1 Updating Information for FreeBSD current users
3 This file is maintained and copyrighted by M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org>.
4 See end of file for further details. For commonly done items, please see the
5 COMMON ITEMS: section later in the file. These instructions assume that you
6 basically know what you are doing. If not, then please consult the FreeBSD
9 Items affecting the ports and packages system can be found in
10 /usr/ports/UPDATING. Please read that file before running portupgrade.
12 20140916: p19 FreeBSD-SA-14:19.tcp
13 Fix Denial of Service in TCP packet processing. [SA-14:19]
15 20140909: p18 FreeBSD-SA-14:18.openssl
16 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:18]
18 20140708: p17 FreeBSD-SA-14:17.kmem
19 Fix kernel memory disclosure in control messages and SCTP
20 notifications. [SA-14:17]
22 20140624: p16 FreeBSD-SA-14:16.file
23 FreeBSD-EN-14:08.heimdal
25 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in file(1) and libmagic(3).
28 Fix gss_pseudo_random interoperability issue. [EN-14:08]
30 20140605: p15 FreeBSD-SA-14:14.openssl
31 Fix OpenSSL multiple vulnerabilities. [SA-14:14]
33 20140603: p14 FreeBSD-SA-14:11.sendmail
34 FreeBSD-SA-14:12.ktrace
38 Fix sendmail improper close-on-exec flag handling. [SA-14:11]
40 Fix ktrace memory disclosure. [SA-14:12]
42 Fix incorrect error handling in PAM policy parser. [SA-14:13]
44 Fix triple-fault when executing from a threaded process.
47 20140513: p13 FreeBSD-EN-14:03.pkg
48 FreeBSD-EN-14:04.kldxref
51 Add pkg bootstrapping, configuration and public keys. [EN-14:03]
53 Improve build repeatability for kldxref(8). [EN-14:04]
55 Fix data corruption with ciss(4). [EN-14:05]
57 20140430: p12 FreeBSD-SA-14:08.tcp
59 Fix TCP reassembly vulnerability. [SA-14:08]
61 20140408: p11 FreeBSD-SA-14:05.nfsserver
62 FreeBSD-SA-14:06.openssl
63 Fix deadlock in the NFS server. [SA-14:05]
65 Fix for ECDSA Cache Side-channel Attack in OpenSSL. [SA-14:06]
67 20140114: p10 FreeBSD-SA-14:01.bsnmpd
70 FreeBSD-EN-14:01.random
72 Fix bsnmpd remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:01]
74 Fix ntpd distributed reflection Denial of Service
75 vulnerability. [SA-14:02]
77 Fix BIND remote denial of service vulnerability. [SA-14:04]
79 Disable hardware RNGs by default. [EN-14:01]
81 Fix incorrect coalescing of stack entry with mmap. [EN-14:02]
83 20131128: p9 FreeBSD-EN-13:05.freebsd-update
84 Fix error in patch for FreeBSD-EN-13:04.freebsd-update.
86 20131026: p8 FreeBSD-EN-13:04.freebsd-update
87 Fix multiple freebsd-update bugs that break upgrading to
90 20130910: p7 FreeBSD-SA-13:12.ifioctl
91 FreeBSD-SA-13:13.nullfs
93 In IPv6 and NetATM, stop SIOCSIFADDR, SIOCSIFBRDADDR,
94 SIOCSIFDSTADDR and SIOCSIFNETMASK at the socket layer rather
95 than pass them on to the link layer without validation or
96 credential checks. [SA-13:12]
98 Prevent cross-mount hardlinks between different nullfs mounts
99 of the same underlying filesystem. [SA-13:13]
101 20130822: p6 FreeBSD-SA-13:09.ip_multicast
102 FreeBSD-SA-13:10.sctp
104 Fix an integer overflow in computing the size of a temporary buffer
105 can result in a buffer which is too small for the requested
108 Fix a bug that could lead to kernel memory disclosure with
109 SCTP state cookie. [13:10]
111 Fix a data corruption problem with mfi(4) operating on > 2TB
112 disks in a JBOD. [EN-13:03]
114 20130726: p5 FreeBSD-SA-13:07.bind FreeBSD-SA-13:08.nfsserver
115 Fix Denial of Service vulnerability in named(8). [13:07]
117 Fix a bug that allows remote client bypass the normal
118 access checks when when -network or -host restrictions are
119 used at the same time with -mapall. [13:08]
121 20130618: p4 FreeBSD-SA-13:06.mmap
122 Fix a bug that allowed a tracing process (e.g. gdb) to write
123 to a memory-mapped file in the traced process's address space
124 even if neither the traced process nor the tracing process had
125 write access to that file.
127 20130429: p3 FreeBSD-SA-13:05.nfsserver
128 Fix a bug that allows NFS clients to issue READDIR on files.
130 20130402: p2 FreeBSD-SA-13:03.openssl FreeBSD-SA-13:04.bind
131 Fix multiple vulnerabilities in OpenSSL.
133 Fix Denial of Service vulnerability in named(8).
135 20130218: p1 FreeBSD-SA-13:01.bind FreeBSD-SA-13:02.libc
136 Fix Denial of Service vulnerability in named(8) with DNS64.
138 Fix Denial of Service vulnerability in libc's glob(3) functionality.
144 The sparc64 ZFS loader has been changed to no longer try to auto-
145 detect ZFS providers based on diskN aliases but now requires these
146 to be explicitly listed in the OFW boot-device environment variable.
149 Now unix domain sockets behave "as expected" on nullfs(5). Previously
150 nullfs(5) did not pass through all behaviours to the underlying layer,
151 as a result if we bound to a socket on the lower layer we could connect
152 only to the lower path; if we bound to the upper layer we could connect
153 only to the upper path. The new behavior is one can connect to both the
154 lower and the upper paths regardless what layer path one binds to.
157 The acpi_wmi(4) status device /dev/wmistat has been renamed to
161 A new VOP_ADVISE() was added to support posix_fadvise(2). All
162 filesystem modules must be recompiled.
165 The interface of the VOP_VPTOCNP(9) changed, now the returned
166 vnode shall be referenced, previously it was required to be
167 only held. All in-tree filesystems are converted.
173 The broken amd(4) driver has been replaced with esp(4) in the amd64,
174 i386 and pc98 GENERIC kernel configuration files.
177 This commit modifies vfs_register() so that it uses a hash
178 calculation to set vfc_typenum, which is enabled by default.
179 The first time a system is booted after this change, the
180 vfc_typenum values will change for all file systems. The
181 main effect of this is a change to the NFS server file handles
182 for file systems that use vfc_typenum in their fsid, such as ZFS.
183 It will, however, prevent vfc_typenum from changing when file
184 systems are loaded in a different order for subsequent reboots.
185 To disable this, you can set vfs.typenumhash=0 in /boot/loader.conf
186 until you are ready to remount all NFS clients after a reboot.
189 Bump the shared library version numbers for libraries that
190 do not use symbol versioning, have changed the ABI compared
191 to stable/8 and which shared library version was not bumped.
192 Done as part of 9.0-RELEASE cycle.
195 During the merge of Capsicum features, the fget(9) KPI was modified.
196 This may require the rebuilding of out-of-tree device drivers --
197 issues have been reported specifically with the nVidia device driver.
198 __FreeBSD_version is bumped to 900041.
200 Also, there is a period between 20110811 and 20110814 where the
201 special devices /dev/{stdin,stdout,stderr} did not work correctly.
202 Building world from a kernel during that window may not work.
205 The packet filter (pf) code has been updated to OpenBSD 4.5.
206 You need to update userland tools to be in sync with kernel.
207 This update breaks backward compatibility with earlier pfsync(4)
208 versions. Care must be taken when updating redundant firewall setups.
211 The following sysctls and tunables are retired on x86 platforms:
213 machdep.hlt_logical_cpus
214 The following sysctl is retired:
215 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed
216 The sysctls were supposed to provide a way to dynamically offline and
217 online selected CPUs on x86 platforms, but the implementation has not
218 been reliable especially with SCHED_ULE scheduler.
219 machdep.hyperthreading_allowed tunable is still available to ignore
220 hyperthreading CPUs at OS level.
221 Individual CPUs can be disabled using hint.lapic.X.disabled tunable,
222 where X is an APIC ID of a CPU. Be advised, though, that disabling
223 CPUs in non-uniform fashion will result in non-uniform topology and
224 may lead to sub-optimal system performance with SCHED_ULE, which is
228 cpumask_t type is retired and cpuset_t is used in order to describe
232 Changes to ifconfig(8) for dynamic address family detection mandate
233 that you are running a kernel of 20110525 or later. Make sure to
234 follow the update procedure to boot a new kernel before installing
238 Support for sun4v architecture is officially dropped
241 Several KPI breaking changes have been committed to the mii(4) layer,
242 the PHY drivers and consequently some Ethernet drivers using mii(4).
243 This means that miibus.ko and the modules of the affected Ethernet
244 drivers need to be recompiled.
246 Note to kernel developers: Given that the OUI bit reversion problem
247 was fixed as part of these changes all mii(4) commits related to OUIs,
248 i.e. to sys/dev/mii/miidevs, PHY driver probing and vendor specific
249 handling, no longer can be merged verbatim to stable/8 and previous
253 Users of the Atheros AR71xx SoC code now need to add 'device ar71xx_pci'
254 into their kernel configurations along with 'device pci'.
257 The default NFS client is now the new NFS client, so fstype "newnfs"
258 is now "nfs" and the regular/old NFS client is now fstype "oldnfs".
259 Although mounts via fstype "nfs" will usually work without userland
260 changes, it is recommended that the mount(8) and mount_nfs(8)
261 commands be rebuilt from sources and that a link to mount_nfs called
262 mount_oldnfs be created. The new client is compiled into the
263 kernel with "options NFSCL" and this is needed for diskless root
264 file systems. The GENERIC kernel configs have been changed to use
265 NFSCL and NFSD (the new server) instead of NFSCLIENT and NFSSERVER.
266 To use the regular/old client, you can "mount -t oldnfs ...". For
267 a diskless root file system, you must also include a line like:
269 vfs.root.mountfrom="oldnfs:"
271 in the boot/loader.conf on the root fs on the NFS server to make
272 a diskless root fs use the old client.
275 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new
276 CAM-based ATA stack. It means that all legacy ATA drivers were
277 removed and replaced by respective CAM drivers. If you are using
278 ATA device names in /etc/fstab or other places, make sure to update
279 them respectively (adX -> adaY, acdX -> cdY, afdX -> daY, astX -> saY,
280 where 'Y's are the sequential numbers starting from zero for each type
281 in order of detection, unless configured otherwise with tunables,
282 see cam(4)). There will be symbolic links created in /dev/ to map
283 old adX devices to the respective adaY. They should provide basic
284 compatibility for file systems mounting in most cases, but they do
285 not support old user-level APIs and do not have respective providers
286 in GEOM. Consider using updated management tools with new device names.
288 It is possible to load devices ahci, ata, siis and mvs as modules,
289 but option ATA_CAM should remain in kernel configuration to make ata
290 module work as CAM driver supporting legacy ATA controllers. Device ata
291 still can be used in modular fashion (atacore + ...). Modules atadisk
292 and atapi* are not used and won't affect operation in ATA_CAM mode.
293 Note that to use CAM-based ATA kernel should include CAM devices
294 scbus, pass, da (or explicitly ada), cd and optionally others. All of
295 them are parts of the cam module.
297 ataraid(4) functionality is now supported by the RAID GEOM class.
298 To use it you can load geom_raid kernel module and use graid(8) tool
299 for management. Instead of /dev/arX device names, use /dev/raid/rX.
301 No kernel config options or code have been removed, so if a problem
302 arises, please report it and optionally revert to the old ATA stack.
303 In order to do it you can remove from the kernel config:
308 , and instead add back:
309 device atadisk # ATA disk drives
310 device ataraid # ATA RAID drives
311 device atapicd # ATAPI CDROM drives
312 device atapifd # ATAPI floppy drives
313 device atapist # ATAPI tape drives
316 The default NFS server has been changed to the new server, which
317 was referred to as the experimental server. If you need to switch
318 back to the old NFS server, you must now put the "-o" option on
319 both the mountd and nfsd commands. This can be done using the
320 mountd_flags and nfs_server_flags rc.conf variables until an
321 update to the rc scripts is committed, which is coming soon.
324 The GNU Objective-C runtime library (libobjc), and other Objective-C
325 related components have been removed from the base system. If you
326 require an Objective-C library, please use one of the available ports.
329 ath(4) has been split into bus- and device- modules. if_ath contains
330 the HAL, the TX rate control and the network device code. if_ath_pci
331 contains the PCI bus glue. For Atheros MIPS embedded systems, if_ath_ahb
332 contains the AHB glue. Users need to load both if_ath_pci and if_ath
333 in order to use ath on everything else.
335 TO REPEAT: if_ath_ahb is not needed for normal users. Normal users only
336 need to load if_ath and if_ath_pci for ath(4) operation.
339 As part of the replacement of sysinstall, the process of building
340 release media has changed significantly. For details, please re-read
341 release(7), which has been updated to reflect the new build process.
344 GNU binutils 2.17.50 (as of 2007-07-03) has been merged to -HEAD. This
345 is the last available version under GPLv2. It brings a number of new
346 features, such as support for newer x86 CPU's (with SSE-3, SSSE-3, SSE
347 4.1 and SSE 4.2), better support for powerpc64, a number of new
348 directives, and lots of other small improvements. See the ChangeLog
349 file in contrib/binutils for the full details.
352 IPsec's HMAC_SHA256-512 support has been fixed to be RFC4868
353 compliant, and will now use half of hash for authentication.
354 This will break interoperability with all stacks (including all
355 actual FreeBSD versions) who implement
356 draft-ietf-ipsec-ciph-sha-256-00 (they use 96 bits of hash for
358 The only workaround with such peers is to use another HMAC
359 algorithm for IPsec ("phase 2") authentication.
362 Remove the uio_yield prototype and symbol. This function has
363 been misnamed since it was introduced and should not be
364 globally exposed with this name. The equivalent functionality
365 is now available using kern_yield(curthread->td_user_pri).
366 The function remains undocumented.
369 A SYSCTL_[ADD_]UQUAD was added for unsigned uint64_t pointers,
370 symmetric with the existing SYSCTL_[ADD_]QUAD. Type checking
371 for scalar sysctls is defined but disabled. Code that needs
372 UQUAD to pass the type checking that must compile on older
373 systems where the define is not present can check against
374 __FreeBSD_version >= 900030.
376 The system dialog(1) has been replaced with a new version previously
377 in ports as devel/cdialog. dialog(1) is mostly command-line compatible
378 with the previous version, but the libdialog associated with it has
379 a largely incompatible API. As such, the original version of libdialog
380 will be kept temporarily as libodialog, until its base system consumers
381 are replaced or updated. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900030.
384 If you are trying to run make universe on a -stable system, and you get
385 the following warning:
386 "Makefile", line 356: "Target architecture for i386/conf/GENERIC
387 unknown. config(8) likely too old."
388 or something similar to it, then you must upgrade your -stable system
389 to 8.2-Release or newer (really, any time after r210146 7/15/2010 in
390 stable/8) or build the config from the latest stable/8 branch and
391 install it on your system.
393 Prior to this date, building a current universe on 8-stable system from
394 between 7/15/2010 and 1/2/2011 would result in a weird shell parsing
395 error in the first kernel build phase. A new config on those old
396 systems will fix that problem for older versions of -current.
399 The TCP stack has been modified to allow Khelp modules to interact with
400 it via helper hook points and store per-connection data in the TCP
401 control block. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900029. User space tools that
402 rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to
406 Generic IEEE 802.3 annex 31B full duplex flow control support has been
407 added to mii(4) and bge(4), bce(4), msk(4), nfe(4) and stge(4) along
408 with brgphy(4), e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy() have been converted
409 to take advantage of it instead of using custom implementations. This
410 means that these drivers now no longer unconditionally advertise
411 support for flow control but only do so if flow control is a selected
412 media option. This was implemented in the generic support that way in
413 order to allow flow control to be switched on and off via ifconfig(8)
414 with the PHY specific default to typically off in order to protect
415 from unwanted effects. Consequently, if you used flow control with
416 one of the above mentioned drivers you now need to explicitly enable
418 ifconfig bge0 media auto mediaopt flowcontrol
420 Along with the above mentioned changes generic support for setting
421 1000baseT master mode also has been added and brgphy(4), ciphy(4),
422 e1000phy(4) as well as ip1000phy(4) have been converted to take
423 advantage of it. This means that these drivers now no longer take the
424 link0 parameter for selecting master mode but the master media option
425 has to be used instead, for example like in the following:
426 ifconfig bge0 media 1000baseT mediaopt full-duplex,master
428 Selection of master mode now is also available with all other PHY
429 drivers supporting 1000baseT.
432 The TCP stack has received a significant update to add support for
433 modularised congestion control and generally improve the clarity of
434 congestion control decisions. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 900025. User
435 space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in tcp_var.h (e.g.
436 sockstat) need to be recompiled.
439 The man(1) utility has been replaced by a new version that no longer
440 uses /etc/manpath.config. Please consult man.conf(5) for how to
441 migrate local entries to the new format.
444 The copyright strings printed by login(1) and sshd(8) at the time of a
445 new connection have been removed to follow other operating systems and
449 A workaround for a fixed ld bug has been removed in kernel code,
450 so make sure that your system ld is built from sources after
451 revision 210245 from 2010-07-19 (r211583 if building head kernel
452 on stable/8, r211584 for stable/7; both from 2010-08-21).
453 A symptom of incorrect ld version is different addresses for
454 set_pcpu section and __start_set_pcpu symbol in kernel and/or modules.
457 The $ipv6_prefer variable in rc.conf(5) has been split into
458 $ip6addrctl_policy and $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces.
460 The $ip6addrctl_policy is a variable to choose a pre-defined
461 address selection policy set by ip6addrctl(8). A value
462 "ipv4_prefer", "ipv6_prefer" or "AUTO" can be specified. The
465 The $ipv6_activate_all_interfaces specifies whether IFDISABLED
466 flag (see an entry of 20090926) is set on an interface with no
467 corresponding $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 line. The default is "NO" for
468 security reason. If you want IPv6 link-local address on all
469 interfaces by default, set this to "YES".
471 The old ipv6_prefer="YES" is equivalent to
472 ipv6_activate_all_interfaces="YES" and
473 ip6addrctl_policy="ipv6_prefer".
476 DTrace has grown support for userland tracing. Due to this, DTrace is
477 now i386 and amd64 only.
478 dtruss(1) is now installed by default on those systems and a new
479 kernel module is needed for userland tracing: fasttrap.
480 No changes to your kernel config file are necessary to enable
481 userland tracing, but you might consider adding 'STRIP=' and
482 'CFLAGS+=-fno-omit-frame-pointer' to your make.conf if you want
483 to have informative userland stack traces in DTrace (ustack).
486 The acpi_aiboost(4) driver has been removed in favor of the new
487 aibs(4) driver. You should update your kernel configuration file.
490 BSD grep has been imported to the base system and it is built by
491 default. It is completely BSD licensed, highly GNU-compatible, uses
492 less memory than its GNU counterpart and has a small codebase.
493 However, it is slower than its GNU counterpart, which is mostly
494 noticeable for larger searches, for smaller ones it is measurable
495 but not significant. The reason is complex, the most important factor
496 is that we lack a modern and efficient regex library and GNU
497 overcomes this by optimizing the searches internally. Future work
498 on improving the regex performance is planned, for the meantime,
499 users that need better performance, can build GNU grep instead by
500 setting the WITH_GNU_GREP knob.
503 Due to the import of powerpc64 support, all existing powerpc kernel
504 configuration files must be updated with a machine directive like this:
505 machine powerpc powerpc
507 In addition, an updated config(8) is required to build powerpc kernels
511 A new version of ZFS (version 15) has been merged to -HEAD.
512 This version uses a python library for the following subcommands:
513 zfs allow, zfs unallow, zfs groupspace, zfs userspace.
514 For full functionality of these commands the following port must
515 be installed: sysutils/py-zfs
518 'vm_page's are now hashed by physical address to an array of mutexes.
519 Currently this is only used to serialize access to hold_count. Over
520 time the page queue mutex will be peeled away. This changes the size
521 of pmap on every architecture. And requires all callers of vm_page_hold
522 and vm_page_unhold to be updated.
525 WITH_CTF can now be specified in src.conf (not recommended, there
526 are some problems with static executables), make.conf (would also
527 affect ports which do not use GNU make and do not override the
528 compile targets) or in the kernel config (via "makeoptions
530 When WITH_CTF was specified there before this was silently ignored,
531 so make sure that WITH_CTF is not used in places which could lead
532 to unwanted behavior.
535 The kernel option COMPAT_IA32 has been replaced with COMPAT_FREEBSD32
536 to allow 32-bit compatibility on non-x86 platforms. All kernel
537 configurations on amd64 and ia64 platforms using these options must
538 be modified accordingly.
541 The utmp user accounting database has been replaced with utmpx,
542 the user accounting interface standardized by POSIX.
543 Unfortunately the semantics of utmp and utmpx don't match,
544 making it practically impossible to support both interfaces.
545 The user accounting database is used by tools like finger(1),
546 last(1), talk(1), w(1) and ac(8).
548 All applications in the base system use utmpx. This means only
549 local binaries (e.g. from the ports tree) may still use these
550 utmp database files. These applications must be rebuilt to make
553 After the system has been upgraded, it is safe to remove the old
554 log files (/var/run/utmp, /var/log/lastlog and /var/log/wtmp*),
555 assuming their contents is of no importance anymore. Old wtmp
556 databases can only be used by last(1) and ac(8) after they have
557 been converted to the new format using wtmpcvt(1).
560 Introduce the kernel thread "deadlock resolver" (which can be enabled
561 via the DEADLKRES option, see NOTES for more details) and the
562 sleepq_type() function for sleepqueues.
565 The rc.firewall and rc.firewall6 were unified, and
566 rc.firewall6 and rc.d/ip6fw were removed.
567 According to the removal of rc.d/ip6fw, ipv6_firewall_* rc
568 variables are obsoleted. Instead, the following new rc
569 variables are added to rc.d/ipfw:
571 firewall_client_net_ipv6, firewall_simple_iif_ipv6,
572 firewall_simple_inet_ipv6, firewall_simple_oif_ipv6,
573 firewall_simple_onet_ipv6, firewall_trusted_ipv6
575 The meanings correspond to the relevant IPv4 variables.
581 The default terminal emulation for syscons(4) has been changed
582 from cons25 to xterm on all platforms except pc98. This means
583 that the /etc/ttys file needs to be updated to ensure correct
584 operation of applications on the console.
586 The terminal emulation style can be toggled per window by using
587 vidcontrol(1)'s -T flag. The TEKEN_CONS25 kernel configuration
588 options can be used to change the compile-time default back to
591 To prevent graphical artifacts, make sure the TERM environment
592 variable is set to match the terminal emulation that is being
593 performed by syscons(4).
596 The layout of the structure ieee80211req_scan_result has changed.
597 Applications that require wireless scan results (e.g. ifconfig(8))
598 from net80211 need to be recompiled.
600 Applications such as wpa_supplicant(8) may require a full world
601 build without using NO_CLEAN in order to get synchronized with the
605 The iwn(4) driver has been updated to support the 5000 and 5150 series.
606 There's one kernel module for each firmware. Adding "device iwnfw"
607 to the kernel configuration file means including all three firmware
608 images inside the kernel. If you want to include just the one for
609 your wireless card, use the devices iwn4965fw, iwn5000fw or
613 The rc.d/network_ipv6, IPv6 configuration script has been integrated
614 into rc.d/netif. The changes are the following:
616 1. To use IPv6, simply define $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 like $ifconfig_IF
617 for IPv4. For aliases, $ifconfig_IF_aliasN should be used.
618 Note that both variables need the "inet6" keyword at the head.
620 Do not set $ipv6_network_interfaces manually if you do not
621 understand what you are doing. It is not needed in most cases.
623 $ipv6_ifconfig_IF and $ipv6_ifconfig_IF_aliasN still work, but
626 2. $ipv6_enable is obsolete. Use $ipv6_prefer and
627 "inet6 accept_rtadv" keyword in ifconfig(8) instead.
629 If you define $ipv6_enable=YES, it means $ipv6_prefer=YES and
630 all configured interfaces have "inet6 accept_rtadv" in the
631 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. These are for backward compatibility.
633 3. A new variable $ipv6_prefer has been added. If NO, IPv6
634 functionality of interfaces with no corresponding
635 $ifconfig_IF_ipv6 is disabled by using "inet6 ifdisabled" flag,
636 and the default address selection policy of ip6addrctl(8)
637 is the IPv4-preferred one (see rc.d/ip6addrctl for more details).
638 Note that if you want to configure IPv6 functionality on the
639 disabled interfaces after boot, first you need to clear the flag by
640 using ifconfig(8) like:
642 ifconfig em0 inet6 -ifdisabled
644 If YES, the default address selection policy is set as
647 The default value of $ipv6_prefer is NO.
649 4. If your system need to receive Router Advertisement messages,
650 define "inet6 accept_rtadv" in $ifconfig_IF_ipv6. The rc(8)
651 scripts automatically invoke rtsol(8) when the interface becomes
652 UP. The Router Advertisement messages are used for SLAAC
653 (State-Less Address AutoConfiguration).
656 802.11s D3.03 support was committed. This is incompatible with the
657 previous code, which was based on D3.0.
660 A sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.accept_rtadv now sets the default value
661 of a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_ACCEPT_RTADV, not a global knob to
662 control whether accepting Router Advertisement messages or not.
663 Also, a per-interface flag ND6_IFF_AUTO_LINKLOCAL has been added and
664 a sysctl variable net.inet6.ip6.auto_linklocal is its default value.
665 The ifconfig(8) utility now supports these flags.
668 ZFS snapshots are now mounted with MNT_IGNORE flag. Use -v option for
669 mount(8) and -a option for df(1) to see them.
672 The old tunable hw.bus.devctl_disable has been superseded by
673 hw.bus.devctl_queue. hw.bus.devctl_disable=1 in loader.conf should be
674 replaced by hw.bus.devctl_queue=0. The default for this new tunable
678 Remove the option STOP_NMI. The default action is now to use NMI only
679 for KDB via the newly introduced function stop_cpus_hard() and
680 maintain stop_cpus() to just use a normal IPI_STOP on ia32 and amd64.
683 The stable/8 branch created in subversion. This corresponds to the
684 RELENG_8 branch in CVS.
687 Bump the shared library version numbers for all libraries that do not
688 use symbol versioning as part of the 8.0-RELEASE cycle. Bump
689 __FreeBSD_version to 800105.
692 Due to changes in the implementation of virtual network stack support,
693 all network-related kernel modules must be recompiled. As this change
694 breaks the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800104.
697 The TOE interface to the TCP syncache has been modified to remove
698 struct tcpopt (<netinet/tcp_var.h>) from the ABI of the network stack.
699 The cxgb driver is the only TOE consumer affected by this change, and
700 needs to be recompiled along with the kernel. As this change breaks
701 the ABI, bump __FreeBSD_version to 800103.
704 Padding has been added to struct tcpcb, sackhint and tcpstat in
705 <netinet/tcp_var.h> to facilitate future MFCs and bug fixes whilst
706 maintaining the ABI. However, this change breaks the ABI, so bump
707 __FreeBSD_version to 800102. User space tools that rely on the size of
708 any of these structs (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
711 The NFS_LEGACYRPC option has been removed along with the old kernel
712 RPC implementation that this option selected. Kernel configurations
713 may need to be adjusted.
716 The network interface device nodes at /dev/net/<interface> have been
717 removed. All ioctl operations can be performed the normal way using
718 routing sockets. The kqueue functionality can generally be replaced
719 with routing sockets.
722 The documentation from the FreeBSD Documentation Project (Handbook,
723 FAQ, etc.) is now installed via packages by sysinstall(8) and under
724 the /usr/local/share/doc/freebsd directory instead of /usr/share/doc.
727 The ABI of various structures related to the SYSV IPC API have been
728 changed. As a result, the COMPAT_FREEBSD[456] and COMPAT_43 kernel
729 options now all require COMPAT_FREEBSD7. Bump __FreeBSD_version to
733 Layout of struct vnet has changed as routing related variables were
734 moved to their own Vimage module. Modules need to be recompiled. Bump
735 __FreeBSD_version to 800099.
738 NGROUPS_MAX and NGROUPS have been increased from 16 to 1023 and 1024
739 respectively. As long as no more than 16 groups per process are used,
740 no changes should be visible. When more than 16 groups are used, old
741 binaries may fail if they call getgroups() or getgrouplist() with
742 statically sized storage. Recompiling will work around this, but
743 applications should be modified to use dynamically allocated storage
744 for group arrays as POSIX.1-2008 does not cap an implementation's
745 number of supported groups at NGROUPS_MAX+1 as previous versions did.
747 NFS and portalfs mounts may also be affected as the list of groups is
748 truncated to 16. Users of NFS who use more than 16 groups, should
749 take care that negative group permissions are not used on the exported
750 file systems as they will not be reliable unless a GSSAPI based
751 authentication method is used.
754 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_LOCKMGRS has been introduced. This
755 option compiles in the support for adaptive spinning for lockmgrs
756 which want to enable it. The lockinit() function now accepts the flag
757 LK_ADAPTIVE in order to make the lock object subject to adaptive
758 spinning when both held in write and read mode.
761 The layout of the structure returned by IEEE80211_IOC_STA_INFO has
762 changed. User applications that use this ioctl need to be rebuilt.
765 The layout of struct thread has changed. Kernel and modules need to
769 The layout of structs ifnet, domain, protosw and vnet_net has changed.
770 Kernel modules need to be rebuilt. Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800097.
773 window(1) has been removed from the base system. It can now be
774 installed from ports. The port is called misc/window.
777 The way we are storing and accessing `routing table' entries has
778 changed. Programs reading the FIB, like netstat, need to be
782 A new netisr implementation has been added for FreeBSD 8. Network
783 file system modules, such as igmp, ipdivert, and others, should be
785 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800096.
788 Remove the tunable/sysctl debug.mpsafevfs as its initial purpose is no
792 Add VOP_ACCESSX(9). File system modules need to be rebuilt.
793 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800094.
796 Add mnt_xflag field to 'struct mount'. File system modules need to be
798 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800093.
801 The compiling option ADAPTIVE_SX has been retired while it has been
802 introduced the option NO_ADAPTIVE_SX which handles the reversed logic.
803 The KPI for sx_init_flags() changes as accepting flags:
804 SX_ADAPTIVESPIN flag has been retired while the SX_NOADAPTIVE flag has
805 been introduced in order to handle the reversed logic.
806 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800092.
809 Add support for hierarchical jails. Remove global securelevel.
810 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800091.
813 The layout of struct vnet_net has changed, therefore modules
815 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800090.
818 The newly imported zic(8) produces a new format in the output. Please
819 run tzsetup(8) to install the newly created data to /etc/localtime.
822 The sysctl tree for the usb stack has renamed from hw.usb2.* to
823 hw.usb.* and is now consistent again with previous releases.
826 802.11 monitor mode support was revised and driver api's were changed.
827 Drivers dependent on net80211 now support DLT_IEEE802_11_RADIO instead
828 of DLT_IEEE802_11. No user-visible data structures were changed but
829 applications that use DLT_IEEE802_11 may require changes.
830 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800088.
833 The layout of the following structs has changed: sysctl_oid,
834 socket, ifnet, inpcbinfo, tcpcb, syncache_head, vnet_inet,
835 vnet_inet6 and vnet_ipfw. Most modules need to be rebuild or
836 panics may be experienced. World rebuild is required for
837 correctly checking networking state from userland.
838 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800085.
841 MLDv2 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
842 to the IPv6 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
843 The implementation of SSM within FreeBSD's IPv6 stack closely
844 follows the IPv4 implementation.
846 For kernel developers:
848 * The most important changes are that the ip6_output() and
849 ip6_input() paths no longer take the IN6_MULTI_LOCK,
850 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
852 * As with the changes to the IPv4 stack to support SSM, filtering
853 of inbound multicast traffic must now be performed by transport
854 protocols within the IPv6 stack. This does not apply to TCP and
855 SCTP, however, it does apply to UDP in IPv6 and raw IPv6.
857 * The KPIs used by IPv6 multicast are similar to those used by
858 the IPv4 stack, with the following differences:
859 * im6o_mc_filter() is analogous to imo_multicast_filter().
860 * The legacy KAME entry points in6_joingroup and in6_leavegroup()
861 are shimmed to in6_mc_join() and in6_mc_leave() respectively.
862 * IN6_LOOKUP_MULTI() has been deprecated and removed.
863 * IPv6 relies on MLD for the DAD mechanism. KAME's internal KPIs
864 for MLDv1 have an additional 'timer' argument which is used to
865 jitter the initial membership report for the solicited-node
866 multicast membership on-link.
867 * This is not strictly needed for MLDv2, which already jitters
868 its report transmissions. However, the 'timer' argument is
869 preserved in case MLDv1 is active on the interface.
871 * The KAME linked-list based IPv6 membership implementation has
872 been refactored to use a vector similar to that used by the IPv4
874 Code which maintains a list of its own multicast memberships
875 internally, e.g. carp, has been updated to reflect the new
878 * There is a known Lock Order Reversal (LOR) due to in6_setscope()
879 acquiring the IF_AFDATA_LOCK and being called within ip6_output().
880 Whilst MLDv2 tries to avoid this otherwise benign LOR, it is an
881 implementation constraint which needs to be addressed in HEAD.
883 For application developers:
885 * The changes are broadly similar to those made for the IPv4
888 * The use of IPv4 and IPv6 multicast socket options on the same
889 socket, using mapped addresses, HAS NOT been tested or supported.
891 * There are a number of issues with the implementation of various
892 IPv6 multicast APIs which need to be resolved in the API surface
893 before the implementation is fully compatible with KAME userland
894 use, and these are mostly to do with interface index treatment.
896 * The literature available discusses the use of either the delta / ASM
897 API with setsockopt(2)/getsockopt(2), or the full-state / ASM API
898 using setsourcefilter(3)/getsourcefilter(3). For more information
899 please refer to RFC 3768, 'Socket Interface Extensions for
900 Multicast Source Filters'.
902 * Applications which use the published RFC 3678 APIs should be fine.
904 For systems administrators:
906 * The mtest(8) utility has been refactored to support IPv6, in
907 addition to IPv4. Interface addresses are no longer accepted
908 as arguments, their names must be used instead. The utility
909 will map the interface name to its first IPv4 address as
910 returned by getifaddrs(3).
912 * The ifmcstat(8) utility has also been updated to print the MLDv2
913 endpoint state and source filter lists via sysctl(3).
915 * The net.inet6.ip6.mcast.loop sysctl may be tuned to 0 to disable
916 loopback of IPv6 multicast datagrams by default; it defaults to 1
917 to preserve the existing behaviour. Disabling multicast loopback is
918 recommended for optimal system performance.
920 * The IPv6 MROUTING code has been changed to examine this sysctl
921 instead of attempting to perform a group lookup before looping
922 back forwarded datagrams.
924 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800084.
927 Implement low-level Bluetooth HCI API.
928 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800083.
931 The layout of struct malloc_type, used by modules to register new
932 memory allocation types, has changed. Most modules will need to
933 be rebuilt or panics may be experienced.
934 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800081.
937 Anticipate overflowing inp_flags - add inp_flags2.
938 This changes most offsets in inpcb, so checking v4 connection
939 state will require a world rebuild.
940 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800080.
943 Add an llentry to struct route and struct route_in6. Modules
944 embedding a struct route will need to be recompiled.
945 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800079.
948 The size of rt_metrics_lite and by extension rtentry has changed.
949 Networking administration apps will need to be recompiled.
950 The route command now supports show as an alias for get, weighting
951 of routes, sticky and nostick flags to alter the behavior of stateful
953 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800078.
956 Do not use Giant for kbdmux(4) locking. This is wrong and
957 apparently causing more problems than it solves. This will
958 re-open the issue where interrupt handlers may race with
959 kbdmux(4) in polling mode. Typical symptoms include (but
960 not limited to) duplicated and/or missing characters when
961 low level console functions (such as gets) are used while
962 interrupts are enabled (for example geli password prompt,
963 mountroot prompt etc.). Disabling kbdmux(4) may help.
966 The size of structs vnet_net, vnet_inet and vnet_ipfw has changed;
967 kernel modules referencing any of the above need to be recompiled.
968 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800075.
971 GEOM_PART has become the default partition slicer for storage devices,
972 replacing GEOM_MBR, GEOM_BSD, GEOM_PC98 and GEOM_GPT slicers. It
973 introduces some changes:
975 MSDOS/EBR: the devices created from MSDOS extended partition entries
976 (EBR) can be named differently than with GEOM_MBR and are now symlinks
977 to devices with offset-based names. fstabs may need to be modified.
979 BSD: the "geometry does not match label" warning is harmless in most
980 cases but it points to problems in file system misalignment with
981 disk geometry. The "c" partition is now implicit, covers the whole
982 top-level drive and cannot be (mis)used by users.
984 General: Kernel dumps are now not allowed to be written to devices
985 whose partition types indicate they are meant to be used for file
986 systems (or, in case of MSDOS partitions, as something else than
989 Most of these changes date approximately from 200812.
992 The uscanner(4) driver has been removed from the kernel. This follows
993 Linux removing theirs in 2.6 and making libusb the default interface
997 The multicast forwarding code has been cleaned up. netstat(1)
998 only relies on KVM now for printing bandwidth upcall meters.
999 The IPv4 and IPv6 modules are split into ip_mroute_mod and
1000 ip6_mroute_mod respectively. The config(5) options for statically
1001 compiling this code remain the same, i.e. 'options MROUTING'.
1004 Support for the IFF_NEEDSGIANT network interface flag has been
1005 removed, which means that non-MPSAFE network device drivers are no
1006 longer supported. In particular, if_ar, if_sr, and network device
1007 drivers from the old (legacy) USB stack can no longer be built or
1011 POSIX.1 Native Language Support (NLS) has been enabled in libc and
1012 a bunch of new language catalog files have also been added.
1013 This means that some common libc messages are now localized and
1014 they depend on the LC_MESSAGES environmental variable.
1017 The k8temp(4) driver has been renamed to amdtemp(4) since
1018 support for Family 10 and Family 11 CPU families was added.
1021 IGMPv3 and Source-Specific Multicast (SSM) have been merged
1022 to the IPv4 stack. VIMAGE hooks are in but not yet used.
1024 For kernel developers, the most important changes are that the
1025 ip_output() and ip_input() paths no longer take the IN_MULTI_LOCK(),
1026 and this lock has been downgraded to a non-recursive mutex.
1028 Transport protocols (UDP, Raw IP) are now responsible for filtering
1029 inbound multicast traffic according to group membership and source
1030 filters. The imo_multicast_filter() KPI exists for this purpose.
1031 Transports which do not use multicast (SCTP, TCP) already reject
1032 multicast by default. Forwarding and receive performance may improve
1033 as a mutex acquisition is no longer needed in the ip_input()
1034 low-level input path. in_addmulti() and in_delmulti() are shimmed
1035 to new KPIs which exist to support SSM in-kernel.
1037 For application developers, it is recommended that loopback of
1038 multicast datagrams be disabled for best performance, as this
1039 will still cause the lock to be taken for each looped-back
1040 datagram transmission. The net.inet.ip.mcast.loop sysctl may
1041 be tuned to 0 to disable loopback by default; it defaults to 1
1042 to preserve the existing behaviour.
1044 For systems administrators, to obtain best performance with
1045 multicast reception and multiple groups, it is always recommended
1046 that a card with a suitably precise hash filter is used. Hash
1047 collisions will still result in the lock being taken within the
1048 transport protocol input path to check group membership.
1050 If deploying FreeBSD in an environment with IGMP snooping switches,
1051 it is recommended that the net.inet.igmp.sendlocal sysctl remain
1052 enabled; this forces 224.0.0.0/24 group membership to be announced
1055 The size of 'struct igmpstat' has changed; netstat needs to be
1056 recompiled to reflect this.
1057 Bump __FreeBSD_version to 800070.
1060 libusb20.so.1 is now installed as libusb.so.1 and the ports system
1061 updated to use it. This requires a buildworld/installworld in order to
1062 update the library and dependencies (usbconfig, etc). Its advisable to
1063 rebuild all ports which uses libusb. More specific directions are given
1064 in the ports collection UPDATING file. Any /etc/libmap.conf entries for
1065 libusb are no longer required and can be removed.
1068 A workaround is committed to allow the creation of System V shared
1069 memory segment of size > 2 GB on the 64-bit architectures.
1070 Due to a limitation of the existing ABI, the shm_segsz member
1071 of the struct shmid_ds, returned by shmctl(IPC_STAT) call is
1072 wrong for large segments. Note that limits must be explicitly
1073 raised to allow such segments to be created.
1076 The layout of struct ifnet has changed, requiring a rebuild of all
1077 network device driver modules.
1080 The /dev handling for the new USB stack has changed, a
1081 buildworld/installworld is required for libusb20.
1084 The new USB2 stack has now been permanently moved in and all kernel and
1085 module names reverted to their previous values (eg, usb, ehci, ohci,
1086 ums, ...). The old usb stack can be compiled in by prefixing the name
1087 with the letter 'o', the old usb modules have been removed.
1088 Updating entry 20090216 for xorg and 20090215 for libmap may still
1092 The rc.conf(5) option if_up_delay has been renamed to
1093 defaultroute_delay to better reflect its purpose. If you have
1094 customized this setting in /etc/rc.conf you need to update it to
1098 xorg 7.4 wants to configure its input devices via hald which does not
1099 yet work with USB2. If the keyboard/mouse does not work in xorg then
1101 Option "AllowEmptyInput" "off"
1102 to your ServerLayout section. This will cause X to use the configured
1103 kbd and mouse sections from your xorg.conf.
1106 The GENERIC kernels for all architectures now default to the new USB2
1107 stack. No kernel config options or code have been removed so if a
1108 problem arises please report it and optionally revert to the old USB
1109 stack. If you are loading USB kernel modules or have a custom kernel
1110 that includes GENERIC then ensure that usb names are also changed over,
1111 eg uftdi -> usb2_serial_ftdi.
1113 Older programs linked against the ports libusb 0.1 need to be
1114 redirected to the new stack's libusb20. /etc/libmap.conf can
1116 # Map old usb library to new one for usb2 stack
1117 libusb-0.1.so.8 libusb20.so.1
1120 All USB ethernet devices now attach as interfaces under the name ueN
1121 (eg. ue0). This is to provide a predictable name as vendors often
1122 change usb chipsets in a product without notice.
1125 The ichsmb(4) driver has been changed to require SMBus slave
1126 addresses be left-justified (xxxxxxx0b) rather than right-justified.
1127 All of the other SMBus controller drivers require left-justified
1128 slave addresses, so this change makes all the drivers provide the
1132 INET6 statistics (struct ip6stat) was updated.
1133 netstat(1) needs to be recompiled.
1136 NTFS has been removed from GENERIC kernel on amd64 to match
1137 GENERIC on i386. Should not cause any issues since mount_ntfs(8)
1138 will load ntfs.ko module automatically when NTFS support is
1139 actually needed, unless ntfs.ko is not installed or security
1140 level prohibits loading kernel modules. If either is the case,
1141 "options NTFS" has to be added into kernel config.
1144 TCP Appropriate Byte Counting (RFC 3465) support added to kernel.
1145 New field in struct tcpcb breaks ABI, so bump __FreeBSD_version to
1146 800061. User space tools that rely on the size of struct tcpcb in
1147 tcp_var.h (e.g. sockstat) need to be recompiled.
1150 ng_tty(4) module updated to match the new TTY subsystem.
1151 Due to API change, user-level applications must be updated.
1152 New API support added to mpd5 CVS and expected to be present
1153 in next mpd5.3 release.
1156 With __FreeBSD_version 800060 the makefs tool is part of
1157 the base system (it was a port).
1160 The afdata and ifnet locks have been changed from mutexes to
1161 rwlocks, network modules will need to be re-compiled.
1164 __FreeBSD_version 800059 incorporates the new arp-v2 rewrite.
1165 RTF_CLONING, RTF_LLINFO and RTF_WASCLONED flags are eliminated.
1166 The new code reduced struct rtentry{} by 16 bytes on 32-bit
1167 architecture and 40 bytes on 64-bit architecture. The userland
1168 applications "arp" and "ndp" have been updated accordingly.
1169 The output from "netstat -r" shows only routing entries and
1170 none of the L2 information.
1173 __FreeBSD_version 800057 marks the switchover from the
1174 binary ath hal to source code. Users must add the line:
1176 options AH_SUPPORT_AR5416
1178 to their kernel config files when specifying:
1182 The ath_hal module no longer exists; the code is now compiled
1183 together with the driver in the ath module. It is now
1184 possible to tailor chip support (i.e. reduce the set of chips
1185 and thereby the code size); consult ath_hal(4) for details.
1188 __FreeBSD_version 800054 adds memory barriers to
1189 <machine/atomic.h>, new interfaces to ifnet to facilitate
1190 multiple hardware transmit queues for cards that support
1191 them, and a lock-less ring-buffer implementation to
1192 enable drivers to more efficiently manage queueing of
1196 A new version of ZFS (version 13) has been merged to -HEAD.
1197 This version has zpool attribute "listsnapshots" off by
1198 default, which means "zfs list" does not show snapshots,
1199 and is the same as Solaris behavior.
1202 dummynet(4) ABI has changed. ipfw(8) needs to be recompiled.
1205 The uhci, ohci, ehci and slhci USB Host controller drivers have
1206 been put into separate modules. If you load the usb module
1207 separately through loader.conf you will need to load the
1208 appropriate *hci module as well. E.g. for a UHCI-based USB 2.0
1209 controller add the following to loader.conf:
1215 The ABI used by the PMC toolset has changed. Please keep
1216 userland (libpmc(3)) and the kernel module (hwpmc(4)) in
1220 atapci kernel module now includes only generic PCI ATA
1221 driver. AHCI driver moved to ataahci kernel module.
1222 All vendor-specific code moved into separate kernel modules:
1223 ataacard, ataacerlabs, ataadaptec, ataamd, ataati, atacenatek,
1224 atacypress, atacyrix, atahighpoint, ataintel, ataite, atajmicron,
1225 atamarvell, atamicron, atanational, atanetcell, atanvidia,
1226 atapromise, ataserverworks, atasiliconimage, atasis, atavia
1229 The TTY subsystem of the kernel has been replaced by a new
1230 implementation, which provides better scalability and an
1231 improved driver model. Most common drivers have been migrated to
1232 the new TTY subsystem, while others have not. The following
1233 drivers have not yet been ported to the new TTY layer:
1236 cy, digi, rc, rp, sio
1242 ng_h4, ng_tty, ppp, sl, snp
1244 Adding these drivers to your kernel configuration file shall
1245 cause compilation to fail.
1248 ntpd has been upgraded to 4.2.4p5.
1251 OpenSSH has been upgraded to 5.1p1.
1253 For many years, FreeBSD's version of OpenSSH preferred DSA
1254 over RSA for host and user authentication keys. With this
1255 upgrade, we've switched to the vendor's default of RSA over
1256 DSA. This may cause upgraded clients to warn about unknown
1257 host keys even for previously known hosts. Users should
1258 follow the usual procedure for verifying host keys before
1259 accepting the RSA key.
1261 This can be circumvented by setting the "HostKeyAlgorithms"
1262 option to "ssh-dss,ssh-rsa" in ~/.ssh/config or on the ssh
1265 Please note that the sequence of keys offered for
1266 authentication has been changed as well. You may want to
1267 specify IdentityFile in a different order to revert this
1271 The sio(4) driver has been removed from the i386 and amd64
1272 kernel configuration files. This means uart(4) is now the
1273 default serial port driver on those platforms as well.
1275 To prevent collisions with the sio(4) driver, the uart(4) driver
1276 uses different names for its device nodes. This means the
1277 onboard serial port will now most likely be called "ttyu0"
1278 instead of "ttyd0". You may need to reconfigure applications to
1279 use the new device names.
1281 When using the serial port as a boot console, be sure to update
1282 /boot/device.hints and /etc/ttys before booting the new kernel.
1283 If you forget to do so, you can still manually specify the hints
1284 at the loader prompt:
1286 set hint.uart.0.at="isa"
1287 set hint.uart.0.port="0x3F8"
1288 set hint.uart.0.flags="0x10"
1289 set hint.uart.0.irq="4"
1293 The gpt(8) utility has been removed. Use gpart(8) to partition
1297 The version that Linuxulator emulates was changed from 2.4.2
1298 to 2.6.16. If you experience any problems with Linux binaries
1299 please try to set sysctl compat.linux.osrelease to 2.4.2 and
1300 if it fixes the problem contact emulation mailing list.
1303 ISDN4BSD (I4B) was removed from the src tree. You may need to
1304 update a your kernel configuration and remove relevant entries.
1307 I have checked in code to support multiple routing tables.
1308 See the man pages setfib(1) and setfib(2).
1309 This is a hopefully backwards compatible version,
1310 but to make use of it you need to compile your kernel
1311 with options ROUTETABLES=2 (or more up to 16).
1314 The 802.11 wireless support was redone to enable multi-bss
1315 operation on devices that are capable. The underlying device
1316 is no longer used directly but instead wlanX devices are
1317 cloned with ifconfig. This requires changes to rc.conf files.
1318 For example, change:
1319 ifconfig_ath0="WPA DHCP"
1322 ifconfig_wlan0="WPA DHCP"
1323 see rc.conf(5) for more details. In addition, mergemaster of
1324 /etc/rc.d is highly recommended. Simultaneous update of userland
1325 and kernel wouldn't hurt either.
1327 As part of the multi-bss changes the wlan_scan_ap and wlan_scan_sta
1328 modules were merged into the base wlan module. All references
1329 to these modules (e.g. in kernel config files) must be removed.
1332 psm(4) has gained write(2) support in native operation level.
1333 Arbitrary commands can be written to /dev/psm%d and status can
1334 be read back from it. Therefore, an application is responsible
1335 for status validation and error recovery. It is a no-op in
1336 other operation levels.
1339 Support for KSE threading has been removed from the kernel. To
1340 run legacy applications linked against KSE libmap.conf may
1341 be used. The following libmap.conf may be used to ensure
1342 compatibility with any prior release:
1344 libpthread.so.1 libthr.so.1
1345 libpthread.so.2 libthr.so.2
1346 libkse.so.3 libthr.so.3
1349 The layout of struct vmspace has changed. This affects libkvm
1350 and any executables that link against libkvm and use the
1351 kvm_getprocs() function. In particular, but not exclusively,
1352 it affects ps(1), fstat(1), pkill(1), systat(1), top(1) and w(1).
1353 The effects are minimal, but it's advisable to upgrade world
1357 The latest em driver no longer has support in it for the
1358 82575 adapter, this is now moved to the igb driver. The
1359 split was done to make new features that are incompatible
1360 with older hardware easier to do.
1363 The new geom_lvm(4) geom class has been renamed to geom_linux_lvm(4),
1364 likewise the kernel option is now GEOM_LINUX_LVM.
1367 The default NFS mount mode has changed from UDP to TCP for
1368 increased reliability. If you rely on (insecurely) NFS
1369 mounting across a firewall you may need to update your
1373 Belatedly note the addition of m_collapse for compacting
1377 The fts(3) structures have been changed to use adequate
1378 integer types for their members and so to be able to cope
1379 with huge file trees. The old fts(3) ABI is preserved
1380 through symbol versioning in libc, so third-party binaries
1381 using fts(3) should still work, although they will not take
1382 advantage of the extended types. At the same time, some
1383 third-party software might fail to build after this change
1384 due to unportable assumptions made in its source code about
1385 fts(3) structure members. Such software should be fixed
1386 by its vendor or, in the worst case, in the ports tree.
1387 FreeBSD_version 800015 marks this change for the unlikely
1388 case that a portable fix is impossible.
1391 To upgrade to -current after this date, you must be running
1392 FreeBSD not older than 6.0-RELEASE. Upgrading to -current
1393 from 5.x now requires a stop over at RELENG_6 or RELENG_7 systems.
1396 The ADAPTIVE_GIANT kernel option has been retired because its
1397 functionality is the default now.
1400 The AT keyboard emulation of sunkbd(4) has been turned on
1401 by default. In order to make the special symbols of the Sun
1402 keyboards driven by sunkbd(4) work under X these now have
1403 to be configured the same way as Sun USB keyboards driven
1404 by ukbd(4) (which also does AT keyboard emulation), f.e.:
1406 Option "XkbLayout" "us"
1407 Option "XkbRules" "xorg"
1408 Option "XkbSymbols" "pc(pc105)+sun_vndr/usb(sun_usb)+us"
1411 It has been decided that it is desirable to provide ABI
1412 backwards compatibility to the FreeBSD 4/5/6 versions of the
1413 PCIOCGETCONF, PCIOCREAD and PCIOCWRITE IOCTLs, which was
1414 broken with the introduction of PCI domain support (see the
1415 20070930 entry). Unfortunately, this required the ABI of
1416 PCIOCGETCONF to be broken again in order to be able to
1417 provide backwards compatibility to the old version of that
1418 IOCTL. Thus consumers of PCIOCGETCONF have to be recompiled
1419 again. As for prominent ports this affects neither pciutils
1420 nor xorg-server this time, the hal port needs to be rebuilt
1424 The misnamed kthread_create() and friends have been renamed
1425 to kproc_create() etc. Many of the callers already
1426 used kproc_start()..
1427 I will return kthread_create() and friends in a while
1428 with implementations that actually create threads, not procs.
1429 Renaming corresponds with version 800002.
1438 Avoid using make -j when upgrading. While generally safe, there are
1439 sometimes problems using -j to upgrade. If your upgrade fails with
1440 -j, please try again without -j. From time to time in the past there
1441 have been problems using -j with buildworld and/or installworld. This
1442 is especially true when upgrading between "distant" versions (eg one
1443 that cross a major release boundary or several minor releases, or when
1444 several months have passed on the -current branch).
1446 Sometimes, obscure build problems are the result of environment
1447 poisoning. This can happen because the make utility reads its
1448 environment when searching for values for global variables. To run
1449 your build attempts in an "environmental clean room", prefix all make
1450 commands with 'env -i '. See the env(1) manual page for more details.
1452 When upgrading from one major version to another it is generally best
1453 to upgrade to the latest code in the currently installed branch first,
1454 then do an upgrade to the new branch. This is the best-tested upgrade
1455 path, and has the highest probability of being successful. Please try
1456 this approach before reporting problems with a major version upgrade.
1460 When upgrading the boot ZFS pool to a new version, always follow
1463 1.) recompile and reinstall the ZFS boot loader and boot block
1464 (this is part of "make buildworld" and "make installworld")
1466 2.) update the ZFS boot block on your boot drive
1468 The following example updates the ZFS boot block on the first
1469 partition (freebsd-boot) of a GPT partitioned drive ad0:
1470 "gpart bootcode -p /boot/gptzfsboot -i 1 ad0"
1472 Non-boot pools do not need these updates.
1476 If you are updating from a prior version of FreeBSD (even one just
1477 a few days old), you should follow this procedure. It is the most
1478 failsafe as it uses a /usr/obj tree with a fresh mini-buildworld,
1480 make kernel-toolchain
1481 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1482 make -DALWAYS_CHECK_MAKE installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1484 To test a kernel once
1485 ---------------------
1486 If you just want to boot a kernel once (because you are not sure
1487 if it works, or if you want to boot a known bad kernel to provide
1488 debugging information) run
1489 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE KODIR=/boot/testkernel
1490 nextboot -k testkernel
1492 To just build a kernel when you know that it won't mess you up
1493 --------------------------------------------------------------
1494 This assumes you are already running a CURRENT system. Replace
1495 ${arch} with the architecture of your machine (e.g. "i386",
1496 "arm", "amd64", "ia64", "pc98", "sparc64", "powerpc", "mips", etc).
1498 cd src/sys/${arch}/conf
1499 config KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1500 cd ../compile/KERNEL_NAME_HERE
1505 If this fails, go to the "To build a kernel" section.
1507 To rebuild everything and install it on the current system.
1508 -----------------------------------------------------------
1509 # Note: sometimes if you are running current you gotta do more than
1510 # is listed here if you are upgrading from a really old current.
1512 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1514 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1516 <reboot in single user> [3]
1524 To cross-install current onto a separate partition
1525 --------------------------------------------------
1526 # In this approach we use a separate partition to hold
1527 # current's root, 'usr', and 'var' directories. A partition
1528 # holding "/", "/usr" and "/var" should be about 2GB in
1531 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1534 make buildkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE
1535 <maybe newfs current's root partition>
1536 <mount current's root partition on directory ${CURRENT_ROOT}>
1537 make installworld DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1538 make distribution DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT} # if newfs'd
1539 make installkernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE DESTDIR=${CURRENT_ROOT}
1540 cp /etc/fstab ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab # if newfs'd
1541 <edit ${CURRENT_ROOT}/etc/fstab to mount "/" from the correct partition>
1542 <reboot into current>
1543 <do a "native" rebuild/install as described in the previous section>
1544 <maybe install compatibility libraries from ports/misc/compat*>
1548 To upgrade in-place from 8.x-stable to current
1549 ----------------------------------------------
1550 <make sure you have good level 0 dumps>
1552 make kernel KERNCONF=YOUR_KERNEL_HERE [8]
1554 <reboot in single user> [3]
1561 Make sure that you've read the UPDATING file to understand the
1562 tweaks to various things you need. At this point in the life
1563 cycle of current, things change often and you are on your own
1564 to cope. The defaults can also change, so please read ALL of
1565 the UPDATING entries.
1567 Also, if you are tracking -current, you must be subscribed to
1568 freebsd-current@freebsd.org. Make sure that before you update
1569 your sources that you have read and understood all the recent
1570 messages there. If in doubt, please track -stable which has
1571 much fewer pitfalls.
1573 [1] If you have third party modules, such as vmware, you
1574 should disable them at this point so they don't crash your
1577 [3] From the bootblocks, boot -s, and then do
1582 adjkerntz -i # if CMOS is wall time
1583 Also, when doing a major release upgrade, it is required that
1584 you boot into single user mode to do the installworld.
1586 [4] Note: This step is non-optional. Failure to do this step
1587 can result in a significant reduction in the functionality of the
1588 system. Attempting to do it by hand is not recommended and those
1589 that pursue this avenue should read this file carefully, as well
1590 as the archives of freebsd-current and freebsd-hackers mailing lists
1591 for potential gotchas. The -U option is also useful to consider.
1592 See mergemaster(8) for more information.
1594 [5] Usually this step is a noop. However, from time to time
1595 you may need to do this if you get unknown user in the following
1596 step. It never hurts to do it all the time. You may need to
1597 install a new mergemaster (cd src/usr.sbin/mergemaster && make
1598 install) after the buildworld before this step if you last updated
1599 from current before 20020224 or from -stable before 20020408.
1601 [6] This only deletes old files and directories. Old libraries
1602 can be deleted by "make delete-old-libs", but you have to make
1603 sure that no program is using those libraries anymore.
1605 [8] In order to have a kernel that can run the 4.x binaries needed to
1606 do an installworld, you must include the COMPAT_FREEBSD4 option in
1607 your kernel. Failure to do so may leave you with a system that is
1608 hard to boot to recover. A similar kernel option COMPAT_FREEBSD5 is
1609 required to run the 5.x binaries on more recent kernels. And so on
1610 for COMPAT_FREEBSD6 and COMPAT_FREEBSD7.
1612 Make sure that you merge any new devices from GENERIC since the
1613 last time you updated your kernel config file.
1615 [9] When checking out sources, you must include the -P flag to have
1616 cvs prune empty directories.
1618 If CPUTYPE is defined in your /etc/make.conf, make sure to use the
1619 "?=" instead of the "=" assignment operator, so that buildworld can
1620 override the CPUTYPE if it needs to.
1622 MAKEOBJDIRPREFIX must be defined in an environment variable, and
1623 not on the command line, or in /etc/make.conf. buildworld will
1624 warn if it is improperly defined.
1627 This file contains a list, in reverse chronological order, of major
1628 breakages in tracking -current. It is not guaranteed to be a complete
1629 list of such breakages, and only contains entries since October 10, 2007.
1630 If you need to see UPDATING entries from before that date, you will need
1631 to fetch an UPDATING file from an older FreeBSD release.
1633 Copyright information:
1635 Copyright 1998-2009 M. Warner Losh. All Rights Reserved.
1637 Redistribution, publication, translation and use, with or without
1638 modification, in full or in part, in any form or format of this
1639 document are permitted without further permission from the author.
1641 THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED BY WARNER LOSH ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR
1642 IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
1643 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
1644 DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL WARNER LOSH BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
1645 INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
1646 (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
1647 SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
1648 HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT,
1649 STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING
1650 IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
1651 POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
1653 Contact Warner Losh if you have any questions about your use of