1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
18 20120530: p8 FreeBSD-SA-12:01.openssl (revised),
19 FreeBSD-SA-12:02.crypt
20 Update the previous openssl fix. [12:01]
22 Fix a bug in crypt(3) ignoring characters of a passphrase. [12:02]
24 20120503: p7 FreeBSD-SA-12:01.openssl
25 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities.
27 20120104: p6 FreeBSD-EN-12:01.freebsd-update
28 Extend the character set accepted by freebsd-update(8) in file
29 names in order to allow upgrades to FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE.
31 20111223: p5 FreeBSD-SA-11:06.bind, FreeBSD-SA-11:07.chroot
32 FreeBSD-SA-11:08.telnetd, FreeBSD-SA-11:09.pam_ssh
34 Fix a problem whereby a corrupt DNS record can cause named to crash.
37 Add an API for alerting internal libc routines to the presence of
38 "unsafe" paths post-chroot, and use it in ftpd. [11:07]
40 Fix a buffer overflow in telnetd. [11:08]
42 Make pam_ssh ignore unpassphrased keys unless the "nullok" option is
45 Add sanity checking of service names in pam_start. [11:10]
47 20111004: p4 FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix (revised)
48 Fix a bug in UNIX socket handling in the linux emulator which was
49 exposed by the security fix in FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix.
51 20110928: p3 FreeBSD-SA-11:04.compress, FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix
52 Fix handling of corrupt compress(1)ed data. [11:04]
54 Add missing length checks on unix socket addresses. [11:05]
56 20110528: p2 FreeBSD-SA-11:02.bind
57 Fix BIND remote DoS with large RRSIG RRsets and negative
60 20110420: p1 FreeBSD-SA-11:01.mountd
61 Fix CIDR parsing bug in mountd ACLs.
67 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
68 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
69 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
70 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
73 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
74 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
75 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
76 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
77 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
78 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
79 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
82 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
83 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
84 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
85 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
86 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
92 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
93 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
94 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
95 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
96 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
97 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
98 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
99 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
103 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
104 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
105 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
106 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
107 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
109 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
110 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
111 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
113 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
116 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
117 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
118 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
119 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
122 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
123 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
124 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
125 be modified accordingly.
128 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
129 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
130 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
136 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
137 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
140 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
141 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
144 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
145 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
146 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
153 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
154 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
155 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
158 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
159 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
160 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
163 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
164 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
165 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
166 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
167 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
170 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
171 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
172 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
173 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
174 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
177 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
178 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
179 configurations may need to be adjusted.
182 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
183 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
184 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
185 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
188 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
189 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
190 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
191 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
194 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
195 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
196 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
197 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
200 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
201 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
202 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
205 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
206 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
207 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
208 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
209 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
210 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
211 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
212 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
213 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
215 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
216 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
217 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
218 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
219 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
222 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
223 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
224 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
225 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
226 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
229 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
230 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
234 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
238 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
239 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
240 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
243 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
244 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
247 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
248 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
252 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
253 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
255 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
258 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
262 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
263 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
266 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
268 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
271 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
272 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
273 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
274 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
275 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
276 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
279 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
280 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
283 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
285 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
288 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
289 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
290 data to /etc/localtime.
293 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
294 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
297 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
298 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
299 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
300 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
301 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
302 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
305 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
306 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
307 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
308 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
309 correctly checking networking state from userland.
310 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
313 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
314 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
315 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
316 follows the IPv4 implementation.
318 For kernel developers:
320 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
321 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
322 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
324 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
325 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
326 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
327 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
329 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
330 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
331 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
332 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
333 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
334 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
335 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
336 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
337 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
338 multicast membership on-link.
339 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
340 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
341 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
343 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
344 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
346 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
347 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
350 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
351 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
352 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
353 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
355 For application developers:
357 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
360 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
361 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
363 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
364 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
365 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
366 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
368 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
369 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
370 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
371 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
372 Multicast Source Filters'.
374 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
376 For systems administrators:
378 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
379 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
380 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
381 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
382 returned by getifaddrs(3).
384 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
385 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
387 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
388 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
389 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
390 recommended for optimal system performance.
392 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
393 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
394 back forwarded datagrams.
396 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
399 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
400 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
403 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
404 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
405 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
406 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
409 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
410 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
411 state will require a world rebuild.
412 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
415 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
416 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
417 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
420 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
421 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
422 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
423 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
425 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
428 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
429 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
430 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
431 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
432 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
433 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
434 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
435 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
438 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
439 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
440 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
443 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
444 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
445 introduces some changes:
447 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
448 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
449 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
451 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
452 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
453 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
454 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
456 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
457 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
458 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
461 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
464 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
465 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
469 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
470 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
471 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
472 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
473 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
476 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
477 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
478 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
479 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
483 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
484 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
485 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
486 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
489 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
490 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
493 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
494 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
496 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
497 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
498 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
500 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
501 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
502 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
503 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
504 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
505 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
506 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
507 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
509 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
510 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
511 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
512 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
513 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
514 to preserve the existing behaviour.
516 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
517 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
518 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
519 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
520 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
522 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
523 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
524 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
527 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
528 recompiled to reflect this.
529 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
532 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
533 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
534 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
535 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
536 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
537 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
540 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
541 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
542 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
543 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
544 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
545 raised to allow such segments to be created.
548 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
549 network device driver modules.
552 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
553 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
556 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
557 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
558 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
559 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
560 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
564 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
565 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
566 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
570 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
571 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
573 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
574 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
575 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
578 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
579 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
580 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
581 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
582 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
583 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
585 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
586 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
588 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
589 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
592 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
593 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
594 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
597 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
598 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
599 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
600 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
604 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
605 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
608 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
609 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
610 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
611 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
612 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
613 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
616 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
617 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
618 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
619 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
622 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
623 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
624 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
625 in next mpd5.3 release.
628 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
629 the base system (it was a port).
632 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
633 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
636 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
637 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
638 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
639 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
640 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
641 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
642 none of the L2 information.
645 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
646 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
648 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
650 to their kernel config files when specifying:
654 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
655 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
656 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
657 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
660 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
661 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
662 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
663 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
664 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
668 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
669 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
670 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
671 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
674 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
677 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
678 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
679 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
680 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
681 controller add the following to loader.conf:
687 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
688 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
692 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
693 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
694 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
695 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
696 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
697 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
698 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
701 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
702 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
703 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
704 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
705 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
708 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
714 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
716 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
717 cause compilation to fail.
720 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
723 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
725 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
726 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
727 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
728 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
729 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
730 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
731 accepting the RSA key.
733 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
734 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
737 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
738 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
739 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
743 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
744 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
745 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
747 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
748 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
749 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
750 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
751 use the new device names.
753 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
754 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
755 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
756 at the loader prompt:
758 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
759 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
760 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
761 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
765 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
769 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
770 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
771 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
772 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
775 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
776 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
779 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
780 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
781 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
782 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
783 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
786 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
787 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
788 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
789 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
791 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
794 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
795 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
796 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
797 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
799 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
800 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
801 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
804 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
805 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
806 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
807 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
808 other operation levels.
811 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
812 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
813 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
814 compatibility with any prior release:
816 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
817 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
818 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
821 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
822 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
823 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
824 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
825 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
829 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
830 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
831 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
832 with older hardware easier to do.
835 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
836 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
839 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
840 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
841 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
845 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
849 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
850 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
851 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
852 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
853 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
854 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
855 third-party software might fail to build after this change
856 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
857 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
858 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
859 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
860 case that a portable fix is impossible.
863 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
864 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
865 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
868 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
869 functionality is the default now.
872 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
873 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
874 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
875 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
876 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
878 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
879 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
880 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
883 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
884 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
885 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
886 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
887 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
888 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
889 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
890 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
891 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
892 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
896 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
897 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
899 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
900 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
901 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
907 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
908 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
911 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
912 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
913 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
914 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
915 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
918 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
919 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
920 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
921 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
925 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
926 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
927 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
930 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
931 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
932 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
935 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
936 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
937 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
938 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
939 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
942 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
943 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
944 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
945 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
946 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
947 will change after some settling time.
950 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
951 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
955 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
956 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
960 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
961 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
962 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
963 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
966 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
967 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
968 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
969 the IPv4 network stack.
971 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
972 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
973 has now been removed.
975 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
976 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
977 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
978 updated to reflect this.
980 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
981 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
985 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
986 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
987 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
988 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
989 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
990 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
991 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
992 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
993 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
994 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
998 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
999 function and starts providing an account management function.
1000 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
1001 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
1002 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
1004 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1006 and change it according to this example:
1008 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1010 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
1011 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
1012 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
1013 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1016 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1017 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1018 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1019 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1022 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1023 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1024 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1025 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1026 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1027 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1031 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1032 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1033 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1034 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1035 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1036 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1037 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1039 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1040 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1041 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1044 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1045 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1046 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1047 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1050 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1051 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1054 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1055 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1056 base operating system should be recompiled.
1059 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1060 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1061 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1062 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1063 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1066 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1067 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1068 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1069 deprecated in previous releases.
1070 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1071 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1074 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1075 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1076 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1077 sync. For more info:
1078 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1081 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1082 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1083 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1084 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1087 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1088 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1089 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1090 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1091 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1092 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1093 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1094 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1095 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1098 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1099 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1100 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1101 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1102 ip_mroute.ko module.
1105 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1106 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1107 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1109 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1110 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1111 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1114 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1115 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1116 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1117 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1118 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1122 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1123 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1124 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1125 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1126 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1129 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1130 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1131 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1132 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1135 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1136 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1137 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1138 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1142 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1143 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1144 with exceptions of followings:
1145 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1146 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1147 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1148 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1149 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1150 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1151 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1152 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1155 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1156 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1157 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1158 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1159 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1160 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1162 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1164 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1165 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1166 the array the same way you built it originally.
1169 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1170 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1171 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1172 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1173 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1174 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1175 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1178 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1179 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1180 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1181 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1182 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1185 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1186 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1187 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1188 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1189 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1192 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1193 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1194 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1195 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1196 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1197 added to 'struct proc'.
1200 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1203 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1204 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1205 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1206 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1207 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1210 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1213 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1214 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1215 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1218 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1221 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1222 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1223 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1226 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1227 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1228 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1229 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1230 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1233 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1234 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1235 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1236 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1239 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1240 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1244 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1245 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1246 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1247 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1248 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1251 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1252 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1253 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1254 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1255 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1256 `make installworld' with:
1258 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1260 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1261 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1262 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1263 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1266 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1267 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1268 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1269 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1273 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1274 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1275 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1276 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1277 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1278 implements the interface to support it.
1281 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1282 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1283 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1284 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1288 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1289 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1290 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1291 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1292 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1293 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1294 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1295 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1296 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1298 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1301 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1302 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1305 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1306 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1307 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1308 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1312 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1313 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1314 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1317 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1318 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1321 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1322 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1323 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1324 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1325 on your next install.
1326 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1327 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1328 to your /etc/make.conf.
1331 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1332 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1333 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1336 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1337 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1338 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1341 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1342 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1345 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1346 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1347 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1348 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1351 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1352 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1353 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1356 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1357 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1358 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1362 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1363 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1364 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1365 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1366 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1367 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1368 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1369 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1372 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1373 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1374 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1377 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1378 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1381 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1382 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1385 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1386 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1387 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1390 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1391 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1392 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1393 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1394 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1395 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1399 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1400 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1403 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1404 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1407 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1408 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1409 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1410 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1414 RELENG_6 branched here.
1417 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1418 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1419 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1420 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1421 removable_interfaces.
1424 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1425 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1426 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1427 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1428 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1429 affect existing configurations.
1432 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1433 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1434 updated to the new APIs.
1437 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1438 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1439 will not behave correctly.
1441 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1442 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1443 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1446 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1447 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1448 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1449 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1450 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1452 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1453 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1457 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1458 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1461 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1462 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1463 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1464 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1465 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1466 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1467 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1470 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1471 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1472 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1473 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1476 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1477 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1478 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1481 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1482 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1483 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1487 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1488 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1489 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1490 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1493 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1494 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1495 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1496 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1497 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1498 none at this point.)
1501 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1502 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1505 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1506 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1507 with the new kernel.
1510 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1511 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1512 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1515 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1516 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1517 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1518 if you have updated the kernel.
1520 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1521 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1522 mounting the new volume.
1525 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1526 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1527 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1528 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1531 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1532 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1535 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1536 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1537 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1538 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1539 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1540 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1543 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1544 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1545 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1546 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1547 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1550 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1551 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1552 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1553 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1554 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1555 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1556 and wlan_xauth as required.
1559 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1560 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1561 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1562 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1566 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1567 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1568 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1569 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1570 the module when a wep key is configured).
1573 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1574 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1575 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1578 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1579 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1582 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1583 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1584 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1585 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1586 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1587 their /etc/rc scripts.
1590 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1593 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1594 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1595 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1598 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1599 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1600 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1603 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1604 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1610 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1611 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1612 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1613 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1614 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1615 on the -current branch).
1617 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1618 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1619 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1620 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1621 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1622 page for more details.
1624 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1625 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1626 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1627 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1628 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1633 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1636 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1637 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1639 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1641 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1642 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1643 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1645 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1649 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1650 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1651 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1653 make kernel-toolchain
1654 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1655 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1657 To test a kernel once
1658 ---------------------
1659 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1660 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1661 debugging information) run
1662 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1663 nextboot -k testkernel
1665 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1666 --------------------------------------------------------------
1667 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1668 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1669 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1671 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1672 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1673 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1678 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1680 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1681 -----------------------------------------------------------
1682 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1683 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1685 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1687 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1689 <reboot in single user> [3]
1697 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1698 --------------------------------------------------
1699 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1700 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1701 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1704 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1707 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1708 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1709 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1710 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1711 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1712 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1713 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1714 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1715 <reboot into current>
1716 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1717 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1721 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1722 ----------------------------------------------
1723 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1725 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1727 <reboot in single user> [3]
1734 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1735 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1736 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1737 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1738 the UPDATING entries.
1740 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1741 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1742 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1743 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1744 much fewer pitfalls.
1746 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1747 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1750 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1755 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1756 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1757 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1759 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1760 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1761 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1762 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1763 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1764 for potential gotchas.
1766 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1767 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1768 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1769 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1770 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1771 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1773 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1774 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1775 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1776 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1777 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1779 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1780 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1782 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1783 cvs prune empty directories.
1785 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1786 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1787 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1789 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1790 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1791 warn if it is improperly defined.
1794 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1795 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1796 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1797 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1799 Copyright information:
1801 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1803 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1804 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1805 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1807 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1808 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1809 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1810 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1811 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1812 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1813 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1814 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1815 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1816 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1817 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1819 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1822 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of