁË &man.gpart.8; ¹¤¾ß¡£ APM ·ÖÇø¸ñʽÐÂÔöÁ˶Ô
          Tivo Series 1 ·ÖÇøµÄÖ§³Ö (Ö»¶Á)£¬
          ÐÂÔöÁË EBR ¸ñʽÀ´Ö§³Ö Extended Boot Records£¬
          BSD ¸ñʽÐÂÔöÁ˶ÔÒýµ¼´úÂëµÄÖ§³Ö£¬ ²¢ÐÞÕýÁË
          PC98 ºÍ VTOC8 ¸ñʽ֧³ÖµÄһЩСÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

        <para>ÐÞÕýÁË &man.gvinum.8; ·ÃÎÊÓÉ gvinum plex ʹÓõÄÉ豸·ÃÎÊȨÏÞµÄÎÊÌâ¡£
          Èç¹û plex ×é³ÉÁË raid5 plex£¬ ÔÚдÈëÊý¾Ýʱϵͳ¿ÉÄܲ»µÃ²»¶ÁÈ¡ÆäϵĴÅÅÌ£¬
          ÕâʹµÃÕâЩ´ÅÅ̱ØÐëÒÔ¶Áд·½Ê½´ò¿ª¡£</para>

        <para>&man.hptmv.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¸üе½ÁËÀ´×Ô³§É̵Ä
          1.16 °æ±¾¡£</para>

        <para>&man.mmc.4; ºÍ &man.mmcsd.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÖ§³Ö MMC
          ºÍ SDHC ¿¨¡¢ ¸ßËÙʱÖÓ¡¢ ¿í×ÜÏßÒÔ¼°¶à¿é´«ÊäÁË¡£</para>

        <para arch="sparc64">&man.mpt.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¼ÓÈëµ½
          <filename>GENERIC</filename> ÄÚºËÁË¡£</para>

        <para>ÐÂÔöÁË &man.sdhci.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò¡£ ËüÖ§³Ö·ûºÏ SD
          Ö÷»ú¿ØÖÆÆ÷±ê×¼µÄ class 8¡¢
          subclass 5 µÄ PCI É豸¡£</para>

        <para>&man.sdhci.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÖ§³ÖÄں˱ÀÀ£×ª´æÁË£¬
          sysctl ±äÁ¿ <varname>hw.sdhci.debug</varname> Äܹ»µ÷Õûµ÷ÊÔÐÅÏ¢¼¶±ð¡£</para>

        <para>&man.twa.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÖ§³Ö 64-λ DMA ÁË¡£</para>

        <para>&man.mmc.4; &man.mmcsd.4; ÒÔ¼° &man.sdhci.4; Çý¶¯³ÌÐò£¬
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      </sect3>

      <sect3 id="fs">
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        <para>¶ÔÀ©Õ¹·ÃÎÊ¿ØÖÆÁбí &man.acl.3; µÄÓïÒå½øÐÐÁËÀ©Õ¹£¬
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        <itemizedlist>
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          </listitem>

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        <para>&os; NFS ÎļþϵͳÐÂÔöÁËÒ»¸ö sysctl ±äÁ¿
          <varname>vfs.nfs.prime_access_cache</varname> ÓÃÓÚ¿ØÖÆ
          <function>nfs_getattr()</function> ÊÇ·ñʹÓÃ
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          GETATTR RPC¡£ ÔÚÐí¶à NFS ·þÎñÆ÷ÉÏ£¬ NFSv3 ¹Ò½Óʱ£¬ ACCESS
          RPC µÄ¿ªÏúÒª±È GETATTR RPC ´óµÄ¶à¡£ ĬÈÏÇé¿öÏ£¬
          Õâ¸ö sysctl ÊÇÆôÓÃ״̬£¬ ÒÔ±£³ÖÏÈÇ°µÄÐÐΪ¡£</para>

        <para>&os; UDF Îļþϵͳ֧³Ö fifo ÁË¡£</para>

        <para>¸Ä½øÁË &man.VFS.9; ×ÓϵͳÖвéѯ·¾¶ÃûʱµÄ vnode ¹²ÏíËø¡£
          ĬÈÏÇé¿öÏÂÕâÒ»¹¦ÄÜÊǹرյġ£ ͨ¹ý½« sysctl
          <varname>vfs.lookup_shared</varname> ÉèΪ <literal>1</literal>
          Äܹ»ÆôÓÃÕâÒ»¹¦ÄÜ£¬ ²¢Ìṩ¸üºÃµÄÐÔÄÜ¡£ Çë×¢Ò⣬ ÄÚºËÑ¡Ïî
          <literal>LOOKUP_SHARED</literal> ±íʾÓÀ¾ÃÐÔÆôÓÃÕâÒ»¹¦ÄÜ£¬
          ´Ëʱ sysctl ±äÁ¿»á²»¸´´æÔÚ¡£</para>
      </sect3>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="userland">
      <title>Óû§Ì¬»·¾³±ä¶¯</title>

      <para>ÐÞÕýÁË &man.atacontrol.8; ¹¤¾ßÒ»´¦µ±
        <filename>/usr</filename> ûÓйҽÓʱ£¬
        »ò´Ó <filename>/rescue</filename> ÖÐÖ´Ðй¤¾ßʱµÄÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

      <para>´Ó NetBSD ÒýÈëÁË &man.btpand.8; ·þÎñ¡£ Õâ¸ö·þÎñÌṩÁË¶Ô Bluetooth Network Access
        Point (NAP)¡¢ Group Ad-hoc Network (GN) ºÍ Personal Area
        Network User (PANU) ÅäÖõÄÖ§³Ö¡£</para>

      <para>&man.ncal.1; ¹¤¾ßÖ§³Ö¶à×Ö½Ú×Ö·ûÁË¡£</para>

      <para>&man.config.8; ¹¤¾ßÖ§³Ö¶àÐÐ
        <varname>makeoption</varname> ÅäÖÃÁË¡£</para>

      <para>&man.csup.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÏÂÔØÍêÕû CVS ¿âµÄ CVSMode¡£
        Çë×¢Ò⣬ rsync ´«ÊäģʽĿǰÊǽûÓõġ£</para>

      <para>&man.dirname.1; ¹¤¾ßºÍ &man.basename.1; Ò»ÑùÄܹ»´¦Àí¶à¸ö²ÎÊýÁË¡£</para>

      <para>&man.du.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁË <option>-l</option>
        Ñ¡Ïî¡£ µ±Ö¸¶¨Õâ¸öÑ¡Ïîʱ£¬ &man.du.1; ¹¤¾ß»á½«Í¬Ò»ÎļþµÄ²»Í¬Ó²Á¬½ÓÊÓ×÷²»Í¬µÄÎļþ¡£</para>

      <para>&man.du.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁË <option>-A</option> Ñ¡Ï
        ±íʾÏÔʾ¿É¼û³ß´ç¶ø·Ç´ÅÅÌÉϵijߴ硣 µ±ÔÚѹËõ¾í»òÏ¡ÊèÎļþÉϽøÐвÙ×÷ʱ£¬
        Õâ¸öÑ¡Ïî»áÓÐËù°ïÖú¡£</para>

      <para>&man.du.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÖ¸¶¨¼ÆËã¿éÊýÁ¿Ê±¿é³ß´çµÄ <option>-B
        <replaceable>blocksize</replaceable></option> Ñ¡Ï ±íʾÒÔ
        <replaceable>blocksize</replaceable> ×Ö½Ú×÷Ϊһ¿éÀ´¼ÆËã¡£
        ÕâºÍ <option>-k</option> »ò <option>-m</option> Ñ¡Ï
        ÒÔ¼°ÉèÖà <varname>BLOCKSIZE</varname> µÄЧ¹û²»Í¬£¬ Ëü»á¸ø³öµ±Ê¹ÓÃ
        <replaceable>blocksize</replaceable> ʱÔÚÎļþϵͳ²ã´Î½á¹¹ÖÐËùʹÓõĿռä¹À¼Æ¡£
        ³ý·ÇʹÓÃÁË
        <option>-A</option> ģʽ£¬ <replaceable>blocksize</replaceable>
        »á×Ô¶¯ÏòÉÏÈ¡Õûµ½ÏÂÒ»¸ö 512 µÄÕûÊý±¶Êý¡£</para>

      <para>&man.dumpfs.8; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁË
        <option>-f</option> Ñ¡Ï ±íʾ°´ËéƬ (¿é)
        ±àºÅÁгöÎļþϵͳÖеÄÈ«²¿¿ÕÏÐËéƬ¡£
        Õâ¸öеÄģʽ»á¼ÆËã²¢Éú³É¾ø¶ÔµÄ¿ÕÏÐËéƬÊýÁ¿£¬
        ¶ø²»ÊÇĬÈÏģʽÖÐÖùÃæ×éÔªÊý¾ÝÖеÄÏà¶ÔÊýÄ¿¡£</para>

      <para>Èç¹ûÖ¸¶¨ÁËÒ»´Î <option>-f</option>£¬
        Á¬ÐøµÄ¿ÕÏÐÇøÓò»á±í´ïΪ X-Y µÄÐÎʽ£¬ ÀàËÆÓÚÄ¿Ç°¿ÕÏпéµÄÏÔʾ·½Ê½¡£
        Èç¹ûÖ¸¶¨Á½´Î£¬ Ôòÿ¸ö¿ÕÏп鶼»áÏÔʾ³öÀ´£¬
        ÕâʹµÃ¹¤¾ßÄܹ»Í¬Ê±Éú³É¾«¼ò¸ñʽºÍÊʺϽű¾´¦ÀíµÄ¸ñʽ¡£</para>

      <para>&man.fetch.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁË
        <option>-i</option> ²ÎÊýÓÃÒÔÖ§³Ö HTTP 1.1 ÇëÇóÖÐµÄ If-Modified-Since¡£
        Ö¸¶¨´ËÑ¡Ïîʱ£¬ Ö»Óе±Ô¶³ÌÎļþ±È±¾µØÎļþµÄ mtime ¸üÐÂʱ²Å»áÕæÕýÏÂÔØ¡£
        ÁíÍ⣬ <application>libfetch</application> ÏÖÔÚÖ§³ÖÔÚ url
        ½á¹¹ÖÐÖ¸¶¨ mtime£¬ ²¢Ôö¼ÓÁËÒ»¸ö±êÖ¾À´±í´ïÐèҪʹÓÃÕâÖÖ¹¦ÄÜ¡£</para>

      <para>&man.fsck.8; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁ˱íʾ <literal>check clean</literal> µÄ
        <option>-C</option> ²ÎÊý¡£ ÕâÖÖģʽÏ£¬ µ±Éϴβ»ÊÇÕý³£Ð¶ÏÂÎļþϵͳʱ£¬
        ²Å»á½øÐÐÍêÕûµÄ¼ì²é£¬ ·´Ö®ÔòÌø¹ý¼ì²é¡£</para>

      <para>&man.fsck.8; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚ¹ÊÕϻָ´µÄ
        <option>-D</option> Ñ¡Ï ͨ¹ý²ÉÓøüΪ¼¤½øµÄ²Ù×÷£¬ ËüÄÜÈÃ
        &man.fsck.8; ÔÚ·¢ÉúÑÏÖØÊý¾ÝËð»ÙµÄÎļþϵͳÉϳÖÐøÔËÐС£
        µ±´ÅÅÌÊý¾Ý·¢ÉúÑÏÖØË𻵲¢µ¼Ö &man.fsck.8; ±ÀÀ£Ê±£¬
        ÕâÖÖģʽ¿ÉÒÔ×÷Ϊ×îºóµÄ·½·¨Ê¹Óá£</para>

      <para>&man.getaddrinfo.3; º¯ÊýÖ§³Ö SCTP ÁË¡£</para>

      <para>ÐÞÕýÁË &man.ipfw.8; ¹¤¾ßµÄÒ»´¦µ¼ÖÂÔÚÖ¸¶¨ÁË <option>-q</option>
        Ñ¡Ïîʱ£¬ ÈÔÔÚÕë¶Ô NAT ¹æÔòµÄ²Ù×÷ÖÐÏÔʾ¶àÓàÐÅÏ¢µÄÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

      <para>&man.ln.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚ¼ì²âÔ­ÎļþÊÇ·ñ´æÔÚµÄ <option>-w</option>
        Ñ¡Ïî¡£ µ±Ö¸¶¨ÁËÕâ¸öÑ¡Ïî¶øÔ­Îļþ²»´æÔÚʱ£¬ &man.ln.1; »á¸ø³ö¾¯¸æ¡£</para>

      <para>&man.make.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÏÔʾÊäÈëͼ£¬ ¶ø²»Ö´ÐÐÈκÎÃüÁîµÄ
        <option>-p</option> Ñ¡Ï ÆäÊä³öÓë
        <option>-d g1</option> Ïàͬ¡£ µ±ÅäºÏ <option>-f
        /dev/null</option> ʹÓÃʱ£¬ ÔòÖ»ÏÔʾÄÚ½¨µÄ¹æÔò¡£</para>

      <para>&man.make.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁË×èÖ¹ÏÔʾÎļþ±êÌâµÄ
        <option>-Q</option> Ñ¡Ï Æä×÷ÓÃÓë
        <option>-q</option> ºÍ <option>-j</option> ²ÎÊýͬʱָ¶¨Ê±Ïàͬ¡£</para>

      <para>&man.make.1; ÐÂÔöÁ˶Ô
        <varname>.MAKE.JOB.PREFIX</varname> ±äÁ¿µÄÖ§³Ö¡£ Èç¹ûÖ¸¶¨ÁË
        <option>-j</option> ºÍ <option>-v</option>£¬
        Ôòÿ¸öÁª±àÄ¿±êÊä³ö֮ǰ»áÏÔʾ <literal>---
          <replaceable>target</replaceable> ---</literal>£¬
        Õⲿ·ÖÊä³öÊÜÕâ¸ö±äÁ¿¿ØÖÆ¡£</para>

      <para>&man.make.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁË
        <varname>.MAKE.PID</varname> ºÍ <varname>.MAKE.PPID</varname>
        ±äÁ¿µÄÖ§³Ö¡£ ÕâÁ½¸ö±äÁ¿·Ö±ð»á±»ÉèΪ &man.make.1;
        µÄ½ø³Ì ID£¬ ÒÔ¼°Æ丸½ø³ÌµÄ ID¡£</para>

      <para>ÐÂÔöÁË´ÓĿ¼´´½¨ÎļþϵͳӳÏñµÄ &man.makefs.8; ¹¤¾ß¡£</para>

      <para>&man.mergemaster.8; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÖ±½Ó°²×°Ö»Óа汾¿ØÖÆ ID ×Ö·û´®²»Í¬µÄÎļþµÄ
        <option>-F</option> Ñ¡Ïî¡£</para>

      <para>&man.mount.8; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁË <option>-o
        mountprog=<replaceable>/somewhere/mount_xxx</replaceable></option>
        Ñ¡Ï ÓÃÓÚÇ¿ÖÆÖ¸¶¨Ê¹ÓÃij¸ö³ÌÐò£¬ ¶ø²»ÊÇÖ±½Óµ÷Óà &man.nmount.2;
        À´¹Ò½ÓÎļþϵͳ¡£ µäÐ͵ÄÓ÷¨ÊÇÅäºÏÀàËÆ
        FUSE ÕâÑùµÄµÚÈý·½³ÌÐòʹÓá£</para>

      <para>&man.netstat.1; ¹¤¾ßÔÚÖ¸¶¨ÁË <option>-L</option>
        ¿ª¹Øʱ£¬ Äܹ»±¨¸æ &man.unix.4;
        sockets µÄ¼àÌý¶ÓÁÐͳ¼ÆÁË¡£</para>

      <para>ÐÞÕýÁËÏÈÇ°°æ±¾ &man.netstat.1; ¹¤¾ßʹÓÃÏÂÁÐÑ¡ÏîʱµÄ±ÀÀ£ÎÊÌ⣺</para>

      <screen>&prompt.user; netstat -m -N foo</screen>

      <para>ÐÞÕýÁË &man.netstat.1; ¹¤¾ßÖе¼ÖÂ
        <option>-ss</option> ÎÞ·¨ÕýÈ·ÏÔʾ icmp6 ²¿·ÖµÄÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

      <para>&man.pciconf.8; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁË
        <option>-b</option> ¿ª¹Ø£¬ ±íʾÁгöΪÿ¸öÉ豸Ëù·ÖÅäµÄ»ùµØÖ·¼Ä´æÆ÷ (BAR)¡£</para>

      <para>¶Ô &man.powerd.8; ³ÌÐò½øÐÐÁ˸Ľø¡£ ÕâЩ±ä¶¯°üÀ¨ÔÚ SMP
        ϵͳÖÐ¶Ô CPU ¸ºÔؽøÐÐÕýÈ·¹À¼Æ£¬ ÒÔ¼°ÅäºÏ½»Á÷µçԴʹÓõÄÐÂģʽ
        <literal>hiadaptive</literal>¡£ <literal>hiadaptive</literal> ģʽ½«
        CPU ƵÂʵ÷ÕûΪ <literal>adaptive</literal> µÄÁ½±¶£¬
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        ²¢ÑÓ³ÙÔÚ×î´ó¸ºÔØÖ®ºóÀ뿪×î¸ßƵÂʵÄʱ¼ä¡£</para>

      <para>Ö¸¶¨ <option>-x</option> ¿ª¹Øʱ£¬ &man.stat.1;
        ¹¤¾ßÄܹ»Ò԰˽øÖƱíʾ suid¡¢ sgid ºÍ sticky
        λÁË¡£</para>

      <para>ÐÂÔöÁË &man.strndup.3; º¯Êý¡£</para>

      <para>&man.wc.1; ¹¤¾ßÐÂÔöÁËÓÃÓÚÊä³öÎļþÖÐ×һÐг¤¶ÈµÄ <option>-L</option>
        ¿ª¹Ø¡£</para>

      <para>ÐÞÕýÁ˵¼Ö &man.rpc.yppasswdd.8; ³ÌÐòÔÚÐ޸ĿÚÁî»òĬÈÏ shell
        ʱÁôÏÂÒ»¸ö½©Ê¬½ø³ÌµÄÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

<!--
      <sect3 id="rc-scripts">
        <title><filename>/etc/rc.d</filename> ½Å±¾</title>

        <para></para>
      </sect3>
-->
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="contrib">
      <title>»ù±¾ÏµÍ³ÖеĵÚÈý·½Èí¼þ</title>

      <para><application>ISC BIND</application> ¸üе½ÁË 9.4.3-P2 °æ¡£</para>

      <para>ʱÇøÊý¾Ý¿â´Ó <application>tzdata2008h</application> °æÉý¼¶µ½ÁË
        <application>tzdata2009f</application> °æ¡£</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="ports">
      <title>Ports/Packages Ì×¼þ»ù´¡ÉèÊ©</title>

      <para>ÐÞÕýÁ˵¼Ö &man.pkg.create.1; ¹¤¾ßµÄ <option>-n</option>
        ¿ª¹ØÎÞ·¨Õý³£¹¤×÷µÄÎÊÌâ¡£</para>

      <para>&os; Ports Ì×¼þÖ§³ÖÔÚһЩ port ÉÏͬʱÆô¶¯¶à¸ö
        &man.make.1; ÈÎÎñÁË¡£ Õâ¸ö¹¦ÄÜÔÚ±ê¼ÇÁË
        <varname>MAKE_JOBS_SAFE</varname> µÄ port ÉÏ»á×Ô¶¯ÆôÓã¬
        Ëüͨ¹ýÔÚ×÷ÕßÌṩµÄ¶¥¼¶ <filename>Makefile</filename> ÉÏʹÓÃ
        <option>-j<replaceable>X</replaceable></option> À´¸ÄÉÆ CPU ÀûÓÃÂÊ¡£
        Êý×Ö <replaceable>X</replaceable> ĬÈÏÉèΪϵͳÖеÄ
        CPU ÊýÁ¿£¬ ²¢¿Éͨ¹ý &man.make.1;
        ±äÁ¿ <varname>MAKE_JOBS_NUMBER</varname> À´¸Ä±ä¡£
        ÈçÓûÁ˽â½øÒ»²½µÄÏêÇ飬
        Çë²ÎÔÄ <filename>ports/Mk/bsd.port.mk</filename>¡£</para>
    </sect2>

    <sect2 id="releng">
      <title>½»¸¶¹¤³ÌÓëϵͳ¼¯³É</title>

      <para>Ö§³ÖµÄ <application>GNOME</application> ×ÀÃæ»·¾³
        (<filename role="package">x11/gnome2</filename>)
        ´Ó 2.22 Éý¼¶µ½ÁË 2.26¡£</para>

      <para>Ö§³ÖµÄ <application>KDE</application> ×ÀÃæ»·¾³£¬
        ´Ó 3.5.10 (<filename
        role="package">x11/kde3</filename>) Éý¼¶µ½ÁË 4.2.2 (<filename
        role="package">x11/kde4</filename>)¡£</para>
    </sect2>

<!--
    <sect2 id="doc">
      <title>Îĵµ</title>

      <para></para>
    </sect2>
-->
  </sect1>

  <sect1 id="upgrade">
    <title>´ÓÏÈÇ°°æ±¾µÄ &os; Éý¼¶</title>

    <para arch="amd64,i386">´Ó &os; 6.2-RELEASE ¿ªÊ¼£¬
      ϵͳÒѾ­Äܹ»Í¨¹ýʹÓà &man.freebsd-update.8; À´ÊµÏÖ RELEASE °æ±¾Ö®¼ä
      (ÒÔ¼°²»Í¬°²È«·ÖÖ§µÄ¿ìÕÕ°æ±¾) µÄ¶þ½øÖÆÉý¼¶¡£
      ¶þ½øÖÆÉý¼¶¹ý³Ì½«¸üÐÂδ¾­Ð޸ĵÄÓû§»·¾³¹¤¾ß£¬
      ÒÔ¼°Ëæ¹Ù·½ &os; ·¢Ðа淢²¼µÄ¡¢ δ×÷ÐÞ¸ÄµÄ GENERIC »ò
      SMP Äںˡ£ ʹÓà &man.freebsd-update.8; ¹¤¾ßµÄÖ÷»ú£¬
      ÐèÒªÓпÉÓÃµÄ Internet Á¬½Ó¡£</para>

    <para>¾ÉʽµÄ¶þ½øÖÆÉý¼¶£¬ ÔòÊÇͨ¹ýËæ CDROM ·¢ÐнéÖÊÌṩµÄ &man.sysinstall.8; µÄ
      <command>Upgrade</command> Ñ¡ÏîÀ´Íê³ÉµÄ¡£ ÕâÖÖ¶þ½øÖÆÉý¼¶·½Ê½£¬
      ¶ÔÓÚ ·Ç-&arch.i386;¡¢ ·Ç-&arch.amd64; µÄ£¬
      ÒÔ¼°Ã»ÓнÓÈë Internet µÄϵͳ¶øÑÔ»á±È½ÏÓÐÓá£</para>

    <para>´ËÍ⣬ Ò²¿ÉÒÔʹÓÃÔ´´úÂë´Ó½ÏÔç°æ±¾Éý¼¶µÄ·½Ê½ (ͨ¹ý´ÓÔ´´úÂëÖØбàÒë &os;
      µÄ»ù±¾ÏµÍ³)£¬ Æä²Ù×÷·½·¨Çë²Î¼û
      <filename>/usr/src/UPDATING</filename>¡£</para>

    <important>
      <para>ºÜÏÔÈ»£¬Éý¼¶ &os; ʱ£¬Ó¦¸ÃÊ×Ïȱ¸·Ý
        <emphasis>È«²¿</emphasis> Êý¾ÝºÍÅäÖÃÎļþ¡£</para>
    </important>
  </sect1>
</article>