1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
18 20120806: p10 FreeBSD-SA-12:05.bind
19 Fix named(8) DNSSEC validation Denial of Service.
21 20120612: p9 FreeBSD-SA-12:03.bind
22 FreeBSD-SA-12:04.sysret
23 FreeBSD-EN-12:02.ipv6refcount
24 Fix a problem where zero-length RDATA fields can cause named to crash.
27 Correct a privilege escalation when returning from kernel if
28 running FreeBSD/amd64 on non-AMD processors. [12:04]
30 Fix reference count errors in IPv6 code. [EN-12:02]
32 20120530: p8 FreeBSD-SA-12:01.openssl (revised),
33 FreeBSD-SA-12:02.crypt
34 Update the previous openssl fix. [12:01]
36 Fix a bug in crypt(3) ignoring characters of a passphrase. [12:02]
38 20120503: p7 FreeBSD-SA-12:01.openssl
39 Fix multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities.
41 20120104: p6 FreeBSD-EN-12:01.freebsd-update
42 Extend the character set accepted by freebsd-update(8) in file
43 names in order to allow upgrades to FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE.
45 20111223: p5 FreeBSD-SA-11:06.bind, FreeBSD-SA-11:07.chroot
46 FreeBSD-SA-11:08.telnetd, FreeBSD-SA-11:09.pam_ssh
48 Fix a problem whereby a corrupt DNS record can cause named to crash.
51 Add an API for alerting internal libc routines to the presence of
52 "unsafe" paths post-chroot, and use it in ftpd. [11:07]
54 Fix a buffer overflow in telnetd. [11:08]
56 Make pam_ssh ignore unpassphrased keys unless the "nullok" option is
59 Add sanity checking of service names in pam_start. [11:10]
61 20111004: p4 FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix (revised)
62 Fix a bug in UNIX socket handling in the linux emulator which was
63 exposed by the security fix in FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix.
65 20110928: p3 FreeBSD-SA-11:04.compress, FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix
66 Fix handling of corrupt compress(1)ed data. [11:04]
68 Add missing length checks on unix socket addresses. [11:05]
70 20110528: p2 FreeBSD-SA-11:02.bind
71 Fix BIND remote DoS with large RRSIG RRsets and negative
74 20110420: p1 FreeBSD-SA-11:01.mountd
75 Fix CIDR parsing bug in mountd ACLs.
81 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
82 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
83 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
84 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
87 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
88 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
89 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
90 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
91 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
92 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
93 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
96 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
97 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
98 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
99 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
100 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
106 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
107 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
108 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
109 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
110 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
111 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
112 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
113 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
117 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
118 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
119 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
120 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
121 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
123 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
124 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
125 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
127 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
130 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
131 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
132 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
133 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
136 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
137 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
138 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
139 be modified accordingly.
142 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
143 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
144 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
150 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
151 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
154 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
155 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
158 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
159 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
160 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
167 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
168 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
169 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
172 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
173 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
174 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
177 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
178 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
179 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
180 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
181 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
184 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
185 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
186 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
187 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
188 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
191 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
192 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
193 configurations may need to be adjusted.
196 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
197 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
198 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
199 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
202 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
203 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
204 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
205 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
208 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
209 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
210 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
211 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
214 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
215 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
216 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
219 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
220 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
221 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
222 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
223 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
224 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
225 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
226 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
227 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
229 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
230 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
231 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
232 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
233 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
236 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
237 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
238 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
239 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
240 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
243 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
244 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
248 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
252 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
253 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
254 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
257 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
258 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
261 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
262 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
266 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
267 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
269 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
272 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
276 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
277 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
280 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
282 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
285 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
286 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
287 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
288 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
289 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
290 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
293 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
294 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
297 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
299 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
302 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
303 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
304 data to /etc/localtime.
307 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
308 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
311 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
312 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
313 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
314 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
315 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
316 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
319 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
320 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
321 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
322 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
323 correctly checking networking state from userland.
324 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
327 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
328 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
329 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
330 follows the IPv4 implementation.
332 For kernel developers:
334 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
335 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
336 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
338 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
339 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
340 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
341 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
343 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
344 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
345 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
346 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
347 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
348 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
349 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
350 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
351 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
352 multicast membership on-link.
353 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
354 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
355 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
357 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
358 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
360 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
361 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
364 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
365 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
366 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
367 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
369 For application developers:
371 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
374 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
375 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
377 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
378 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
379 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
380 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
382 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
383 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
384 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
385 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
386 Multicast Source Filters'.
388 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
390 For systems administrators:
392 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
393 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
394 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
395 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
396 returned by getifaddrs(3).
398 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
399 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
401 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
402 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
403 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
404 recommended for optimal system performance.
406 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
407 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
408 back forwarded datagrams.
410 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
413 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
414 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
417 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
418 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
419 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
420 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
423 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
424 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
425 state will require a world rebuild.
426 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
429 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
430 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
431 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
434 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
435 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
436 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
437 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
439 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
442 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
443 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
444 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
445 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
446 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
447 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
448 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
449 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
452 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
453 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
454 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
457 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
458 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
459 introduces some changes:
461 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
462 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
463 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
465 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
466 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
467 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
468 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
470 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
471 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
472 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
475 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
478 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
479 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
483 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
484 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
485 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
486 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
487 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
490 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
491 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
492 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
493 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
497 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
498 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
499 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
500 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
503 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
504 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
507 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
508 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
510 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
511 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
512 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
514 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
515 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
516 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
517 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
518 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
519 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
520 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
521 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
523 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
524 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
525 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
526 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
527 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
528 to preserve the existing behaviour.
530 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
531 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
532 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
533 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
534 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
536 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
537 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
538 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
541 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
542 recompiled to reflect this.
543 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
546 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
547 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
548 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
549 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
550 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
551 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
554 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
555 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
556 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
557 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
558 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
559 raised to allow such segments to be created.
562 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
563 network device driver modules.
566 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
567 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
570 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
571 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
572 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
573 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
574 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
578 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
579 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
580 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
584 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
585 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
587 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
588 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
589 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
592 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
593 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
594 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
595 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
596 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
597 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
599 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
600 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
602 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
603 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
606 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
607 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
608 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
611 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
612 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
613 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
614 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
618 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
619 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
622 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
623 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
624 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
625 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
626 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
627 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
630 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
631 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
632 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
633 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
636 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
637 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
638 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
639 in next mpd5.3 release.
642 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
643 the base system (it was a port).
646 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
647 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
650 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
651 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
652 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
653 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
654 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
655 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
656 none of the L2 information.
659 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
660 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
662 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
664 to their kernel config files when specifying:
668 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
669 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
670 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
671 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
674 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
675 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
676 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
677 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
678 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
682 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
683 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
684 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
685 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
688 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
691 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
692 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
693 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
694 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
695 controller add the following to loader.conf:
701 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
702 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
706 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
707 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
708 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
709 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
710 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
711 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
712 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
715 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
716 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
717 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
718 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
719 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
722 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
728 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
730 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
731 cause compilation to fail.
734 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
737 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
739 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
740 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
741 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
742 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
743 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
744 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
745 accepting the RSA key.
747 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
748 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
751 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
752 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
753 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
757 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
758 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
759 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
761 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
762 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
763 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
764 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
765 use the new device names.
767 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
768 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
769 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
770 at the loader prompt:
772 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
773 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
774 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
775 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
779 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
783 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
784 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
785 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
786 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
789 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
790 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
793 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
794 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
795 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
796 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
797 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
800 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
801 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
802 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
803 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
805 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
808 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
809 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
810 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
811 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
813 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
814 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
815 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
818 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
819 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
820 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
821 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
822 other operation levels.
825 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
826 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
827 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
828 compatibility with any prior release:
830 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
831 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
832 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
835 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
836 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
837 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
838 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
839 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
843 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
844 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
845 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
846 with older hardware easier to do.
849 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
850 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
853 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
854 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
855 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
859 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
863 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
864 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
865 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
866 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
867 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
868 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
869 third-party software might fail to build after this change
870 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
871 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
872 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
873 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
874 case that a portable fix is impossible.
877 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
878 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
879 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
882 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
883 functionality is the default now.
886 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
887 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
888 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
889 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
890 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
892 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
893 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
894 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
897 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
898 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
899 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
900 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
901 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
902 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
903 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
904 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
905 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
906 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
910 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
911 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
913 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
914 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
915 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
921 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
922 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
925 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
926 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
927 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
928 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
929 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
932 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
933 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
934 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
935 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
939 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
940 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
941 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
944 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
945 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
946 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
949 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
950 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
951 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
952 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
953 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
956 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
957 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
958 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
959 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
960 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
961 will change after some settling time.
964 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
965 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
969 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
970 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
974 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
975 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
976 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
977 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
980 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
981 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
982 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
983 the IPv4 network stack.
985 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
986 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
987 has now been removed.
989 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
990 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
991 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
992 updated to reflect this.
994 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
995 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
999 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
1000 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
1001 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
1002 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
1003 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
1004 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
1005 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
1006 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
1007 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
1008 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
1012 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
1013 function and starts providing an account management function.
1014 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
1015 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
1016 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
1018 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1020 and change it according to this example:
1022 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1024 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
1025 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
1026 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
1027 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1030 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1031 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1032 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1033 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1036 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1037 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1038 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1039 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1040 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1041 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1045 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1046 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1047 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1048 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1049 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1050 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1051 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1053 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1054 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1055 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1058 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1059 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1060 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1061 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1064 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1065 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1068 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1069 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1070 base operating system should be recompiled.
1073 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1074 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1075 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1076 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1077 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1080 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1081 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1082 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1083 deprecated in previous releases.
1084 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1085 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1088 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1089 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1090 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1091 sync. For more info:
1092 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1095 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1096 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1097 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1098 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1101 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1102 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1103 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1104 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1105 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1106 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1107 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1108 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1109 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1112 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1113 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1114 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1115 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1116 ip_mroute.ko module.
1119 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1120 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1121 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1123 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1124 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1125 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1128 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1129 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1130 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1131 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1132 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1136 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1137 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1138 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1139 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1140 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1143 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1144 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1145 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1146 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1149 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1150 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1151 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1152 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1156 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1157 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1158 with exceptions of followings:
1159 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1160 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1161 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1162 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1163 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1164 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1165 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1166 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1169 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1170 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1171 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1172 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1173 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1174 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1176 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1178 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1179 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1180 the array the same way you built it originally.
1183 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1184 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1185 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1186 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1187 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1188 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1189 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1192 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1193 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1194 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1195 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1196 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1199 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1200 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1201 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1202 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1203 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1206 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1207 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1208 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1209 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1210 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1211 added to 'struct proc'.
1214 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1217 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1218 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1219 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1220 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1221 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1224 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1227 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1228 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1229 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1232 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1235 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1236 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1237 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1240 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1241 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1242 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1243 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1244 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1247 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1248 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1249 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1250 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1253 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1254 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1258 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1259 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1260 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1261 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1262 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1265 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1266 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1267 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1268 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1269 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1270 `make installworld' with:
1272 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1274 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1275 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1276 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1277 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1280 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1281 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1282 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1283 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1287 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1288 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1289 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1290 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1291 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1292 implements the interface to support it.
1295 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1296 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1297 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1298 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1302 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1303 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1304 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1305 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1306 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1307 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1308 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1309 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1310 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1312 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1315 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1316 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1319 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1320 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1321 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1322 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1326 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1327 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1328 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1331 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1332 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1335 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1336 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1337 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1338 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1339 on your next install.
1340 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1341 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1342 to your /etc/make.conf.
1345 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1346 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1347 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1350 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1351 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1352 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1355 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1356 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1359 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1360 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1361 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1362 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1365 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1366 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1367 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1370 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1371 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1372 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1376 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1377 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1378 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1379 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1380 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1381 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1382 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1383 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1386 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1387 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1388 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1391 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1392 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1395 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1396 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1399 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1400 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1401 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1404 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1405 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1406 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1407 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1408 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1409 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1413 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1414 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1417 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1418 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1421 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1422 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1423 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1424 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1428 RELENG_6 branched here.
1431 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1432 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1433 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1434 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1435 removable_interfaces.
1438 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1439 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1440 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1441 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1442 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1443 affect existing configurations.
1446 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1447 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1448 updated to the new APIs.
1451 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1452 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1453 will not behave correctly.
1455 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1456 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1457 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1460 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1461 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1462 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1463 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1464 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1466 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1467 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1471 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1472 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1475 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1476 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1477 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1478 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1479 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1480 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1481 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1484 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1485 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1486 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1487 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1490 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1491 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1492 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1495 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1496 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1497 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1501 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1502 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1503 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1504 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1507 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1508 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1509 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1510 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1511 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1512 none at this point.)
1515 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1516 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1519 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1520 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1521 with the new kernel.
1524 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1525 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1526 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1529 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1530 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1531 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1532 if you have updated the kernel.
1534 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1535 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1536 mounting the new volume.
1539 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1540 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1541 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1542 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1545 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1546 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1549 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1550 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1551 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1552 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1553 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1554 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1557 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1558 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1559 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1560 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1561 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1564 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1565 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1566 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1567 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1568 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1569 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1570 and wlan_xauth as required.
1573 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1574 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1575 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1576 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1580 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1581 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1582 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1583 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1584 the module when a wep key is configured).
1587 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1588 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1589 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1592 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1593 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1596 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1597 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1598 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1599 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1600 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1601 their /etc/rc scripts.
1604 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1607 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1608 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1609 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1612 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1613 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1614 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1617 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1618 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1624 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1625 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1626 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1627 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1628 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1629 on the -current branch).
1631 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1632 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1633 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1634 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1635 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1636 page for more details.
1638 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1639 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1640 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1641 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1642 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1647 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1650 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1651 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1653 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1655 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1656 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1657 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1659 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1663 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1664 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1665 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1667 make kernel-toolchain
1668 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1669 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1671 To test a kernel once
1672 ---------------------
1673 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1674 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1675 debugging information) run
1676 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1677 nextboot -k testkernel
1679 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1680 --------------------------------------------------------------
1681 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1682 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1683 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1685 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1686 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1687 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1692 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1694 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1695 -----------------------------------------------------------
1696 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1697 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1699 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1701 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1703 <reboot in single user> [3]
1711 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1712 --------------------------------------------------
1713 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1714 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1715 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1718 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1721 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1722 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1723 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1724 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1725 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1726 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1727 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1728 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1729 <reboot into current>
1730 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1731 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1735 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1736 ----------------------------------------------
1737 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1739 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1741 <reboot in single user> [3]
1748 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1749 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1750 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1751 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1752 the UPDATING entries.
1754 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1755 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1756 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1757 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1758 much fewer pitfalls.
1760 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1761 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1764 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1769 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1770 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1771 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1773 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1774 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1775 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1776 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1777 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1778 for potential gotchas.
1780 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1781 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1782 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1783 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1784 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1785 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1787 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1788 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1789 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1790 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1791 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1793 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1794 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1796 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1797 cvs prune empty directories.
1799 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1800 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1801 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1803 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1804 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1805 warn if it is improperly defined.
1808 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1809 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1810 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1811 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1813 Copyright information:
1815 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1817 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1818 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1819 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1821 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1822 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1823 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1824 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1825 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1826 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1827 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1828 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1829 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1830 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1831 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1833 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1836 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of