1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
18 20110420: p1 FreeBSD-SA-11:01.mountd
19 Fix CIDR parsing bug in mountd ACLs.
25 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
26 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
27 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
28 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
31 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
32 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
33 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
34 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
35 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
36 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
37 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
40 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
41 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
42 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
43 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
44 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
50 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
51 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
52 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
53 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
54 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
55 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
56 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
57 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
61 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
62 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
63 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
64 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
65 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
67 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
68 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
69 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
71 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
74 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
75 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
76 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
77 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
80 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
81 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
82 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
83 be modified accordingly.
86 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
87 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
88 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
94 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
95 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
98 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
99 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
102 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
103 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
104 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
111 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
112 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
113 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
116 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
117 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
118 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
121 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
122 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
123 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
124 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
125 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
128 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
129 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
130 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
131 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
132 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
135 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
136 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
137 configurations may need to be adjusted.
140 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
141 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
142 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
143 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
146 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
147 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
148 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
149 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
152 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
153 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
154 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
155 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
158 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
159 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
160 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
163 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
164 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
165 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
166 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
167 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
168 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
169 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
170 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
171 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
173 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
174 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
175 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
176 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
177 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
180 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
181 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
182 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
183 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
184 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
187 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
188 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
192 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
196 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
197 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
198 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
201 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
202 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
205 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
206 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
210 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
211 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
213 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
216 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
220 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
221 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
224 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
226 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
229 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
230 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
231 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
232 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
233 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
234 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
237 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
238 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
241 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
243 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
246 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
247 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
248 data to /etc/localtime.
251 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
252 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
255 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
256 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
257 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
258 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
259 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
260 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
263 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
264 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
265 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
266 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
267 correctly checking networking state from userland.
268 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
271 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
272 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
273 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
274 follows the IPv4 implementation.
276 For kernel developers:
278 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
279 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
280 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
282 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
283 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
284 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
285 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
287 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
288 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
289 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
290 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
291 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
292 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
293 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
294 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
295 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
296 multicast membership on-link.
297 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
298 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
299 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
301 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
302 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
304 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
305 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
308 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
309 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
310 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
311 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
313 For application developers:
315 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
318 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
319 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
321 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
322 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
323 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
324 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
326 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
327 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
328 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
329 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
330 Multicast Source Filters'.
332 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
334 For systems administrators:
336 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
337 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
338 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
339 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
340 returned by getifaddrs(3).
342 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
343 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
345 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
346 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
347 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
348 recommended for optimal system performance.
350 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
351 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
352 back forwarded datagrams.
354 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
357 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
358 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
361 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
362 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
363 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
364 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
367 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
368 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
369 state will require a world rebuild.
370 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
373 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
374 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
375 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
378 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
379 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
380 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
381 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
383 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
386 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
387 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
388 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
389 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
390 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
391 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
392 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
393 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
396 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
397 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
398 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
401 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
402 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
403 introduces some changes:
405 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
406 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
407 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
409 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
410 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
411 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
412 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
414 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
415 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
416 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
419 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
422 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
423 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
427 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
428 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
429 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
430 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
431 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
434 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
435 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
436 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
437 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
441 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
442 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
443 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
444 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
447 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
448 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
451 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
452 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
454 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
455 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
456 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
458 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
459 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
460 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
461 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
462 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
463 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
464 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
465 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
467 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
468 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
469 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
470 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
471 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
472 to preserve the existing behaviour.
474 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
475 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
476 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
477 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
478 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
480 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
481 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
482 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
485 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
486 recompiled to reflect this.
487 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
490 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
491 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
492 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
493 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
494 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
495 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
498 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
499 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
500 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
501 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
502 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
503 raised to allow such segments to be created.
506 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
507 network device driver modules.
510 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
511 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
514 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
515 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
516 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
517 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
518 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
522 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
523 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
524 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
528 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
529 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
531 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
532 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
533 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
536 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
537 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
538 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
539 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
540 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
541 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
543 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
544 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
546 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
547 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
550 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
551 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
552 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
555 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
556 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
557 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
558 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
562 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
563 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
566 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
567 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
568 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
569 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
570 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
571 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
574 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
575 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
576 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
577 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
580 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
581 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
582 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
583 in next mpd5.3 release.
586 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
587 the base system (it was a port).
590 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
591 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
594 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
595 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
596 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
597 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
598 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
599 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
600 none of the L2 information.
603 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
604 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
606 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
608 to their kernel config files when specifying:
612 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
613 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
614 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
615 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
618 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
619 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
620 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
621 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
622 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
626 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
627 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
628 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
629 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
632 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
635 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
636 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
637 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
638 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
639 controller add the following to loader.conf:
645 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
646 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
650 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
651 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
652 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
653 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
654 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
655 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
656 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
659 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
660 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
661 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
662 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
663 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
666 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
672 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
674 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
675 cause compilation to fail.
678 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
681 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
683 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
684 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
685 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
686 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
687 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
688 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
689 accepting the RSA key.
691 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
692 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
695 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
696 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
697 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
701 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
702 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
703 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
705 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
706 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
707 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
708 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
709 use the new device names.
711 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
712 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
713 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
714 at the loader prompt:
716 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
717 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
718 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
719 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
723 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
727 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
728 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
729 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
730 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
733 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
734 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
737 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
738 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
739 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
740 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
741 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
744 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
745 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
746 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
747 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
749 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
752 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
753 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
754 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
755 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
757 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
758 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
759 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
762 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
763 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
764 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
765 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
766 other operation levels.
769 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
770 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
771 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
772 compatibility with any prior release:
774 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
775 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
776 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
779 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
780 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
781 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
782 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
783 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
787 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
788 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
789 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
790 with older hardware easier to do.
793 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
794 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
797 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
798 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
799 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
803 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
807 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
808 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
809 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
810 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
811 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
812 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
813 third-party software might fail to build after this change
814 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
815 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
816 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
817 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
818 case that a portable fix is impossible.
821 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
822 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
823 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
826 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
827 functionality is the default now.
830 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
831 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
832 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
833 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
834 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
836 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
837 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
838 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
841 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
842 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
843 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
844 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
845 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
846 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
847 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
848 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
849 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
850 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
854 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
855 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
857 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
858 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
859 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
865 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
866 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
869 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
870 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
871 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
872 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
873 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
876 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
877 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
878 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
879 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
883 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
884 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
885 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
888 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
889 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
890 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
893 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
894 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
895 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
896 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
897 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
900 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
901 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
902 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
903 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
904 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
905 will change after some settling time.
908 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
909 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
913 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
914 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
918 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
919 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
920 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
921 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
924 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
925 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
926 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
927 the IPv4 network stack.
929 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
930 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
931 has now been removed.
933 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
934 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
935 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
936 updated to reflect this.
938 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
939 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
943 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
944 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
945 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
946 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
947 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
948 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
949 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
950 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
951 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
952 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
956 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
957 function and starts providing an account management function.
958 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
959 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
960 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
962 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
964 and change it according to this example:
966 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
968 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
969 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
970 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
971 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
974 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
975 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
976 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
977 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
980 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
981 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
982 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
983 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
984 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
985 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
989 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
990 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
991 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
992 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
993 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
994 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
995 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
997 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
998 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
999 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1002 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1003 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1004 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1005 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1008 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1009 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1012 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1013 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1014 base operating system should be recompiled.
1017 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1018 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1019 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1020 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1021 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1024 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1025 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1026 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1027 deprecated in previous releases.
1028 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1029 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1032 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1033 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1034 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1035 sync. For more info:
1036 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1039 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1040 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1041 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1042 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1045 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1046 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1047 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1048 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1049 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1050 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1051 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1052 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1053 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1056 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1057 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1058 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1059 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1060 ip_mroute.ko module.
1063 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1064 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1065 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1067 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1068 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1069 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1072 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1073 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1074 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1075 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1076 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1080 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1081 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1082 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1083 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1084 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1087 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1088 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1089 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1090 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1093 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1094 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1095 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1096 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1100 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1101 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1102 with exceptions of followings:
1103 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1104 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1105 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1106 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1107 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1108 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1109 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1110 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1113 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1114 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1115 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1116 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1117 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1118 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1120 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1122 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1123 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1124 the array the same way you built it originally.
1127 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1128 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1129 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1130 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1131 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1132 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1133 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1136 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1137 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1138 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1139 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1140 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1143 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1144 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1145 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1146 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1147 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1150 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1151 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1152 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1153 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1154 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1155 added to 'struct proc'.
1158 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1161 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1162 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1163 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1164 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1165 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1168 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1171 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1172 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1173 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1176 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1179 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1180 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1181 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1184 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1185 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1186 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1187 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1188 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1191 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1192 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1193 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1194 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1197 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1198 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1202 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1203 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1204 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1205 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1206 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1209 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1210 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1211 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1212 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1213 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1214 `make installworld' with:
1216 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1218 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1219 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1220 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1221 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1224 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1225 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1226 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1227 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1231 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1232 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1233 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1234 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1235 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1236 implements the interface to support it.
1239 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1240 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1241 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1242 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1246 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1247 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1248 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1249 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1250 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1251 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1252 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1253 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1254 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1256 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1259 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1260 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1263 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1264 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1265 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1266 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1270 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1271 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1272 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1275 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1276 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1279 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1280 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1281 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1282 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1283 on your next install.
1284 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1285 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1286 to your /etc/make.conf.
1289 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1290 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1291 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1294 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1295 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1296 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1299 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1300 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1303 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1304 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1305 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1306 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1309 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1310 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1311 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1314 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1315 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1316 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1320 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1321 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1322 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1323 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1324 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1325 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1326 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1327 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1330 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1331 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1332 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1335 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1336 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1339 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1340 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1343 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1344 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1345 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1348 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1349 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1350 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1351 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1352 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1353 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1357 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1358 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1361 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1362 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1365 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1366 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1367 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1368 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1372 RELENG_6 branched here.
1375 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1376 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1377 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1378 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1379 removable_interfaces.
1382 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1383 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1384 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1385 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1386 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1387 affect existing configurations.
1390 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1391 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1392 updated to the new APIs.
1395 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1396 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1397 will not behave correctly.
1399 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1400 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1401 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1404 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1405 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1406 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1407 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1408 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1410 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1411 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1415 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1416 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1419 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1420 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1421 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1422 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1423 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1424 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1425 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1428 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1429 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1430 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1431 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1434 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1435 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1436 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1439 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1440 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1441 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1445 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1446 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1447 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1448 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1451 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1452 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1453 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1454 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1455 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1456 none at this point.)
1459 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1460 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1463 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1464 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1465 with the new kernel.
1468 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1469 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1470 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1473 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1474 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1475 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1476 if you have updated the kernel.
1478 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1479 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1480 mounting the new volume.
1483 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1484 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1485 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1486 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1489 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1490 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1493 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1494 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1495 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1496 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1497 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1498 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1501 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1502 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1503 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1504 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1505 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1508 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1509 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1510 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1511 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1512 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1513 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1514 and wlan_xauth as required.
1517 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1518 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1519 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1520 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1524 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1525 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1526 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1527 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1528 the module when a wep key is configured).
1531 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1532 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1533 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1536 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1537 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1540 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1541 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1542 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1543 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1544 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1545 their /etc/rc scripts.
1548 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1551 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1552 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1553 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1556 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1557 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1558 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1561 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1562 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1568 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1569 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1570 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1571 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1572 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1573 on the -current branch).
1575 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1576 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1577 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1578 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1579 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1580 page for more details.
1582 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1583 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1584 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1585 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1586 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1591 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1594 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1595 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1597 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1599 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1600 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1601 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1603 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1607 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1608 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1609 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1611 make kernel-toolchain
1612 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1613 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1615 To test a kernel once
1616 ---------------------
1617 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1618 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1619 debugging information) run
1620 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1621 nextboot -k testkernel
1623 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1624 --------------------------------------------------------------
1625 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1626 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1627 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1629 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1630 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1631 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1636 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1638 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1639 -----------------------------------------------------------
1640 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1641 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1643 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1645 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1647 <reboot in single user> [3]
1655 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1656 --------------------------------------------------
1657 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1658 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1659 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1662 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1665 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1666 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1667 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1668 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1669 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1670 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1671 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1672 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1673 <reboot into current>
1674 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1675 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1679 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1680 ----------------------------------------------
1681 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1683 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1685 <reboot in single user> [3]
1692 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1693 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1694 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1695 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1696 the UPDATING entries.
1698 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1699 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1700 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1701 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1702 much fewer pitfalls.
1704 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1705 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1708 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1713 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1714 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1715 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1717 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1718 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1719 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1720 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1721 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1722 for potential gotchas.
1724 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1725 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1726 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1727 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1728 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1729 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1731 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1732 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1733 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1734 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1735 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1737 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1738 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1740 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1741 cvs prune empty directories.
1743 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1744 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1745 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1747 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1748 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1749 warn if it is improperly defined.
1752 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1753 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1754 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1755 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1757 Copyright information:
1759 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1761 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1762 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1763 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1765 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1766 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1767 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1768 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1769 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1770 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1771 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1772 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1773 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1774 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1775 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1777 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1780 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of