usr.bin/vmstat/vmstat.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  15  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  16  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  19  *    without specific prior written permission.
  20  *
  21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  32  */
  33
  34 #ifndef lint
  35 static const char copyright[] =
  36 "@(#) Copyright (c) 1980, 1986, 1991, 1993\n\
  37         The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.\n";
  38 #endif /* not lint */
  39
  40 #if 0
  41 #ifndef lint
  42 static char sccsid[] = "@(#)vmstat.c    8.1 (Berkeley) 6/6/93";
  43 #endif /* not lint */
  44 #endif
  45
  46 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  47 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  48
  49 #include <sys/param.h>
  50 #include <sys/time.h>
  51 #include <sys/proc.h>
  52 #include <sys/uio.h>
  53 #include <sys/namei.h>
  54 #include <sys/malloc.h>
  55 #include <sys/signal.h>
  56 #include <sys/fcntl.h>
  57 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  58 #include <sys/resource.h>
  59 #include <sys/sysctl.h>
  60 #include <sys/vmmeter.h>
  61
  62 #include <vm/vm_param.h>
  63
  64 #include <ctype.h>
  65 #include <devstat.h>
  66 #include <err.h>
  67 #include <errno.h>
  68 #include <kvm.h>
  69 #include <limits.h>
  70 #include <memstat.h>
  71 #include <nlist.h>
  72 #include <paths.h>
  73 #include <stdio.h>
  74 #include <stdlib.h>
  75 #include <string.h>
  76 #include <sysexits.h>
  77 #include <time.h>
  78 #include <unistd.h>
  79 #include <libutil.h>
  80
  81 static char da[] = "da";
  82
  83 static struct nlist namelist[] = {
  84 #define X_SUM           0
  85         { "_cnt" },
  86 #define X_BOOTTIME      1
  87         { "_boottime" },
  88 #define X_HZ            2
  89         { "_hz" },
  90 #define X_STATHZ        3
  91         { "_stathz" },
  92 #define X_NCHSTATS      4
  93         { "_nchstats" },
  94 #define X_INTRNAMES     5
  95         { "_intrnames" },
  96 #define X_EINTRNAMES    6
  97         { "_eintrnames" },
  98 #define X_INTRCNT       7
  99         { "_intrcnt" },
 100 #define X_EINTRCNT      8
 101         { "_eintrcnt" },
 102 #define X_KMEMSTATS     9
 103         { "_kmemstatistics" },
 104 #define X_KMEMZONES     10
 105         { "_kmemzones" },
 106 #ifdef notyet
 107 #define X_DEFICIT       XXX
 108         { "_deficit" },
 109 #define X_REC           XXX
 110         { "_rectime" },
 111 #define X_PGIN          XXX
 112         { "_pgintime" },
 113 #define X_XSTATS        XXX
 114         { "_xstats" },
 115 #define X_END           XXX
 116 #else
 117 #define X_END           11
 118 #endif
 119         { "" },
 120 };
 121
 122 static struct statinfo cur, last;
 123 static int num_devices, maxshowdevs;
 124 static long generation;
 125 static struct device_selection *dev_select;
 126 static int num_selected;
 127 static struct devstat_match *matches;
 128 static int num_matches = 0;
 129 static int num_devices_specified, num_selections;
 130 static long select_generation;
 131 static char **specified_devices;
 132 static devstat_select_mode select_mode;
 133
 134 static struct   vmmeter sum, osum;
 135
 136 #define VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES    20      /* Default number of `winlines'. */
 137 volatile sig_atomic_t wresized;         /* Tty resized, when non-zero. */
 138 static int winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES; /* Current number of tty rows. */
 139
 140 static int      aflag;
 141 static int      nflag;
 142 static int      Pflag;
 143 static int      hflag;
 144
 145 static kvm_t   *kd;
 146
 147 #define FORKSTAT        0x01
 148 #define INTRSTAT        0x02
 149 #define MEMSTAT         0x04
 150 #define SUMSTAT         0x08
 151 #define TIMESTAT        0x10
 152 #define VMSTAT          0x20
 153 #define ZMEMSTAT        0x40
 154
 155 static void     cpustats(void);
 156 static void     pcpustats(int, u_long, int);
 157 static void     devstats(void);
 158 static void     doforkst(void);
 159 static void     dointr(void);
 160 static void     dosum(void);
 161 static void     dovmstat(unsigned int, int);
 162 static void     domemstat_malloc(void);
 163 static void     domemstat_zone(void);
 164 static void     kread(int, void *, size_t);
 165 static void     kreado(int, void *, size_t, size_t);
 166 static char    *kgetstr(const char *);
 167 static void     needhdr(int);
 168 static void     needresize(int);
 169 static void     doresize(void);
 170 static void     printhdr(int, u_long);
 171 static void     usage(void);
 172
 173 static long     pct(long, long);
 174 static long     getuptime(void);
 175
 176 static char   **getdrivedata(char **);
 177
 178 int
 179 main(int argc, char *argv[])
 180 {
 181         int c, todo;
 182         unsigned int interval;
 183         int reps;
 184         char *memf, *nlistf;
 185         char errbuf[_POSIX2_LINE_MAX];
 186
 187         memf = nlistf = NULL;
 188         interval = reps = todo = 0;
 189         maxshowdevs = 2;
 190         hflag = isatty(1);
 191         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "ac:fhHiM:mN:n:Pp:stw:z")) != -1) {
 192                 switch (c) {
 193                 case 'a':
 194                         aflag++;
 195                         break;
 196                 case 'c':
 197                         reps = atoi(optarg);
 198                         break;
 199                 case 'P':
 200                         Pflag++;
 201                         break;
 202                 case 'f':
 203                         todo |= FORKSTAT;
 204                         break;
 205                 case 'h':
 206                         hflag = 1;
 207                         break;
 208                 case 'H':
 209                         hflag = 0;
 210                         break;
 211                 case 'i':
 212                         todo |= INTRSTAT;
 213                         break;
 214                 case 'M':
 215                         memf = optarg;
 216                         break;
 217                 case 'm':
 218                         todo |= MEMSTAT;
 219                         break;
 220                 case 'N':
 221                         nlistf = optarg;
 222                         break;
 223                 case 'n':
 224                         nflag = 1;
 225                         maxshowdevs = atoi(optarg);
 226                         if (maxshowdevs < 0)
 227                                 errx(1, "number of devices %d is < 0",
 228                                      maxshowdevs);
 229                         break;
 230                 case 'p':
 231                         if (devstat_buildmatch(optarg, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 232                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 233                         break;
 234                 case 's':
 235                         todo |= SUMSTAT;
 236                         break;
 237                 case 't':
 238 #ifdef notyet
 239                         todo |= TIMESTAT;
 240 #else
 241                         errx(EX_USAGE, "sorry, -t is not (re)implemented yet");
 242 #endif
 243                         break;
 244                 case 'w':
 245                         interval = atoi(optarg);
 246                         break;
 247                 case 'z':
 248                         todo |= ZMEMSTAT;
 249                         break;
 250                 case '?':
 251                 default:
 252                         usage();
 253                 }
 254         }
 255         argc -= optind;
 256         argv += optind;
 257
 258         if (todo == 0)
 259                 todo = VMSTAT;
 260
 261         if (memf != NULL) {
 262                 kd = kvm_openfiles(nlistf, memf, NULL, O_RDONLY, errbuf);
 263                 if (kd == NULL)
 264                         errx(1, "kvm_openfiles: %s", errbuf);
 265         }
 266
 267         if (kd != NULL && (c = kvm_nlist(kd, namelist)) != 0) {
 268                 if (c > 0) {
 269                         warnx("undefined symbols:");
 270                         for (c = 0;
 271                              c < (int)(sizeof(namelist)/sizeof(namelist[0]));
 272                              c++)
 273                                 if (namelist[c].n_type == 0)
 274                                         (void)fprintf(stderr, " %s",
 275                                             namelist[c].n_name);
 276                         (void)fputc('\n', stderr);
 277                 } else
 278                         warnx("kvm_nlist: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
 279                 exit(1);
 280         }
 281         if (kd && Pflag)
 282                 errx(1, "Cannot use -P with crash dumps");
 283
 284         if (todo & VMSTAT) {
 285                 /*
 286                  * Make sure that the userland devstat version matches the
 287                  * kernel devstat version.  If not, exit and print a
 288                  * message informing the user of his mistake.
 289                  */
 290                 if (devstat_checkversion(NULL) < 0)
 291                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 292
 293
 294                 argv = getdrivedata(argv);
 295         }
 296
 297 #define BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 298 #ifdef  BACKWARD_COMPATIBILITY
 299         if (*argv) {
 300                 interval = atoi(*argv);
 301                 if (*++argv)
 302                         reps = atoi(*argv);
 303         }
 304 #endif
 305
 306         if (interval) {
 307                 if (!reps)
 308                         reps = -1;
 309         } else if (reps)
 310                 interval = 1;
 311
 312         if (todo & FORKSTAT)
 313                 doforkst();
 314         if (todo & MEMSTAT)
 315                 domemstat_malloc();
 316         if (todo & ZMEMSTAT)
 317                 domemstat_zone();
 318         if (todo & SUMSTAT)
 319                 dosum();
 320 #ifdef notyet
 321         if (todo & TIMESTAT)
 322                 dotimes();
 323 #endif
 324         if (todo & INTRSTAT)
 325                 dointr();
 326         if (todo & VMSTAT)
 327                 dovmstat(interval, reps);
 328         exit(0);
 329 }
 330
 331 static int
 332 mysysctl(const char *name, void *oldp, size_t *oldlenp,
 333     void *newp, size_t newlen)
 334 {
 335         int error;
 336
 337         error = sysctlbyname(name, oldp, oldlenp, newp, newlen);
 338         if (error != 0 && errno != ENOMEM)
 339                 err(1, "sysctl(%s)", name);
 340         return (error);
 341 }
 342
 343 static char **
 344 getdrivedata(char **argv)
 345 {
 346         if ((num_devices = devstat_getnumdevs(NULL)) < 0)
 347                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 348
 349         cur.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 350         last.dinfo = (struct devinfo *)malloc(sizeof(struct devinfo));
 351         bzero(cur.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 352         bzero(last.dinfo, sizeof(struct devinfo));
 353
 354         if (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur) == -1)
 355                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 356
 357         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 358         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 359
 360         specified_devices = (char **)malloc(sizeof(char *));
 361         for (num_devices_specified = 0; *argv; ++argv) {
 362                 if (isdigit(**argv))
 363                         break;
 364                 num_devices_specified++;
 365                 specified_devices = (char **)realloc(specified_devices,
 366                                                      sizeof(char *) *
 367                                                      num_devices_specified);
 368                 specified_devices[num_devices_specified - 1] = *argv;
 369         }
 370         dev_select = NULL;
 371
 372         if (nflag == 0 && maxshowdevs < num_devices_specified)
 373                         maxshowdevs = num_devices_specified;
 374
 375         /*
 376          * People are generally only interested in disk statistics when
 377          * they're running vmstat.  So, that's what we're going to give
 378          * them if they don't specify anything by default.  We'll also give
 379          * them any other random devices in the system so that we get to
 380          * maxshowdevs devices, if that many devices exist.  If the user
 381          * specifies devices on the command line, either through a pattern
 382          * match or by naming them explicitly, we will give the user only
 383          * those devices.
 384          */
 385         if ((num_devices_specified == 0) && (num_matches == 0)) {
 386                 if (devstat_buildmatch(da, &matches, &num_matches) != 0)
 387                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 388
 389                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ADD;
 390         } else
 391                 select_mode = DS_SELECT_ONLY;
 392
 393         /*
 394          * At this point, selectdevs will almost surely indicate that the
 395          * device list has changed, so we don't look for return values of 0
 396          * or 1.  If we get back -1, though, there is an error.
 397          */
 398         if (devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected, &num_selections,
 399                        &select_generation, generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 400                        num_devices, matches, num_matches, specified_devices,
 401                        num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 402                        maxshowdevs, 0) == -1)
 403                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 404
 405         return(argv);
 406 }
 407
 408 static long
 409 getuptime(void)
 410 {
 411         struct timespec sp;
 412         time_t uptime;
 413
 414         (void)clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &sp);
 415         uptime = sp.tv_sec;
 416         if (uptime <= 0 || uptime > 60*60*24*365*10)
 417                 errx(1, "time makes no sense; namelist must be wrong");
 418
 419         return(uptime);
 420 }
 421
 422 static void
 423 fill_vmmeter(struct vmmeter *vmmp)
 424 {
 425         if (kd != NULL) {
 426                 kread(X_SUM, vmmp, sizeof(*vmmp));
 427         } else {
 428                 size_t size = sizeof(unsigned int);
 429 #define GET_VM_STATS(cat, name) \
 430         mysysctl("vm.stats." #cat "." #name, &vmmp->name, &size, NULL, 0)
 431                 /* sys */
 432                 GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_swtch);
 433                 GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_trap);
 434                 GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_syscall);
 435                 GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_intr);
 436                 GET_VM_STATS(sys, v_soft);
 437
 438                 /* vm */
 439                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vm_faults);
 440                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_faults);
 441                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cow_optim);
 442                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_zfod);
 443                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_ozfod);
 444                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapin);
 445                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swapout);
 446                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsin);
 447                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_swappgsout);
 448                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodein);
 449                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodeout);
 450                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsin);
 451                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vnodepgsout);
 452                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_intrans);
 453                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_reactivated);
 454                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdwakeups);
 455                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pdpages);
 456                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_tcached);
 457                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_dfree);
 458                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pfree);
 459                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_tfree);
 460                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_size);
 461                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_page_count);
 462                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_reserved);
 463                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_target);
 464                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_min);
 465                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_count);
 466                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_wire_count);
 467                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_active_count);
 468                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_target);
 469                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_inactive_count);
 470                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cache_count);
 471                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cache_min);
 472                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_cache_max);
 473                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_pageout_free_min);
 474                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_interrupt_free_min);
 475                 /*GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_free_severe);*/
 476                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forks);
 477                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforks);
 478                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforks);
 479                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreads);
 480                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_forkpages);
 481                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_vforkpages);
 482                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_rforkpages);
 483                 GET_VM_STATS(vm, v_kthreadpages);
 484 #undef GET_VM_STATS
 485         }
 486 }
 487
 488 static void
 489 fill_vmtotal(struct vmtotal *vmtp)
 490 {
 491         if (kd != NULL) {
 492                 /* XXX fill vmtp */
 493                 errx(1, "not implemented");
 494         } else {
 495                 size_t size = sizeof(*vmtp);
 496                 mysysctl("vm.vmtotal", vmtp, &size, NULL, 0);
 497                 if (size != sizeof(*vmtp))
 498                         errx(1, "vm.total size mismatch");
 499         }
 500 }
 501
 502 /* Determine how many cpu columns, and what index they are in kern.cp_times */
 503 static int
 504 getcpuinfo(u_long *maskp, int *maxidp)
 505 {
 506         int maxcpu;
 507         int maxid;
 508         int ncpus;
 509         int i, j;
 510         int empty;
 511         size_t size;
 512         long *times;
 513         u_long mask;
 514
 515         if (kd != NULL)
 516                 errx(1, "not implemented");
 517         mask = 0;
 518         ncpus = 0;
 519         size = sizeof(maxcpu);
 520         mysysctl("kern.smp.maxcpus", &maxcpu, &size, NULL, 0);
 521         if (size != sizeof(maxcpu))
 522                 errx(1, "sysctl kern.smp.maxcpus");
 523         size = sizeof(long) * maxcpu * CPUSTATES;
 524         times = malloc(size);
 525         if (times == NULL)
 526                 err(1, "malloc %zd bytes", size);
 527         mysysctl("kern.cp_times", times, &size, NULL, 0);
 528         maxid = (size / CPUSTATES / sizeof(long)) - 1;
 529         for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
 530                 empty = 1;
 531                 for (j = 0; empty && j < CPUSTATES; j++) {
 532                         if (times[i * CPUSTATES + j] != 0)
 533                                 empty = 0;
 534                 }
 535                 if (!empty) {
 536                         mask |= (1ul << i);
 537                         ncpus++;
 538                 }
 539         }
 540         if (maskp)
 541                 *maskp = mask;
 542         if (maxidp)
 543                 *maxidp = maxid;
 544         return (ncpus);
 545 }
 546
 547
 548 static void
 549 prthuman(u_int64_t val, int size)
 550 {
 551         char buf[10];
 552         int flags;
 553
 554         if (size < 5 || size > 9)
 555                 errx(1, "doofus");
 556         flags = HN_B | HN_NOSPACE | HN_DECIMAL;
 557         humanize_number(buf, size, val, "", HN_AUTOSCALE, flags);
 558         printf("%*s", size, buf);
 559 }
 560
 561 static int hz, hdrcnt;
 562
 563 static long *cur_cp_times;
 564 static long *last_cp_times;
 565 static size_t size_cp_times;
 566
 567 static void
 568 dovmstat(unsigned int interval, int reps)
 569 {
 570         struct vmtotal total;
 571         time_t uptime, halfuptime;
 572         struct devinfo *tmp_dinfo;
 573         size_t size;
 574         int ncpus, maxid;
 575         u_long cpumask;
 576
 577         uptime = getuptime();
 578         halfuptime = uptime / 2;
 579
 580         /*
 581          * If the user stops the program (control-Z) and then resumes it,
 582          * print out the header again.
 583          */
 584         (void)signal(SIGCONT, needhdr);
 585
 586         /*
 587          * If our standard output is a tty, then install a SIGWINCH handler
 588          * and set wresized so that our first iteration through the main
 589          * iostat loop will peek at the terminal's current rows to find out
 590          * how many lines can fit in a screenful of output.
 591          */
 592         if (isatty(fileno(stdout)) != 0) {
 593                 wresized = 1;
 594                 (void)signal(SIGWINCH, needresize);
 595         } else {
 596                 wresized = 0;
 597                 winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
 598         }
 599
 600         if (kd != NULL) {
 601                 if (namelist[X_STATHZ].n_type != 0 &&
 602                     namelist[X_STATHZ].n_value != 0)
 603                         kread(X_STATHZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
 604                 if (!hz)
 605                         kread(X_HZ, &hz, sizeof(hz));
 606         } else {
 607                 struct clockinfo clockrate;
 608
 609                 size = sizeof(clockrate);
 610                 mysysctl("kern.clockrate", &clockrate, &size, NULL, 0);
 611                 if (size != sizeof(clockrate))
 612                         errx(1, "clockrate size mismatch");
 613                 hz = clockrate.hz;
 614         }
 615
 616         if (Pflag) {
 617                 ncpus = getcpuinfo(&cpumask, &maxid);
 618                 size_cp_times = sizeof(long) * (maxid + 1) * CPUSTATES;
 619                 cur_cp_times = malloc(size_cp_times);
 620                 last_cp_times = malloc(size_cp_times);
 621                 bzero(cur_cp_times, size_cp_times);
 622                 bzero(last_cp_times, size_cp_times);
 623         }
 624         for (hdrcnt = 1;;) {
 625                 if (!--hdrcnt)
 626                         printhdr(ncpus, cpumask);
 627                 if (kd != NULL) {
 628                         if (kvm_getcptime(kd, cur.cp_time) < 0)
 629                                 errx(1, "kvm_getcptime: %s", kvm_geterr(kd));
 630                 } else {
 631                         size = sizeof(cur.cp_time);
 632                         mysysctl("kern.cp_time", &cur.cp_time, &size, NULL, 0);
 633                         if (size != sizeof(cur.cp_time))
 634                                 errx(1, "cp_time size mismatch");
 635                 }
 636                 if (Pflag) {
 637                         size = size_cp_times;
 638                         mysysctl("kern.cp_times", cur_cp_times, &size, NULL, 0);
 639                         if (size != size_cp_times)
 640                                 errx(1, "cp_times mismatch");
 641                 }
 642
 643                 tmp_dinfo = last.dinfo;
 644                 last.dinfo = cur.dinfo;
 645                 cur.dinfo = tmp_dinfo;
 646                 last.snap_time = cur.snap_time;
 647
 648                 /*
 649                  * Here what we want to do is refresh our device stats.
 650                  * getdevs() returns 1 when the device list has changed.
 651                  * If the device list has changed, we want to go through
 652                  * the selection process again, in case a device that we
 653                  * were previously displaying has gone away.
 654                  */
 655                 switch (devstat_getdevs(NULL, &cur)) {
 656                 case -1:
 657                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 658                         break;
 659                 case 1: {
 660                         int retval;
 661
 662                         num_devices = cur.dinfo->numdevs;
 663                         generation = cur.dinfo->generation;
 664
 665                         retval = devstat_selectdevs(&dev_select, &num_selected,
 666                                             &num_selections, &select_generation,
 667                                             generation, cur.dinfo->devices,
 668                                             num_devices, matches, num_matches,
 669                                             specified_devices,
 670                                             num_devices_specified, select_mode,
 671                                             maxshowdevs, 0);
 672                         switch (retval) {
 673                         case -1:
 674                                 errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 675                                 break;
 676                         case 1:
 677                                 printhdr(ncpus, cpumask);
 678                                 break;
 679                         default:
 680                                 break;
 681                         }
 682                 }
 683                 default:
 684                         break;
 685                 }
 686
 687                 fill_vmmeter(&sum);
 688                 fill_vmtotal(&total);
 689                 (void)printf("%2d %1d %1d",
 690                     total.t_rq - 1, total.t_dw + total.t_pw, total.t_sw);
 691 #define vmstat_pgtok(a) ((a) * (sum.v_page_size >> 10))
 692 #define rate(x) (((x) + halfuptime) / uptime)   /* round */
 693                 if (hflag) {
 694                         printf(" ");
 695                         prthuman(total.t_avm * (u_int64_t)sum.v_page_size, 7);
 696                         printf(" ");
 697                         prthuman(total.t_free * (u_int64_t)sum.v_page_size, 6);
 698                         printf(" ");
 699                 } else {
 700                         printf(" %7d ", vmstat_pgtok(total.t_avm));
 701                         printf(" %6d ", vmstat_pgtok(total.t_free));
 702                 }
 703                 (void)printf("%5lu ",
 704                     (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_vm_faults - osum.v_vm_faults));
 705                 (void)printf("%3lu ",
 706                     (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_reactivated - osum.v_reactivated));
 707                 (void)printf("%3lu ",
 708                     (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapin + sum.v_vnodein -
 709                     (osum.v_swapin + osum.v_vnodein)));
 710                 (void)printf("%3lu ",
 711                     (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swapout + sum.v_vnodeout -
 712                     (osum.v_swapout + osum.v_vnodeout)));
 713                 (void)printf("%5lu ",
 714                     (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_tfree - osum.v_tfree));
 715                 (void)printf("%3lu ",
 716                     (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_pdpages - osum.v_pdpages));
 717                 devstats();
 718                 (void)printf("%4lu %4lu %4lu",
 719                     (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_intr - osum.v_intr),
 720                     (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_syscall - osum.v_syscall),
 721                     (unsigned long)rate(sum.v_swtch - osum.v_swtch));
 722                 if (Pflag)
 723                         pcpustats(ncpus, cpumask, maxid);
 724                 else
 725                         cpustats();
 726                 (void)printf("\n");
 727                 (void)fflush(stdout);
 728                 if (reps >= 0 && --reps <= 0)
 729                         break;
 730                 osum = sum;
 731                 uptime = interval;
 732                 /*
 733                  * We round upward to avoid losing low-frequency events
 734                  * (i.e., >= 1 per interval but < 1 per second).
 735                  */
 736                 if (interval != 1)
 737                         halfuptime = (uptime + 1) / 2;
 738                 else
 739                         halfuptime = 0;
 740                 (void)sleep(interval);
 741         }
 742 }
 743
 744 static void
 745 printhdr(int ncpus, u_long cpumask)
 746 {
 747         int i, num_shown;
 748
 749         num_shown = (num_selected < maxshowdevs) ? num_selected : maxshowdevs;
 750         (void)printf(" procs      memory      page%*s", 19, "");
 751         if (num_shown > 1)
 752                 (void)printf(" disks %*s", num_shown * 4 - 7, "");
 753         else if (num_shown == 1)
 754                 (void)printf("disk");
 755         (void)printf("   faults         ");
 756         if (Pflag) {
 757                 for (i = 0; i < ncpus; i++) {
 758                         if (cpumask & (1ul << i))
 759                                 printf("cpu%-2d    ", i);
 760                 }
 761                 printf("\n");
 762         } else
 763                 printf("cpu\n");
 764         (void)printf(" r b w     avm    fre   flt  re  pi  po    fr  sr ");
 765         for (i = 0; i < num_devices; i++)
 766                 if ((dev_select[i].selected)
 767                  && (dev_select[i].selected <= maxshowdevs))
 768                         (void)printf("%c%c%d ", dev_select[i].device_name[0],
 769                                      dev_select[i].device_name[1],
 770                                      dev_select[i].unit_number);
 771         (void)printf("  in   sy   cs");
 772         if (Pflag) {
 773                 for (i = 0; i < ncpus; i++)
 774                         printf(" us sy id");
 775                 printf("\n");
 776         } else
 777                 printf(" us sy id\n");
 778         if (wresized != 0)
 779                 doresize();
 780         hdrcnt = winlines;
 781 }
 782
 783 /*
 784  * Force a header to be prepended to the next output.
 785  */
 786 static void
 787 needhdr(int dummy __unused)
 788 {
 789
 790         hdrcnt = 1;
 791 }
 792
 793 /*
 794  * When the terminal is resized, force an update of the maximum number of rows
 795  * printed between each header repetition.  Then force a new header to be
 796  * prepended to the next output.
 797  */
 798 void
 799 needresize(int signo)
 800 {
 801
 802         wresized = 1;
 803         hdrcnt = 1;
 804 }
 805
 806 /*
 807  * Update the global `winlines' count of terminal rows.
 808  */
 809 void
 810 doresize(void)
 811 {
 812         int status;
 813         struct winsize w;
 814
 815         for (;;) {
 816                 status = ioctl(fileno(stdout), TIOCGWINSZ, &w);
 817                 if (status == -1 && errno == EINTR)
 818                         continue;
 819                 else if (status == -1)
 820                         err(1, "ioctl");
 821                 if (w.ws_row > 3)
 822                         winlines = w.ws_row - 3;
 823                 else
 824                         winlines = VMSTAT_DEFAULT_LINES;
 825                 break;
 826         }
 827
 828         /*
 829          * Inhibit doresize() calls until we are rescheduled by SIGWINCH.
 830          */
 831         wresized = 0;
 832 }
 833
 834 #ifdef notyet
 835 static void
 836 dotimes(void)
 837 {
 838         unsigned int pgintime, rectime;
 839
 840         kread(X_REC, &rectime, sizeof(rectime));
 841         kread(X_PGIN, &pgintime, sizeof(pgintime));
 842         kread(X_SUM, &sum, sizeof(sum));
 843         (void)printf("%u reclaims, %u total time (usec)\n",
 844             sum.v_pgrec, rectime);
 845         (void)printf("average: %u usec / reclaim\n", rectime / sum.v_pgrec);
 846         (void)printf("\n");
 847         (void)printf("%u page ins, %u total time (msec)\n",
 848             sum.v_pgin, pgintime / 10);
 849         (void)printf("average: %8.1f msec / page in\n",
 850             pgintime / (sum.v_pgin * 10.0));
 851 }
 852 #endif
 853
 854 static long
 855 pct(long top, long bot)
 856 {
 857         long ans;
 858
 859         if (bot == 0)
 860                 return(0);
 861         ans = (quad_t)top * 100 / bot;
 862         return (ans);
 863 }
 864
 865 #define PCT(top, bot) pct((long)(top), (long)(bot))
 866
 867 static void
 868 dosum(void)
 869 {
 870         struct nchstats lnchstats;
 871         long nchtotal;
 872
 873         fill_vmmeter(&sum);
 874         (void)printf("%9u cpu context switches\n", sum.v_swtch);
 875         (void)printf("%9u device interrupts\n", sum.v_intr);
 876         (void)printf("%9u software interrupts\n", sum.v_soft);
 877         (void)printf("%9u traps\n", sum.v_trap);
 878         (void)printf("%9u system calls\n", sum.v_syscall);
 879         (void)printf("%9u kernel threads created\n", sum.v_kthreads);
 880         (void)printf("%9u  fork() calls\n", sum.v_forks);
 881         (void)printf("%9u vfork() calls\n", sum.v_vforks);
 882         (void)printf("%9u rfork() calls\n", sum.v_rforks);
 883         (void)printf("%9u swap pager pageins\n", sum.v_swapin);
 884         (void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_swappgsin);
 885         (void)printf("%9u swap pager pageouts\n", sum.v_swapout);
 886         (void)printf("%9u swap pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_swappgsout);
 887         (void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageins\n", sum.v_vnodein);
 888         (void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged in\n", sum.v_vnodepgsin);
 889         (void)printf("%9u vnode pager pageouts\n", sum.v_vnodeout);
 890         (void)printf("%9u vnode pager pages paged out\n", sum.v_vnodepgsout);
 891         (void)printf("%9u page daemon wakeups\n", sum.v_pdwakeups);
 892         (void)printf("%9u pages examined by the page daemon\n", sum.v_pdpages);
 893         (void)printf("%9u pages reactivated\n", sum.v_reactivated);
 894         (void)printf("%9u copy-on-write faults\n", sum.v_cow_faults);
 895         (void)printf("%9u copy-on-write optimized faults\n", sum.v_cow_optim);
 896         (void)printf("%9u zero fill pages zeroed\n", sum.v_zfod);
 897         (void)printf("%9u zero fill pages prezeroed\n", sum.v_ozfod);
 898         (void)printf("%9u intransit blocking page faults\n", sum.v_intrans);
 899         (void)printf("%9u total VM faults taken\n", sum.v_vm_faults);
 900         (void)printf("%9u pages affected by kernel thread creation\n", sum.v_kthreadpages);
 901         (void)printf("%9u pages affected by  fork()\n", sum.v_forkpages);
 902         (void)printf("%9u pages affected by vfork()\n", sum.v_vforkpages);
 903         (void)printf("%9u pages affected by rfork()\n", sum.v_rforkpages);
 904         (void)printf("%9u pages cached\n", sum.v_tcached);
 905         (void)printf("%9u pages freed\n", sum.v_tfree);
 906         (void)printf("%9u pages freed by daemon\n", sum.v_dfree);
 907         (void)printf("%9u pages freed by exiting processes\n", sum.v_pfree);
 908         (void)printf("%9u pages active\n", sum.v_active_count);
 909         (void)printf("%9u pages inactive\n", sum.v_inactive_count);
 910         (void)printf("%9u pages in VM cache\n", sum.v_cache_count);
 911         (void)printf("%9u pages wired down\n", sum.v_wire_count);
 912         (void)printf("%9u pages free\n", sum.v_free_count);
 913         (void)printf("%9u bytes per page\n", sum.v_page_size);
 914         if (kd != NULL) {
 915                 kread(X_NCHSTATS, &lnchstats, sizeof(lnchstats));
 916         } else {
 917                 size_t size = sizeof(lnchstats);
 918                 mysysctl("vfs.cache.nchstats", &lnchstats, &size, NULL, 0);
 919                 if (size != sizeof(lnchstats))
 920                         errx(1, "vfs.cache.nchstats size mismatch");
 921         }
 922         nchtotal = lnchstats.ncs_goodhits + lnchstats.ncs_neghits +
 923             lnchstats.ncs_badhits + lnchstats.ncs_falsehits +
 924             lnchstats.ncs_miss + lnchstats.ncs_long;
 925         (void)printf("%9ld total name lookups\n", nchtotal);
 926         (void)printf(
 927             "%9s cache hits (%ld%% pos + %ld%% neg) system %ld%% per-directory\n",
 928             "", PCT(lnchstats.ncs_goodhits, nchtotal),
 929             PCT(lnchstats.ncs_neghits, nchtotal),
 930             PCT(lnchstats.ncs_pass2, nchtotal));
 931         (void)printf("%9s deletions %ld%%, falsehits %ld%%, toolong %ld%%\n", "",
 932             PCT(lnchstats.ncs_badhits, nchtotal),
 933             PCT(lnchstats.ncs_falsehits, nchtotal),
 934             PCT(lnchstats.ncs_long, nchtotal));
 935 }
 936
 937 static void
 938 doforkst(void)
 939 {
 940         fill_vmmeter(&sum);
 941         (void)printf("%u forks, %u pages, average %.2f\n",
 942             sum.v_forks, sum.v_forkpages,
 943             sum.v_forks == 0 ? 0.0 :
 944             (double)sum.v_forkpages / sum.v_forks);
 945         (void)printf("%u vforks, %u pages, average %.2f\n",
 946             sum.v_vforks, sum.v_vforkpages,
 947             sum.v_vforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
 948             (double)sum.v_vforkpages / sum.v_vforks);
 949         (void)printf("%u rforks, %u pages, average %.2f\n",
 950             sum.v_rforks, sum.v_rforkpages,
 951             sum.v_rforks == 0 ? 0.0 :
 952             (double)sum.v_rforkpages / sum.v_rforks);
 953 }
 954
 955 static void
 956 devstats(void)
 957 {
 958         int dn, state;
 959         long double transfers_per_second;
 960         long double busy_seconds;
 961         long tmp;
 962
 963         for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
 964                 tmp = cur.cp_time[state];
 965                 cur.cp_time[state] -= last.cp_time[state];
 966                 last.cp_time[state] = tmp;
 967         }
 968
 969         busy_seconds = cur.snap_time - last.snap_time;
 970
 971         for (dn = 0; dn < num_devices; dn++) {
 972                 int di;
 973
 974                 if ((dev_select[dn].selected == 0)
 975                  || (dev_select[dn].selected > maxshowdevs))
 976                         continue;
 977
 978                 di = dev_select[dn].position;
 979
 980                 if (devstat_compute_statistics(&cur.dinfo->devices[di],
 981                     &last.dinfo->devices[di], busy_seconds,
 982                     DSM_TRANSFERS_PER_SECOND, &transfers_per_second,
 983                     DSM_NONE) != 0)
 984                         errx(1, "%s", devstat_errbuf);
 985
 986                 (void)printf("%3.0Lf ", transfers_per_second);
 987         }
 988 }
 989
 990 static void
 991 percent(double pct, int *over)
 992 {
 993         char buf[10];
 994         int l;
 995
 996         l = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%.0f", pct);
 997         if (l == 1 && *over) {
 998                 printf("%s",  buf);
 999                 (*over)--;
1000         } else
1001                 printf("%2s", buf);
1002         if (l > 2)
1003                 (*over)++;
1004 }
1005
1006 static void
1007 cpustats(void)
1008 {
1009         int state, over;
1010         double lpct, total;
1011
1012         total = 0;
1013         for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1014                 total += cur.cp_time[state];
1015         if (total)
1016                 lpct = 100.0 / total;
1017         else
1018                 lpct = 0.0;
1019         over = 0;
1020         printf(" ");
1021         percent((cur.cp_time[CP_USER] + cur.cp_time[CP_NICE]) * lpct, &over);
1022         printf(" ");
1023         percent((cur.cp_time[CP_SYS] + cur.cp_time[CP_INTR]) * lpct, &over);
1024         printf(" ");
1025         percent(cur.cp_time[CP_IDLE] * lpct, &over);
1026 }
1027
1028 static void
1029 pcpustats(int ncpus, u_long cpumask, int maxid)
1030 {
1031         int state, i;
1032         double lpct, total;
1033         long tmp;
1034         int over;
1035
1036         /* devstats does this for cp_time */
1037         for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1038                 if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1039                         continue;
1040                 for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state) {
1041                         tmp = cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1042                         cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] -= last_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1043                         last_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state] = tmp;
1044                 }
1045         }
1046
1047         over = 0;
1048         for (i = 0; i <= maxid; i++) {
1049                 if ((cpumask & (1ul << i)) == 0)
1050                         continue;
1051                 total = 0;
1052                 for (state = 0; state < CPUSTATES; ++state)
1053                         total += cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + state];
1054                 if (total)
1055                         lpct = 100.0 / total;
1056                 else
1057                         lpct = 0.0;
1058                 printf(" ");
1059                 percent((cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_USER] +
1060                          cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_NICE]) * lpct, &over);
1061                 printf(" ");
1062                 percent((cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_SYS] +
1063                          cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_INTR]) * lpct, &over);
1064                 printf(" ");
1065                 percent(cur_cp_times[i * CPUSTATES + CP_IDLE] * lpct, &over);
1066         }
1067 }
1068
1069 static void
1070 dointr(void)
1071 {
1072         unsigned long *intrcnt, uptime;
1073         uint64_t inttotal;
1074         size_t clen, inamlen, intrcntlen, istrnamlen;
1075         unsigned int i, nintr;
1076         char *intrname, *tintrname;
1077
1078         uptime = getuptime();
1079         if (kd != NULL) {
1080                 intrcntlen = namelist[X_EINTRCNT].n_value -
1081                     namelist[X_INTRCNT].n_value;
1082                 inamlen = namelist[X_EINTRNAMES].n_value -
1083                     namelist[X_INTRNAMES].n_value;
1084                 if ((intrcnt = malloc(intrcntlen)) == NULL ||
1085                     (intrname = malloc(inamlen)) == NULL)
1086                         err(1, "malloc()");
1087                 kread(X_INTRCNT, intrcnt, intrcntlen);
1088                 kread(X_INTRNAMES, intrname, inamlen);
1089         } else {
1090                 for (intrcnt = NULL, intrcntlen = 1024; ; intrcntlen *= 2) {
1091                         if ((intrcnt = reallocf(intrcnt, intrcntlen)) == NULL)
1092                                 err(1, "reallocf()");
1093                         if (mysysctl("hw.intrcnt",
1094                             intrcnt, &intrcntlen, NULL, 0) == 0)
1095                                 break;
1096                 }
1097                 for (intrname = NULL, inamlen = 1024; ; inamlen *= 2) {
1098                         if ((intrname = reallocf(intrname, inamlen)) == NULL)
1099                                 err(1, "reallocf()");
1100                         if (mysysctl("hw.intrnames",
1101                             intrname, &inamlen, NULL, 0) == 0)
1102                                 break;
1103                 }
1104         }
1105         nintr = intrcntlen / sizeof(unsigned long);
1106         tintrname = intrname;
1107         istrnamlen = strlen("interrupt");
1108         for (i = 0; i < nintr; i++) {
1109                 clen = strlen(tintrname);
1110                 if (clen > istrnamlen)
1111                         istrnamlen = clen;
1112                 tintrname += clen + 1;
1113         }
1114         (void)printf("%-*s %20s %10s\n", istrnamlen, "interrupt", "total",
1115             "rate");
1116         inttotal = 0;
1117         for (i = 0; i < nintr; i++) {
1118                 if (intrname[0] != '\0' && (*intrcnt != 0 || aflag))
1119                         (void)printf("%-*s %20lu %10lu\n", istrnamlen, intrname,
1120                             *intrcnt, *intrcnt / uptime);
1121                 intrname += strlen(intrname) + 1;
1122                 inttotal += *intrcnt++;
1123         }
1124         (void)printf("%-*s %20llu %10llu\n", istrnamlen, "Total",
1125             (long long)inttotal, (long long)(inttotal / uptime));
1126 }
1127
1128 static void
1129 domemstat_malloc(void)
1130 {
1131         struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1132         struct memory_type *mtp;
1133         int error, first, i;
1134
1135         mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1136         if (mtlp == NULL) {
1137                 warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1138                 return;
1139         }
1140         if (kd == NULL) {
1141                 if (memstat_sysctl_malloc(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1142                         warnx("memstat_sysctl_malloc: %s",
1143                             memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1144                         return;
1145                 }
1146         } else {
1147                 if (memstat_kvm_malloc(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1148                         error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1149                         if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1150                                 warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1151                                     kvm_geterr(kd));
1152                         else
1153                                 warnx("memstat_kvm_malloc: %s",
1154                                     memstat_strerror(error));
1155                 }
1156         }
1157         printf("%13s %5s %6s %7s %8s  Size(s)\n", "Type", "InUse", "MemUse",
1158             "HighUse", "Requests");
1159         for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1160             mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1161                 if (memstat_get_numallocs(mtp) == 0 &&
1162                     memstat_get_count(mtp) == 0)
1163                         continue;
1164                 printf("%13s %5lld %5lldK %7s %8lld  ",
1165                     memstat_get_name(mtp), memstat_get_count(mtp),
1166                     ((int64_t)memstat_get_bytes(mtp) + 1023) / 1024, "-",
1167                     memstat_get_numallocs(mtp));
1168                 first = 1;
1169                 for (i = 0; i < 32; i++) {
1170                         if (memstat_get_sizemask(mtp) & (1 << i)) {
1171                                 if (!first)
1172                                         printf(",");
1173                                 printf("%d", 1 << (i + 4));
1174                                 first = 0;
1175                         }
1176                 }
1177                 printf("\n");
1178         }
1179         memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1180 }
1181
1182 static void
1183 domemstat_zone(void)
1184 {
1185         struct memory_type_list *mtlp;
1186         struct memory_type *mtp;
1187         char name[MEMTYPE_MAXNAME + 1];
1188         int error;
1189
1190         mtlp = memstat_mtl_alloc();
1191         if (mtlp == NULL) {
1192                 warn("memstat_mtl_alloc");
1193                 return;
1194         }
1195         if (kd == NULL) {
1196                 if (memstat_sysctl_uma(mtlp, 0) < 0) {
1197                         warnx("memstat_sysctl_uma: %s",
1198                             memstat_strerror(memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp)));
1199                         return;
1200                 }
1201         } else {
1202                 if (memstat_kvm_uma(mtlp, kd) < 0) {
1203                         error = memstat_mtl_geterror(mtlp);
1204                         if (error == MEMSTAT_ERROR_KVM)
1205                                 warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1206                                     kvm_geterr(kd));
1207                         else
1208                                 warnx("memstat_kvm_uma: %s",
1209                                     memstat_strerror(error));
1210                 }
1211         }
1212         printf("%-20s %8s  %8s  %8s  %8s  %8s  %8s\n\n", "ITEM", "SIZE",
1213             "LIMIT", "USED", "FREE", "REQUESTS", "FAILURES");
1214         for (mtp = memstat_mtl_first(mtlp); mtp != NULL;
1215             mtp = memstat_mtl_next(mtp)) {
1216                 strlcpy(name, memstat_get_name(mtp), MEMTYPE_MAXNAME);
1217                 strcat(name, ":");
1218                 printf("%-20s %8llu, %8llu, %8llu, %8llu, %8llu, %8llu\n", name,
1219                     memstat_get_size(mtp), memstat_get_countlimit(mtp),
1220                     memstat_get_count(mtp), memstat_get_free(mtp),
1221                     memstat_get_numallocs(mtp), memstat_get_failures(mtp));
1222         }
1223         memstat_mtl_free(mtlp);
1224         printf("\n");
1225 }
1226
1227 /*
1228  * kread reads something from the kernel, given its nlist index.
1229  */
1230 static void
1231 kreado(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size, size_t offset)
1232 {
1233         const char *sym;
1234
1235         if (namelist[nlx].n_type == 0 || namelist[nlx].n_value == 0) {
1236                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1237                 if (*sym == '_')
1238                         ++sym;
1239                 errx(1, "symbol %s not defined", sym);
1240         }
1241         if ((size_t)kvm_read(kd, namelist[nlx].n_value + offset, addr,
1242             size) != size) {
1243                 sym = namelist[nlx].n_name;
1244                 if (*sym == '_')
1245                         ++sym;
1246                 errx(1, "%s: %s", sym, kvm_geterr(kd));
1247         }
1248 }
1249
1250 static void
1251 kread(int nlx, void *addr, size_t size)
1252 {
1253         kreado(nlx, addr, size, 0);
1254 }
1255
1256 static char *
1257 kgetstr(const char *strp)
1258 {
1259         int n = 0, size = 1;
1260         char *ret = NULL;
1261
1262         do {
1263                 if (size == n + 1) {
1264                         ret = realloc(ret, size);
1265                         if (ret == NULL)
1266                                 err(1, "%s: realloc", __func__);
1267                         size *= 2;
1268                 }
1269                 if (kvm_read(kd, (u_long)strp + n, &ret[n], 1) != 1)
1270                         errx(1, "%s: %s", __func__, kvm_geterr(kd));
1271         } while (ret[n++] != '\0');
1272         return (ret);
1273 }
1274
1275 static void
1276 usage(void)
1277 {
1278         (void)fprintf(stderr, "%s%s",
1279                 "usage: vmstat [-afimsz] [-c count] [-M core [-N system]] [-w wait]\n",
1280                 "              [-n devs] [-p type,if,pass] [disks]\n");
1281         exit(1);
1282 }