1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
18 20120612: p9 FreeBSD-SA-12:03.bind
19 FreeBSD-SA-12:04.sysret
20 FreeBSD-EN-12:02.ipv6refcount
21 Fix a problem where zero-length RDATA fields can cause named to crash.
24 Correct a privilege escalation when returning from kernel if
25 running FreeBSD/amd64 on non-AMD processors. [12:04]
27 Fix reference count errors in IPv6 code. [EN-12:02]
29 20120530: p8 FreeBSD-SA-12:01.openssl (revised),
30 FreeBSD-SA-12:02.crypt
31 Update the previous openssl fix. [12:01]
33 Fix a bug in crypt(3) ignoring characters of a passphrase. [12:02]
35 20120503: p7 FreeBSD-SA-12:01.openssl
36 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities.
38 20120104: p6 FreeBSD-EN-12:01.freebsd-update
39 Extend the character set accepted by freebsd-update(8) in file
40 names in order to allow upgrades to FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE.
42 20111223: p5 FreeBSD-SA-11:06.bind, FreeBSD-SA-11:07.chroot
43 FreeBSD-SA-11:08.telnetd, FreeBSD-SA-11:09.pam_ssh
45 Fix a problem whereby a corrupt DNS record can cause named to crash.
48 Add an API for alerting internal libc routines to the presence of
49 "unsafe" paths post-chroot, and use it in ftpd. [11:07]
51 Fix a buffer overflow in telnetd. [11:08]
53 Make pam_ssh ignore unpassphrased keys unless the "nullok" option is
56 Add sanity checking of service names in pam_start. [11:10]
58 20111004: p4 FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix (revised)
59 Fix a bug in UNIX socket handling in the linux emulator which was
60 exposed by the security fix in FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix.
62 20110928: p3 FreeBSD-SA-11:04.compress, FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix
63 Fix handling of corrupt compress(1)ed data. [11:04]
65 Add missing length checks on unix socket addresses. [11:05]
67 20110528: p2 FreeBSD-SA-11:02.bind
68 Fix BIND remote DoS with large RRSIG RRsets and negative
71 20110420: p1 FreeBSD-SA-11:01.mountd
72 Fix CIDR parsing bug in mountd ACLs.
78 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
79 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
80 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
81 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
84 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
85 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
86 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
87 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
88 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
89 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
90 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
93 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
94 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
95 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
96 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
97 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
103 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
104 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
105 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
106 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
107 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
108 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
109 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
110 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
114 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
115 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
116 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
117 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
118 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
120 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
121 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
122 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
124 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
127 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
128 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
129 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
130 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
133 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
134 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
135 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
136 be modified accordingly.
139 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
140 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
141 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
147 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
148 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
151 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
152 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
155 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
156 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
157 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
164 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
165 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
166 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
169 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
170 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
171 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
174 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
175 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
176 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
177 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
178 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
181 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
182 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
183 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
184 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
185 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
188 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
189 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
190 configurations may need to be adjusted.
193 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
194 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
195 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
196 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
199 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
200 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
201 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
202 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
205 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
206 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
207 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
208 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
211 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
212 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
213 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
216 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
217 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
218 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
219 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
220 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
221 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
222 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
223 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
224 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
226 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
227 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
228 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
229 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
230 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
233 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
234 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
235 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
236 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
237 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
240 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
241 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
245 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
249 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
250 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
251 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
254 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
255 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
258 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
259 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
263 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
264 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
266 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
269 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
273 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
274 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
277 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
279 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
282 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
283 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
284 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
285 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
286 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
287 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
290 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
291 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
294 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
296 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
299 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
300 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
301 data to /etc/localtime.
304 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
305 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
308 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
309 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
310 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
311 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
312 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
313 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
316 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
317 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
318 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
319 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
320 correctly checking networking state from userland.
321 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
324 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
325 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
326 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
327 follows the IPv4 implementation.
329 For kernel developers:
331 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
332 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
333 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
335 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
336 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
337 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
338 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
340 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
341 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
342 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
343 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
344 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
345 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
346 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
347 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
348 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
349 multicast membership on-link.
350 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
351 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
352 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
354 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
355 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
357 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
358 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
361 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
362 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
363 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
364 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
366 For application developers:
368 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
371 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
372 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
374 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
375 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
376 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
377 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
379 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
380 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
381 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
382 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
383 Multicast Source Filters'.
385 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
387 For systems administrators:
389 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
390 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
391 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
392 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
393 returned by getifaddrs(3).
395 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
396 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
398 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
399 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
400 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
401 recommended for optimal system performance.
403 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
404 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
405 back forwarded datagrams.
407 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
410 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
411 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
414 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
415 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
416 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
417 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
420 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
421 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
422 state will require a world rebuild.
423 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
426 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
427 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
428 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
431 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
432 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
433 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
434 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
436 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
439 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
440 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
441 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
442 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
443 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
444 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
445 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
446 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
449 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
450 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
451 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
454 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
455 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
456 introduces some changes:
458 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
459 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
460 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
462 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
463 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
464 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
465 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
467 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
468 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
469 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
472 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
475 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
476 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
480 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
481 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
482 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
483 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
484 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
487 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
488 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
489 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
490 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
494 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
495 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
496 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
497 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
500 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
501 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
504 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
505 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
507 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
508 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
509 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
511 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
512 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
513 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
514 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
515 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
516 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
517 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
518 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
520 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
521 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
522 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
523 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
524 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
525 to preserve the existing behaviour.
527 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
528 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
529 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
530 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
531 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
533 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
534 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
535 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
538 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
539 recompiled to reflect this.
540 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
543 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
544 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
545 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
546 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
547 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
548 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
551 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
552 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
553 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
554 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
555 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
556 raised to allow such segments to be created.
559 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
560 network device driver modules.
563 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
564 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
567 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
568 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
569 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
570 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
571 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
575 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
576 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
577 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
581 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
582 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
584 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
585 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
586 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
589 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
590 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
591 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
592 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
593 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
594 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
596 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
597 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
599 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
600 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
603 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
604 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
605 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
608 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
609 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
610 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
611 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
615 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
616 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
619 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
620 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
621 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
622 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
623 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
624 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
627 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
628 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
629 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
630 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
633 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
634 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
635 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
636 in next mpd5.3 release.
639 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
640 the base system (it was a port).
643 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
644 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
647 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
648 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
649 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
650 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
651 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
652 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
653 none of the L2 information.
656 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
657 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
659 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
661 to their kernel config files when specifying:
665 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
666 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
667 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
668 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
671 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
672 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
673 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
674 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
675 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
679 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
680 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
681 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
682 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
685 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
688 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
689 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
690 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
691 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
692 controller add the following to loader.conf:
698 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
699 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
703 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
704 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
705 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
706 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
707 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
708 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
709 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
712 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
713 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
714 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
715 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
716 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
719 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
725 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
727 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
728 cause compilation to fail.
731 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
734 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
736 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
737 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
738 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
739 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
740 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
741 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
742 accepting the RSA key.
744 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
745 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
748 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
749 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
750 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
754 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
755 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
756 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
758 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
759 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
760 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
761 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
762 use the new device names.
764 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
765 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
766 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
767 at the loader prompt:
769 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
770 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
771 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
772 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
776 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
780 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
781 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
782 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
783 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
786 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
787 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
790 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
791 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
792 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
793 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
794 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
797 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
798 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
799 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
800 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
802 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
805 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
806 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
807 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
808 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
810 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
811 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
812 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
815 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
816 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
817 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
818 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
819 other operation levels.
822 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
823 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
824 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
825 compatibility with any prior release:
827 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
828 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
829 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
832 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
833 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
834 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
835 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
836 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
840 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
841 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
842 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
843 with older hardware easier to do.
846 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
847 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
850 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
851 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
852 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
856 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
860 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
861 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
862 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
863 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
864 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
865 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
866 third-party software might fail to build after this change
867 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
868 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
869 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
870 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
871 case that a portable fix is impossible.
874 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
875 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
876 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
879 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
880 functionality is the default now.
883 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
884 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
885 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
886 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
887 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
889 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
890 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
891 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
894 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
895 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
896 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
897 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
898 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
899 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
900 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
901 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
902 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
903 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
907 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
908 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
910 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
911 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
912 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
918 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
919 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
922 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
923 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
924 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
925 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
926 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
929 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
930 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
931 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
932 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
936 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
937 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
938 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
941 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
942 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
943 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
946 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
947 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
948 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
949 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
950 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
953 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
954 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
955 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
956 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
957 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
958 will change after some settling time.
961 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
962 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
966 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
967 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
971 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
972 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
973 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
974 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
977 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
978 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
979 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
980 the IPv4 network stack.
982 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
983 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
984 has now been removed.
986 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
987 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
988 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
989 updated to reflect this.
991 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
992 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
996 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
997 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
998 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
999 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
1000 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
1001 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
1002 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
1003 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
1004 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
1005 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
1009 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
1010 function and starts providing an account management function.
1011 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
1012 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
1013 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
1015 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1017 and change it according to this example:
1019 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1021 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
1022 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
1023 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
1024 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1027 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1028 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1029 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1030 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1033 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1034 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1035 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1036 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1037 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1038 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1042 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1043 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1044 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1045 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1046 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1047 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1048 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1050 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1051 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1052 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1055 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1056 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1057 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1058 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1061 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1062 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1065 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1066 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1067 base operating system should be recompiled.
1070 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1071 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1072 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1073 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1074 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1077 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1078 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1079 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1080 deprecated in previous releases.
1081 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1082 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1085 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1086 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1087 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1088 sync. For more info:
1089 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1092 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1093 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1094 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1095 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1098 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1099 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1100 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1101 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1102 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1103 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1104 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1105 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1106 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1109 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1110 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1111 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1112 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1113 ip_mroute.ko module.
1116 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1117 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1118 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1120 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1121 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1122 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1125 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1126 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1127 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1128 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1129 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1133 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1134 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1135 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1136 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1137 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1140 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1141 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1142 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1143 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1146 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1147 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1148 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1149 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1153 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1154 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1155 with exceptions of followings:
1156 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1157 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1158 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1159 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1160 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1161 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1162 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1163 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1166 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1167 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1168 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1169 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1170 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1171 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1173 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1175 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1176 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1177 the array the same way you built it originally.
1180 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1181 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1182 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1183 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1184 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1185 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1186 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1189 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1190 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1191 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1192 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1193 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1196 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1197 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1198 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1199 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1200 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1203 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1204 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1205 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1206 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1207 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1208 added to 'struct proc'.
1211 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1214 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1215 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1216 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1217 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1218 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1221 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1224 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1225 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1226 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1229 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1232 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1233 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1234 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1237 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1238 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1239 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1240 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1241 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1244 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1245 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1246 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1247 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1250 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1251 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1255 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1256 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1257 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1258 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1259 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1262 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1263 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1264 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1265 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1266 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1267 `make installworld' with:
1269 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1271 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1272 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1273 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1274 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1277 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1278 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1279 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1280 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1284 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1285 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1286 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1287 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1288 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1289 implements the interface to support it.
1292 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1293 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1294 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1295 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1299 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1300 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1301 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1302 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1303 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1304 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1305 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1306 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1307 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1309 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1312 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1313 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1316 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1317 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1318 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1319 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1323 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1324 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1325 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1328 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1329 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1332 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1333 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1334 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1335 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1336 on your next install.
1337 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1338 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1339 to your /etc/make.conf.
1342 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1343 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1344 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1347 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1348 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1349 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1352 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1353 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1356 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1357 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1358 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1359 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1362 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1363 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1364 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1367 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1368 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1369 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1373 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1374 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1375 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1376 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1377 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1378 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1379 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1380 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1383 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1384 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1385 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1388 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1389 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1392 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1393 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1396 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1397 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1398 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1401 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1402 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1403 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1404 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1405 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1406 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1410 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1411 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1414 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1415 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1418 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1419 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1420 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1421 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1425 RELENG_6 branched here.
1428 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1429 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1430 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1431 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1432 removable_interfaces.
1435 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1436 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1437 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1438 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1439 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1440 affect existing configurations.
1443 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1444 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1445 updated to the new APIs.
1448 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1449 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1450 will not behave correctly.
1452 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1453 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1454 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1457 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1458 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1459 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1460 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1461 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1463 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1464 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1468 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1469 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1472 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1473 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1474 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1475 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1476 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1477 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1478 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1481 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1482 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1483 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1484 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1487 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1488 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1489 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1492 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1493 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1494 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1498 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1499 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1500 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1501 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1504 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1505 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1506 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1507 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1508 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1509 none at this point.)
1512 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1513 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1516 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1517 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1518 with the new kernel.
1521 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1522 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1523 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1526 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1527 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1528 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1529 if you have updated the kernel.
1531 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1532 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1533 mounting the new volume.
1536 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1537 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1538 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1539 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1542 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1543 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1546 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1547 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1548 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1549 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1550 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1551 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1554 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1555 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1556 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1557 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1558 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1561 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1562 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1563 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1564 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1565 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1566 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1567 and wlan_xauth as required.
1570 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1571 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1572 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1573 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1577 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1578 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1579 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1580 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1581 the module when a wep key is configured).
1584 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1585 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1586 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1589 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1590 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1593 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1594 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1595 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1596 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1597 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1598 their /etc/rc scripts.
1601 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1604 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1605 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1606 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1609 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1610 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1611 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1614 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1615 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1621 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1622 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1623 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1624 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1625 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1626 on the -current branch).
1628 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1629 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1630 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1631 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1632 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1633 page for more details.
1635 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1636 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1637 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1638 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1639 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1644 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1647 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1648 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1650 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1652 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1653 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1654 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1656 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1660 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1661 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1662 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1664 make kernel-toolchain
1665 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1666 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1668 To test a kernel once
1669 ---------------------
1670 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1671 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1672 debugging information) run
1673 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1674 nextboot -k testkernel
1676 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1677 --------------------------------------------------------------
1678 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1679 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1680 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1682 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1683 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1684 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1689 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1691 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1692 -----------------------------------------------------------
1693 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1694 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1696 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1698 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1700 <reboot in single user> [3]
1708 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1709 --------------------------------------------------
1710 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1711 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1712 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1715 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1718 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1719 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1720 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1721 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1722 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1723 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1724 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1725 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1726 <reboot into current>
1727 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1728 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1732 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1733 ----------------------------------------------
1734 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1736 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1738 <reboot in single user> [3]
1745 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1746 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1747 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1748 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1749 the UPDATING entries.
1751 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1752 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1753 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1754 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1755 much fewer pitfalls.
1757 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1758 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1761 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1766 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1767 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1768 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1770 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1771 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1772 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1773 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1774 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1775 for potential gotchas.
1777 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1778 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1779 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1780 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1781 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1782 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1784 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1785 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1786 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1787 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1788 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1790 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1791 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1793 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1794 cvs prune empty directories.
1796 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1797 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1798 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1800 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1801 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1802 warn if it is improperly defined.
1805 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1806 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1807 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1808 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1810 Copyright information:
1812 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1814 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1815 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1816 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1818 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1819 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1820 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1821 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1822 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1823 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1824 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1825 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1826 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1827 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1828 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1830 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1833 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of