1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh
4 <imp@village.org>. See end of file for further details. For commonly
5 done items, please see the COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file.
7 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
8 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running
11 NOTE TO PEOPLE WHO THINK THAT FreeBSD 8.x IS SLOW ON IA64 OR SUN4V:
12 For ia64 the INVARIANTS and INVARIANT_SUPPORT kernel options
13 were left in the GENERIC kernel because the kernel does not
14 work properly without them. For sun4v all of the normal kernel
15 debugging tools present in HEAD were left in place because
16 sun4v support still needs work to become production ready.
18 20120104: p6 FreeBSD-EN-12:01.freebsd-update
19 Extend the character set accepted by freebsd-update(8) in file
20 names in order to allow upgrades to FreeBSD 9.0-RELEASE.
22 20111223: p5 FreeBSD-SA-11:06.bind, FreeBSD-SA-11:07.chroot
23 FreeBSD-SA-11:08.telnetd, FreeBSD-SA-11:09.pam_ssh
25 Fix a problem whereby a corrupt DNS record can cause named to crash.
28 Add an API for alerting internal libc routines to the presence of
29 "unsafe" paths post-chroot, and use it in ftpd. [11:07]
31 Fix a buffer overflow in telnetd. [11:08]
33 Make pam_ssh ignore unpassphrased keys unless the "nullok" option is
36 Add sanity checking of service names in pam_start. [11:10]
38 20111004: p4 FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix (revised)
39 Fix a bug in UNIX socket handling in the linux emulator which was
40 exposed by the security fix in FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix.
42 20110928: p3 FreeBSD-SA-11:04.compress, FreeBSD-SA-11:05.unix
43 Fix handling of corrupt compress(1)ed data. [11:04]
45 Add missing length checks on unix socket addresses. [11:05]
47 20110528: p2 FreeBSD-SA-11:02.bind
48 Fix BIND remote DoS with large RRSIG RRsets and negative
51 20110420: p1 FreeBSD-SA-11:01.mountd
52 Fix CIDR parsing bug in mountd ACLs.
58 New version of minidump format for amd64 architecture was
59 introduced in r215872. To analyze vmcore files produced by
60 kernels at or after this version you will need updated userland,
61 libkvm actually, that is able to handle the new version.
64 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
65 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
66 revision 211583 from 2010-08-21 (r210245 from 2010-07-19 if
67 building stable/8 kernel on head, r211584 from 2010-08-21 for
68 stable/7). A symptom of incorrect ld version is
69 different addresses for set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu
70 symbol in kernel and/or modules.
73 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged.
74 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
75 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
76 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
77 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
83 The config(8) command has been updated to maintain compatibility
84 with config files from 8.0-RELEASE. You will need a new version
85 of config to build kernels (this version can be used from 8.0-RELEASE
86 forward). The buildworld target will generate it, so following
87 the instructions in this file for updating will work glitch-free.
88 Merely doing a make buildkernel without first doing a make buildworld
89 (or kernel-toolchain), or attempting to build a kernel using
90 traidtional methods will generate a config version warning, indicating
94 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
95 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
96 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
97 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
98 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
100 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
101 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
102 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6
104 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
107 COMPAT_IA32 has been added as an alias for COMPAT_FREEBSD32. A new
108 version of config(8) is required. The error message when you hit this
109 condition is confusing (COMPAT_FREEBSD32 duplicate option), when it
110 should really say "your config is too old to compile this new kernel."
113 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
114 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
115 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
116 be modified accordingly.
119 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
120 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
121 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
127 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with
128 the previous code, which was based on D3.0.
131 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
132 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
135 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI
136 only for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard()
137 and maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32
144 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that
145 do not use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle.
146 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
149 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack
150 support, all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled.
151 As this change breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
154 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove struct
155 tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack. The
156 cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and needs
157 to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks the ABI,
158 bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
161 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
162 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
163 maintainig the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
164 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
165 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
168 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old
169 kernel RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel
170 configurations may need to be adjusted.
173 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have
174 been removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal
175 way using routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can
176 generally be replaced with routing sockets.
179 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project
180 (Handbook, FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by
181 sysinstall(8) and under the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd
182 directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
185 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have
186 been changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43
187 kernel options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
188 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800100.
191 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables
192 were moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be
193 recompiled. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
196 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023
197 and 1024 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per
198 process are used, no changes should be visible. When more
199 than 16 groups are used, old binaries may fail if they call
200 getgroups() or getgrouplist() with statically sized storage.
201 Recompiling will work around this, but applications should be
202 modified to use dynamically allocated storage for group arrays
203 as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's number of
204 supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
206 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of
207 groups is truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16
208 groups, should take care that negative group permissions are not
209 used on the exported file systems as they will not be reliable
210 unless a GSSAPI based authentication method is used.
213 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced.
214 This option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
215 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the
216 flag LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to
217 adaptive spinning when both held in write and read mode.
220 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO
221 has changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be
225 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules
229 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has
230 changed. Kernel modules need to be rebuilt.
231 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
234 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
235 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
238 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries
239 has changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to
243 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
244 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
246 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
249 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose
253 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
254 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
257 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules
259 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
262 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
263 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
264 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
265 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag
266 has been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
267 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
270 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
271 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
274 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
276 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
279 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the
280 output. Please run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created
281 data to /etc/localtime.
284 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
285 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
288 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's
289 were changed. Drivers dependent on net80211 now support
290 DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead of DLT_IEEE802_11. No
291 user-visible data structures were changed but applications
292 that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
293 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
296 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
297 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
298 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
299 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
300 correctly checking networking state from userland.
301 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
304 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
305 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
306 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
307 follows the IPv4 implementation.
309 For kernel developers:
311 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
312 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
313 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
315 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
316 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
317 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
318 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
320 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
321 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
322 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
323 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
324 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
325 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
326 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
327 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
328 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
329 multicast membership on-link.
330 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
331 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
332 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
334 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
335 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
337 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
338 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
341 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
342 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
343 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
344 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
346 For application developers:
348 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
351 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
352 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
354 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
355 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
356 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
357 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
359 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
360 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
361 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
362 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
363 Multicast Source Filters'.
365 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
367 For systems administrators:
369 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
370 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
371 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
372 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
373 returned by getifaddrs(3).
375 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
376 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
378 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
379 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
380 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
381 recommended for optimal system performance.
383 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
384 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
385 back forwarded datagrams.
387 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
390 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
391 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
394 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
395 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
396 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
397 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
400 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
401 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
402 state will require a world rebuild.
403 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
406 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
407 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
408 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
411 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
412 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
413 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
414 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
416 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
419 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
420 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
421 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
422 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
423 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
424 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
425 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
426 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
429 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
430 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
431 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
434 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
435 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
436 introduces some changes:
438 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
439 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
440 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
442 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
443 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
444 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
445 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
447 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
448 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
449 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
452 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
455 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
456 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
460 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
461 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
462 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
463 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
464 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
467 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
468 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
469 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
470 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
474 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
475 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
476 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
477 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
480 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
481 support for K10 and K11 CPU families was added.
484 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
485 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
487 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
488 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
489 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
491 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
492 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
493 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
494 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
495 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
496 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
497 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
498 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
500 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
501 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
502 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
503 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
504 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
505 to preserve the existing behaviour.
507 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
508 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
509 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
510 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
511 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
513 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
514 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
515 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
518 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
519 recompiled to reflect this.
520 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
523 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
524 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
525 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
526 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
527 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
528 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
531 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
532 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
533 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
534 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
535 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
536 raised to allow such segments to be created.
539 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
540 network device driver modules.
543 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
544 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
547 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
548 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
549 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
550 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
551 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
555 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
556 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
557 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
561 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
562 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
564 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
565 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
566 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
569 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
570 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
571 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
572 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
573 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
574 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
576 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
577 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
579 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
580 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
583 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
584 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
585 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
588 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
589 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
590 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
591 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
595 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
596 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
599 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
600 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
601 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
602 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
603 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
604 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
607 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
608 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
609 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
610 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
613 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
614 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
615 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
616 in next mpd5.3 release.
619 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
620 the base system (it was a port).
623 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
624 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
627 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
628 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
629 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
630 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
631 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
632 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
633 none of the L2 information.
636 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
637 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
639 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
641 to their kernel config files when specifying:
645 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
646 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
647 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
648 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
651 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
652 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
653 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
654 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
655 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
659 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
660 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
661 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
662 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
665 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
668 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
669 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
670 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
671 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
672 controller add the following to loader.conf:
678 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
679 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
683 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
684 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
685 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
686 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
687 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
688 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
689 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
692 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
693 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
694 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
695 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
696 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
699 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
705 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
707 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
708 cause compilation to fail.
711 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
714 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
716 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
717 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
718 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
719 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
720 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
721 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
722 accepting the RSA key.
724 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
725 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
728 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
729 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
730 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
734 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
735 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
736 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
738 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
739 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
740 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
741 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
742 use the new device names.
744 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
745 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
746 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
747 at the loader prompt:
749 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
750 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
751 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
752 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
756 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
760 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
761 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
762 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
763 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
766 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
767 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
770 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
771 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
772 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
773 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
774 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
777 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
778 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
779 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
780 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
782 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
785 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
786 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
787 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
788 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
790 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
791 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
792 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
795 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
796 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
797 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
798 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
799 other operation levels.
802 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
803 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
804 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
805 compatibility with any prior release:
807 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
808 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
809 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
812 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
813 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
814 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
815 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
816 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
820 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
821 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
822 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
823 with older hardware easier to do.
826 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
827 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
830 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
831 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
832 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
836 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
840 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
841 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
842 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
843 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
844 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
845 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
846 third-party software might fail to build after this change
847 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
848 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
849 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
850 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
851 case that a portable fix is impossible.
854 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
855 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
856 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
859 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
860 functionality is the default now.
863 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
864 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
865 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
866 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
867 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
869 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
870 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
871 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
874 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
875 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
876 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
877 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
878 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
879 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
880 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
881 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
882 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
883 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
887 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
888 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
890 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
891 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
892 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
898 Setting WITHOUT_LIBPTHREAD now means WITHOUT_LIBKSE and
899 WITHOUT_LIBTHR are set.
902 The PCI code has been made aware of PCI domains. This means that
903 the location strings as used by pciconf(8) etc are now in the
904 following format: pci<domain>:<bus>:<device>[:<function>]. It
905 also means that consumers of <sys/pciio.h> potentially need to
906 be recompiled; this includes the hal and xorg-server ports.
909 The caching daemon (cached) was renamed to nscd. nscd.conf
910 configuration file should be used instead of cached.conf and
911 nscd_enable, nscd_pidfile and nscd_flags options should be used
912 instead of cached_enable, cached_pidfile and cached_flags in
916 The getfacl(1) utility now prints owning user and group name
917 instead of owning uid and gid in the three line comment header.
918 This is the same behavior as getfacl(1) on Solaris and Linux.
921 The new IPsec code is now compiled in using the IPSEC option. The
922 IPSEC option now requires "device crypto" be defined in your kernel
923 configuration. The FAST_IPSEC kernel option is now deprecated.
926 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.1 Please
927 note the changed syntax - keep state is now on by default. Also
928 note the fact that ftp-proxy(8) has been changed from bottom up and
929 has been moved from libexec to usr/sbin. Changes in the ALTQ
930 handling also affect users of IPFW's ALTQ capabilities.
933 Remove KAME IPsec in favor of FAST_IPSEC, which is now the
934 only IPsec supported by FreeBSD. The new IPsec stack
935 supports both IPv4 and IPv6. The kernel option will change
936 after the code changes have settled in. For now the kernel
937 option IPSEC is deprecated and FAST_IPSEC is the only option, that
938 will change after some settling time.
941 The wicontrol(8) utility has been removed from the base system. wi(4)
942 cards should be configured using ifconfig(8), see the man page for more
946 The i386/amd64 GENERIC kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver
947 instead of the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
951 By default, /etc/rc.d/sendmail no longer rebuilds the aliases
952 database if it is missing or older than the aliases file. If
953 desired, set the new rc.conf option sendmail_rebuild_aliases
954 to "YES" to restore that functionality.
957 The IPv4 multicast socket code has been considerably modified, and
958 moved to the file sys/netinet/in_mcast.c. Initial support for the
959 RFC 3678 Source-Specific Multicast Socket API has been added to
960 the IPv4 network stack.
962 Strict multicast and broadcast reception is now the default for
963 UDP/IPv4 sockets; the net.inet.udp.strict_mcast_mship sysctl variable
964 has now been removed.
966 The RFC 1724 hack for interface selection has been removed; the use
967 of the Linux-derived ip_mreqn structure with IP_MULTICAST_IF has
968 been added to replace it. Consumers such as routed will soon be
969 updated to reflect this.
971 These changes affect users who are running routed(8) or rdisc(8)
972 from the FreeBSD base system on point-to-point or unnumbered
976 The net80211 layer has changed significantly and all wireless
977 drivers that depend on it need to be recompiled. Further these
978 changes require that any program that interacts with the wireless
979 support in the kernel be recompiled; this includes: ifconfig,
980 wpa_supplicant, hostapd, and wlanstats. Users must also, for
981 the moment, kldload the wlan_scan_sta and/or wlan_scan_ap modules
982 if they use modules for wireless support. These modules implement
983 scanning support for station and ap modes, respectively. Failure
984 to load the appropriate module before marking a wireless interface
985 up will result in a message to the console and the device not
989 The pam_nologin(8) module ceases to provide an authentication
990 function and starts providing an account management function.
991 Consequent changes to /etc/pam.d should be brought in using
992 mergemaster(8). Third-party files in /usr/local/etc/pam.d may
993 need manual editing as follows. Locate this line (or similar):
995 auth required pam_nologin.so no_warn
997 and change it according to this example:
999 account required pam_nologin.so no_warn
1001 That is, the first word needs to be changed from "auth" to
1002 "account". The new line can be moved to the account section
1003 within the file for clarity. Not updating pam.conf(5) files
1004 will result in nologin(5) ignored by the respective services.
1007 The ether_ioctl() function has been synchronized with ioctl(2)
1008 and ifnet.if_ioctl. Due to that, the size of one of its arguments
1009 has changed on 64-bit architectures. All kernel modules using
1010 ether_ioctl() need to be rebuilt on such architectures.
1013 Improved INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE support has been introduced to the
1014 config(8) utility. In order to take advantage of this new
1015 functionality, you are expected to recompile and install
1016 src/usr.sbin/config. If you don't rebuild config(8), and your
1017 kernel configuration depends on INCLUDE_CONFIG_FILE, the kernel
1018 build will be broken because of a missing "kernconfstring"
1022 Symbol versioning is enabled by default. To disable it, use
1023 option WITHOUT_SYMVER. It is not advisable to attempt to
1024 disable symbol versioning once it is enabled; your installworld
1025 will break because a symbol version-less libc will get installed
1026 before the install tools. As a result, the old install tools,
1027 which previously had symbol dependencies to FBSD_1.0, will fail
1028 because the freshly installed libc will not have them.
1030 The default threading library (providing "libpthread") has been
1031 changed to libthr. If you wish to have libkse as your default,
1032 use option DEFAULT_THREAD_LIB=libkse for the buildworld.
1035 The ABI breakage in sendmail(8)'s libmilter has been repaired
1036 so it is no longer necessary to recompile mail filters (aka,
1037 milters). If you recompiled mail filters after the 20070408
1038 note, it is not necessary to recompile them again.
1041 The new trunk(4) driver has been renamed to lagg(4) as it better
1042 reflects its purpose. ifconfig will need to be recompiled.
1045 sendmail(8) has been updated to version 8.14.1. Mail filters
1046 (aka, milters) compiled against the libmilter included in the
1047 base operating system should be recompiled.
1050 Firmwares for ipw(4) and iwi(4) are now included in the base tree.
1051 In order to use them one must agree to the respective LICENSE in
1052 share/doc/legal and define legal.intel_<name>.license_ack=1 via
1053 loader.conf(5) or kenv(1). Make sure to deinstall the now
1054 deprecated modules from the respective firmware ports.
1057 The name resolution/mapping functions addr2ascii(3) and ascii2addr(3)
1058 were removed from FreeBSD's libc. These originally came from INRIA
1059 IPv6. Nothing in FreeBSD ever used them. They may be regarded as
1060 deprecated in previous releases.
1061 The AF_LINK support for getnameinfo(3) was merged from NetBSD to
1062 replace it as a more portable (and re-entrant) API.
1065 To support interrupt filtering a modification to the newbus API
1066 has occurred, ABI was broken and __FreeBSD_version was bumped
1067 to 700031. Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in
1068 sync. For more info:
1069 http://docs.freebsd.org/cgi/mid.cgi?20070221233124.GA13941
1072 The IPv6 multicast forwarding code may now be loaded into GENERIC
1073 kernels by loading the ip_mroute.ko module. This is built into the
1074 module unless WITHOUT_INET6 or WITHOUT_INET6_SUPPORT options are
1075 set; see src.conf(5) for more information.
1078 The output of netstat -r has changed. Without -n, we now only
1079 print a "network name" without the prefix length if the network
1080 address and mask exactly match a Class A/B/C network, and an entry
1081 exists in the nsswitch "networks" map.
1082 With -n, we print the full unabbreviated CIDR network prefix in
1083 the form "a.b.c.d/p". 0.0.0.0/0 is always printed as "default".
1084 This change is in preparation for changes such as equal-cost
1085 multipath, and to more generally assist operational deployment
1086 of FreeBSD as a modern IPv4 router.
1089 PIM has been turned on by default in the IPv4 multicast
1090 routing code. The kernel option 'PIM' has now been removed.
1091 PIM is now built by default if option 'MROUTING' is specified.
1092 It may now be loaded into GENERIC kernels by loading the
1093 ip_mroute.ko module.
1096 Support for IPIP tunnels (VIFF_TUNNEL) in IPv4 multicast routing
1097 has been removed. Its functionality may be achieved by explicitly
1098 configuring gif(4) interfaces and using the 'phyint' keyword in
1100 XORP does not support source-routed IPv4 multicast tunnels nor the
1101 integrated IPIP tunneling, therefore it is not affected by this
1102 change. The __FreeBSD_version macro has been bumped to 700030.
1105 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1106 re-enabled in the bge driver, only for those chips which are
1107 believed to support it properly. If there are any problems,
1108 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the
1109 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0
1113 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been
1114 disabled again in the bge driver. Many revisions of the
1115 hardware fail to support it properly. Support can be
1116 re-enabled by removing the #define of BGE_DISABLE_MSI in
1117 "src/sys/dev/bge/if_bge.c".
1120 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts has been added
1121 to the bge driver. If there are any problems, MSI can be
1122 disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi' and
1123 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1126 The removal of several facets of the experimental Threading
1127 system from the kernel means that the proc and thread structures
1128 have changed quite a bit. I suggest all kernel modules that might
1129 reference these structures be recompiled.. Especially the
1133 Sound infrastructure has been updated with various fixes and
1134 improvements. Most of the changes are pretty much transparent,
1135 with exceptions of followings:
1136 1) All sound driver specific sysctls (hw.snd.pcm%d.*) have been
1137 moved to their own dev sysctl nodes, for example:
1138 hw.snd.pcm0.vchans -> dev.pcm.0.vchans
1139 2) /dev/dspr%d.%d has been deprecated. Each channel now has its
1140 own chardev in the form of "dsp%d.<function>%d", where <function>
1141 is p = playback, r = record and v = virtual, respectively. Users
1142 are encouraged to use these devs instead of (old) "/dev/dsp%d.%d".
1143 This does not affect those who are using "/dev/dsp".
1146 geom(4)'s gmirror(8) class metadata structure has been
1147 rev'd from v3 to v4. If you update across this point and
1148 your metadata is converted for you, you will not be easily
1149 able to downgrade since the /boot/kernel.old/geom_mirror.ko
1150 kernel module will be unable to read the v4 metadata. You
1151 can resolve this by doing from the loader(8) prompt:
1153 set vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/XXX"
1155 where XXX is the root slice of one of the disks that composed
1156 the mirror (i.e.: /dev/ad0s1a). You can then rebuild
1157 the array the same way you built it originally.
1160 The following binaries have been disconnected from the build:
1161 mount_devfs, mount_ext2fs, mount_fdescfs, mount_procfs, mount_linprocfs,
1162 and mount_std. The functionality of these programs has been
1163 moved into the mount program. For example, to mount a devfs
1164 filesystem, instead of using mount_devfs, use: "mount -t devfs".
1165 This does not affect entries in /etc/fstab, since entries in
1166 /etc/fstab are always processed with "mount -t fstype".
1169 Support for PCI Message Signalled Interrupts on i386 and amd64
1170 has been added to the kernel and various drivers will soon be
1171 updated to use MSI when it is available. If there are any problems,
1172 MSI can be disabled completely by setting the 'hw.pci.enable_msi'
1173 and 'hw.pci.enable_msix' tunables to 0 in the loader.
1176 The MUTEX_PROFILING option has been renamed to LOCK_PROFILING.
1177 The lockmgr object layout has been changed as a result of having
1178 a lock_object embedded in it. As a consequence all file system
1179 kernel modules must be re-compiled. The mutex profiling man page
1180 has not yet been updated to reflect this change.
1183 KSE in the kernel has now been made optional and turned on by
1184 default. Use 'nooption KSE' in your kernel config to turn it
1185 off. All kernel modules *must* be recompiled after this change.
1186 There-after, modules from a KSE kernel should be compatible with
1187 modules from a NOKSE kernel due to the temporary padding fields
1188 added to 'struct proc'.
1191 mrouted and its utilities have been removed from the base system.
1194 Some ioctl(2) command codes have changed. Full backward ABI
1195 compatibility is provided if the "options COMPAT_FREEBSD6" is
1196 present in the kernel configuration file. Make sure to add
1197 this option to your kernel config file, or recompile X.Org
1198 and the rest of ports; otherwise they may refuse to work.
1201 tcpslice has been removed from the base system.
1204 The sizes of struct tcpcb (and struct xtcpcb) have changed due to
1205 the rewrite of TCP syncookies. Tools like netstat, sockstat, and
1206 systat needs to be rebuilt.
1209 libpcap updated to v0.9.4 and tcpdump to v3.9.4
1212 The IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED option is gone and the behaviour
1213 for IPFIREWALL_FORWARD is now as it was before when it was first
1214 committed and for years after. The behaviour is now ON.
1217 enigma(1)/crypt(1) utility has been changed on 64 bit architectures.
1218 Now it can decrypt files created from different architectures.
1219 Unfortunately, it is no longer able to decrypt a cipher text
1220 generated with an older version on 64 bit architectures.
1221 If you have such a file, you need old utility to decrypt it.
1224 The interface version of the i4b kernel part has changed. So
1225 after updating the kernel sources and compiling a new kernel,
1226 the i4b user space tools in "/usr/src/usr.sbin/i4b" must also
1227 be rebuilt, and vice versa.
1230 The XBOX kernel now defaults to the nfe(4) driver instead of
1231 the nve(4) driver. Please update your configuration
1235 The i386-only lnc(4) driver for the AMD Am7900 LANCE and Am79C9xx
1236 PCnet family of NICs has been removed. The new le(4) driver serves
1237 as an equivalent but cross-platform replacement with the pcn(4)
1238 driver still providing performance-optimized support for the subset
1239 of AMD Am79C971 PCnet-FAST and greater chips as before.
1242 The machdep.* sysctls and the adjkerntz utility have been
1243 modified a bit. The new adjkerntz utility uses the new
1244 sysctl names and sysctlbyname() calls, so it may be impossible
1245 to run an old /sbin/adjkerntz utility in single-user mode
1246 with a new kernel. Replace the `adjkerntz -i' step before
1247 `make installworld' with:
1249 /usr/obj/usr/src/sbin/adjkerntz/adjkerntz -i
1251 and proceed as usual with the rest of the installworld-stage
1252 steps. Otherwise, you risk installing binaries with their
1253 timestamp set several hours in the future, especially if
1254 you are running with local time set to GMT+X hours.
1257 The ip6fw utility has been removed. The behavior provided by
1258 ip6fw has been in ipfw2 for a good while and the rc.d scripts
1259 have been updated to deal with it. There are some rules that
1260 might not migrate cleanly. Use rc.firewall6 as a template to
1264 The puc(4) driver has been overhauled. The ebus(4) and sbus(4)
1265 attachments have been removed. Make sure to configure scc(4)
1266 on sparc64. Note also that by default puc(4) will use uart(4)
1267 and not sio(4) for serial ports because interrupt handling has
1268 been optimized for multi-port serial cards and only uart(4)
1269 implements the interface to support it.
1272 The scc(4) driver replaces puc(4) for Serial Communications
1273 Controllers (SCCs) like the Siemens SAB82532 and the Zilog
1274 Z8530. On sparc64, it is advised to add scc(4) to the kernel
1275 configuration to make sure that the serial ports remain
1279 Most world/kernel related NO_* build options changed names.
1280 New knobs have common prefixes WITHOUT_*/WITH_* (modelled
1281 after FreeBSD ports) and should be set in /etc/src.conf
1282 (the src.conf(5) manpage is provided). Full backwards
1283 compatibility is maintained for the time being though it's
1284 highly recommended to start moving old options out of the
1285 system-wide /etc/make.conf file into the new /etc/src.conf
1286 while also properly renaming them. More conversions will
1287 likely follow. Posting to current@:
1289 http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-current/2006-March/061725.html
1292 The NETSMBCRYPTO kernel option has been retired because its
1293 functionality is always included in NETSMB and smbfs.ko now.
1296 The TDFX_LINUX kernel option was retired and replaced by the
1297 tdfx_linux device. The latter can be loaded as the 3dfx_linux.ko
1298 kernel module. Loading it alone should suffice to get 3dfx support
1299 for Linux apps because it will pull in 3dfx.ko and linux.ko through
1303 The 'audit' group was added to support the new auditing functionality
1304 in the base system. Be sure to follow the directions for updating,
1305 including the requirement to run mergemaster -p.
1308 The kernel ABI to file system modules was changed on i386.
1309 Please make sure that your kernel and modules are in sync.
1312 This actually occured some time ago, but installing the kernel
1313 now also installs a bunch of symbol files for the kernel modules.
1314 This increases the size of /boot/kernel to about 67Mbytes. You
1315 will need twice this if you will eventually back this up to kernel.old
1316 on your next install.
1317 If you have a shortage of room in your root partition, you should add
1318 -DINSTALL_NODEBUG to your make arguments or add INSTALL_NODEBUG="yes"
1319 to your /etc/make.conf.
1322 libc's malloc implementation has been replaced. This change has the
1323 potential to uncover application bugs that previously went unnoticed.
1324 See the malloc(3) manual page for more details.
1327 The generic netgraph(4) cookie has been changed. If you upgrade
1328 kernel passing this point, you also need to upgrade userland
1329 and netgraph(4) utilities like ports/net/mpd or ports/net/mpd4.
1332 si(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1333 Uses of {cua,tty}A[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}A0[0-9a-f].
1336 The kernel ABI was mostly destroyed due to a change in the size
1337 of struct lock_object which is nested in other structures such
1338 as mutexes which are nested in all sorts of other structures.
1339 Make sure your kernel and modules are in sync.
1342 The page coloring algorithm in the VM subsystem was converted
1343 from tuning with kernel options to autotuning. Please remove
1344 any PQ_* option except PQ_NOOPT from your kernel config.
1347 The net80211-related tools in the tools/tools/ath directory
1348 have been moved to tools/tools/net80211 and renamed with a
1349 "wlan" prefix. Scripts that use them should be adjusted
1353 Scripts in the local_startup directories (as defined in
1354 /etc/defaults/rc.conf) that have the new rc.d semantics will
1355 now be run as part of the base system rcorder. If there are
1356 errors or problems with one of these local scripts, it could
1357 cause boot problems. If you encounter such problems, boot in
1358 single user mode, remove that script from the */rc.d directory.
1359 Please report the problem to the port's maintainer, and the
1360 freebsd-ports@freebsd.org mailing list.
1363 The nodev mount option was deprecated in RELENG_6 (where it
1364 was a no-op), and is now unsupported. If you have nodev or dev listed
1365 in /etc/fstab, remove it, otherwise it will result in a mount error.
1368 ABI between ipfw(4) and ipfw(8) has been changed. You need
1369 to rebuild ipfw(8) when rebuilding kernel.
1372 rp(4)'s device files now contain the unit number.
1373 Uses of {cua,tty}R[0-9a-f] should be replaced by {cua,tty}R0[0-9a-f].
1376 /etc/rc.d/ppp-user has been renamed to /etc/rc.d/ppp.
1377 Its /etc/rc.conf.d configuration file has been `ppp' from
1378 the beginning, and hence there is no need to touch it.
1381 Now most modules get their build-time options from the kernel
1382 configuration file. A few modules still have fixed options
1383 due to their non-conformant implementation, but they will be
1384 corrected eventually. You may need to review the options of
1385 the modules in use, explicitly specify the non-default options
1386 in the kernel configuration file, and rebuild the kernel and
1390 kern.polling.enable sysctl MIB is now deprecated. Use ifconfig(8)
1391 to turn polling(4) on your interfaces.
1394 The old bridge(4) implementation was retired. The new
1395 if_bridge(4) serves as a full functional replacement.
1398 The ai_addrlen of a struct addrinfo was changed to a socklen_t
1399 to conform to POSIX-2001. This change broke an ABI
1400 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. You have to recompile
1401 userland programs that use getaddrinfo(3) on 64 bit
1405 RELENG_6 branched here.
1408 The pccard_ifconfig rc.conf variable has been removed and a new
1409 variable, ifconfig_DEFAULT has been introduced. Unlike
1410 pccard_ifconfig, ifconfig_DEFAULT applies to ALL interfaces that
1411 do not have ifconfig_ifn entries rather than just those in
1412 removable_interfaces.
1415 Some previous versions of PAM have permitted the use of
1416 non-absolute paths in /etc/pam.conf or /etc/pam.d/* when referring
1417 to third party PAM modules in /usr/local/lib. A change has been
1418 made to require the use of absolute paths in order to avoid
1419 ambiguity and dependence on library path configuration, which may
1420 affect existing configurations.
1423 Major changes to network interface API. All drivers must be
1424 recompiled. Drivers not in the base system will need to be
1425 updated to the new APIs.
1428 Changes were made to kinfo_proc in sys/user.h. Please recompile
1429 userland, or commands like `fstat', `pkill', `ps', `top' and `w'
1430 will not behave correctly.
1432 The API and ABI for hwpmc(4) have changed with the addition
1433 of sampling support. Please recompile lib/libpmc(3) and
1434 usr.sbin/{pmcstat,pmccontrol}.
1437 The OpenBSD dhclient was imported in place of the ISC dhclient
1438 and the network interface configuration scripts were updated
1439 accordingly. If you use DHCP to configure your interfaces, you
1440 must now run devd. Also, DNS updating was lost so you will need
1441 to find a workaround if you use this feature.
1443 The '_dhcp' user was added to support the OpenBSD dhclient. Be
1444 sure to run mergemaster -p (like you are supposed to do every time
1448 if_bridge was added to the tree. This has changed struct ifnet.
1449 Please recompile userland and all network related modules.
1452 The n_net of a struct netent was changed to an uint32_t, and
1453 1st argument of getnetbyaddr() was changed to an uint32_t, to
1454 conform to POSIX-2001. These changes broke an ABI
1455 compatibility on 64 bit architecture. With these changes,
1456 shlib major of libpcap was bumped. You have to recompile
1457 userland programs that use getnetbyaddr(3), getnetbyname(3),
1458 getnetent(3) and/or libpcap on 64 bit architecture.
1461 Kernel parsing of extra options on '#!' first lines of shell
1462 scripts has changed. Lines with multiple options likely will
1463 fail after this date. For full details, please see
1464 http://people.freebsd.org/~gad/Updating-20050528.txt
1467 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 3.7
1468 Please note the changed anchor syntax and the fact that
1469 authpf(8) now needs a mounted fdescfs(5) to function.
1472 The NO_MIXED_MODE kernel option has been removed from the i386
1473 amd64 platforms as its use has been superceded by the new local
1474 APIC timer code. Any kernel config files containing this option
1478 The on-disk format of LC_CTYPE files was changed to be machine
1479 independent. Please make sure NOT to use NO_CLEAN buildworld
1480 when crossing this point. Crossing this point also requires
1481 recompile or reinstall of all locale depended packages.
1484 The ifi_epoch member of struct if_data has been changed to
1485 contain the uptime at which the interface was created or the
1486 statistics zeroed rather then the wall clock time because
1487 wallclock time may go backwards. This should have no impact
1488 unless an snmp implementation is using this value (I know of
1489 none at this point.)
1492 The acpi_perf and acpi_throttle drivers are now part of the
1493 acpi(4) main module. They are no longer built separately.
1496 The layout of struct image_params has changed. You have to
1497 recompile all compatibility modules (linux, svr4, etc) for use
1498 with the new kernel.
1501 The p4tcc driver has been merged into cpufreq(4). This makes
1502 "options CPU_ENABLE_TCC" obsolete. Please load cpufreq.ko or
1503 compile in "device cpufreq" to restore this functionality.
1506 The responsibility of recomputing the file system summary of
1507 a SoftUpdates-enabled dirty volume has been transferred to the
1508 background fsck. A rebuild of fsck(8) utility is recommended
1509 if you have updated the kernel.
1511 To get the old behavior (recompute file system summary at mount
1512 time), you can set vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount=1 before
1513 mounting the new volume.
1516 The cpufreq import is complete. As part of this, the sysctls for
1517 acpi(4) throttling have been removed. The power_profile script
1518 has been updated, so you can use performance/economy_cpu_freq in
1519 rc.conf(5) to set AC on/offline cpu frequencies.
1522 NG_VERSION has been increased. Recompiling kernel (or ng_socket.ko)
1523 requires recompiling libnetgraph and userland netgraph utilities.
1526 Support for abbreviated forms of a number of ipfw options is
1527 now deprecated. Warnings are printed to stderr indicating the
1528 correct full form when a match occurs. Some abbreviations may
1529 be supported at a later date based on user feedback. To be
1530 considered for support, abbreviations must be in use prior to
1531 this commit and unlikely to be confused with current key words.
1534 By a popular demand, a lot of NOFOO options were renamed
1535 to NO_FOO (see bsd.compat.mk for a full list). The old
1536 spellings are still supported, but will cause annoying
1537 warnings on stderr. Make sure you upgrade properly (see
1538 the COMMON ITEMS: section later in this file).
1541 Auto-loading of ancillary wlan modules such as wlan_wep has
1542 been temporarily disabled; you need to statically configure
1543 the modules you need into your kernel or explicitly load them
1544 prior to use. Specifically, if you intend to use WEP encryption
1545 with an 802.11 device load/configure wlan_wep; if you want to
1546 use WPA with the ath driver load/configure wlan_tkip, wlan_ccmp,
1547 and wlan_xauth as required.
1550 The behaviour of ppp(8) has changed slightly. If lqr is enabled
1551 (``enable lqr''), older versions would revert to LCP ECHO mode on
1552 negotiation failure. Now, ``enable echo'' is required for this
1553 behaviour. The ppp version number has been bumped to 3.4.2 to
1557 The wlan support has been updated to split the crypto support
1558 into separate modules. For static WEP you must configure the
1559 wlan_wep module in your system or build and install the module
1560 in place where it can be loaded (the kernel will auto-load
1561 the module when a wep key is configured).
1564 The ath driver has been updated to split the tx rate control
1565 algorithm into a separate module. You need to include either
1566 ath_rate_onoe or ath_rate_amrr when configuring the kernel.
1569 Support for systems with an 80386 CPU has been removed. Please
1570 use FreeBSD 5.x or earlier on systems with an 80386.
1573 We have had a hack which would mount the root filesystem
1574 R/W if the device were named 'md*'. As part of the vnode
1575 work I'm doing I have had to remove this hack. People
1576 building systems which use preloaded MD root filesystems
1577 may need to insert a "/sbin/mount -u -o rw /dev/md0 /" in
1578 their /etc/rc scripts.
1581 FreeBSD 5.3 shipped here.
1584 The size of struct tcpcb has changed again due to the removal
1585 of RFC1644 T/TCP. You have to recompile userland programs that
1586 read kmem for tcp sockets directly (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1589 The size of struct tcpcb has changed. You have to recompile
1590 userland programs that read kmem for tcp sockets directly
1591 (netstat, sockstat, etc.)
1594 RELENG_5 branched here. For older entries, please see updating
1595 in the RELENG_5 branch.
1601 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. From time to time in the
1602 past there have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or
1603 installworld. This is especially true when upgrading between
1604 "distant" versions (eg one that cross a major release boundary
1605 or several minor releases, or when several months have passed
1606 on the -current branch).
1608 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1609 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1610 environment when searching for values for global variables.
1611 To run your build attempts in an "environmental clean room",
1612 prefix all make commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual
1613 page for more details.
1615 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally
1616 best to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch
1617 first, then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested
1618 upgrade path, and has the highest probability of being successful.
1619 Please try this approach before reporting problems with a major
1624 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1627 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1628 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1630 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1632 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1633 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1634 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1636 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1640 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1641 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1642 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1644 make kernel-toolchain
1645 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1646 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1648 To test a kernel once
1649 ---------------------
1650 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1651 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1652 debugging information) run
1653 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1654 nextboot -k testkernel
1656 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1657 --------------------------------------------------------------
1658 This assumes you are already running a 5.X system. Replace
1659 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1660 "alpha", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", etc).
1662 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1663 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1664 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1669 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1671 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1672 -----------------------------------------------------------
1673 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1674 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1676 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1678 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1680 <reboot in single user> [3]
1688 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1689 --------------------------------------------------
1690 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1691 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1692 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1695 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1698 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1699 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1700 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1701 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1702 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1703 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1704 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1705 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1706 <reboot into current>
1707 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1708 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1712 To upgrade in-place from 5.x-stable to current
1713 ----------------------------------------------
1714 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1716 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1718 <reboot in single user> [3]
1725 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1726 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1727 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1728 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1729 the UPDATING entries.
1731 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1732 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1733 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1734 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1735 much fewer pitfalls.
1737 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1738 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1741 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1746 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1747 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1748 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1750 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1751 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1752 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1753 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1754 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1755 for potential gotchas.
1757 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1758 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1759 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1760 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1761 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1762 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1764 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries
1765 needed to do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4
1766 option in your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system
1767 that is hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5
1768 is required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels.
1770 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1771 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1773 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1774 cvs prune empty directories.
1776 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1777 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1778 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1780 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1781 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1782 warn if it is improperly defined.
1785 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1786 breakages in tracking -current. Not all things will be listed here,
1787 and it only starts on October 16, 2004. Updating files can found in
1788 previous releases if your system is older than this.
1790 Copyright information:
1792 Copyright 1998-2005 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1794 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1795 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1796 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1798 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1799 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1800 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1801 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1802 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1803 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1804 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1805 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1806 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1807 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1808 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1810 If you find this document useful, and you want to, you may buy the
1813 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of