2 * Copyright (c) 1998 Andrzej Bialecki
5 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
9 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
10 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
12 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
15 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
16 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
17 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
18 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
19 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
20 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
21 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
22 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
23 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
31 * Small replacement for netstat. Uses only sysctl(3) to get the info.
34 #include <sys/types.h>
36 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
37 #include <sys/socket.h>
41 #include <net/route.h>
42 #include <net/if_dl.h>
43 #include <netinet/in_systm.h>
44 #include <netinet/in.h>
45 #include <netinet/ip.h>
46 #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
47 #include <netinet/icmp_var.h>
48 #include <netinet/ip_var.h>
49 #include <netinet/tcp.h>
50 #include <netinet/tcp_timer.h>
51 #include <netinet/tcp_var.h>
52 #include <netinet/udp.h>
53 #include <netinet/udp_var.h>
57 #include <osreldate.h>
63 int lflag = 0; /* print cpu load info */
67 int wflag = 0; /* repeat every wait seconds */
76 fprintf(stderr, "\n%s [-nrsil] [-p proto] [-w wait]\n", progname);
77 fprintf(stderr, " proto: {ip|tcp|udp|icmp}\n\n");
82 * The following parts related to retrieving the routing table and
83 * interface information, were borrowed from R. Stevens' code examples
84 * accompanying his excellent book. Thanks!
87 sock_ntop(const struct sockaddr *sa, size_t salen)
90 static char str[128]; /* Unix domain is largest */
92 switch (sa->sa_family) {
96 u_int index = 1 << 31;
99 mask = ntohl(((struct sockaddr_in *)sa)->sin_addr.s_addr);
101 while (mask & index) {
105 sprintf(str, "/%hu", new_mask);
110 struct sockaddr_in *sin = (struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
112 if (inet_ntop(AF_INET, &sin->sin_addr, str, sizeof(str))
115 if (ntohs(sin->sin_port) != 0) {
116 snprintf(portstr, sizeof(portstr), ".%d",
117 ntohs(sin->sin_port));
118 strcat(str, portstr);
120 if (strcmp(str, "0.0.0.0") == 0)
121 sprintf(str, "default");
126 struct sockaddr_un *unp = (struct sockaddr_un *)sa;
129 * OK to have no pathname bound to the socket:
130 * happens on every connect() unless client calls
133 if (unp->sun_path[0] == 0)
134 strcpy(str, "(no pathname bound)");
136 snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "%s", unp->sun_path);
141 struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)sa;
143 if (sdl->sdl_nlen > 0) {
144 bcopy(&sdl->sdl_data[0], str, sdl->sdl_nlen);
145 str[sdl->sdl_nlen] = '\0';
147 snprintf(str, sizeof(str), "link#%d", sdl->sdl_index);
152 snprintf(str, sizeof(str),
153 "sock_ntop: unknown AF_xxx: %d, len %d", sa->sa_family,
161 Sock_ntop(const struct sockaddr *sa, size_t salen)
165 if ((ptr = sock_ntop(sa, salen)) == NULL)
166 err(1, "sock_ntop error"); /* inet_ntop() sets errno */
171 #define ROUNDUP(a,size) (((a) & ((size)-1))?(1+((a)|((size)-1))):(a))
173 #define NEXT_SA(ap) \
174 ap=(struct sockaddr *) \
175 ((caddr_t)ap+(ap->sa_len?ROUNDUP(ap->sa_len,sizeof(u_long)):\
179 get_rtaddrs(int addrs, struct sockaddr *sa, struct sockaddr **rti_info)
183 for (i = 0; i < RTAX_MAX; i++) {
184 if (addrs & (1 << i)) {
193 get_flags(char *buf, int flags)
220 if (flags & 0x200000)
223 if (flags & 0x400000)
226 if (flags & 0x800000)
232 print_routing(char *proto)
243 struct rt_msghdr *rtm;
244 struct if_msghdr *ifm;
245 struct if_msghdr **ifm_table;
246 struct ifa_msghdr *ifam;
248 struct sockaddr *sa1;
249 struct sockaddr *rti_info[RTAX_MAX];
250 struct sockaddr **if_table;
251 struct rt_metrics rm;
254 /* keep a copy of statistics here for future use */
255 static unsigned *base_stats = NULL ;
256 static unsigned base_len = 0 ;
258 /* Get the routing table */
263 mib[4] = NET_RT_DUMP;
266 /*Estimate the size of table */
267 if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &rt_len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
268 perror("sysctl size");
271 if ((rt_buf = (char *)malloc(rt_len)) == NULL) {
277 if (sysctl(mib, 6, rt_buf, &rt_len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
278 perror("sysctl get");
282 /* Get the interfaces table */
287 mib[4] = NET_RT_IFLIST;
290 /* Estimate the size of table */
291 if (sysctl(mib, 6, NULL, &if_len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
292 perror("sysctl size");
295 if ((if_buf = (char *)malloc(if_len)) == NULL) {
301 if (sysctl(mib, 6, if_buf, &if_len, NULL, 0) == -1) {
302 perror("sysctl get");
305 lim = if_buf + if_len;
307 for (next = if_buf, i = 0; next < lim; next += ifm->ifm_msglen) {
308 ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)next;
312 if_table = (struct sockaddr **)calloc(i, sizeof(struct sockaddr));
313 ifm_table = (struct if_msghdr **)calloc(i, sizeof(struct if_msghdr));
315 printf("\nInterface table:\n");
316 printf("----------------\n");
317 printf("Name Mtu Network Address "
318 "Ipkts Ierrs Opkts Oerrs Coll\n");
320 /* scan the list and store base values */
322 for (next = if_buf; next < lim; next += ifm->ifm_msglen) {
323 ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)next;
326 if (base_stats == NULL || i != base_len) {
327 base_stats = calloc(i*5, sizeof(unsigned));
331 for (next = if_buf; next < lim; next += ifm->ifm_msglen) {
332 ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)next;
333 if_table[i] = (struct sockaddr *)(ifm + 1);
337 if (iflag && sa->sa_family == AF_LINK) {
338 struct sockaddr_dl *sdl = (struct sockaddr_dl *)sa;
339 unsigned *bp = &base_stats[i*5];
341 printf("%-4s %-5d <Link> ",
342 sock_ntop(if_table[i], if_table[i]->sa_len),
343 ifm->ifm_data.ifi_mtu);
344 if (sdl->sdl_alen == 6) {
346 sdl->sdl_data + sdl->sdl_nlen;
347 printf("%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x:%02x ",
348 p[0], p[1], p[2], p[3], p[4], p[5]);
351 printf("%9d%6d%9d%6d%6d\n",
352 ifm->ifm_data.ifi_ipackets - bp[0],
353 ifm->ifm_data.ifi_ierrors - bp[1],
354 ifm->ifm_data.ifi_opackets - bp[2],
355 ifm->ifm_data.ifi_oerrors - bp[3],
356 ifm->ifm_data.ifi_collisions -bp[4]);
358 bp[0] = ifm->ifm_data.ifi_ipackets ;
359 bp[1] = ifm->ifm_data.ifi_ierrors ;
360 bp[2] = ifm->ifm_data.ifi_opackets ;
361 bp[3] = ifm->ifm_data.ifi_oerrors ;
362 bp[4] = ifm->ifm_data.ifi_collisions ;
375 /* Now dump the routing table */
376 printf("\nRouting table:\n");
377 printf("--------------\n");
379 ("Destination Gateway Flags Netif Use\n");
380 lim = rt_buf + rt_len;
381 for (next = rt_buf; next < lim; next += rtm->rtm_msglen) {
382 rtm = (struct rt_msghdr *)next;
383 sa = (struct sockaddr *)(rtm + 1);
384 get_rtaddrs(rtm->rtm_addrs, sa, rti_info);
385 if (rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_WASCLONED) {
386 if ((rtm->rtm_flags & RTF_LLINFO) == 0)
389 if ((sa = rti_info[RTAX_DST]) != NULL) {
390 sprintf(fbuf, "%s", sock_ntop(sa, sa->sa_len));
391 if (((sa1 = rti_info[RTAX_NETMASK]) != NULL)
392 && sa1->sa_family == 255) {
393 strcat(fbuf, sock_ntop(sa1, sa1->sa_len));
395 printf("%-19s", fbuf);
397 if ((sa = rti_info[RTAX_GATEWAY]) != NULL) {
398 printf("%-19s", sock_ntop(sa, sa->sa_len));
400 memset(fbuf, 0, sizeof(fbuf));
401 get_flags(fbuf, rtm->rtm_flags);
402 printf("%-10s", fbuf);
403 for (i = 0; i < if_num; i++) {
405 if ((ifm->ifm_index == rtm->rtm_index) &&
406 (ifm->ifm_data.ifi_type > 0)) {
411 if (ifm->ifm_type == RTM_IFINFO) {
412 get_rtaddrs(ifm->ifm_addrs, sa, rti_info);
413 printf(" %s", Sock_ntop(sa, sa->sa_len));
414 } else if (ifm->ifm_type == RTM_NEWADDR) {
416 (struct ifa_msghdr *)ifm_table[rtm->rtm_index - 1];
417 sa = (struct sockaddr *)(ifam + 1);
418 get_rtaddrs(ifam->ifam_addrs, sa, rti_info);
419 printf(" %s", Sock_ntop(sa, sa->sa_len));
421 printf(" %u", rtm->rtm_use);
442 printf("sorry, ip stats not available\n");
445 mib[3] = IPCTL_STATS;
446 len = sizeof(struct ipstat);
447 if (sysctl(mib, 4, &s, &len, NULL, 0) < 0) {
451 printf("\nIP statistics:\n");
452 printf("--------------\n");
453 printf(" %10lu total packets received\n", s.ips_total);
454 printf("* Packets ok:\n");
455 printf(" %10lu fragments received\n", s.ips_fragments);
456 printf(" %10lu forwarded\n", s.ips_forward);
457 #if __FreeBSD_version > 300001
458 printf(" %10lu fast forwarded\n", s.ips_fastforward);
460 printf(" %10lu forwarded on same net (redirect)\n",
462 printf(" %10lu delivered to upper level\n", s.ips_delivered);
463 printf(" %10lu total ip packets generated here\n", s.ips_localout);
464 printf(" %10lu total packets reassembled ok\n", s.ips_reassembled);
465 printf(" %10lu total datagrams successfully fragmented\n",
467 printf(" %10lu output fragments created\n", s.ips_ofragments);
468 printf(" %10lu total raw IP packets generated\n", s.ips_rawout);
469 printf("\n* Bad packets:\n");
470 printf(" %10lu bad checksum\n", s.ips_badsum);
471 printf(" %10lu too short\n", s.ips_tooshort);
472 printf(" %10lu not enough data (too small)\n", s.ips_toosmall);
473 printf(" %10lu more data than declared in header\n", s.ips_badhlen);
474 printf(" %10lu less data than declared in header\n", s.ips_badlen);
475 printf(" %10lu fragments dropped (dups, no mbuf)\n",
477 printf(" %10lu fragments timed out in reassembly\n",
479 printf(" %10lu received for unreachable dest.\n", s.ips_cantforward);
480 printf(" %10lu unknown or unsupported protocol\n", s.ips_noproto);
481 printf(" %10lu lost due to no bufs etc.\n", s.ips_odropped);
482 printf(" %10lu couldn't fragment (DF set, etc.)\n", s.ips_cantfrag);
483 printf(" %10lu error in IP options processing\n", s.ips_badoptions);
484 printf(" %10lu dropped due to no route\n", s.ips_noroute);
485 printf(" %10lu bad IP version\n", s.ips_badvers);
486 printf(" %10lu too long (more than max IP size)\n", s.ips_toolong);
487 #if __FreeBSD_version > 300001
488 printf(" %10lu multicast for unregistered groups\n", s.ips_notmember);
501 mib[2] = IPPROTO_TCP;
503 printf("sorry, tcp stats not available\n");
506 mib[3] = TCPCTL_STATS;
507 len = sizeof(struct tcpstat);
508 if (sysctl(mib, 4, &s, &len, NULL, 0) < 0) {
512 printf("\nTCP statistics:\n");
513 printf("---------------\n");
514 printf("* Connections:\n");
515 printf(" %10lu initiated\n", s.tcps_connattempt);
516 printf(" %10lu accepted\n", s.tcps_accepts);
517 printf(" %10lu established\n", s.tcps_connects);
518 printf(" %10lu dropped\n", s.tcps_drops);
519 printf(" %10lu embryonic connections dropped\n", s.tcps_conndrops);
520 printf(" %10lu closed (includes dropped)\n", s.tcps_closed);
521 printf(" %10lu segments where we tried to get RTT\n",
523 printf(" %10lu times RTT successfully updated\n", s.tcps_rttupdated);
524 printf(" %10lu delayed ACKs sent\n", s.tcps_delack);
525 printf(" %10lu dropped in rxmt timeout\n", s.tcps_timeoutdrop);
526 printf(" %10lu retrasmit timeouts\n", s.tcps_rexmttimeo);
527 printf(" %10lu persist timeouts\n", s.tcps_persisttimeo);
528 printf(" %10lu keepalive timeouts\n", s.tcps_keeptimeo);
529 printf(" %10lu keepalive probes sent\n", s.tcps_keepprobe);
530 printf(" %10lu dropped in keepalive\n", s.tcps_keepdrops);
532 printf("* Packets sent:\n");
533 printf(" %10lu total packets sent\n", s.tcps_sndtotal);
534 printf(" %10lu data packets sent\n", s.tcps_sndpack);
535 printf(" %10lu data bytes sent\n", s.tcps_sndbyte);
536 printf(" %10lu data packets retransmitted\n", s.tcps_sndrexmitpack);
537 printf(" %10lu data bytes retransmitted\n", s.tcps_sndrexmitbyte);
538 printf(" %10lu ACK-only packets sent\n", s.tcps_sndacks);
539 printf(" %10lu window probes sent\n", s.tcps_sndprobe);
540 printf(" %10lu URG-only packets sent\n", s.tcps_sndurg);
541 printf(" %10lu window update-only packets sent\n", s.tcps_sndwinup);
542 printf(" %10lu control (SYN,FIN,RST) packets sent\n", s.tcps_sndctrl);
543 printf("* Packets received:\n");
544 printf(" %10lu total packets received\n", s.tcps_rcvtotal);
545 printf(" %10lu packets in sequence\n", s.tcps_rcvpack);
546 printf(" %10lu bytes in sequence\n", s.tcps_rcvbyte);
547 printf(" %10lu packets with bad checksum\n", s.tcps_rcvbadsum);
548 printf(" %10lu packets with bad offset\n", s.tcps_rcvbadoff);
549 printf(" %10lu packets too short\n", s.tcps_rcvshort);
550 printf(" %10lu duplicate-only packets\n", s.tcps_rcvduppack);
551 printf(" %10lu duplicate-only bytes\n", s.tcps_rcvdupbyte);
552 printf(" %10lu packets with some duplicate data\n",
553 s.tcps_rcvpartduppack);
554 printf(" %10lu duplicate bytes in partially dup. packets\n",
555 s.tcps_rcvpartdupbyte);
556 printf(" %10lu out-of-order packets\n", s.tcps_rcvoopack);
557 printf(" %10lu out-of-order bytes\n", s.tcps_rcvoobyte);
558 printf(" %10lu packets with data after window\n",
559 s.tcps_rcvpackafterwin);
560 printf(" %10lu bytes received after window\n",
561 s.tcps_rcvbyteafterwin);
562 printf(" %10lu packets received after 'close'\n",
563 s.tcps_rcvafterclose);
564 printf(" %10lu window probe packets\n", s.tcps_rcvwinprobe);
565 printf(" %10lu duplicate ACKs\n", s.tcps_rcvdupack);
566 printf(" %10lu ACKs for unsent data\n", s.tcps_rcvacktoomuch);
567 printf(" %10lu ACK packets\n", s.tcps_rcvackpack);
568 printf(" %10lu bytes ACKed by received ACKs\n", s.tcps_rcvackbyte);
569 printf(" %10lu window update packets\n", s.tcps_rcvwinupd);
570 printf(" %10lu segments dropped due to PAWS\n", s.tcps_pawsdrop);
571 printf(" %10lu times header predict ok for ACKs\n", s.tcps_predack);
572 printf(" %10lu times header predict ok for data packets\n",
574 printf(" %10lu PCB cache misses\n", s.tcps_pcbcachemiss);
575 printf(" %10lu times cached RTT in route updated\n",
577 printf(" %10lu times cached RTTVAR updated\n", s.tcps_cachedrttvar);
578 printf(" %10lu times ssthresh updated\n", s.tcps_cachedssthresh);
579 printf(" %10lu times RTT initialized from route\n", s.tcps_usedrtt);
580 printf(" %10lu times RTTVAR initialized from route\n",
582 printf(" %10lu times ssthresh initialized from route\n",
583 s.tcps_usedssthresh);
584 printf(" %10lu timeout in persist state\n", s.tcps_persistdrop);
585 printf(" %10lu bogus SYN, e.g. premature ACK\n", s.tcps_badsyn);
586 printf(" %10lu resends due to MTU discovery\n", s.tcps_mturesent);
587 printf(" %10lu listen queue overflows\n", s.tcps_listendrop);
599 mib[2] = IPPROTO_UDP;
600 mib[3] = UDPCTL_STATS;
601 len = sizeof(struct udpstat);
602 if (sysctl(mib, 4, &s, &len, NULL, 0) < 0) {
606 printf("\nUDP statistics:\n");
607 printf("---------------\n");
608 printf("* Packets received:\n");
609 printf(" %10lu total input packets\n", s.udps_ipackets);
610 printf(" %10lu packets shorter than header (dropped)\n",
612 printf(" %10lu bad checksum\n", s.udps_badsum);
613 printf(" %10lu data length larger than packet\n", s.udps_badlen);
614 printf(" %10lu no socket on specified port\n", s.udps_noport);
615 printf(" %10lu of above, arrived as broadcast\n", s.udps_noportbcast);
616 printf(" %10lu not delivered, input socket full\n", s.udps_fullsock);
617 printf(" %10lu packets missing PCB cache\n", s.udpps_pcbcachemiss);
618 printf(" %10lu packets not for hashed PCBs\n", s.udpps_pcbhashmiss);
619 printf("* Packets sent:\n");
620 printf(" %10lu total output packets\n", s.udps_opackets);
621 #if __FreeBSD_version > 300001
622 printf(" %10lu output packets on fast path\n", s.udps_fastout);
626 char *icmp_names[] = {
630 "destination unreachable",
636 "router advertisement",
637 "router solicitation",
642 "information request",
643 "information request reply",
644 "address mask request",
645 "address mask reply",
657 mib[2] = IPPROTO_ICMP;
658 mib[3] = ICMPCTL_STATS;
659 len = sizeof(struct icmpstat);
660 if (sysctl(mib, 4, &s, &len, NULL, 0) < 0) {
664 printf("\nICMP statistics:\n");
665 printf("----------------\n");
666 printf("* Output histogram:\n");
667 for (i = 0; i < (ICMP_MAXTYPE + 1); i++) {
668 if (s.icps_outhist[i] > 0)
669 printf("\t%10lu %s\n",
670 s.icps_outhist[i], icmp_names[i]);
672 printf("* Input histogram:\n");
673 for (i = 0; i < (ICMP_MAXTYPE + 1); i++) {
674 if (s.icps_inhist[i] > 0)
675 printf("\t%10lu %s\n",
676 s.icps_inhist[i], icmp_names[i]);
678 printf("* Other stats:\n");
679 printf(" %10lu calls to icmp_error\n", s.icps_error);
680 printf(" %10lu no error 'cuz old ip too short\n", s.icps_oldshort);
681 printf(" %10lu no error 'cuz old was icmp\n", s.icps_oldicmp);
683 printf(" %10lu icmp code out of range\n", s.icps_badcode);
684 printf(" %10lu packets shorter than min length\n", s.icps_tooshort);
685 printf(" %10lu bad checksum\n", s.icps_checksum);
686 printf(" %10lu calculated bound mismatch\n", s.icps_badlen);
687 printf(" %10lu number of responses\n", s.icps_reflect);
688 printf(" %10lu broad/multi-cast echo requests dropped\n",
690 printf(" %10lu broad/multi-cast timestamp requests dropped\n",
691 s.icps_bmcasttstamp);
701 fprintf(stderr, "Option '-p' requires paramter.\n");
705 if (strcmp(proto, "ip") == 0)
707 if (strcmp(proto, "icmp") == 0)
709 if (strcmp(proto, "udp") == 0)
711 if (strcmp(proto, "tcp") == 0)
723 main(int argc, char *argv[])
730 while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "dilnrsp:w:")) != -1) {
732 case 'd': /* print deltas in stats every w seconds */
736 wflag = atoi(optarg);
738 case 'n': /* ignored, just for compatibility with std netstat */
765 if (rflag == 0 && sflag == 0 && iflag == 0)
774 printf("\033[H\033[J");
779 gettimeofday(&t, NULL);
780 printf("\033[H%s", ctime(&t.tv_sec));
782 print_routing(proto);
793 print_load_stats(void)
795 static u_int32_t cp_time[5];
796 u_int32_t new_cp_time[5];
801 if (!lflag || !wflag)
803 l = sizeof(new_cp_time) ;
804 bzero(new_cp_time, l);
805 if (sysctlbyname("kern.cp_time", new_cp_time, &l, NULL, 0) < 0) {
806 warn("sysctl: retrieving cp_time length");
812 bzero (&ci, sizeof(ci));
814 if (sysctlbyname("kern.clockrate", &ci, &l, NULL, 0) < 0) {
815 warn("sysctl: retrieving clockinfo length");
819 bcopy(new_cp_time, cp_time, sizeof(cp_time));
821 shz = stathz * wflag ;
824 #define X(i) ( (double)(new_cp_time[i] - cp_time[i])*100/shz )
825 printf("\nUSER %5.2f%% NICE %5.2f%% SYS %5.2f%% "
826 "INTR %5.2f%% IDLE %5.2f%%\n",
827 X(0), X(1), X(2), X(3), X(4) );
828 bcopy(new_cp_time, cp_time, sizeof(cp_time));