1 .\" Copyright (c) 2006-2008 Joel Dahl <joel@FreeBSD.org>
2 .\" Copyright (c) 2008 Alexander Motin <mav@FreeBSD.org>
3 .\" All rights reserved.
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33 .Nd "Intel High Definition Audio bridge device driver"
35 To compile this driver into the kernel, place the following lines in your
36 kernel configuration file:
37 .Bd -ragged -offset indent
42 Alternatively, to load the driver as a module at boot time, place the
45 .Bd -literal -offset indent
49 The High Definition (HD) Audio specification was developed by Intel as the
50 logical successor of the old AC'97 specification and has several advantages,
51 such as higher bandwidth which allows more channels and more detailed formats,
52 support for several logical audio devices, and general purpose DMA channels.
56 driver is a HDA bus controller driver and HDA codecs audio functions bridge
57 driver that allows the generic audio driver,
59 to be used with this hardware.
60 Only audio functions are supported by
62 Modem, HDMI and other possible functions are not implemented.
66 driver supports hardware that conforms with revision 1.0 of the Intel High
67 Definition Audio specification and tries to behave much like the Microsoft
68 Universal Audio Architecture (UAA) draft (revision 0.7b) for handling audio
71 According to HDA and UAA specifications, depending on the number of HDA buses
72 and codecs present in system, their audio capabilities and BIOS provided
75 driver often provides several PCM audio devices.
76 For example, one device for main rear 7.1 output and inputs, one device
77 for independent headset connectors at front and one device for SPDIF or
78 HDMI audio input/output.
79 The assignment of audio inputs and outputs may be tuned with
81 The driver's verbose boot messages provide a lot of information about
82 the operation of the driver and present audio setup.
84 The default audio device may be tuned by setting the
85 .Ar hw.snd.default_unit
86 sysctl, as described in
88 or explicitly specified in application settings.
89 .Ss Boot-time Configuration
90 The following variables are available at boot-time through the
93 .Bl -tag -width ".Va hint.hdac.%d.config"-offset indent
94 .It Va hint.hdac.%d.config
95 Configures a range of possible options.
122 An option prefixed with
126 will do the opposite and takes precedence.
127 Options can be separated by whitespace and commas.
129 are a codec's General Purpose I/O pins which system integrators sometimes
130 use to control external muters, amplifiers and so on.
131 If you have no sound, or sound volume is not adequate, you may have to
132 experiment a bit with the GPIO setup to find the optimal setup for your
138 options control the voltage used to power external microphones.
139 .It Va hint.hdac.%d.msi
140 Controls MSI (Message Signaled Interrupts) support.
141 .It Va hint.hdac.%d.cad%d.nid%d.config
142 Overrides codec pin configuration set by BIOS.
143 May be specified as a 32-bit hexadecimal value with a leading
145 or as a set of space-separated
146 .Dq Ar option Ns = Ns Ar value
150 Pin configuration is the UAA driver's main source of information about codec
152 This information is usually provided by the codec manufacturer and tuned
153 by system integrators for specific system requirements.
156 driver allows users to override it to fix integrator mistakes or to use the
157 available codec in alternative ways (for example to get stereo output and 2
158 inputs instead of a single 5.1 output).
160 The following options are supported:
161 .Bl -tag -width ".Va device=" -offset indent
164 Associations are used to group individual pins to form a complex multi-pin
166 For example, to group 4 connectors for 7.1 output, or to treat several
167 input connectors as sources for the same input device.
168 Association numbers can be specified as numeric values from 0 to 15.
169 A value of 0 means disabled pin.
170 A value of 15 is a set of independent unassociated pins.
171 Each association includes only pins of the same direction (in/out) and is
172 detected atomically (all pins or none).
173 A separate PCM audio device is created for every pair of input and
177 A unique, per-association number used to order pins inside the
178 particular association.
179 Sequence numbers can be specified as numeric values from 0 to 15.
181 The sequence number 15 has a special meaning for output associations.
182 Output pins with this number and device type
184 will duplicate (with automatic mute if jack detection is supported) the
185 first pin in that association.
188 Can be specified as a number from 0 to 15 or as a name:
196 .Dq Li Modem-handset ,
206 The device type also describes the pin direction (in/out).
209 always means an input pin, while
211 always means an output.
214 Can be specified as a number from 0 to 3.
215 The connection type can also be specified as one of the special names
221 Pins with a connection type of
225 Connector physical type.
226 Can be specified as a number from 0 to 15.
227 This is a reference only value.
233 Can be specified as a number from 0 to 15 or as one of the names
251 This is a reference only value.
256 Connector physical location.
257 Can be specified as a number from 0 to 63.
258 This is a reference only value.
264 Can be specified as a number from 0 to 15.
265 Bit 0 has a special meaning. When set it means that jack detection is
266 not implemented in hardware.
268 .Ss Runtime Configuration
271 variables are available in addition to those available to all
274 .Bl -tag -width ".Va dev.hdac.%d.polling" -offset indent
275 .It Va dev.hdac.%d.polling
276 Enables polling mode.
277 In this mode the driver operates by querying the device state on timer
280 instead of interrupts.
281 Polling is disabled by default.
282 Do not enable it unless you are facing weird interrupt problems or if the
283 device cannot generate interrupts at all.
284 .It Va dev.hdac.%d.polling_interval
285 Controller/Jack Sense polling interval (1-1000 ms)
286 .It Va dev.hdac.%d.pindump
287 Setting this to a non-zero value dumps the current pin configuration, main
288 capabilities and jack sense status to console and syslog.
291 Taking HP Compaq DX2300 with Realtek ALC888 HDA codec for example.
292 This system has two audio connectors on a front side, three audio connectors
293 on a rear side and one internal speaker.
294 According to verbose driver output and the codec datasheet,
295 this codec has five stereo DACs and two stereo ADCs, all of them are routable to
296 any codec pin (external connector).
297 All codec pins are reversible (could be configured either as input or output).
299 So high codec uniformity and flexibility allow driver to configure it in many
300 different ways, depending on requested pins usage decribed by pins configuration.
301 Driver reports such default pin configuration when verbose messages enabled:
303 hdac0: nid 20 0x01014020 as 2 seq 0 Line-out Jack jack 1 loc 1 color Green misc 0
304 hdac0: nid 21 0x99130110 as 1 seq 0 Speaker Fixed jack 3 loc 25 color Unknown misc 1
305 hdac0: nid 22 0x411111f0 as 15 seq 0 Speaker None jack 1 loc 1 color Black misc 1
306 hdac0: nid 23 0x411111f0 as 15 seq 0 Speaker None jack 1 loc 1 color Black misc 1
307 hdac0: nid 24 0x01a19830 as 3 seq 0 Mic Jack jack 1 loc 1 color Pink misc 8
308 hdac0: nid 25 0x02a1983f as 3 seq 15 Mic Jack jack 1 loc 2 color Pink misc 8
309 hdac0: nid 26 0x01813031 as 3 seq 1 Line-in Jack jack 1 loc 1 color Blue misc 0
310 hdac0: nid 27 0x0221401f as 1 seq 15 Headphones Jack jack 1 loc 2 color Green misc 0
311 hdac0: nid 28 0x411111f0 as 15 seq 0 Speaker None jack 1 loc 1 color Black misc 1
312 hdac0: nid 30 0x411111f0 as 15 seq 0 Speaker None jack 1 loc 1 color Black misc 1
313 hdac0: nid 31 0x411111f0 as 15 seq 0 Speaker None jack 1 loc 1 color Black misc 1
316 Here we can see, that the nodes with ID (nid) 25 and 27 are front pannel
317 connectors (Jack, loc 2), nids 20, 24 and 26 are rear pannel connectors
318 (Jack, loc 1) and nid 21 is a built-in speaker (Fixed, loc 25).
319 Pins with nids 22, 23, 28, 30 and 31 will be disabled by driver due to "None"
320 connectivity. So the pin count and description matches to connectors that
323 Using association (as) and sequence (seq) fields values pins are grouped into
326 hdac0: Association 0 (1) out:
327 hdac0: Pin nid=21 seq=0
328 hdac0: Pin nid=27 seq=15
329 hdac0: Association 1 (2) out:
330 hdac0: Pin nid=20 seq=0
331 hdac0: Association 2 (3) in:
332 hdac0: Pin nid=24 seq=0
333 hdac0: Pin nid=26 seq=1
334 hdac0: Pin nid=25 seq=15
339 device uses two associations: one for playback and one for recording.
340 Associations processed and assigned to
342 devices in increasing numerical order.
343 In this case association #0 (1) will become
345 device playback, using the internal speakers and
347 jack with speaker automute on the headphones jack connection.
348 Association #1 (2) will become
353 Association #2 (3) will become
355 recording, using the external microphones and the
361 driver provides extensive verbose messages to diagnose its operation
362 logic and describe its current codec configuration.
366 it is possible to modify the configuration of the existing pins,
367 allowing a broad range of different audio setups.
368 Here are a few examples of some setups possible for this particular
375 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid20.config="as=1"
376 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid21.config="as=2"
379 will swap line-out and speaker functions.
382 device will play to the line-out and headphones jacks. Line-out will
383 be muted on the headphones jack connection.
386 will go from two external microphones and line-in jacks.
388 playback will go to the internal speaker.
395 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid20.config="as=1 seq=15 device=Headphones"
396 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid27.config="as=2 seq=0"
397 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid25.config="as=4 seq=0"
400 will split the headphones and one of the microphones to a separate device.
403 device will play to the internal speaker and to the line-out jack, with
404 speaker automute on the line-out jack connection.
407 will use input from one external microphone and the line-in jacks.
410 device will be completely dedicated to a headset (headphones and mic)
411 connected to the front connectors.
418 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid20.config="as=1 seq=0"
419 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid26.config="as=2 seq=0"
420 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid27.config="as=3 seq=0"
421 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid25.config="as=4 seq=0"
422 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid24.config="as=5 seq=0 device=Line-out"
423 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid21.config="as=6 seq=0"
426 will give 4 independent devices:
428 .Pq line-out and line-in ,
430 .Pq headphones and mic ,
432 .Pq additional line-out via retasked rear mic jack ,
435 .Pq internal speaker .
442 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid20.config="as=1 seq=0"
443 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid24.config="as=1 seq=1 device=Line-out"
444 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid26.config="as=1 seq=2 device=Line-out"
445 hint.hdac.0.cad0.nid21.config="as=2 seq=0"
450 for 5.1 playback via 3 rear connectors (line-out and retasked
451 mic and line-in) and headset (headphones and mic) at front connectors.
453 for internal speaker playback.
454 On headphones connection rear connectors will be muted.
458 driver supports many Intel HDA compatible audio chipsets including the
508 The following and many other codecs have been verified to work:
512 Analog Devices AD1981HD
514 Analog Devices AD1983
516 Analog Devices AD1984
518 Analog Devices AD1986A
520 Analog Devices AD1988
522 Analog Devices AD1988B
526 Conexant CX20549 (Venice)
528 Conexant CX20551 (Waikiki)
530 Conexant CX20561 (Hermosa)
560 Sigmatel STAC9220D / 9223D
601 device driver first appeared in
607 driver was written by
608 .An Stephane E. Potvin Aq sepotvin@videotron.ca ,
609 .An Ariff Abdullah Aq ariff@FreeBSD.org
611 .An Alexander Motin Aq mav@FreeBSD.org .
612 This manual page was written by
613 .An Joel Dahl Aq joel@FreeBSD.org ,
614 .An Alexander Motin Aq mav@FreeBSD.org
616 .An Giorgos Keramidas Aq keramida@FreeBSD.org .
618 A few Hardware/OEM vendors tend to screw up BIOS settings, thus
621 driver useless, which usually results in a state where the
623 driver seems to attach and work, but without any sound. Some of
624 that cases can be solved by tuning loader.conf variables. But before
625 trying to fix problem that way, make sure that problem is really exists
626 and the PCM audio device you are using really corresponds to expected
629 Due to OSS limitation multichannel (not multidevice) playback is not