release/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/relnotes/common/new.xml

   1 <!--
   2      The FreeBSD Russian Documentation Project
   3
   4      $FreeBSDru: frdp/release/doc/ru_RU.KOI8-R/relnotes/common/new.xml,v 1.29 2005/07/08 10:19:47 den Exp $
   5
   6      Original revision: 1.880
   7 -->
   8
   9 <articleinfo>
  10   <title>éÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ &os;/&arch; &release.current;</title>
  11
  12   <corpauthor>ðÒÏÅËÔ &os;</corpauthor>
  13
  14   <pubdate>$FreeBSD$</pubdate>
  15
  16   <copyright>
  17     <year>2000</year>
  18     <year>2001</year>
  19     <year>2002</year>
  20     <year>2003</year>
  21     <year>2004</year>
  22     <year>2005</year>
  23     <holder role="mailto:doc@FreeBSD.org">ðÒÏÅËÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ &os;</holder>
  24   </copyright>
  25
  26   <legalnotice id="trademarks" role="trademarks">
  27     &tm-attrib.freebsd;
  28     &tm-attrib.ibm;
  29     &tm-attrib.ieee;
  30     &tm-attrib.intel;
  31     &tm-attrib.sparc;
  32     &tm-attrib.general;
  33   </legalnotice>
  34
  35   <abstract>
  36     <para>úÁÍÅÔËÉ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ ÄÌÑ &os; &release.current; ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÔ ÏÂÝÕÀ
  37       ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ ÐÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑÍ ÂÁÚÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ &os; × ×ÅÔ×É ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÉ
  38       &release.branch;.
  39       üÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ, ×ÙÐÕÝÅÎÎÙÈ ÐÏÓÌÅ
  40       ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÅÇÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ, Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÚÎÁÞÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ, ×ÎÅÓÅÎÎÙÈ
  41       × ÑÄÒÏ É ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÉÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ &os;.  ðÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÔÁËÖÅ
  42       ËÒÁÔËÉÅ ÚÁÍÅÔËÉ ÐÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ.</para>
  43   </abstract>
  44 </articleinfo>
  45
  46 <sect1 id="intro">
  47   <title>÷×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ</title>
  48
  49   <para>üÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ &os;
  50     &release.current; ÄÌÑ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÊ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÙ &arch.print;.
  51     ÷ ÎÅÍ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ ÎÅÄÁ×ÎÏ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÎÙÅ, ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÎÙÅ, ÉÌÉ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÙÅ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ
  52     &os;.  ïÎ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÚÁÍÅÔËÉ ÐÏ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ
  53     Ó ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÅÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ &os;.</para>
  54
  55 <![ %release.type.current [
  56
  57   <para>äÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× (&release.type;), ÄÌÑ ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÜÔÁ
  58     ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ, ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÓÏÂÏÊ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÀÀ ÔÏÞËÕ ÎÁ ×ÅÔ×É ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÉ
  59     Ó ÍÏÍÅÎÔÁ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ &release.branch;.  éÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï ÓÏÂÒÁÎÎÙÈ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÁÈ
  60     (&release.type;) ÉÚ ÜÔÏÊ ×ÅÔ×É ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ <ulink
  61     url="&release.url;"></ulink>.</para>
  62
  63 ]]>
  64
  65 <![ %release.type.snapshot [
  66
  67   <para>äÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× (&release.type;), ÄÌÑ ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÜÔÁ
  68     ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ, ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÓÏÂÏÊ ÔÏÞËÕ ÎÁ ×ÅÔ×É ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÉ ÍÅÖÄÕ
  69     &release.prev; É ÂÕÄÕÝÉÍ ÒÅÌÉÚÏÍ &release.next;.   éÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï
  70     ÓÏÂÒÁÎÎÙÈ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×ÁÈ (&release.type;) ÉÚ ÜÔÏÊ ×ÅÔ×É
  71     ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ <ulink url="&release.url;"></ulink>.</para>
  72
  73 ]]>
  74
  75 <![ %release.type.release [
  76
  77   <para>üÔÏÔ ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ× &os; &release.current; ÐÒÅÄÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÓÏÂÏÊ
  78     &release.type;.  åÇÏ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ <ulink
  79     url="&release.url;"></ulink> ÉÌÉ ÎÁ ÌÀÂÏÍ ÉÚ ÚÅÒËÁÌ.  äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ
  80     ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÐÏ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÀ ÜÔÏÇÏ (ÉÌÉ ÄÒÕÇÏÇÏ) &release.type;
  81     ÄÉÓÔÒÉÂÕÔÉ×Á &os; ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÊÄÅÎÁ ×
  82     <ulink
  83     url="&url.books.handbook;/mirrors.html"
  84 >ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÉ
  85     <quote>ðÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÅ &os;</quote></ulink> <ulink
  86     url="&url.books.handbook;/">òÕËÏ×ÏÄÓÔ×Á
  87     &os;</ulink>.</para>
  88
  89 ]]>
  90
  91   <para>÷ÓÅÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÕÅÔÓÑ ÏÚÎÁËÏÍÉÔØÓÑ Ó ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑÍÉ Ï
  92     ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÈ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ &os;.  ÷ ÜÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ×ÎÏÓÑÔÓÑ
  93     ÓÁÍÁÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÑÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ, ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÎÁÑ × ÐÏÚÖÅ × ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÅ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ
  94     ÉÌÉ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ.  ïÂÙÞÎÏ × ÎÅÍ ÎÁÈÏÄÑÔÓÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÙÈ
  95     ÏÛÉÂËÁÈ, ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑÈ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ É ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÉ.
  96     áËÔÕÁÌØÎÕÀ ËÏÐÉÀ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ Ï ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÈ ÄÌÑ &os;
  97     &release.current; ÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÊÔÉ ÎÁ ×ÅÂ ÓÁÊÔÅ &os;.</para>
  98
  99 </sect1>
 100
 101 <sect1 id="new">
 102   <title>þÔÏ ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ</title>
 103
 104   <para>÷ ÜÔÏÍ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÙ
 105     ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÅ ×ÉÄÉÍÙÅ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÎÙÅ ÉÌÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÎÙÅ Ó
 106     &release.prev; ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ &os;.  ëÁË ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ, ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ, ÏÐÉÓÁÎÎÙÅ
 107     ÚÄÅÓØ, ÕÎÉËÁÌØÎÙ ÄÌÑ &release.branch;, ÅÓÌÉ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÏÎÉ ÎÅ ÐÏÍÅÞÅÎÙ
 108     ËÁË &merged;.</para>
 109
 110   <para>ïÂÙÞÎÏ × ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ Ï ÒÅÌÉÚÅ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ
 111     ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ, ×ÙÐÕÝÅÎÎÙÅ ÐÏÓÌÅ
 112     &release.prev;, ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÅ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ× ÉÌÉ
 113     ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ, ÎÏ×ÙÈ ËÏÍÁÎÄ ÉÌÉ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ×, ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÈ
 114     ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑÈ ÏÛÉÂÏË, ÉÌÉ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑÈ ÓÔÏÒÏÎÎÅÇÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÇÏ
 115     ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÑ.  ÷ ÎÅÍ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÑÔØÓÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ×ÁÖÎÅÊÛÉÈ
 116     ÐÏÒÔÏ×/ÐÁËÅÔÏ× ÉÌÉ ÐÒÁËÔÉËÉ ×ÙÐÕÓËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ×.  ëÏÎÅÞÎÏ, × ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï
 117     ÒÅÌÉÚÅ ÎÅ ×ÎÏÓÑÔÓÑ ÄÁÎÎÙÅ Ï ËÁÖÄÏÍ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÏÍ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÉ, ÓÄÅÌÁÎÎÏÍ ×
 118     &os; ÍÅÖÄÕ ÒÅÌÉÚÁÍÉ; ÜÔÏÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔ ÆÏËÕÓÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÍ ÎÁ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑÈ
 119     ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ, ×ÉÄÉÍÙÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑÈ, É ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÙÈ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÎÙÈ
 120     ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÉÑÈ.</para>
 121
 122   <sect2 id="security">
 123     <title>óÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ</title>
 124
 125     <para>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × ÕÔÉÌÉÔÅ &man.fetch.1;, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑ×ÛÁÑ
 126       ÚÌÏÎÁÍÅÒÅÎÎÏÍÕ HTTP ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ ÐÅÒÅÚÁÐÉÓØ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÈ ÕÞÁÓÔËÏ× ÐÁÍÑÔÉ
 127       ËÌÉÅÎÔÁ.  úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 128       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:16.fetch.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:16.fetch</ulink>.
 129       &merged;</para>
 130
 131     <para>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × &man.procfs.5; É &man.linprocfs.5;,
 132       ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑ×ÛÁÑ ÚÌÏÎÁÍÅÒÅÎÎÏÍÕ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÍÕ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ÞÉÔÁÔØ ÞÁÓÔÉ
 133       ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÑÄÒÁ ÉÌÉ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÕÀ DoS ÁÔÁËÕ ÐÕÔÅÍ ×ÙÚÏ×Á ÐÁÎÉËÉ
 134       ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ.  úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 135       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-04:17.procfs.asc">FreeBSD-SA-04:17.procfs</ulink>.
 136       &merged;</para>
 137
 138     <para>÷ ËÌÉÅÎÔÅ TELNET ÂÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ Ä×Å ÏÛÉÂËÉ ÐÅÒÅÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ ÂÕÆÅÒÁ.
 139       ïÎÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔØ ÚÌÏÎÁÍÅÒÅÎÎÏÍÕ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÕ TELNET ÉÌÉ ÁËÔÉ×ÎÏÍÕ
 140       ÁÔÁËÕÀÝÅÍÕ × ÓÅÔÉ ÍÅÖÄÕ ËÌÉÅÎÔÏÍ É ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÏÍ ÚÁÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ
 141       &man.telnet.1; ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉÔØ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÊ ËÏÄ Ó ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÑÍÉ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ,
 142       ÚÁÐÕÓÔÉ×ÛÅÇÏ ËÌÉÅÎÔ.
 143       úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 144       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:01.telnet.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:01.telnet</ulink>.
 145       &merged;</para>
 146
 147     <para>÷ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÍ ×ÙÚÏ×Å &man.sendfile.2; ÂÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ,
 148       Ó×ÑÚÁÎÎÁÑ Ó ÒÁÓËÒÙÔÉÅÍ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÍÏÇÌÁ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔØ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÕ
 149       ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÈ ÞÁÓÔÅÊ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÑÄÒÁ.
 150       úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 151       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:02.sendfile.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:02.sendfile</ulink>.
 152       &merged;</para>
 153
 154     <para arch="amd64">âÙÌÏ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÏ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÅ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÊ × &os;/amd64.
 155       ïÛÉÂËÁ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÌÁ ÎÅÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÐÏÌÕÞÁÔØ ÐÒÑÍÏÊ
 156       ÄÏÓÔÕÐ Ë ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÏÍÕ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÀ, ÄÏÓÔÕÐ Ë ËÏÔÏÒÏÍÕ ÎÅ ÍÏÇ ÂÙÔØ
 157       ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎ ÂÅÚ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÇÏ ÕÒÏ×ÎÑ ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÊ.
 158       úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 159       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:03.amd64.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:03.amd64</ulink>.
 160       &merged;</para>
 161
 162     <para>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × <literal>SIOCGIFCONF</literal> &man.ioctl.2;,
 163       ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉ×ÛÁÑ Ë ÕÔÅÞËÅ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ, ÉÚ-ÚÁ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÐÏÄ×ÅÒÇÁÌÉÓØ ÕÔÅÞËÅ 12
 164       ÂÁÊÔ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÑÄÒÁ.
 165       úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 166       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:04.ifconf.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:04.ifconf</ulink>.
 167       &merged;</para>
 168
 169     <para>âÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÙÈ ÏÛÉÂÏË × &man.cvs.1;,
 170       ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÐÏÔÅÎÃÉÁÌØÎÏ ÍÏÇÌÉ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔØ Ë ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÀ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÏÇÏ
 171       ËÏÄÁ ÎÁ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁÈ CVS.  äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ×
 172       ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 173       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:05.cvs.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:05.cvs</ulink>.
 174       &merged;</para>
 175
 176     <para>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÐÒÁ× ÎÁ ÆÁÊÌ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á <filename
 177         class="devicefile">/dev/iir</filename>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÌÁ
 178       ÎÅÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÙÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÌÑÔØ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ
 179       ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÀ, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÏÍÕ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏÍ &man.iir.4;.
 180       úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 181       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:06.iir.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:06.iir</ulink>.
 182       &merged;</para>
 183
 184    <para>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÅ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÏ× ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÏÇÏ ×ÙÚÏ×Á
 185      &man.i386.get.ldt.2;, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÌÁ ÒÁÓËÒÙÔÉÅ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ × ÐÁÍÑÔÉ
 186      ÑÄÒÁ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÉÍ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁÍ.  úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ
 187      Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 188      <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:07.ldt.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:07.ldt</ulink>.
 189      &merged;</para>
 190
 191     <para>âÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÏÛÉÂÏË, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑ×ÛÉÈ ÒÁÓËÒÙÔÉÅ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ
 192       × ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÏÂÌÁÓÔÑÈ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÑÄÒÁ.  úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ
 193       Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 194       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:08.kmem.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:08.kmem</ulink>.
 195       &merged;</para>
 196
 197     <para arch="i386,amd64">÷ÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÅ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ × ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÁÈ Ó
 198       Hyper-Threading Technology (HTT) ÕÑÚ×ÉÍÏÓÔÉ, ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÑÝÅÊ Ë ÒÁÓËÒÙÔÉÀ
 199       ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ, ÂÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ sysctl
 200       <varname>machdep.hyperthreading_allowed</varname>.
 201       ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÏÎÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ × <literal>1</literal> (HTT ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ)
 202       × &os; CURRENT, É × <literal>0</literal> (HTT ×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎÁ) ×
 203       × ×ÅÔ×ÑÈ ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔËÉ 4-STABLE É 5-STABLE É × ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÈ
 204       ×ÅÔ×ÑÈ Ó ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑÍÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ.  äÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ
 205       ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 206       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:09.htt.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:09.htt</ulink>.
 207       &merged;</para>
 208
 209     <para>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × ÕÔÉÌÉÔÅ &man.tcpdump.1;, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑ×ÛÁÑ
 210       ÚÌÏÎÁÍÅÒÅÎÎÏÍÕ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏÍÕ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ DoS ÁÔÁËÉ
 211       ÐÕÔÅÍ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÓÆÏÒÍÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×.
 212       úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 213       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:10.tcpdump.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:10.tcpdump</ulink>.
 214       &merged;</para>
 215
 216     <para>âÙÌÏ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÏ Ä×Å ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ × ÕÔÉÌÉÔÅ &man.gzip.1;.
 217       ÷ÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÅ ÜÔÉÈ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÙÊ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØ ÍÏÇ ÉÚÍÅÎÉÔØ ÐÒÁ×Á
 218       ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ× É ÐÅÒÅÚÁÐÉÓÁÔØ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÌØÎÙÅ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ
 219       ÐÒÉ ÒÁÓÐÁËÏ×ËÅ ÆÁÊÌÁ.
 220       úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 221       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:11.gzip.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:11.gzip</ulink>.
 222       &merged;</para>
 223
 224     <para>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × <application>BIND 9</application> DNSSEC.
 225       åÓÌÉ DNSSEC ×ËÌÀÞÅÎ, ÜÔÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔØ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÎÏ ×ÙÚ×ÁÔØ
 226       ÚÁ×ÅÒÛÅÎÉÅ ÒÁÂÏÔÙ &man.named.8; ÐÕÔÅÍ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ËÉ ÅÍÕ ÓÐÅÃÉÁÌØÎÏ
 227       ÓÆÏÒÍÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×.
 228       úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 229       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:12.bind9.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:12.bind9</ulink>.
 230       &merged;</para>
 231
 232     <para>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × &man.ipfw.4;, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÍÏÇÌÁ
 233       ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔØ Ë ÎÅÐÒÁ×ÉÌØÎÏÍÕ ÓÏÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÉÀ ÐÁËÅÔÁ Ó lookup table.
 234       üÔÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ ÐÒÏÑ×ÌÑÌÁÓØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÁ SMP ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁÈ, ÉÌÉ ÎÁ
 235       ÏÄÎÏÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÎÙÈ ËÏÍÐØÀÔÅÒÁÈ Ó ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÎÙÍ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏÍ ÑÄÒÁ
 236       <literal>PREEMPTION</literal>.  âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ
 237       ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 238       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:13.ipfw.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:13.ipfw</ulink>.
 239       &merged;</para>
 240
 241     <para>÷ &man.bzip2.1; ÂÙÌÉ ÒÅÛÅÎÙ Ä×Å ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ, Ó×ÑÚÁÎÎÙÅ Ó
 242       ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔØÀ.  ïÎÉ ×ËÌÀÞÁÌÉ ÐÏÔÅÎÃÉÁÌØÎÕÀ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ DoS
 243       É ÎÅÁ×ÔÏÒÉÚÏ×ÁÎÎÏÅ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÁ× ÎÁ ÆÁÊÌÙ.
 244       úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÀ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 245       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:14.bzip2.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:14.bzip2</ulink>.
 246       &merged;</para>
 247
 248     <para>âÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ Ä×Å ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ × TCP ÓÔÅËÅ &os;.  ïÎÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ
 249       ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÔØ ÁÔÁËÕÀÝÅÍÕ ÚÁÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÔØ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ TCP ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ,
 250       ÞÔÏ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔ Ë ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÀ DoS.  âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ
 251       ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ
 252       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/CERT/advisories/FreeBSD-SA-05:15.tcp.asc">FreeBSD-SA-05:15.tcp</ulink>.
 253       &merged;</para>
 254
 255   </sect2>
 256
 257   <sect2 id="kernel">
 258     <title>éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÑÄÒÅ</title>
 259
 260     <para arch="i386">ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÏ× 80386 (ÏÐÃÉÑ ÑÄÒÁ
 261       <literal>I386_CPU</literal>) ÂÙÌÁ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÁ.  ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ,
 262       ÚÁÐÕÓËÁÀÝÉÍ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ ÎÁ ÜÔÏÍ ËÌÁÓÓÅ CPU, ÐÒÅÄÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
 263       &os; 5.<replaceable>X</replaceable> ÉÌÉ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÒÁÎÎÀÀ.</para>
 264
 265     <para>ïÔÌÁÄÞÉË ÑÄÒÁ &man.ddb.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ËÏÍÁÎÄÕ
 266       <command>show alllocks</command>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏ× É
 267       ÐÏÔÏËÏ×, ÕÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÈ × ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ sleep ÍØÀÔÅËÓÙ (É spin ÍØÀÔÅËÓÙ
 268       ÄÌÑ ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ ÐÏÔÏËÁ).  &merged;</para>
 269
 270     <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.ichsmb.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÅÎ × ×ÉÄÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÍÏÇÏ ÍÏÄÕÌÑ
 271       ÑÄÒÁ.</para>
 272
 273     <para>&man.jail.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÎÏ×ÕÀ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ sysctl
 274       <varname>security.jail.chflags_allowed</varname>, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÉÒÕÅÔ
 275       ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ &man.chflags.1; ×ÎÕÔÒÉ jail.
 276       åÓÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ × <literal>0</literal> (ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ ÐÏ
 277       ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ), ×ÎÕÔÒÉ jail <username>root</username> ÓÞÉÔÁÅÔÓÑ
 278       ÎÅÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÍ; ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ ×
 279       <literal>1</literal>, ÒÁÚÌÉÞÉÊ ÍÅÖÄÕ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÍ
 280       <username>root</username> ×ÎÕÔÒÉ jail É ×ÎÅ jail ÎÅ ÄÅÌÁÅÔÓÑ.
 281       &merged;</para>
 282
 283     <para>ðÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ sysctl
 284       <varname>security.jail.getfsstatroot_only</varname> ÂÙÌÁ ÐÅÒÅÉÍÅÎÏ×ÁÎÁ
 285       × <varname>security.jail.enforce_statfs</varname> É ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
 286       ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÐÏÌÉÔÉËÉ:</para>
 287
 288     <informaltable frame="none">
 289       <tgroup cols="2">
 290         <colspec colwidth="1*">
 291         <colspec colwidth="3*">
 292         <thead>
 293           <row>
 294             <entry>úÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ</entry>
 295             <entry>ðÏÌÉÔÉËÁ</entry>
 296           </row>
 297         </thead>
 298
 299         <tbody>
 300           <row>
 301             <entry>0</entry>
 302             <entry>ðÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ×ÓÅ ÔÏÞËÉ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÂÅÚ ËÁËÉÈ-ÌÉÂÏ
 303               ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÊ.</entry>
 304           </row>
 305
 306           <row>
 307             <entry>1</entry>
 308             <entry>ðÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÔÏÞËÉ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ×ÎÕÔÒÉ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ jail
 309               É ÔÏÌØËÏ ÞÁÓÔØ ÐÕÔÉ Ë ÔÏÞËÅ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÅÓÌÉ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ jail
 310               <filename>/jails/foo</filename> É ÔÏÞËÁ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
 311               <filename>/jails/foo/usr/home</filename>, ÂÕÄÅÔ ÐÏËÁÚÁÎÏ ÔÏÌØËÏ
 312               <filename>/usr/home</filename>).</entry>
 313           </row>
 314
 315           <row>
 316             <entry>2</entry>
 317             <entry>ðÏËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÔÏÞËÕ ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ, ÐÏÄ ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ
 318               ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ jail.</entry>
 319           </row>
 320         </tbody>
 321       </tgroup>
 322     </informaltable>
 323
 324     <para arch="alpha,amd64,i386,sparc64">ðÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ
 325       <varname>debug.mpsafevm</varname> ÂÙÌÁ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÐÏ
 326       ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ.  &merged;</para>
 327
 328     <para>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ &man.memguard.9;, ×ÙÄÅÌÉÔÅÌØ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÑÄÒÁ,
 329       ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÁÎÎÙÊ × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÐÏÍÏÝÉ ÄÌÑ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ ÓÃÅÎÁÒÉÅ×
 330       <quote>tamper-after-free</quote>.  ïÎ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ ÂÙÔØ Ñ×ÎÏ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ
 331       ÞÅÒÅÚ <literal>options DEBUG_MEMGUARD</literal>, Ó ÎÅÂÏÌØÛÉÍÉ
 332       ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑÍÉ ÑÄÒÁ.  ïÎ ËÁË × ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÍ ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎ ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
 333       ÒÁÚÒÁÂÏÔÞÉËÁÍÉ ÑÄÒÁ.</para>
 334
 335     <para><varname>struct ifnet</varname> É API ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÏ× ÂÙÌÉ
 336       ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÙ.  ÷ÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÅ ÎÅÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ ABI, ×ÓÅ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÙ, ÎÅ ×ÈÏÄÑÝÉÅ
 337       × ÂÁÚÏ×ÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ &os;, ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ É ÐÅÒÅËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ
 338       ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÎÏ×ÏÇÏ API.</para>
 339
 340     <para>íÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï ÏÛÉÂÏË ÂÙÌÏ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÏ × ÐÌÁÎÉÒÏ×ÝÉËÅ ULE.
 341       &merged;</para>
 342
 343     <para>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ fine-grained ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÁ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔØ ÂÏÌØÛÅÊ
 344       ÞÁÓÔÉ ÓÔÅËÁ VFS ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ ÂÅÚ Giant ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÉ.  ïÎÁ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÐÏ
 345       ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÎÁ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÁÈ alpha, amd64 É i386, É ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ
 346       ×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ (É ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ
 347       sysctl) <varname>debug.mpsafevfs</varname> ×
 348       <literal>0</literal>.</para>
 349
 350     <para arch="i386">âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÅ Inter-Processor
 351       Interrupt (IPI), ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÍÏÇÌÁ ×ÙÚ×ÁÔØ ËÒÁÈ SMP ÓÉÓÔÅÍ ÐÏÄ ×ÙÓÏËÏÊ
 352       ÎÁÇÒÕÚËÏÊ.  âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÏÐÕÂÌÉËÏ×ÁÎÁ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ Ï
 353       ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÅ
 354       <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ERRATA/notices/FreeBSD-EN-05:03.ipi.asc">FreeBSD-EN-05:03.ipi</ulink>.
 355       &merged;</para>
 356
 357     <para>ïÂßÅËÔÙ System V IPC (ÏÞÅÒÅÄÉ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ, ÓÅÍÁÆÏÒÙ, É ÒÁÚÄÅÌÑÅÍÁÑ
 358       ÐÁÍÑÔØ) ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÐÏÌÉÔÉËÉ ÐÒÉÎÕÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÇÏ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ
 359       (MAC) &man.mac.biba.4;, &man.mac.mls.4;, &man.mac.stub.4;, É
 360       &man.mac.test.4;.</para>
 361
 362     <para arch="i386">÷ÙÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÄÌÑ ÓÔÁÒÙÈ PCI ÍÏÓÔÏ× ÂÙÌÏ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÏ
 363       ÄÏ 32MB RAM.  íÎÏÇÉÅ ÓÔÁÒÙÅ ÍÏÓÔÙ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÔ ×ÙÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÔÏÌØËÏ
 364       ÉÚ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÄÉÁÐÁÚÏÎÁ.  éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÉÍÅÎÑÅÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ Ë ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×ÁÍ,
 365       ÐÁÍÑÔØ ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÎÅ ×ÙÄÅÌÅÎÁ BIOS.  üÔÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÏÛÉÂËÕ
 366       <quote>bad Vcc</quote> ÍÏÓÔÏ× CardBus (&man.pccbb.4;). &merged;</para>
 367
 368     <para>&man.sysctl.3; MIB, ÎÁÞÉÎÁÀÝÉÅÓÑ Ó <quote>debug</quote>, ÔÅÐÅÒØ
 369       ÔÒÅÂÕÀÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÑÄÒÁ <literal>options SYSCTL_DEBUG</literal>.
 370       üÔÏÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ.</para>
 371
 372     <para>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÏÂÝÉÊ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁ &man.tty.4; É ÍÎÏÇÉÅ
 373       ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ
 374       &man.cx.4; (<literal>{tty,cua}x</literal>),
 375       &man.cy.4; (<literal>{tty,cua}c</literal>),
 376       &man.digi.4; (<literal>{tty,cua}D</literal>),
 377       &man.rc.4; (<literal>{tty,cua}m</literal>),
 378       &man.rp.4; (<literal>{tty,cua}R</literal>),
 379       &man.sab.4; (<literal>{tty,cua}z</literal>),
 380       &man.si.4; (<literal>{tty,cua}A</literal>),
 381       &man.sio.4; (<literal>{tty,cua}d</literal>),
 382       sx (<literal>{tty,cua}G</literal>),
 383       &man.uart.4; (<literal>{tty,cua}u</literal>),
 384       &man.ubser.4; (<literal>{tty,cua}y</literal>),
 385       &man.ucom.4; (<literal>{tty,cua}U</literal>) É
 386       &man.ucycom.4; (<literal>{tty,cua}y</literal>)
 387       ÂÙÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÁÎÙ ÄÌÑ ÅÇÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ.  ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ
 388       ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÆÁÊÌÙ <filename>/etc/remote</filename>
 389       É <filename>/etc/ttys</filename> ÔÁËÖÅ ÂÙÌÉ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÙ.</para>
 390
 391     <para>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.vkbd.4;.  üÔÏÔ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ
 392       ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÙÊ loopback ÍÅÈÁÎÉÚÍ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ
 393       ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÔØ ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÕÀ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÕ AT ÐÏÄÏÂÎÏ ÔÏÍÕ, ËÁË ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ
 394       &man.pty.4; ÄÅÌÁÅÔ ÜÔÏ ÄÌÑ ÔÅÒÍÉÎÁÌÏ×.</para>
 395
 396     <!-- Above this line, sort kernel changes by manpage/keyword-->
 397
 398     <para arch="i386,amd64">&os; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ×ÓÅÇÄÁ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÙÊ APIC
 399       ÔÁÊÍÅÒ ÄÁÖÅ ÎÁ ÏÄÎÏÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÎÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ.</para>
 400
 401     <para arch="i386,amd64,ia64">ðÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ <varname>HZ</varname>
 402       (ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÉÒÕÀÝÉÊ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ÔÁÊÍÅÒÙ ÑÄÒÁ) ÂÙÌ Õ×ÅÌÉÞÅÎ Ó
 403       <literal>100</literal> ÄÏ <literal>1000</literal>
 404       ÎÁ i386 É ia64.  ïÎ ÂÙÌ ÕÍÅÎØÛÅÎ Ó
 405       <literal>1024</literal> ÄÏ <literal>1000</literal> ÎÁ amd64
 406       ÄÌÑ ÕÍÅÎØÛÅÎÉÑ ÜÆÆÅËÔÏ× ÓÉÎÈÒÏÎÉÚÁÃÉÉ Ó ÄÒÕÇÉÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÍÉ
 407       ÞÁÓÁÍÉ.</para>
 408
 409     <para>íÁËÓÉÍÁÌØÎÁÑ ÄÌÉÎÁ ËÏÍÁÎÄ shell ÂÙÌÁ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÁ Ó 128 ÂÁÊÔ
 410       ÄÏ <varname>PAGE_SIZE</varname>.  ðÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ, ÜÔÏ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ
 411       ÉÌÉ 4KB (i386, pc98, amd64 É powerpc) ÉÌÉ 8KB (sparc64
 412       É ia64).  ÷ ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔÅ, ÍÏÄÕÌÉ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ
 413       ÐÅÒÅÓÏÂÒÁÔØ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÁÎÉÑ ÓÉÎÈÒÏÎÉÚÁÃÉÉ Ó
 414       ÑÄÒÏÍ.</para>
 415
 416     <para>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ
 417       <varname>vm.blacklist</varname>.  ÷ ÎÅÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÊ
 418       ÚÁÐÑÔÙÍÉ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÆÉÚÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÁÄÒÅÓÏ×.  óÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ, ÐÏÍÅÝÅÎÎÙÅ × ÜÔÏÔ
 419       ÓÐÉÓÏË, ÎÅ ÂÕÄÕÔ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ Ë ÓÐÉÓËÕ Ó×ÏÂÏÄÎÙÈ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃ, É
 420       ÂÕÄÕÔ ÐÒÏÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÏÊ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ &os;.  æÉÚÉÞÅÓËÉÅ
 421       ÁÄÒÅÓÁ ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÅÍÙÈ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÐÁÄÕÔ × ÂÕÆÅÒ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ.</para>
 422
 423     <sect3 id="boot">
 424       <title>éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÅ</title>
 425
 426       <para arch="i386">äÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ <filename>boot0</filename> ÄÌÑ
 427         ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ËÏÎÓÏÌÉ.  ïÎÁ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÚÁÐÉÓÁÎÁ ÎÁ ÄÉÓË Ó
 428         ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ &man.boot0cfg.8; É ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÅÍ
 429         <filename>/boot/boot0sio</filename> × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÁ
 430         Ë ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÕ <option>-b</option>.</para>
 431
 432       <para arch="i386"><filename>cdboot</filename> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÏÂÈÏÄÉÔ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÕ
 433         BIOS, ×ÓÔÒÅÞÁÀÝÕÀÓÑ ÎÁ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ ÐÒÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÅ Ó USB
 434         CDROM ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÏ×.</para>
 435
 436       <para>ëÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ <command>autoboot</command> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
 437         ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ prompt.</para>
 438
 439       <para>ëÏÍÁÎÄÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ <command>autoboot</command> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ×Ï×ÓÅ ÎÅ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÉÔ
 440         ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÀ ÐÒÅÒ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ, ÅÓÌÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ
 441         <varname>autoboot_delay</varname> ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ ×
 442         <literal>-1</literal>. &merged;</para>
 443
 444       <para>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÍÅÎÀ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÞÉËÁ ÄÌÑ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ
 445         <varname>hint.atkbd.0.flags=0x1</varname>.  üÔÏ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ
 446         ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÅ USB ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ ÅÓÌÉ ÎÅÔ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÎÏÊ ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ
 447         PS/2.</para>
 448
 449       <para>ìÏÇÏÔÉÐ ÂÙÌ ÕÂÒÁÎ ÉÚ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÏÇÏ ÍÅÎÀ.</para>
 450
 451       <!-- Above this line, order boot loader changes by keyword-->
 452
 453     </sect3>
 454
 455     <sect3 id="proc">
 456       <title>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÑ</title>
 457
 458       <para arch="i386,amd64">äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.acpi.4; ×ÙËÌÀÞÁÅÔ
 459         ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ACPI É PCI ÉÌÉ ÐÅÒÅ×ÏÄÉÔ ÉÈ × ÒÅÖÉÍ ÐÏÎÉÖÅÎÎÏÇÏ
 460         ÜÎÅÒÇÏÐÏÔÒÅÂÌÅÎÉÑ × ÒÅÖÉÍÅ suspend, É ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔ ÏÂÒÁÔÎÏ
 461         ÐÒÉ ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÉ.  üÔÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÚÁÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ÁÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ
 462         ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ sysctl <varname>debug.acpi.do_powerstate</varname>
 463         É <varname>hw.pci.do_powerstate</varname> × <literal>0</literal>.</para>
 464
 465       <para arch="i386,amd64">âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.acpi.ibm.4; ÄÌÑ
 466         ÌÜÐÔÏÐÏ× IBM.  ÷ ÎÅÇÏ ÂÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ
 467         ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÇÏÒÑÞÉÈ ËÌÁ×ÉÛ, ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÓÔÁÔÕÓÁ ×ÅÎÔÉÌÑÔÏÒÁ É
 468         ÄÁÔÞÉËÏ× ÔÅÍÐÅÒÁÔÕÒÙ.</para>
 469
 470       <para arch="i386,amd64">âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.acpi.fujitsu.4; ÄÌÑ
 471         ËÎÏÐÏË ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ &man.acpi.4; ÎÁ ÌÜÐÔÏÐÁÈ Fujitsu.</para>
 472
 473       <para arch="i386,amd64">âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ acpi_sony,
 474         ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ Sony Notebook Controller ÎÁ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÌÜÐÔÏÐÁÈ
 475         Sony.</para>
 476
 477       <para>The &man.atkbdc.4;, &man.atkbd.4;, and &man.psm.4;
 478         drivers have been rewritten in more bus-independent way,
 479         and now support EBus found on sparc64 platform.</para>
 480
 481       <para arch="sparc64">óÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÙ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× ÂÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ É
 482         ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ × ÑÄÒÅ <filename>GENERIC</filename>:
 483         &man.atkbdc.4;,
 484         &man.atkbd.4;,
 485         creator(4),
 486         machfb(4),
 487         &man.syscons.4;,
 488         &man.ohci.4;,
 489         &man.psm.4;,
 490         &man.ukbd.4;,
 491         &man.ums.4;,
 492         É &man.usb.4;.</para>
 493
 494       <para arch="sparc64">âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.auxio.4;; ÏÎ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
 495         ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ×ÓÐÏÍÏÇÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÆÕÎËÃÉÊ ××ÏÄÁ/×Ù×ÏÄÁ, ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÎÙÈ
 496         × ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ SBus/EBus &ultrasparc; ÍÏÄÅÌÑÈ. &merged;</para>
 497
 498       <para arch="sparc64">âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ clkbrd ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ
 499         ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á <literal>clock-board</literal>, ÞÁÓÔÏ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÉ×ÁÅÍÏÇÏ
 500         × ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁÈ Sun E<replaceable>xx</replaceable>00.</para>
 501
 502       <para>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ÄÌÑ ÇÉÂËÏÇÏ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ
 503         ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØÀ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÁ.  ïÎÁ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁÍ
 504         ÍÅÔÏÄÙ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÜÎÅÒÇÏÐÏÔÒÅÂÌÅÎÉÅÍ CPU ÐÕÔÅÍ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ
 505         ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏÒÁ.  âÏÌÅÅ ÄÅÔÁÌØÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ
 506         ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ &man.cpufreq.4;. &merged;
 507         ÷ ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÅÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔÓÑ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÙ ichss (Intel SpeedStep
 508         for ICH), acpi_perf (ACPI CPU performance states), É
 509         acpi_throttle (ACPI CPU throttling).  ðÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÅ Ä×Á ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁ
 510         ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÙ × ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.acpi.4;.  ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÅ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÙ
 511         ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÉÎÄÉ×ÉÄÕÁÌØÎÏ ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÙ ÐÕÔÅÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÉ ÈÉÎÔÏ×,
 512         ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË <varname>hint.<replaceable>ichss</replaceable>.0.disabled="1"</varname>.</para>
 513
 514       <para>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÇÏ ÍÏÎÉÔÏÒÉÎÇÁ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ,
 515         &man.hwpmc.4;.  üÔÏÔ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌÉÚÕÅÔ ÆÕÎËÃÉÉ ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÏÇÏ
 516         ÍÏÎÉÔÏÒÉÎÇÁ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ÓÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ CPU É ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ
 517         ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÜÔÉÈ ÆÕÎËÃÉÊ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÉÍÉ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁÍÉ.
 518         úÁ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÁÍ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ
 519         &man.hwpmc.4;, ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅË É ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ.</para>
 520
 521       <para arch="i386">ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÐÏÄÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ OLDCARD ÂÙÌÁ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÁ.
 522         äÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ×ÓÅÈ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× PCCARD × ÎÁÓÔÏÑÝÅÅ ×ÒÅÍÑ
 523         ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ NEWCARD.</para>
 524
 525       <para>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ pcii ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ËÁÒÔ GPIB-PCIIA
 526         IEEE-488. &merged;</para>
 527
 528       <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.atkbd.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ
 529         <literal>0x8</literal> (bit 3) ÄÌÑ ÏÔÍÅÎÙ ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÐÏÒÔÁ
 530         ËÌÁ×ÉÁÔÕÒÙ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ
 531         ÏÎÏ ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÌÏ ÓÂÏÊ × ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ ÎÁ
 532         Compaq R3000Z series ÌÜÐÔÏÐÁÈ amd64.</para>
 533
 534       <para arch="i386">âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.pbio.4;, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ
 535         ÐÒÑÍÏÊ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ Ë Intel 8255A programmable peripheral interface (PPI)
 536         × ÒÅÖÉÍÅ 0 (ÐÒÏÓÔÏÊ ××ÏÄ/×Ù×ÏÄ).</para>
 537
 538       <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.psm.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÌÕÞÛÅ ÐÏÄÈÏÄÉÔ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÅÊ
 539         Synaptics Touchpad.  ôÅÐÅÒØ ÏÎ ÌÕÞÛÅ ÏÔÓÌÅÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÎÉÚËÏÓËÏÒÏÓÔÎÙÅ
 540         ÐÅÒÅÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ É ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÅ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÅ ËÎÏÐËÉ.<!--dials?-->
 541         üÔÉ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÎÁÓÔÒÏÅÎÙ Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ ÉÅÒÁÒÈÉÉ sysctl
 542         <varname>hw.psm.synaptics.<replaceable>*</replaceable></varname>.</para>
 543
 544       <para arch="sparc64">âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ rtc ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ
 545         MC146818-ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÙÈ ÞÁÓÏ×, ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÎÙÈ ÎÁ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÍÏÄÅÌÑÈ
 546         &ultrasparc; II É III. &merged;</para>
 547
 548       <para arch="i386">äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.syscons.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÒÅÖÉÍÙ
 549         VESA (15, 16, 24 É 32 ÂÉÔ).  äÌÑ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÑ ÜÔÏÊ ÆÕÎËÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÏÓÔÉ,
 550         ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÄÏÂÁ×ÉÔØ Ä×Á ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ ÑÄÒÁ,
 551         <literal>SC_PIXEL_MODE</literal> É <literal>VESA</literal>
 552         (ÉÌÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÉÔØ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÊ ÍÏÄÕÌØ ÑÄÒÁ).</para>
 553
 554       <para arch="sparc64">äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.uart.4; ÂÙÌ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎ × ÑÄÒÅ
 555         <filename>GENERIC</filename>, É ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÜÔÏ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ
 556         ÄÌÑ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ×.  äÒÁÊ×ÅÒÙ ofw_console É
 557         &man.sab.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎÙ × ÑÄÒÅ
 558         <filename>GENERIC</filename>. &merged;</para>
 559
 560       <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.uftdi.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÍÉËÒÏÓÈÅÍÕ FTDI
 561         FT2232C.</para>
 562
 563       <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.uplcom.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÏÂÒÁÂÏÔËÕ ÓÉÇÎÁÌÁ
 564         <literal>CTS</literal>.</para>
 565
 566       <para>âÙÌ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.ehci.4;.</para>
 567
 568       <para arch="sparc64">äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ zs ÂÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ, ×ÍÅÓÔÏ ÎÅÇÏ ÄÏÌÖÅÎ
 569         ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.uart.4;.</para>
 570
 571       <sect4 id="mm">
 572         <title>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÍÕÌØÔÉÍÅÄÉÁ</title>
 573
 574         <para arch="sparc64">âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.snd.audiocs.4; ÄÌÑ
 575           ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ Crystal Semiconductor CS4231 ÁÕÄÉÏ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÌÅÒÁ,
 576           ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÎÏÇÏ ÎÁ ÒÁÂÏÞÉÈ ÓÔÁÎÃÉÑÈ &ultrasparc;. &merged;</para>
 577
 578         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.uaudio.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÕÀ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÕÀ
 579           ÆÕÎËÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÏÓÔØ, ×ËÌÀÞÁÑ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØ ÕÒÏ×ÎÑ ÎÁ ÂÏÌØÛÅÍ ÞÉÓÌÅ ×ÈÏÄÏ×
 580           É ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ ÎÁ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×ÁÈ. &merged;</para>
 581
 582       </sect4>
 583
 584       <sect4 id="net-if">
 585         <title>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÏ×</title>
 586
 587         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.ath.4; ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ×ÙÄÅÌÉÔØ ÁÌÇÏÒÉÔÍ
 588           ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔÉ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ × ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ ÍÏÄÕÌØ.
 589           ðÒÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁ &man.ath.4; × ÆÁÊÌ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ
 590           ÑÄÒÁ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ×ËÌÀÞÉÔØ ÏÄÎÏ ÉÚ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×
 591           <literal>device ath_rate_onoe</literal>,
 592           <literal>device ath_rate_amrr</literal> ÉÌÉ
 593           <literal>device ath_rate_sample</literal>.</para>
 594
 595         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.bge.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÕ
 596           &man.altq.4;, Á ÔÁËÖÅ ÍÉËÒÏÓÈÅÍÙ BCM5714, 5721, 5750, 5751,
 597           5751M É 5789. &merged;</para>
 598
 599         <para>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ USB Communication Device Class Ethernet
 600           ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.cdce.4;. &merged;</para>
 601
 602         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.cp.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ MPSAFE. &merged;</para>
 603
 604         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.ctau.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ MPSAFE. &merged;</para>
 605
 606         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.cx.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ MPSAFE. &merged;</para>
 607
 608         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.dc.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÕ
 609           &man.altq.4;. &merged;</para>
 610
 611         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.ed.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÕ
 612           &man.altq.4;.  &merged;</para>
 613
 614         <para>÷ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÅ &man.em.4; ÂÙÌÁ ×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ
 615           ÁÐÐÁÒÁÔÎÁÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÔÅÇÏ× VLAN, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÜÔÁ ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ
 616           ËÏÎÆÌÉËÔÏ×ÁÌÁ Ó promiscuous ÒÅÖÉÍÏÍ. &merged;</para>
 617
 618         <para>ëÏÎÔÒÏÌØ ÐÏÔÏËÁ Ethernet ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ × ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÅ
 619           &man.fxp.4; ÄÌÑ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍ × ÐÏÄÓÅÔÉ ÐÒÉ ×ÏÚÎÉËÎÏ×ÅÎÉÉ
 620           ÐÁÎÉËÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÉÌÉ ÐÒÉ ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÎÏÍ ÏÔÌÁÄÞÉËÅ ÑÄÒÁ. &merged;</para>
 621
 622         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ gx(4) ÂÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÏÎ ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ
 623           ÄÏÓÔÁÔÏÞÎÏ ÁËÔÉ×ÎÏ, É ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.em.4; ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ×ÓÅ
 624           ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÏÅ ÉÍ ÏÂÏÒÕÄÏ×ÁÎÉÅ.</para>
 625
 626         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.hme.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ MPSAFE. &merged;</para>
 627
 628         <para>âÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÙ &man.ipw.4; (ÄÌÑ Intel PRO/Wireless 2100),
 629           &man.iwi.4; (ÄÌÑ Intel PRO/Wireless 2200BG/2225BG/2915ABG),
 630           &man.ral.4; (ÄÌÑ Ralink Technology RT2500),
 631           É &man.ural.4; (ÄÌÑ Ralink Technology RT2500USB).</para>
 632
 633         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.ixgb.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ MPSAFE. &merged;</para>
 634
 635         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ musycc ÄÌÑ ÓÅÔÅ×ÏÊ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÎÏÊ ËÁÒÔÙ LanMedia
 636           LMC1504 T1/E1 ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌÓÑ É ÂÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ.</para>
 637
 638         <para arch="i386,amd64">äÒÁÊ×ÅÒÙ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÝÉÅ ËÏÎ×ÅÒÔÅÒ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ×
 639           ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× &man.ndis.4;, ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÓÏÚÄÁÀÔÓÑ É ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÀÔÓÑ ÐÏ-ÄÒÕÇÏÍÕ.
 640           äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.ndis.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÐÒÅÄ×ÁÒÉÔÅÌØÎÏ ÓÏÂÒÁÎ ËÁË
 641           ÍÏÄÕÌØ ÉÌÉ ÓÔÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉ ËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎ × ÑÄÒÏ.  ïÔÄÅÌØÎÙÅ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÙ
 642           ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÓÏÂÒÁÎÙ Ó ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ &man.ndisgen.8;;
 643           ÐÏÌÕÞÉ×ÛÉÅÓÑ ÍÏÄÕÌÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÅÎÙ × ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÝÅÅ ÑÄÒÏ Ó
 644           ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ &man.kldload.8;. &merged;</para>
 645
 646         <para arch="amd64">ëÏÎ×ÅÒÔÅÒ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ× ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× &man.ndis.4;
 647           ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ &windows;/x86-64 ÎÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ
 648           amd64. &merged;</para>
 649
 650         <para arch="i386,amd64">âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.nve.4;, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ
 651           nVidia nForce MCP Networking Adapter.</para>
 652
 653         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.re.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÕ
 654           &man.altq.4;.</para>
 655
 656         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.sf.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ device polling É
 657           &man.altq.4;. &merged;</para>
 658
 659         <para>âÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÙÈ ÏÛÉÂÏË × ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÅ
 660           &man.sk.4;.  üÔÉ ÏÛÉÂËÉ ÐÒÏÑ×ÌÑÌÉÓØ ÎÁ SMP ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ,
 661           É ÍÏÇÌÉ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔØ Ë ÐÁÎÉËÅ, ÏÛÉÂËÁÍ page fault, ÏÂÒÙ×Õ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ
 662           SSH ÉÌÉ ÏÛÉÂËÁÍ ÐÒÉ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÅ ÆÁÊÌÏ×.  âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ
 663           ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ Ï ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÅ
 664           <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ERRATA/notices/FreeBSD-EN-05:02.sk.asc">FreeBSD-EN-05:02.sk</ulink>.
 665           &merged;</para>
 666
 667         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.sk.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ &man.altq.4;.
 668           üÔÏÔ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ jumbo ÆÒÅÊÍÙ ÎÁ Yukon-based
 669           ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÁÈ. &merged;</para>
 670
 671         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.vge.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ device polling
 672           (&man.polling.4;).</para>
 673
 674         <para>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× 802.11 ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÏÊ &man.wlan.4;
 675           ÔÝÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÐÅÒÅÓÍÏÔÒÅÎÁ.  ÷ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ Ë ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÎÙÍ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑÍ,
 676           ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÁ ÐÏÌÎÁÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ 802.11g, WPA, 802.11i, 802.1x,
 677           WME/WMM, AP-side power-saving, É ÉÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ÐÌÁÇÉÎÏ× ÄÌÑ
 678           ËÒÉÐÔÏÇÒÁÆÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÍÏÄÕÌÅÊ, ÁÕÔÅÎÔÉÆÉËÁÔÏÒÏ× É ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÑ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÁ.
 679           ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÄÌÑ WEP, × ÞÁÓÔÎÏÓÔÉ, ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÁ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÁ
 680           (ÉÌÉ ËÏÍÐÉÌÑÃÉÑ) ÍÏÄÕÌÑ <filename>wlan_wep</filename>
 681           × ÑÄÒÏ.</para>
 682
 683         <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.xl.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
 684           &man.polling.4;. &merged;</para>
 685
 686       </sect4>
 687     </sect3>
 688
 689     <sect3 id="net-proto">
 690       <title>óÅÔÅ×ÙÅ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÙ</title>
 691
 692       <para>MTU feedback × IPv6 ×ÙËÌÀÞÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÉ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ËÅ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ,
 693         ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÆÒÁÇÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ.  &merged;</para>
 694
 695       <para>âÙÌ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎ Common Address Redundancy Protocol (CARP).
 696         CARP ÂÙÌ ×ÚÑÔ ÉÚ OpenBSD É ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÍ ÈÏÓÔÁÍ
 697         ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÄÉÎ IP ÁÄÒÅÓ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÉ×ÁÔØ
 698         ×ÙÓÏËÕÀ ÄÏÓÔÕÐÎÏÓÔØ É ÒÁÓÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ ÎÁÇÒÕÚËÉ.
 699         úÁ ÄÁÌØÎÅÊÛÅÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ
 700         &man.carp.4;.  &merged;</para>
 701
 702       <para>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÑ ÓÅÔÅ×ÏÇÏ ÍÏÓÔÁ &man.if.bridge.4;,
 703         ÐÅÒ×ÏÎÁÞÁÌØÎÏ ÐÏÑ×É×ÛÁÑÓÑ × NetBSD.  üÔÁ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
 704         IEEE 802.1D Spanning Tree Protocol, ÉÎÄÉ×ÉÄÕÁÌØÎÙÅ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÎÙÅ
 705         ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÄÌÑ ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÍÏÓÔÁ É ÆÉÌØÔÒÁÃÉÀ ÐÒÏÈÏÄÑÝÉÈ ÞÅÒÅÚ ÍÏÓÔ
 706         ÐÁËÅÔÏ×.  õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.ifconfig.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÀ
 707         &man.if.bridge.4;.</para>
 708
 709       <para>ðÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ &man.ipfw.4; <literal>IPDIVERT</literal> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
 710         ÄÏÓÔÕÐÅÎ × ×ÉÄÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÅÍÏÇÏ ÍÏÄÕÌÑ ÑÄÒÁ.  åÓÌÉ ÜÔÏÔ ÍÏÄÕÌØ
 711         ÎÅ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÅÎ, &man.ipfw.4; ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÁÔØ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁ
 712         <literal>divert</literal> É &man.natd.8; ÂÕÄÅÔ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÔØ
 713         ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÅ ÏÂ ÏÛÉÂËÅ <quote>protocol not supported</quote>.</para>
 714
 715       <para>óÉÓÔÅÍÁ &man.ipfw.4; ÍÏÖÅÔ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÔØ Ó
 716         <varname>debug.mpsafenet</varname>=<literal>1</literal>
 717         (ÜÔÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÒÁ×ÎÁ <literal>1</literal> ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ)
 718         ËÏÇÄÁ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌ <literal>gid</literal>,
 719         <literal>jail</literal>, É/ÉÌÉ <literal>uid</literal>.  &merged;</para>
 720
 721       <para>óÉÓÔÅÍÙ &man.ipfw.4; É &man.dummynet.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ
 722         IPv6.</para>
 723
 724       <para>&man.ipfw.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ËÌÁÓÓÉÆÉËÁÃÉÀ É ÔÅÇÉ
 725         ÐÁËÅÔÏ× &man.altq.4; ÞÅÒÅÚ divert ÓÏËÅÔ.  ÷ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÔÁËÖÅ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ
 726         ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁ, ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÅ TCP ÐÁËÅÔÁÍ Ó ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÙÍ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅÍ
 727         payload size.</para>
 728
 729       <para>ðÒÁ×ÉÌÏ &man.ipfw.8; <literal>ipfw fwd</literal> ÔÅÐÅÒØ
 730         ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÏÌÎÏÅ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅÍ ÐÁËÅÔÁ ÐÒÉ
 731         ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÁ ÑÄÒÁ
 732         <literal>options IPFIREWALL_FORWARD_EXTENDED</literal> × ÄÏÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ
 733         Ë ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÕ <literal>options IPFIRWALL_FORWARD</literal>.
 734         üÔÏÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ÑÄÒÁ ÕÓÔÒÁÎÑÅÔ ×ÓÅ ÏÇÒÁÎÉÞÅÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÎÙÈ
 735         ÐÁËÅÔÏ× É ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÐÅÒÅÎÁÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×, ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÎÙÈ ÄÌÑ
 736         ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏ ÓËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÇÏ IP ÁÄÒÅÓÁ.
 737         ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁ &man.ipfw.8; ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÓÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎÙ
 738         ÁËËÕÒÁÔÎÏ, ÞÔÏÂÙ, ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÎÅ ÎÁÒÕÛÉÔØ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÅ PMTU.
 739         &merged;</para>
 740
 741       <para>óÉÓÔÅÍÁ &man.ipfw.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁ ÔÏÌØËÏ IPv4.</para>
 742
 743       <para>&man.ipnat.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÑÔØ ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÁ
 744         ÐÅÒÅÎÁÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÄÌÑ ÎÅ-TCP/UDP ÐÁËÅÔÏ×.  &merged;</para>
 745
 746       <para>ðÒÏÄÏÌÖÁÅÔÓÑ ÒÁÂÏÔÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÅÎØÛÅÎÉÀ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
 747         Giant ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÉ ÓÔÅËÏÍ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÏ× É ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÉÀ
 748         ÓÔÒÁÔÅÇÉÉ ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÉ.</para>
 749
 750       <para>âÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ <filename>libalias</filename> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÓÏÂÒÁÎÁ
 751         ËÁË ÍÏÄÕÌØ ÑÄÒÁ.</para>
 752
 753       <para>õ×ÅÄÏÍÌÅÎÉÑ ÏÂ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÉ ÓÔÁÔÕÓÁ ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÏ× ÔÅÐÅÒØ
 754         ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ <filename>/dev/devctl</filename>.</para>
 755
 756       <para>îÏ×ÙÊ ÕÚÅÌ NetGraph &man.ng.ipfw.4; ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ
 757         ÐÒÏÓÔÏÊ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ ÍÅÖÄÕ &man.ipfw.4; É &man.netgraph.4;.</para>
 758
 759       <para>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÕÚÅÌ &man.ng.nat.4; NetGraph ÄÌÑ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ
 760         ÆÕÎËÃÉÊ NAT.</para>
 761
 762       <para>îÏ×ÙÊ ÕÚÅÌ NetGraph &man.ng.netflow.4; ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ
 763         ÍÁÒÛÒÕÔÉÚÁÔÏÒÕ, ÒÁÂÏÔÁÀÝÅÍÕ ÐÏÄ &os;, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ÜËÓÐÏÒÔ
 764         NetFlow ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 5. &merged;</para>
 765
 766       <para>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÎÏ×ÙÊ ÕÚÅÌ NetGraph &man.ng.tcpmss.4;.
 767         ïÎ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× MSS ÐÁËÅÔÏ× TCP.</para>
 768
 769       <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.sppp.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÕ Frame Relay
 770         &merged;</para>
 771
 772       <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.sppp.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ MPSAFE.</para>
 773
 774       <para>âÙÌÁ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÁ ÎÏ×ÁÑ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ sysctl
 775         <varname>net.link.tap.user_open</varname>.  ïÎÁ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ
 776         ÎÅÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÊ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ Ë ÆÁÊÌÁÍ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× &man.tap.4;
 777         ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×Å ÐÒÁ×, ÄÅÊÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ × ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ.</para>
 778
 779       <para>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ TCP, ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÉÎÏÇÄÁ ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÌÁ Ë
 780         ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÀ ÐÁËÅÔÏ× RST ÐÒÉ ÏËÎÅ ÐÒÉÅÍÁ × ÎÏÌØ ÂÁÊÔ.
 781         &merged;</para>
 782
 783       <para>ïÂÒÁÂÏÔËÁ <literal>RST</literal> × ÓÔÅËÅ
 784         TCP &os; ÂÙÌÁ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÁ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÍÁËÓÉÍÁÌØÎÏ ÕÓÌÏÖÎÉÔØ
 785         ÐÒÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ reset ÁÔÁË ÐÒÉ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÉ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔÉ Ó
 786         ÛÉÒÏÞÁÊÛÉÍ ÎÁÂÏÒÏÍ TCP ÓÔÅËÏ×.  áÌÇÏÒÉÔÍ ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÍ
 787         ÏÂÒÁÚÏÍ:  äÌÑ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ × ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÉ <literal>ESTABLISHED</literal>
 788         ÔÏÌØËÏ ÓÂÒÏÓ Ó ÎÏÍÅÒÁÍÉ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏÓÔÉ, ÔÏÞÎÏ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÍÉ
 789         <varname>last_ack_sent</varname> ×ÙÚÏ×ÕÔ ÓÂÒÏÓ: ×ÓÅ
 790         ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÓÅÇÍÅÎÔÙ ÂÕÄÕÔ ÏÔÂÒÏÛÅÎÙ.  äÌÑ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÊ ×
 791         ÌÀÂÙÈ ÄÒÕÇÉÈ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÑÈ, ÓÂÒÏÓ × ÌÀÂÏÍ ÍÅÓÔÅ ÏËÎÁ ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÔ
 792         Ë ÓÂÒÏÓÕ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ.  ÷ÓÅ ÄÒÕÇÉÅ ÓÅÇÍÅÎÔÙ ÂÕÄÕÔ ÏÔÂÒÏÛÅÎÙ.
 793         ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÜÔÏ ÎÁÒÕÛÁÅÔ ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉËÁÃÉÀ
 794         RFC 793: ×Ù ÍÏÖÅÔÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÏÂÙÞÎÏÅ (ÎÏ ÍÅÎÅÅ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÅ)
 795         ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ, ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×É× ÎÏ×ÕÀ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ sysctl
 796         <varname>net.inet.tcp.insecure_rst</varname> ×
 797         <literal>1</literal>.  &merged;</para>
 798
 799       <para>âÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÏÛÉÂÏË × ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ TCP
 800         SACK. &merged;</para>
 801
 802       <para>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ RFC 1644 T/TCP ÂÙÌÁ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÁ.  òÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÑ ÂÙÌÁ
 803         ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÁ ÎÁ ÎÅÐÏÌÎÏÃÅÎÎÏÊ ÍÏÄÅÌÉ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ, ÞÔÏ ÏÂÌÅÇÞÁÌÏ
 804         ÐÒÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ DoS ÁÔÁË.  üÔÏ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÅ ÂÙÌÏ ÐÒÉÚÎÁÎÏ
 805         ÄÅÆÅËÔÉ×ÎÙÍ × ÏÄÎÏÍ ÉÚ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÈ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÏ×
 806         Internet Draft.</para>
 807
 808       <para>òÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÑ KAME IPv4 IPsec, ÉÎÔÅÇÒÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÁÑ ×
 809         &os;, ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ TCP-MD5.  &merged;</para>
 810
 811       <para>áÌÇÏÒÉÔÍ <quote>Random ephemeral port number allocation</quote>
 812         ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÌ Ë ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÍ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁÍ Ó ÐÏ×ÔÏÒÎÙÍ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ
 813         ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÐÒÉ ×ÙÓÏËÏÊ ÞÁÓÔÏÔÅ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÊ.  ôÅÐÅÒØ
 814         × ÐÅÒÉÏÄÙ, ËÏÇÄÁ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÀÔÓÑ ÂÙÓÔÒÅÅ, ÞÅÍ
 815         <varname>net.inet.ip.portrange.randomcps</varname> × ÓÅËÕÎÄÕ,
 816         ÒÁÎÄÏÍÉÚÁÃÉÑ ÎÏÍÅÒÏ× ÐÏÒÔÏ× ÏÔËÌÀÞÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ
 817         <varname>net.inet.ip.portrange.randomtime</varname> ÓÅËÕÎÄ.
 818         úÎÁÞÅÎÉÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÜÔÉÈ Ä×ÕÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ sysctl ÒÁ×ÎÙ
 819         <literal>10</literal> É <literal>45</literal> ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ.
 820         &merged;</para>
 821
 822       <para>Fine-grained ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÁ ÂÙÌÁ ÐÒÉÍÅÎÅÎÁ ËÏ ÍÎÏÇÉÍ ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁÍ
 823         ÄÁÎÎÙÈ × ÓÔÅËÅ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÏ× IPX/SPX.  èÏÔÑ ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌ É ÎÅ ÐÏÌÎÏÓÔØÀ
 824         MPSAFE ÎÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÊ ÍÏÍÅÎÔ, ËÁË ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
 825         IPX/SPX ÂÅÚ Giant ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÉ (ÄÒÕÇÉÍÉ ÓÌÏ×ÁÍÉ, ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ
 826         sysctl <varname>debug.mpsafenet</varname> ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ
 827         × <literal>1</literal>).</para>
 828
 829       <para>óÏËÅÔÙ Unix ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÏÐÃÉÉ
 830         <literal>LOCAL_CREDS</literal> É
 831         <literal>LOCAL_CONNWAIT</literal>.
 832         ïÐÃÉÑ <literal>LOCAL_CREDS</literal> ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÐÏÌÕÞÁÔÅÌÀ
 833         ÍÅÈÁÎÉÚÍ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÉÄÅÎÔÉÆÉËÁÔÏÒÁ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ × ×ÉÄÅ
 834         ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÏÇÏ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ &man.recvmsg.2;.
 835         ïÐÃÉÑ <literal>LOCAL_CONNWAIT</literal> ×ÙÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÅ
 836         × ÆÕÎËÃÉÉ &man.connect.2; ÄÏ ÔÅÈ ÐÏÒ, ÐÏËÁ ÎÁ ÐÒÉÎÉÍÁÀÝÅÍ ÓÏËÅÔÅ
 837         ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ×ÙÚ×ÁÎÁ ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ &man.accept.2;.  âÏÌÅÅ ÄÅÔÁÌØÎÁÑ
 838         ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ &man.unix.4;.</para>
 839     </sect3>
 840
 841     <sect3 id="disks">
 842       <title>äÉÓËÉ É ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÈÒÁÎÅÎÉÑ</title>
 843
 844       <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.amr.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ
 845         ÎÁ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ Ó &man.pae.4;. &merged;</para>
 846
 847       <para arch="i386,ia64">âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.arcmsr.4;.
 848         ïÎ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÌÅÒÙ SATA RAID ÓÅÒÉÊ Areca ARC-11<replaceable>xx</replaceable>
 849         É ARC-12<replaceable>xx</replaceable>.  &merged;</para>
 850
 851       <para>óÅÍÅÊÓÔ×Ï ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ× &man.ata.4; ÂÙÌÏ ÐÅÒÅÓÍÏÔÒÅÎÏ É ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÏ.
 852         ïÎÏ ÂÙÌÏ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÏ ÎÁ ÍÏÄÕÌÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÂÙÔØ ÚÁÇÒÕÖÅÎÙ É ×ÙÇÒÕÖÅÎÙ
 853         ÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏ (ÍÏÄÕÌÉ <filename>atapci</filename> É
 854         <filename>ata</filename> ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÙ ÄÌÑ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÏ× ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×, ÔÁËÉÈ
 855         ËÁË <filename>atadisk</filename>,
 856         <filename>atapicd</filename>, <filename>atapifd</filename>,
 857         <filename>atapist</filename> É
 858         <filename>ataraid</filename>).  õÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á SATA ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÇÏÒÑÞÅÅ
 859         ÐÏÄËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ/ÏÔËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ ÎÁ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÈ ÜÔÕ ÆÕÎËÃÉÀ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÌÅÒÁÈ.
 860         ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ATA RAID ÂÙÌÁ ÐÅÒÅÐÉÓÁÎÁ É ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÍÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï
 861         ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÏ× ÍÅÔÁÄÁÎÎÙÈ.  äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ <filename>atapicd</filename>
 862         ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÎÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á ÓÍÅÎÙ CD.  ÷ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÎÏÅ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ
 863         ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÏ ËÁË <quote>ATA mkIII</quote>.</para>
 864
 865       <para>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ËÌÁÓÓ SHSEC GEOM.  ïÎ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÌÑ
 866         ÒÁÚÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÓÅËÒÅÔÎÏÇÏ ËÌÀÞÁ (<quote>secret</quote>)
 867         ÍÅÖÄÕ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÍÉ ÐÒÏ×ÁÊÄÅÒÁÍÉ GEOM.  ÷ÓÅ ÜÔÉ ÐÒÏ×ÁÊÄÅÒÙ
 868         ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÐÒÉÓÕÔÓÔ×Ï×ÁÔØ, ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ÓÅËÒÅÔÎÙÊ ËÌÀÞ.
 869         üÔÁ ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ ËÏÎÔÒÏÌÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ ÕÔÉÌÉÔÏÊ &man.gshsec.8;.
 870         &merged;</para>
 871
 872       <para>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.hptmv.4;, ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ
 873         HighPoint RocketRAID 182x series. &merged;</para>
 874
 875       <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.ips.4; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÄÁÍÐÙ ÑÄÒÁ ÎÁ
 876         ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÓÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÍÏÄÅÌÑÈ ServeRAID.  &merged;</para>
 877
 878       <para>âÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.matcd.4;. &merged;</para>
 879
 880       <para>ðÒÉ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÅ ÚÁÄÅÒÖËÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ ÄÌÑ SCSI × ÑÄÒÅ
 881         <filename>GENERIC</filename> ÂÙÌÁ ÕÍÅÎØÛÅÎÁ Ó ÐÑÔÎÁÄÃÁÔÉ
 882         ÓÅËÕÎÄ ÄÏ ÐÑÔÉ ÓÅËÕÎÄ.</para>
 883
 884       <para>óÔÁÒÁÑ ÐÏÄÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ vinum(4) ÂÙÌÁ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÁ × ÐÏÌØÚÕ ÎÏ×ÏÊ,
 885         ÏÓÎÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ÎÁ &man.geom.4; ×ÅÒÓÉÉ.</para>
 886
 887       <para>äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.twa.4; ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
 888         9.2 release (ÄÌÑ &os; 5.2.1), ÒÁÓÐÒÏÓÔÒÁÎÑÅÍÏÊ Ó ×ÅÂ ÓÁÊÔÁ
 889         3ware.</para>
 890
 891       <para arch="pc98">äÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.wd.4; ÂÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ.  âÙÌÏ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÏ,
 892         ÞÔÏ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ &man.ata.4; ÒÁÂÏÔÁÅÔ ÄÏÓÔÁÔÏÞÎÏ ÈÏÒÏÛÏ ÎÁ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÅ
 893         pc98 É ÎÅÔ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏÓÔÉ × ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÉ ÓÔÁÒÏÇÏ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁ
 894         &man.wd.4;.</para>
 895
 896       <para>éÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ×ÎÏ×Ø ÓÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ cd9660
 897         (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÎÁÌÉÞÉÉ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÊ RockRidge) ÔÅÐÅÒØ
 898         ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÅÓÌÉ ÑÄÒÏ ÂÙÌÏ ÓÏÂÒÁÎÏ × ÒÅÖÉÍÅ verbose.
 899         üÔÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ÂÙÌÏ ÓÄÅÌÁÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÕÍÅÎØÛÅÎÉÑ ËÏÌÉÞÅÓÔ×Á
 900         (ÚÁÞÁÓÔÕÀ ÎÅÎÕÖÎÙÈ) ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÉÒÕÅÍÙÈ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ÑÄÒÁ. &merged;</para>
 901
 902     </sect3>
 903
 904     <sect3 id="fs">
 905       <title>æÁÊÌÏ×ÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ</title>
 906
 907       <para>÷ÙÞÉÓÌÅÎÉÅ ÓÕÍÍÁÒÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÉ ÄÌÑ ÎÅ ÒÁÚÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ
 908         ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏ (<quote>dirty</quote>) ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ UFS É UFS2
 909         ÂÏÌØÛÅ ÎÅ ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÔÓÑ ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ, Á ÄÅÌÁÅÔÓÑ ÆÏÎÏ×ÙÍ
 910         &man.fsck.8;.  üÔÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ Õ×ÅÌÉÞÉ×ÁÅÔ ÓËÏÒÏÓÔØ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ ÐÒÉ
 911         ÍÏÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÉ ÂÏÌØÛÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ ÐÏÓÌÅ ÓÂÏÑ.  ðÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÅÅ
 912         ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÂÙÔØ ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÏÊ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ sysctl
 913         <varname>vfs.ffs.compute_summary_at_mount</varname>
 914         × ÎÅÎÕÌÅ×ÏÅ ÚÎÁÞÅÎÉÅ.  &merged;</para>
 915
 916       <para>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ NFS ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÁ, ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉ×ÛÁÑ Ë ÐÁÎÉËÅ ÑÄÒÁ.
 917         âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÉ Ï ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÅ
 918         <ulink url="ftp://ftp.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ERRATA/notices/FreeBSD-EN-05:01.nfs.asc">FreeBSD-EN-05:01.nfs</ulink>.
 919         &merged;</para>
 920
 921       <para arch="i386,pc98">âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ ReiserFS
 922         ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 3.  ïÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë &man.mount.reiserfs.8; ÚÁ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÊ
 923         ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ.</para>
 924     </sect3>
 925
 926     <sect3>
 927       <title>óÔÏÒÏÎÎÅÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ</title>
 928
 929       <para><application>ACPI-CA</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó
 930         20040527 ÄÏ 20041119. &merged;</para>
 931
 932     </sect3>
 933   </sect2>
 934
 935   <sect2 id="userland">
 936     <title>éÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ × ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÈ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ</title>
 937
 938     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.burncd.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÚÁÄÁÎÉÅ ËÏÍÁÎÄ,
 939       (ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË <command>eject</command>), ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÅÍÙÈ ÐÏÓÌÅ
 940       ×ÙÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ fixate.</para>
 941
 942     <para arch="amd64">âÙÌÉ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÙ ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÎÙÅ ÄÌÑ ÄÁÎÎÏÊ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒÙ
 943       ÏÐÔÉÍÉÚÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ &man.bcmp.3;, &man.bcopy.3;, &man.bzero.3;,
 944       &man.memcmp.3;, &man.memcpy.3;, &man.memmove.3;, &man.memset.3;,
 945       &man.strcat.3; É &man.strcpy.3;.  îÅÓËÏÌØËÏ ÍÁÔÅÍÁÔÉÞÅÓËÉÈ
 946       ÆÕÎËÃÉÊ, ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË &man.ceill.3; É &man.sqrtf.3; ÔÁËÖÅ ÂÙÌÉ ÚÁÍÅÝÅÎÙ
 947       ÏÐÔÉÍÉÚÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍÉ ×ÅÒÓÉÑÍÉ.</para>
 948
 949     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.chflags.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ
 950       <option>-h</option>, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÉÊ ÉÚÍÅÎÑÔØ ÆÌÁÇÉ ÎÁ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÉÞÅÓËÉÈ
 951       ÓÓÙÌËÁÈ.</para>
 952
 953     <para>ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ &man.ftpd.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔ ËÏÄÙ
 954       ÓÔÁÔÕÓÁ <literal>212</literal> É <literal>213</literal>
 955       ÄÌÑ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ É ÆÁÊÌÁ (× ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÅÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌÓÑ
 956       ËÏÄ <literal>211</literal>).  üÔÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÏÐÉÓÁÎÏ ×
 957       RFC 959.  &merged;</para>
 958
 959     <para>ëÏÍÁÎÄÁ <literal>create</literal> ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ &man.gpt.8;
 960       ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ <option>-f</option>
 961       ÄÌÑ ÆÏÒÓÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ GPT ÄÁÖÅ ÅÓÌÉ ÎÁ ÄÉÓËÅ ÐÒÉÓÕÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ
 962       ÚÁÐÉÓØ MBR. &merged;</para>
 963
 964     <para>æÕÎËÃÉÑ &man.getaddrinfo.3; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÚÁÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÅÔ
 965       ÚÁÐÉÓÉ DNS <literal>A</literal> ÐÅÒÅÄ ÚÁÐÉÓÑÍÉ <literal>AAAA</literal>,
 966       ËÏÇÄÁ ÕËÁÚÁÎ <literal>AF_UNSPEC</literal>.  îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
 967       DNS ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÙ ÎÅËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÀÔ <literal>NXDOMAIN</literal>
 968       × ÏÔ×ÅÔ ÎÁ ÚÁÐÒÏÓ ÎÅÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ ÚÁÐÉÓÉ <literal>AAAA</literal>,
 969       ÈÏÔÑ ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÔØ <literal>NOERROR</literal> Ó ÐÕÓÔÏÊ
 970       ÚÁÐÉÓØÀ.  üÔÏ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÁ ÄÌÑ Ä×ÏÊÎÏÇÏ IPv4/IPv6 ÓÔÅËÁ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ
 971       ÐÏÓÌÅ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÔÁ <literal>NXDOMAIN</literal> ÎÁ ÚÁÐÒÏÓ
 972       <literal>AAAA</literal> ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉÔ Ë ÔÏÍÕ, ÞÔÏ ÚÁÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÀÝÉÊ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ
 973       ÎÅ ÐÙÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÒÁÚÒÅÛÉÔØ ÚÁÐÉÓØ <literal>A</literal>.  ëÒÏÍÅ ÔÏÇÏ,
 974       ÔÁËÏÅ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÐÏÔÅÎÃÉÁÌØÎÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÐÒÉ×ÅÓÔÉ Ë DoS ÁÔÁËÅ
 975       (ÓÍ. <ulink url="http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/714121"></ulink>
 976       Ó ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ).
 977       ïÂÒÁÔÉÔÅ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ, ÞÔÏ ÈÏÔÑ ÐÏÒÑÄÏË ÚÁÐÒÏÓÁ ÂÙÌ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎ, ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÍÙÊ
 978       ÒÅÚÕÌØÔÁÔ ×ÓÅ ÅÝÅ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÚÁÐÉÓØ <literal>AF_INET6</literal>
 979       ÐÅÒÅÄ ÚÁÐÉÓØÀ <literal>AF_INET</literal>.  &merged;</para>
 980
 981     <para>æÕÎËÃÉÉ &man.gethostbyname.3;, &man.gethostbyname2.3; É
 982       &man.gethostbyaddr.3; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
 983       × ÍÎÏÇÏÐÏÔÏÞÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÈ. &merged;</para>
 984
 985     <para>æÕÎËÃÉÉ &man.getnetent.3;, &man.getnetbyname.3; É
 986       &man.getnetbyaddr.3; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
 987       × ÍÎÏÇÏÐÏÔÏÞÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÈ. &merged;</para>
 988
 989     <para>æÕÎËÃÉÉ &man.getprotoent.3;, &man.getprotobyname.3; É
 990       &man.getprotobynumber.3; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
 991       × ÍÎÏÇÏÐÏÔÏÞÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÈ. &merged;</para>
 992
 993     <para>æÕÎËÃÉÉ &man.getservent.3;, &man.getservbyname.3; É
 994       &man.getservbyport.3; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
 995       × ÍÎÏÇÏÐÏÔÏÞÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÈ. &merged;</para>
 996
 997     <para>÷ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÉ Ó IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 (ÉÚ×ÅÓÔÎÙÍ ÔÁËÖÅ ËÁË
 998       POSIX 2001), ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ <varname>n_net</varname>
 999       ÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÙ <varname>struct netent</varname> É ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔ
1000       &man.getnetbyaddr.3; ÂÙÌÉ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÙ ÎÁ <literal>uint32_t</literal>.
1001       ÷ÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÅ ÜÔÏÇÏ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ABI ÎÁ 64-ÂÉÔÎÙÈ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÁÈ
1002       ÎÅÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍ Ó ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÍÉ ÒÅÌÉÚÁÍÉ &os; É ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ ÎÏÍÅÒ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
1003       ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÉ <filename>libpcap</filename> ÂÙÌ Õ×ÅÌÉÞÅÎ.
1004       åÓÌÉ ×Ù ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÑÅÔÅ &os; ÎÁ 64-ÂÉÔÎÙÈ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÁÈ Ó ÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÔÁÒÏÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ,
1005       ÕÞÔÉÔÅ, ÞÔÏ ×ÓÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÝÉÅ
1006       &man.getnetbyaddr.3;, &man.getnetbyname.3;, &man.getnetent.3; É/ÉÌÉ
1007       <filename>libpcap</filename>, ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÐÅÒÅËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ.</para>
1008
1009     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ gvinum(8) ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÓÕÂËÏÍÁÎÄÙ
1010       <command>checkparity</command>,
1011       <command>rebuildparity</command> É
1012       <command>setstate</command>.  &merged;</para>
1013
1014     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.ifconfig.8; ÂÙÌÁ ÒÅËÏÎÓÔÒÕÉÒÏ×ÁÎÁ.  ôÅÐÅÒØ ÏÎÁ
1015       ÍÏÄÕÌØÎÁÑ É ÇÉÂËÁÑ, ÕÄÅÌÅÎÏ ×ÎÉÍÁÎÉÅ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÎÏÊ
1016       ÄÌÑ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÈ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÏ× ÆÕÎËÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÏÓÔÉ.  ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ 802.11
1017       ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó ÕÞÅÔÏÍ ÐÏÓÌÅÄÎÉÈ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÊ × ÐÏÄÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ É
1018       ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒÁÈ 802.11.</para>
1019
1020     <para>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÓÏËÒÁÝÅÎÎÙÈ ÆÏÒÍ ÎÅÓËÏÌØËÉÈ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× &man.ipfw.8;
1021       ÂÙÌÁ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÉÚ ÞÉÓÌÅ ÒÅËÏÍÅÎÄÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ.  ðÒÉ ÏÂÎÁÒÕÖÅÎÉÉ ÏÄÎÏÇÏ
1022       ÉÚ ÔÁËÉÈ ÓÏËÒÁÝÅÎÉÊ, ÎÁ stderr ÐÅÞÁÔÁÅÔÓÑ ÐÒÅÄÕÐÒÅÖÄÅÎÉÅ, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÅÅ
1023       ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÕÀ ÐÏÌÎÕÀ ÆÏÒÍÕ.</para>
1024
1025     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.kldstat.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÏÐÃÉÀ
1026       <option>-m</option>, Ó ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ×ÏÚ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔ ÓÔÁÔÕÓ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÏÇÏ ÍÏÄÕÌÑ
1027       ÑÄÒÁ. &merged;</para>
1028
1029     <para>äÉÓËÏ×ÙÊ ÆÏÒÍÁÔ ÆÁÊÌÏ× <literal>LC_CTYPE</literal> ÂÙÌ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎ
1030       Ë ÍÁÛÉÎÎÏ-ÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏÍÕ ×ÉÄÕ.</para>
1031
1032     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.mixer.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ
1033       <option>-S</option>.  üÔÏ ÔÏ ÖÅ, ÞÔÏ É ÏÐÃÉÑ <option>-s</option>,
1034       ÎÏ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÉÔÅÌÉ ÐÏÌÅÊ ÎÅ ×Ù×ÏÄÑÔÓÑ.</para>
1035
1036     <para>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÅ <filename>libalias</filename>,
1037       ÐÒÉ×ÏÄÉ×ÛÁÑ Ë ÄÁÍÐÕ ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÐÒÉ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÉ × &man.natd.8;
1038       ÏÐÃÉÉ <option>-reverse</option>.</para>
1039
1040     <para>âÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ <filename>libarchive</filename> (ËÁË É ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ
1041       &man.tar.1;, ÅÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÝÁÑ) ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÞÔÅÎÉÅ ÏÂÒÁÚÏ×
1042       ISO (Ó ÏÐÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÙÍ ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÅÍ RockRidge) É ÁÒÈÉ×Ï× ZIP
1043       (ÓÏ ÓÖÁÔÉÅÍ <literal>deflate</literal> É <literal>none</literal>).
1044       &merged;</para>
1045
1046     <para>âÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ <filename>libarchive</filename> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
1047       ZIP ÁÒÈÉ×Ù Ó ×ÈÏÖÄÅÎÉÑÍÉ ÂÏÌÅÅ 4GB × ÕÐÁËÏ×ÁÎÎÏÍ ×ÉÄÅ (ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÅ
1048       ZIP64) É ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÅ Unix.</para>
1049
1050     <para>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ <filename>libgpib</filename>,
1051       ÞÔÏÂÙ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÉÔØ ÄÏÓÔÕÐ ÕÒÏ×ÎÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑ Ë ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×ÁÍ
1052       GPIB (ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÑ ÄÒÁÊ×ÅÒ pcii) ÞÅÒÅÚ
1053       <function>ib<replaceable>foo</replaceable></function>
1054       API &merged;.</para>
1055
1056     <para>òÁÚÍÅÒ ÓÔÅËÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ × <filename>libpthread</filename>,
1057       <filename>libthr</filename>
1058       É <filename>libc_r</filename> ÂÙÌ Õ×ÅÌÉÞÅÎ.  îÁ 32-ÂÉÔÎÙÈ
1059       ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÁÈ, ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÏÊ ÐÏÔÏË ÐÏÌÕÞÁÅÔ 2MB ÓÔÅË ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ,
1060       Á ÏÓÔÁÌØÎÙÅ ÐÏÔÏËÉ ÐÏÌÕÞÁÀÔ 1MB ÓÔÅË ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ.  îÁ
1061       64-ÂÉÔÎÙÈ ÐÌÁÔÆÏÒÍÁÈ, ÒÁÚÍÅÒ ÓÔÅËÁ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ 4MB É 2MB
1062       ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÅÎÎÏ. &merged;</para>
1063
1064     <para>âÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ <filename>libxpg4</filename> ÂÙÌÁ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÁ,
1065       ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ×ÓÑ ÅÅ ÆÕÎËÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÏÓÔØ ÂÙÌÁ ÄÁ×ÎÏ ×ÎÅÓÅÎÁ ×
1066       <filename>libc</filename>.
1067       ÷ÓÅ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÅ ÆÁÊÌÙ, ÓÌÉÎËÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ Ó <filename>libxpg4</filename>,
1068       ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÂÙÔØ ÐÅÒÅËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÎÙ, ÉÌÉ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
1069       &man.libmap.conf.5;.  ÷ ÂÁÚÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÅ &os; ÔÁËÉÈ ÂÉÎÁÒÎÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×
1070       ÎÅÔ.</para>
1071
1072     <para>ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ &man.lpd.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÕÂÅÖÄÁÅÔÓÑ, ÞÔÏ ÆÁÊÌ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÎ
1073       ÐÏÌÎÏÓÔØÀ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÎÁÞÁÌÏÍ ÐÅÞÁÔÉ, ÅÓÌÉ ÏÎ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÅÔÓÑ Ó ËÁËÏÇÏ-ÌÉÂÏ
1074       ÄÒÕÇÏÇÏ ÈÏÓÔÁ.  îÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÁÃÉÉ &man.lpr.1; ÏÔÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÔ
1075       ËÏÎÔÒÏÌØÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÄÁÎÉÑ ÐÅÞÁÔÉ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÏÔÐÒÁ×ËÏÊ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÉÈ
1076       ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÄÁÎÎÙÈ, ÞÔÏ ÍÏÖÅÔ ×ÙÚ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ, ÅÓÌÉ ÐÏÌÕÞÁÀÝÉÊ ÈÏÓÔ
1077       ÜÔÏ ÎÁÇÒÕÖÅÎÎÙÊ ÐÒÉÎÔ ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ.  &merged;</para>
1078
1079     <para>÷ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÅ &man.math.3; ÂÙÌÏ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÏ ÍÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï ÎÏ×ÙÈ
1080       ÆÕÎËÃÉÊ.  ÷ ÉÈ ÞÉÓÌÏ ×ÈÏÄÑÔ &man.ceill.3;,
1081       &man.floorl.3;, &man.ilogbl.3;, &man.fma.3; É ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÙ,
1082       &man.lrint.3; É ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÙ, É &man.lround.3; É
1083       ×ÁÒÉÁÎÔÙ. &merged;</para>
1084
1085     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.mknod.8; ÂÙÌÁ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÁ ÉÚ ÞÉÓÌÁ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÙÈ.
1086       æÁÊÌÙ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ× ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÏÊ &man.devfs.5;
1087       ÎÁÞÉÎÁÑ Ó &os; 5.0.</para>
1088
1089     <para arch="i386">âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÎÅ-GPL ÕÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.mkuzip.8;,
1090       ÄÌÑ ÓÖÁÔÉÑ ÏÂÒÁÚÏ× ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ ÐÅÒÅÄ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅÍ
1091       Ó ÍÏÄÕÌÅÍ <literal>GEOM_UZIP</literal> &man.geom.4;.
1092       &merged;</para>
1093
1094     <para>äÁÅÍÏÎ &man.moused.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ <quote>×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÕÀ
1095       ÐÒÏËÒÕÔËÕ</quote>, ËÏÇÄÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÝÅÎÉÑ ÍÙÛÉ ÐÒÉ ÎÁÖÁÔÏÊ ÓÒÅÄÎÅÊ
1096       ËÎÏÐËÅ ÉÎÔÅÒÐÒÅÔÉÒÕÀÔÓÑ ËÁË ÐÒÏËÒÕÔËÁ.  üÔÁ ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ ×ËÌÀÞÁÅÔÓÑ
1097       ÆÌÁÇÏÍ <option>-V</option>. &merged;</para>
1098
1099     <para>äÌÑ ÄÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÚÏÎ &man.named.8; ÂÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ
1100       ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ, ×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÅÍ ËÏÔÏÒÏÇÏ Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØ
1101       <username>bind</username> (ÄÌÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ÖÕÒÎÁÌØÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÚÏÎÙ).
1102       âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÐÒÉÍÅÒÅ ÄÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÏÊ
1103       ÚÏÎÙ ÆÁÊÌÁ &man.named.conf.5;.  &merged;</para>
1104
1105     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.ncal.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ <option>-m</option>
1106       ÄÌÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ËÁÌÅÎÄÁÒÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÏÇÏ ÍÅÓÑÃÁ × ÔÅËÕÝÅÍ ÇÏÄÕ.
1107       &merged;</para>
1108
1109     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.newfs.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ <option>-n</option>
1110       ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ <filename>.snap</filename>
1111       ÎÁ ÎÏ×ÙÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÈ.  üÔÁ ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÁ ÄÌÑ
1112       ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ Ó ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍÉ × ÐÁÍÑÔÉ ÉÌÉ ×ÉÒÔÕÁÌØÎÙÍÉ
1113       ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÍÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁÍÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÍ ÎÅ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÁ ÏÂÒÁÚÏ×.
1114       &merged;</para>
1115
1116     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.newfs.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ×ÙÄÁÅÔ ÐÒÅÄÕÐÒÅÖÄÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÉ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÉ
1117       ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ UFS ÉÌÉ UFS2, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÎÅ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÔØ ÏÂÒÁÚÙ.
1118       ôÁËÁÑ ÓÉÔÕÁÃÉÑ ÍÏÖÅÔ ×ÏÚÎÉËÁÔØ × ÓÌÕÞÁÅ ÏÞÅÎØ ÂÏÌØÛÉÈ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÙÈ ÓÉÓÔÅÍ
1119       Ó ÂÌÏËÁÍÉ ÍÁÌÏÇÏ ÒÁÚÍÅÒÁ.  &merged;</para>
1120
1121     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.newsyslog.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ
1122       <option>-d</option> ÄÌÑ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÑ ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÇÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ ÌÏÇ ÆÁÊÌÏ×
1123       ÐÏÄÏÂÎÏ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ <varname>DESTDIR</varname> ÄÌÑ
1124       BSD make.  üÔÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ×ÌÉÑÅÔ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÎÁ ÐÕÔÉ Ë ÌÏÇ ÆÁÊÌÁÍ,
1125       É ÎÅ ×ÌÉÑÅÔ ÎÁ ÆÁÊÌ ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ (<option>-f</option>)
1126       ÉÌÉ ÁÒÈÉ×ÎÙÊ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇ (<option>-a</option>).</para>
1127
1128     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.newsyslog.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ
1129       <option>-N</option>, ÚÁÐÒÅÝÁÀÝÉÊ ÒÏÔÁÃÉÀ ËÁËÉÈ-ÌÉÂÏ ÆÁÊÌÏ×.</para>
1130
1131     <para>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ËÏÍÐÉÌÑÃÉÉ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ
1132       <literal>NO_NIS</literal>.  ëÁË ÓÌÅÄÕÅÔ ÉÚ ÅÅ ÉÍÅÎÉ, ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ
1133       ÜÔÏÊ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ ÐÒÉ×ÅÄÅÔ Ë ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÀ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ NIS ÉÚ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ
1134       ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, É ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ NIS ÎÅ ÂÕÄÕÔ ËÏÍÐÉÌÉÒÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ. &merged;</para>
1135
1136     <para>÷ ÔÅÞÅÎÉÅ ÍÎÏÇÉÈ ÌÅÔ, × &os; ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌÉÓØ
1137       ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ <filename>Makefile</filename> × ÆÏÒÍÁÈ
1138       <varname>NO<replaceable>FOO</replaceable></varname> É
1139       <varname>NO_<replaceable>FOO</replaceable></varname>.
1140       ôÅÐÅÒØ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ × ÆÏÒÍÅ
1141       <varname>NO_<replaceable>FOO</replaceable></varname>.
1142       ðÏÌÎÙÊ ÓÐÉÓÏË ÔÁËÉÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ × ÆÁÊÌÅ
1143       <filename>/usr/share/mk/bsd.compat.mk</filename>; × ÎÅÍ
1144       ÔÁËÖÅ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÁ ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÏÂÒÁÔÎÁÑ ÓÏ×ÍÅÓÔÉÍÏÓÔØ ÄÌÑ
1145       ÓÔÁÒÙÈ ÉÍÅÎ.</para>
1146
1147     <para>ðÒÏ×ÅÒËÁ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏÓÔÉ × &man.periodic.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
1148       ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÅ ÓÞÅÔÞÉËÏ× ÐÁËÅÔÏ×, ÚÁÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ
1149       &man.pf.4;.  &merged;</para>
1150
1151     <para>ëÏÍÁÎÄÁ &man.pgrep.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÏÐÃÉÀ <option>-S</option>,
1152       ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÍ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁÍ (ÐÏÔÏËÁÍ ÑÄÒÁ).</para>
1153
1154     <para>ëÏÍÁÎÄÙ &man.pgrep.1; É &man.pkill.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÏÐÃÉÀ
1155       <option>-F</option>, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÕÀ ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÔØ ÆÁÊÌ, ÇÄÅ ÓÏÈÒÁÎÑÅÔÓÑ
1156       PID.</para>
1157
1158     <para>ëÏÍÁÎÄÙ &man.pgrep.1; É &man.pkill.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÏÐÃÉÀ
1159       <option>-i</option>, Ó ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÒÅÇÉÓÔÒ ÉÇÎÏÒÉÒÕÅÔÓÑ.</para>
1160
1161     <para>ëÏÍÁÎÄÙ &man.pgrep.1; É &man.pkill.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÏÐÃÉÀ
1162       <option>-j</option>, Ó ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÙ ÓÏÐÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÀÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×Å
1163       ÉÈ ÉÄÅÎÔÉÆÉËÁÔÏÒÁ &man.jail.2;.</para>
1164
1165     <para>ëÏÍÁÎÄÙ &man.pgrep.1; É &man.pkill.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ ÏÐÃÉÀ
1166       <option>-o</option>, ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÀÝÕÀ ÎÁÉÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÔÁÒÏÍÕ
1167       (ÒÁÎØÛÅ ×ÓÅÈ ÚÁÐÕÝÅÎÎÏÍÕ) ÉÚ ×ÙÂÉÒÁÅÍÙÈ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÏ×.</para>
1168
1169     <para>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ &man.powerd.8; ÄÌÑ ÕÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ
1170       ÜÎÅÒÇÏÐÏÔÒÅÂÌÅÎÉÅÍ.</para>
1171
1172     <para>÷ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ &man.ppp.8; ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ
1173       <option>echo</option>, ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÀÝÉÊ ×ËÌÀÞÁÔØ LCP ECHO
1174       ÎÅÚÁ×ÉÓÉÍÏ ÏÔ LQR.  âÏÌÅÅ ÓÔÁÒÙÅ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ &man.ppp.8;
1175       ÐÅÒÅÈÏÄÑÔ × ÒÅÖÉÍ LCP ECHO ÅÓÌÉ ÓÏÇÌÁÓÏ×ÁÎÉÅ lqr
1176       ÎÅ ÂÕÄÅÔ ÕÓÐÅÛÎÏ ÐÒÏ×ÅÄÅÎÏ.  ôÅÐÅÒØ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ
1177       ÔÁËÏÇÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÑ ÎÅÏÂÈÏÄÉÍÏ ÕËÁÚÁÔØ <command>enable
1178       echo</command>. &merged;</para>
1179
1180     <para>÷ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÕ &man.ppp.8; ÂÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ
1181       <option>disable NAS-IP-Address</option> É
1182       <option>disable NAS-Identifier</option>,
1183       ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÝÉÅ pre-RFC 2865 RADIUS ÓÅÒ×ÅÒÙ.</para>
1184
1185     <para>âÙÌÉ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÙ Ä×Å ÏÛÉÂËÉ × ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ &man.pppd.8;.
1186       ïÎÉ ÍÏÇÌÉ ÐÒÉ×ÅÓÔÉ Ë ÎÅËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÏÍÕ ÏÔ×ÅÔÕ CBCP,
1187       ÎÁÒÕÛÁÀÝÅÍÕ Microsoft PPP Callback Control Protocol
1188       section 3.2.  &merged;</para>
1189
1190     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.ps.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ËÌÀÞÅ×ÏÅ ÓÌÏ×Ï
1191       <literal>jid</literal> ÏÐÃÉÉ <option>-o</option>.  ïÎÏ ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÏ
1192       ÄÌÑ ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÑ ÉÄÅÎÔÉÆÉËÁÔÏÒÁ &man.jail.2; ËÁÖÄÏÇÏ ÐÒÏÃÅÓÓÁ.</para>
1193
1194     <para>ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ &man.pstat.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÏÐÃÉÀ <option>-h</option>,
1195       ÞÔÏÂÙ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÒÁÚÍÅÒ Ó ÐÒÅÆÉËÓÁÍÉ, ÔÁËÉÍÉ ËÁË K, M É G.
1196       <!--which are used to form binary multiples.--></para>
1197
1198     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÙ &man.rescue.8; × ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÅ <filename>/rescue</filename>
1199       ÔÅÐÅÒØ ×ËÌÀÞÁÀÔ &man.bsdtar.1; ×ÍÅÓÔÏ GNU tar.</para>
1200
1201     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.restore.8; ÏÐÑÔØ ÍÏÖÅÔ ÞÉÔÁÔØ ÌÅÎÔÙ Ó ÄÁÍÐÁÍÉ
1202       &os; ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 1. &merged;</para>
1203
1204     <para>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ × ÕÔÉÌÉÔÅ &man.rexecd.8;, ÉÚ-ÚÁ
1205       ËÏÔÏÒÏÊ ÓÞÉÔÁÌÏÓØ, ÞÔÏ ÏÐÃÉÑ <option>-i</option> ×ÓÅÇÄÁ
1206       ÕËÁÚÁÎÁ.  &merged;</para>
1207
1208     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.rexecd.8; ÂÙÌÁ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÁ.  ÷ ÄÅÒÅ×Å ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÔÅËÓÔÏ×
1209       &os; ÎÅÔ ËÌÉÅÎÔÏ× rexec, É ËÌÉÅÎÔÓËÁÑ ÆÕÎËÃÉÑ &man.rexec.3; ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÅÔ
1210       ÔÏÌØËÏ × <filename>libcompat</filename>.</para>
1211
1212     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.rm.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ
1213       <option>-I</option>, Ó ËÏÔÏÒÙÍ (ÏÄÎÏËÒÁÔÎÏ) ÚÁÐÒÁÛÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ
1214       ÐÏÄÔ×ÅÒÖÄÅÎÉÅ ÐÒÉ ÒÅËÕÒÓÉ×ÎÏÍ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÉ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÏ× ÉÌÉ
1215       ÂÏÌÅÅ 3 ÆÁÊÌÏ×, ÐÅÒÅÞÉÓÌÅÎÎÙÈ × ËÏÍÁÎÄÎÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÅ.
1216       &merged;</para>
1217
1218     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.rm.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÁ×ÌÑÅÔ ÄÉÁÇÎÏÓÔÉÞÅÓËÉÅ
1219       ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÑ ÐÒÉ ÐÏÐÙÔËÅ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÉÑ ÎÅÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÇÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ,
1220       ËÏÇÄÁ ÕËÁÚÁÎÙ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÙ <option>-r</option> É
1221       <option>-f</option>.  üÔÏ ÐÏ×ÅÄÅÎÉÅ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÕÅÔ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÕ
1222       Version 3 of the Single UNIX Specification (SUSv3).</para>
1223
1224     <para>âÙÌÉ ÒÅÁÌÉÚÏ×ÁÎÙ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÆÕÎËÃÉÉ ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÁ ISO/IEC 9899:1999:
1225       <function>roundl()</function>,
1226       <function>lroundl()</function>, <function>llroundl()</function>,
1227       <function>truncl()</function> É <function>floorl()</function>.</para>
1228
1229     <para>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅËÁ &man.rpmatch.3; ÄÌÑ ÐÒÏ×ÅÒËÉ
1230       ÓÔÒÏËÉ, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÅÊ ÐÏÌÏÖÉÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÉÌÉ ÏÔÒÉÃÁÔÅÌØÎÙÊ ÏÔ×ÅÔ
1231       × ÔÅËÕÝÅÊ ÌÏËÁÌÉ.</para>
1232
1233     <para>äÉÎÁÍÉÞÅÓËÉÊ ËÏÍÐÏÎÏ×ÝÉË &man.rtld.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
1234       ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÅ ÚÁÍÅÝÁÀÝÉÈ ÂÉÂÌÉÏÔÅË ÞÅÒÅÚ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÕÀ ÏËÒÕÖÅÎÉÑ
1235       <varname>LD_LIBMAP</varname>.  üÔÁ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÁÑ ÐÅÒÅÚÁÐÉÓÙ×ÁÅÔ
1236       ÚÁÐÉÓÉ × &man.libmap.conf.5;. &merged;</para>
1237
1238     <para>îÅÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÊ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÍÕÌØÔÉÂÁÊÔÏ×ÙÈ É ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÎÙÈ
1239       ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ× rune(3) ÂÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ.</para>
1240
1241     <para>&man.sed.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÏÐÃÉÀ <option>-l</option>,
1242       ×ËÌÀÞÁÀÝÕÀ ÐÏÓÔÒÏÞÎÕÀ ÂÕÆÅÒÉÚÁÃÉÀ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ. &merged;</para>
1243
1244     <para>æÕÎËÃÉÑ &man.strftime.3; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÎÅËÏÔÏÒÙÅ GNU
1245       ÒÁÓÛÉÒÅÎÉÑ, ÔÁËÉÅ ËÁË <literal>-</literal> (ÂÅÚ ÚÁÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ),
1246       <literal>_</literal> (ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÂÅÌ ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÑ),
1247       É <literal>0</literal> (ÚÁÐÏÌÎÅÎÉÅ ÎÕÌÑÍÉ). &merged;</para>
1248
1249     <para>æÕÎËÃÉÀ &man.syslog.3; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÖÎÏ ÂÅÚÏÐÁÓÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
1250       × ÍÎÏÇÏÐÏÔÏÞÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÈ. &merged;</para>
1251
1252     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.syslogd.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÏÔËÒÙ×ÁÅÔ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÊ
1253       ÓÏËÅÔ (<filename>/var/run/logpriv</filename> ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ),
1254       Ó ÐÒÁ×ÁÍÉ <literal>0600</literal> ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
1255       ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÍÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ.  üÔÏ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÁÅÔ ÂÌÏËÉÒÏ×ËÕ
1256       ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÈ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍ, ËÏÇÄÁ ÂÕÆÅÒ ÓÏËÅÔÁ ÐÅÒÅÐÏÌÎÑÅÔÓÑ
1257       ×ÓÌÅÄÓÔ×ÉÅ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏÊ DoS ÁÔÁËÉ. &merged;</para>
1258
1259     <para>&man.syslogd.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÏÐÃÉÀ <option>-S</option>,
1260       ËÏÔÏÒÁÑ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÉÚÍÅÎÑÔØ ÐÕÔØ Ë ÐÒÉ×ÉÌÅÇÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÍÕ ÓÏËÅÔÕ.
1261       üÔÏ ÐÏÌÅÚÎÏ ÄÌÑ ÐÒÅÄÏÔ×ÒÁÝÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÉÑ ÄÁÅÍÏÎÏÍ ÓÏÏÂÝÅÎÉÊ ÉÚ
1262       ÌÏËÁÌØÎÙÈ ÓÏËÅÔÏ× (<filename>/var/run/log</filename> É
1263       <filename>/var/run/logpriv</filename> ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ).
1264       &merged;</para>
1265
1266     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.syslogd.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÅ
1267       ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ× <literal>:</literal> É <literal>%</literal> ×
1268       ÉÍÅÎÉ ÈÏÓÔÁ.  üÔÉ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÙ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ × ÁÄÒÅÓÁÈ É
1269       scope ID IPv6. &merged;</para>
1270
1271     <para>&man.systat.1; <option>-netstat</option> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÒÉÓÐÏÓÏÂÌÅÎ
1272       ÄÌÑ IPv6. &merged;</para>
1273
1274     <para>ðÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <option>-f</option> ÕÔÉÌÉÔÙ &man.tail.1;
1275       ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÏÄÎÏÇÏ ÆÁÊÌÁ ÏÄÎÏ×ÒÅÍÅÎÎÏ.
1276       &merged;</para>
1277
1278     <para>ðÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÙ &man.telnet.1; É &man.telnetd.8; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÀÔ
1279       ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <option>-S</option> ÄÌÑ ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ ÞÉÓÌÏ×ÏÇÏ TOS
1280       ÂÁÊÔÁ.</para>
1281
1282     <para>ðÒÅÄ×ÁÒÅÎÉÅ ÚÎÁËÏÍ <literal>+</literal> ÎÏÍÅÒÁ ÐÏÒÔÁ,
1283       ÐÅÒÅÄÁ×ÁÅÍÏÇÏ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÅ &man.telnet.1;, ÏÔËÌÀÞÁÅÔ ÒÁÓÐÏÚÎÁ×ÁÎÉÅ
1284       ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× É ÐÏÚ×ÏÌÑÅÔ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÕ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ× Ó ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÙÍ ×ÅÒÈÎÉÍ
1285       ÂÉÔÏÍ.  üÔÁ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏÓÔØ ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎÁ ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ ÛÉÒÏËÏ
1286       ÐÒÉÍÅÎÑÅÍÏÇÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ &man.telnet.1; ÄÌÑ ÔÅÓÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ
1287       ÐÒÏÔÏËÏÌÁ.</para>
1288
1289     <para>âÙÌÁ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ËÏÍÁÎÄÁ &man.tcpdrop.8;, ÚÁËÒÙ×ÁÀÝÁÑ ×ÙÂÒÁÎÎÏÅ
1290       ÓÏÅÄÉÎÅÎÉÅ TCP.  ïÎÁ ÂÙÌÁ ÚÁÉÍÓÔ×Ï×ÁÎÁ ÉÚ OpenBSD. &merged;</para>
1291
1292     <para>&man.what.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ <option>-q</option>, ËÏÔÏÒÙÊ
1293       ÕËÁÚÙ×ÁÅÔ ×Ù×ÏÄÉÔØ ÔÅËÓÔ, ÎÏ ÎÅ ÆÏÒÍÁÔÉÒÏ×ÁÔØ ÅÇÏ.</para>
1294
1295     <para>&man.whois.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ <option>-k</option>
1296       ÄÌÑ ÚÁÐÒÏÓÁ <hostid role="fqdn">whois.krnic.net</hostid>
1297       (the National Internet Development Agency of Korea),
1298       ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÅÇÏ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÀ Ï IP ÁÄÒÅÓÁÈ × ëÏÒÅÅ. &merged;</para>
1299
1300     <para>ðÁÒÁÍÅÔÒ <option>-I</option> ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ &man.xargs.1; ÂÙÌ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎ
1301       ÄÌÑ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×ÉÑ IEEE Std 1003.1-2004.  óÔÁÎÄÁÒÔ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔ, ÞÔÏÂÙ
1302       ÓËÏÎÓÔÒÕÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÙÅ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÙ ÎÅ ÍÏÇÌÉ ÐÒÅ×ÙÛÁÔØ 255 ÂÁÊÔ.</para>
1303
1304     <para>âÙÌÁ ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ ÏÛÉÂËÁ ÞÔÅÎÉÑ ÆÁÊÌÏ× ËÏÎÆÉÇÕÒÁÃÉÉ,
1305       ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË &man.hosts.5;, &man.services.5; É ÔÁË ÄÁÌÅÅ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ
1306       ÎÅ ÚÁËÁÎÞÉ×ÁÌÉÓØ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏÍ ÎÏ×ÏÊ ÓÔÒÏËÉ. &merged;</para>
1307
1308     <para>âÙÌÉ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÙ ÎÏ×ÙÅ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÎÙÅ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØ/ÇÒÕÐÐÁ
1309       <username>_dhcp</username> ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖËÉ &man.dhclient.8; ÉÚ
1310       OpenBSD.</para>
1311
1312     <sect3 id="rc-scripts">
1313       <title>óËÒÉÐÔÙ <filename>/etc/rc.d</filename></title>
1314
1315       <para>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÓÔÁÒÔÏ×ÙÊ ÓËÒÉÐÔ <filename>rc.d/bsnmpd</filename>
1316         ÄÌÑ &man.bsnmpd.1;.</para>
1317
1318       <para>&man.rc.conf.5; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÉÚÍÅÎÅÎÉÅ ÉÍÅÎ
1319         ÓÅÔÅ×ÙÈ ÉÎÔÅÒÆÅÊÓÏ× ×Ï ×ÒÅÍÑ ÚÁÇÒÕÚËÉ. &merged;
1320         îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ:</para>
1321
1322       <programlisting>ifconfig_fxp0_name="net0"
1323 ifconfig_net0="inet 10.0.0.1/16"</programlisting>
1324
1325       <para>óËÒÉÐÔ <filename>rc.d/moused</filename> ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÍÏÖÅÔ
1326         ×ÙÐÏÌÎÑÔØ ËÏÍÁÎÄÙ starts/stops/checks ÄÌÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÏÇÏ
1327         ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á, ËÏÔÏÒÏÅ ÚÁÄÁÅÔÓÑ ×ÔÏÒÙÍ ÁÒÇÕÍÅÎÔÏÍ Ë
1328         ÓËÒÉÐÔÕ:</para>
1329
1330       <screen>&prompt.root; /etc/rc.d/moused start ums0</screen>
1331
1332       <para>äÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÈ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÈ &man.rc.conf.5;
1333         Ó ÒÁÚÌÉÞÎÙÍÉ ÍÙÛÁÍÉ, ÚÁÄÁ×ÁÊÔÅ ÉÍÑ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Á × ËÁÞÅÓÔ×Å
1334         ÞÁÓÔÉ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÏÊ.  îÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ, ÅÓÌÉ ÕÓÔÒÏÊÓÔ×Ï ÍÙÛÉ
1335         <filename>/dev/ums0</filename>, ÍÏÖÎÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ
1336         ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÓÔÒÏËÉ:</para>
1337
1338         <programlisting>moused_ums0_enable=yes
1339 moused_ums0_flags="-z 4"
1340 moused_ums0_port="/dev/ums0"</programlisting>
1341
1342       <para>&man.rc.conf.5; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÐÅÒÅÍÅÎÎÙÅ
1343         <varname>tmpmfs_flags</varname> É <varname>varmfs_flags</varname>.
1344         ïÎÉ ÍÏÇÕÔ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÐÅÒÅÄÁÞÉ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÙÈ ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ×
1345         ÕÔÉÌÉÔÅ &man.mdmfs.8;, ÚÁÄÁÎÉÑ &man.md.4; ÐÁÒÁÍÅÔÒÏ× ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÑ
1346         ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ÔÁËÉÈ ËÁË ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ/×ÙËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅ softupdates,
1347         ÕËÁÚÁÎÉÑ ×ÌÁÄÅÌØÃÁ ÆÁÊÌÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÐÏ ÕÍÏÌÞÁÎÉÀ É ÔÁË ÄÁÌÅÅ.
1348         &merged;</para>
1349
1350       <para>óÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÓËÒÉÐÔÙ ÂÙÌÉ ÕÄÁÌÅÎÙ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÏÎÉ ÂÙÌÉ
1351         ÓÐÅÃÉÆÉÞÎÙ ÄÌÑ NetBSD É ÎÉËÏÇÄÁ ÎÅ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÌÉÓØ × &os;:
1352         <filename>altqd</filename>,
1353         <filename>dhcpd</filename>,
1354         <filename>dhcrelay</filename>,
1355         <filename>downinterfaces</filename>,
1356         <filename>gated</filename>,
1357         <filename>ifwatchd</filename>,
1358         <filename>kdc</filename>,
1359         <filename>lkm1</filename>,
1360         <filename>lkm2</filename>,
1361         <filename>lkm3</filename>,
1362         <filename>mixerctl</filename>,
1363         <filename>mopd</filename>,
1364         <filename>mountall</filename>,
1365         <filename>ndbootd</filename>,
1366         <filename>network</filename>,
1367         <filename>poffd</filename>,
1368         <filename>postfix</filename>,
1369         <filename>ppp</filename>,
1370         <filename>racoon</filename>,
1371         <filename>raidframe</filename>,
1372         <filename>rbootd</filename>,
1373         <filename>rtsold</filename>,
1374         <filename>screenblank</filename>,
1375         <filename>swap2</filename>,
1376         <filename>sysdb</filename>,
1377         <filename>wscons</filename>,
1378         <filename>xdm</filename> É
1379         <filename>xfs</filename>.</para>
1380     </sect3>
1381   </sect2>
1382
1383   <sect2 id="contrib">
1384     <title>óÔÏÒÏÎÎÅÅ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÎÏÅ ÏÂÅÓÐÅÞÅÎÉÅ</title>
1385
1386     <para><application>awk</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÏÔ 7
1387       ÆÅ×ÒÁÌÑ 2004 ÇÏÄÁ ÄÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ ÏÔ 24 ÁÐÒÅÌÑ 2005 ÇÏÄÁ.</para>
1388
1389     <para><application>BIND</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
1390       9.3.0 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 9.3.1. &merged;</para>
1391
1392     <para><application>bsnmp</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó 1.7
1393       ÄÏ 1.10.</para>
1394
1395     <para><application>bzip2</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó 1.0.2
1396       ÄÏ 1.0.3.</para>
1397
1398     <para><application>OpenBSD dhclient</application> ÂÙÌ ÉÍÐÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎ ÉÚ
1399       OpenBSD 3.7.  ïÎ ÚÁÍÅÝÁÅÔ ISC DHCP ËÌÉÅÎÔÁ, ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×Á×ÛÅÇÏÓÑ ×
1400       × ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÑÈ &os;.</para>
1401
1402     <para><application>FILE</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó 4.10
1403       ÄÏ 4.12.</para>
1404
1405     <para><application>GNU GCC</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó
1406       3.4.2-prerelease ÏÔ 28 ÉÀÌÑ 2004 ÇÏÄÁ ÄÏ 3.4.4.</para>
1407
1408     <para>A number of bug fixes and performance enhancements have been
1409       added to <application>GNU grep</application> in the form of
1410       patches from Fedora's grep-2.5.1-48 source RPM.</para>
1411
1412     <para><application>GNU readline</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó
1413       ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 4.3 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 5.0.</para>
1414
1415     <para><application>IPFilter</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó
1416       3.4.35 ÄÏ 4.1.18.</para>
1417
1418     <para><application>Heimdal</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó
1419       0.6.1 ÄÏ 0.6.3. &merged;</para>
1420
1421     <para>âÙÌ ÉÍÐÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎ <application>hostapd</application>
1422       v0.3.9.  üÔÏ ÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÓËÁÑ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁ IEEE
1423       802.11 AP É IEEE 802.1X/WPA/WPA2/EAP
1424       Authenticator É RADIUS ÓÅÒ×ÅÒ ÁÕÔÅÎÔÉÆÉËÁÃÉÉ.
1425       âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ
1426       &man.hostapd.8;.</para>
1427
1428     <para><application>libpcap</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó
1429       v0.8.3 ÄÏ v0.9.1 (alpha 096).</para>
1430
1431     <para><application>libregex</application> ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÁ
1432       <application>GNU grep</application> 2.5.1 ÄÏ
1433       ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÁ Ó ÔÅÇÏÍ <literal>fedora-glibc-2_3_4-21</literal>
1434       ÉÚ CVS ÒÅÐÏÚÉÔÏÒÉÑ <application>glibc</application>.</para>
1435
1436     <para><application>libz</application> ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó 1.2.1
1437       ÄÏ 1.2.2.</para>
1438
1439     <para><application>lukemftp</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó
1440       ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÁ ÉÚ OpenBSD ÏÔ 26 ÁÐÒÅÌÑ 2004 ÇÏÄÁ ÄÏ ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔÁ
1441       ÏÔ 16 ÍÁÑ 2005 ÇÏÄÁ.</para>
1442
1443     <para>âÙÌ ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎ ÓÎÜÐÛÏÔ <application>netcat</application>
1444       ÉÚ OpenBSD ÏÔ 4 ÆÅ×ÒÁÌÑ 2005 ÇÏÄÁ.  âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ
1445       ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ËÉ ÐÏ &man.nc.1;. &merged;</para>
1446
1447     <para><application>NgATM</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó 1.0
1448       ÄÏ 1.2.</para>
1449
1450     <para><application>OpenPAM</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ÒÅÌÉÚÁ
1451       Eelgrass ÄÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ Feterita.</para>
1452
1453     <para><application>OpenPAM</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ÒÅÌÉÚÁ
1454       Feterita ÄÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ Figwort.</para>
1455
1456     <para><application>OpenSSH</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó 3.8p1
1457       ÄÏ 4.1p1.</para>
1458
1459     <para><application>OpenSSL</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó
1460       0.9.7d ÄÏ 0.9.7e. &merged;</para>
1461
1462     <para><application>pf</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ, ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÎÏÊ
1463       × <application>OpenBSD</application> 3.5 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ, ×ËÌÀÞÅÎÎÏÊ ×
1464       × <application>OpenBSD</application> 3.7.</para>
1465
1466     <para><application>sendmail</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó
1467       ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 8.13.1 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 8.13.3. &merged;</para>
1468
1469     <para><application>sendmail</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó ×ÅÒÓÉÉ
1470       version 8.13.3 ÄÏ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ 8.13.4.  ôÅÐÅÒØ ÏÎ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ
1471       <literal>OSTYPE(freebsd6)</literal>.</para>
1472
1473     <para><application>tcpdump</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó
1474       v3.8.3 ÄÏ v3.9.1 (alpha 096).</para>
1475
1476     <para><application>tcsh</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó
1477       6.13.00 ÄÏ 6.14.00.</para>
1478
1479     <para><application>texinfo</application> ÂÙÌ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎ Ó 4.6
1480       ÄÏ 4.8.</para>
1481
1482     <para>âÁÚÁ ÄÁÎÎÙÈ timezone ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó ÒÅÌÉÚÁ
1483       <application>tzdata2004e</application> ÄÏ ÒÅÌÉÚÁ
1484       <application>tzdata2004g</application>. &merged;</para>
1485
1486     <para>âÙÌ ÉÍÐÏÒÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎ <application>WPA Supplicant</application>
1487       v0.3.9.  ïÎ ÐÒÅÄÏÓÔÁ×ÌÑÅÔ WPA Supplicant ËÏÍÐÏÎÅÎÔ ÉÚ ÎÁÂÏÒÁ
1488       WPA/IEEE 802.11i.  úÁ ÄÏÐÏÌÎÉÔÅÌØÎÏÊ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÅÊ ÏÂÒÁÝÁÊÔÅÓØ Ë
1489       ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ &man.wpa.supplicant.8;.</para>
1490
1491   </sect2>
1492
1493   <sect2 id="ports">
1494     <title>éÎÆÒÁÓÔÒÕËÔÕÒÁ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ×/ÐÁËÅÔÏ×</title>
1495
1496     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.pkg.create.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ
1497       <option>-R</option>.  åÓÌÉ ÕËÁÚÁÎ ÜÔÏÔ ÆÌÁÇ, ÐÒÉ ÓÏÚÄÁÎÉÉ ÆÁÊÌÁ
1498       ÐÁËÅÔÁ ÉÚ ÌÏËÁÌØÎÏ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÎÏÇÏ ÐÁËÅÔÁ, ÓÏÚÄÁÀÔÓÑ ÆÁÊÌÙ ÄÌÑ
1499       ×ÓÅÈ ÐÁËÅÔÏ×, ÏÔ ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÏÎ ÚÁ×ÉÓÉÔ.</para>
1500
1501     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.pkg.version.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ
1502       <option>-q</option> ÄÌÑ ÐÏÄÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ×Ù×ÏÄÁ ÓÉÍ×ÏÌÏ×
1503       ÓÒÁ×ÎÅÎÉÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ <literal>&lt;</literal>,
1504       <literal>=</literal> É <literal>&gt;</literal>.</para>
1505
1506     <para>õÔÉÌÉÔÁ &man.pkg.version.1; ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔ ÆÌÁÇ
1507       <option>-I</option>, Ó ËÏÔÏÒÙÍ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÆÁÊÌ <filename>INDEX</filename>
1508       ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÔÓÑ ÄÌÑ ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÉÑ ÔÏÇÏ, Ñ×ÌÑÅÔÓÑ ÌÉ ÐÁËÅÔ ÕÓÔÁÒÅ×ÛÉÍ.</para>
1509
1510     <para>æÁÊÌÙ
1511       <filename>ports/INDEX<replaceable>*</replaceable></filename>,
1512       × ËÏÔÏÒÙÈ ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÉÎÄÅËÓ ×ÓÅÈ ÐÏÒÔÏ× ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ,
1513       ÂÙÌ ÕÄÁÌÅÎ ÉÚ ÒÅÐÏÚÉÔÏÒÉÑ CVS. &merged;
1514       üÔÏÔ ÆÁÊÌ ÇÅÎÅÒÉÒÏ×ÁÌÓÑ ÎÅ ÞÁÓÔÏ, É ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÏÂÙÞÎÏ ÂÙÌ
1515       ÕÓÔÁÒÅ×ÛÉÍ É ÎÅ ÓÏÏÔ×ÅÔÓÔ×Ï×ÁÌ ÓÏÓÔÏÑÎÉÀ ÐÏÒÔÏ×.
1516       ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÍ ÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÉÎÄÅËÓÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ (ÎÁÐÒÉÍÅÒ,
1517       ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ Ó ÔÁËÉÍÉ ÐÒÏÇÒÁÍÍÁÍÉ, ËÁË &man.portupgrade.1;),
1518       ÍÏÇÕÔ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÔØ ËÏÐÉÀ Ä×ÕÍÑ ÓÐÏÓÏÂÁÍÉ:</para>
1519
1520     <itemizedlist>
1521       <listitem>
1522         <para>óÏÚÄÁÔØ ÉÎÄÅËÓ ÆÁÊÌ ÎÁ ÏÓÎÏ×Å ÔÅËÕÝÅÇÏ ÄÅÒÅ×Á ÐÏÒÔÏ×,
1523           ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉ× <command>make index</command> ÉÚ ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÇÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ
1524           ÄÅÒÅ×Á <filename>ports/</filename>.</para>
1525       </listitem>
1526
1527       <listitem>
1528         <para>úÁÂÒÁÔØ ÉÎÄÅËÓÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ ÐÏ ÓÅÔÉ, ×ÙÐÏÌÎÉ×
1529           <command>make fetchindex</command> ÉÚ ËÏÒÎÅ×ÏÇÏ ËÁÔÁÌÏÇÁ
1530           ÄÅÒÅ×Á <filename>ports/</filename>.  üÔÏÔ ÉÎÄÅËÓÎÙÊ ÆÁÊÌ
1531           (ËÁË ÐÒÁ×ÉÌÏ) ÐÏÄÈÏÄÉÔ ÄÌÑ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÎÉÑ × ÔÅÞÅÎÉÅ ÄÎÑ.</para>
1532       </listitem>
1533     </itemizedlist>
1534
1535   </sect2>
1536
1537   <sect2 id="releng">
1538     <title>ðÏÄÇÏÔÏ×ËÁ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× É ÉÎÔÅÇÒÁÃÉÑ</title>
1539
1540     <para>÷ ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ÒÅÌÉÚÁÈ &os;, CD-ROM (ÉÌÉ ÏÂÒÁÚ ISO)
1541       <filename>disc1</filename> ÂÙÌ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÍ ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ÏÞÎÙÍ
1542       ÄÉÓËÏÍ, ÓÏÄÅÒÖÁÝÉÍ ÏÓÎÏ×ÎÕÀ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ, ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÐÏÒÔÏ×
1543       É ÛÉÒÏËÏ ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ.  CD-ROM (ÉÌÉ ÏÂÒÁÚ ISO)
1544       <filename>disc2</filename> ÂÙÌ ÚÁÇÒÕÚÏÞÎÙÍ
1545       <quote>fix it</quote> ÄÉÓËÏÍ Ó live filesystem, É ÂÙÌ
1546       ÐÒÅÄÎÁÚÎÁÞÅÎ ÄÌÑ ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÐÏÓÌÅ ËÒÉÔÉÞÅÓËÉÈ ÓÂÏÅ×.
1547       ôÅÐÅÒØ ÄÌÑ ×ÓÅÈ ÁÒÈÉÔÅËÔÕÒ ÚÁ ÉÓËÌÀÞÅÎÉÅÍ ia64, ÎÁ
1548       <filename>disc1</filename> ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÂÁÚÏ×ÁÑ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÁ,
1549       ÄÅÒÅ×Ï ÐÏÒÔÏ× É live filesystem, ÞÔÏ ÄÅÌÁÅÔ ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÙÍ
1550       ËÁË ÕÓÔÁÎÏ×ËÕ Ó ÜÔÏÇÏ ÄÉÓËÁ, ÔÁË É ×ÏÓÓÔÁÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÐÏÓÌÅ
1551       ÓÂÏÅ×.  (îÁ ia64, live filesystem ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÏÍ
1552       ÄÉÓËÅ, ÐÏÓËÏÌØËÕ ÎÅ ÕÍÅÝÁÅÔÓÑ ÎÁ ÐÅÒ×ÙÊ).  ðÁËÅÔÙ ÐÏÍÅÝÁÀÔÓÑ
1553       ÎÁ ÏÔÄÅÌØÎÙÊ ÄÉÓË; × ÞÁÓÔÎÏÓÔÉ, ÏÂÒÁÚ <filename>disc2</filename>
1554       ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÔ ÏÂÝÅÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÅÍÙÅ ÐÁËÅÔÙ, ÔÁËÉÅ ËÁË ÄÅÓËÔÏÐ-ÐÒÉÌÏÖÅÎÉÑ.
1555       äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÙ ðÒÏÅËÔÁ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ &os; ÔÁËÖÅ ÐÏÍÅÝÁÀÔÓÑ ÎÁ
1556       <filename>disc2</filename>. &merged;</para>
1557
1558     <para>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÁÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ ÄÅÓËÔÏÐÁ
1559       <application>GNOME</application> ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó
1560       2.6.2 ÄÏ 2.10.1.  âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÒÁÂÏÔÅ
1561       <application>GNOME</application> × &os; ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ ×ÅÂ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ
1562       <ulink url="&url.base;/gnome/">FreeBSD GNOME Project</ulink>.
1563       &merged;
1564
1565       <note>
1566         <para>ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ
1567           <application>GNOME</application>
1568           (<filename role="package">x11/gnome2</filename>)
1569           ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ÐÏÄÏÊÔÉ Ë ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÀ Ó ÏÐÒÅÄÅÌÅÎÎÏÊ ÏÓÔÏÒÏÖÎÏÓÔØÀ.
1570           ðÒÏÓÔÏÅ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÉÚ ËÏÌÌÅËÃÉÉ ÐÏÒÔÏ× &os; Ó ÐÏÍÏÝØÀ
1571           &man.portupgrade.1;
1572           (<filename role="package">sysutils/portupgrade</filename>)
1573           ×ÙÚÏ×ÅÔ ÓÅÒØÅÚÎÙÅ ÐÒÏÂÌÅÍÙ.  ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÉ
1574           <application>GNOME</application> ÄÏÌÖÎÙ ×ÎÉÍÁÔÅÌØÎÏ ÐÒÏÞÅÓÔØ
1575           ÉÎÓÔÒÕËÃÉÉ
1576           <ulink url="&url.base;/gnome/docs/faq210.html"></ulink>
1577           É ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔØ ÓËÒÉÐÔ
1578           <ulink url="&url.base;/gnome/gnome_upgrade.sh"><filename>gnome_upgrade.sh</filename></ulink>
1579           ÄÌÑ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÄÏ
1580           <application>GNOME</application> 2.10.</para>
1581         </note>
1582       </para>
1583
1584     <para>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÁÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ <application>KDE</application>
1585       ÂÙÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó 3.3.0 ÄÏ 3.4.0.  âÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÄÒÏÂÎÁÑ ÉÎÆÏÒÍÁÃÉÑ Ï ÒÁÂÏÔÅ
1586       <application>KDE</application> × &os; ÎÁÈÏÄÉÔÓÑ ÎÁ ×ÅÂ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ
1587       <ulink url="http://freebsd.kde.org/">KDE × FreeBSD</ulink>.
1588       &merged;
1589
1590       <note>
1591         <para>ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÔÁÒÙÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ
1592           <application>KDE</application> ÐÒÅÄÌÁÇÁÅÔÓÑ ÓÌÅÄÏ×ÁÔØ ÐÒÏÃÅÄÕÒÅ
1593           ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÑ, ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÉÒÏ×ÁÎÎÏÊ ÎÁ ×ÅÂ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÅ
1594           <ulink url="http://freebsd.kde.org/">KDE on FreeBSD</ulink>
1595           ÉÄÉ × ÆÁÊÌÅ <filename>ports/UPDATING</filename>.</para>
1596         </note>
1597     </para>
1598
1599     <para>ðÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÍÁÑ ×ÅÒÓÉÑ <application>Xorg</application> ÂÙÌÁ
1600       ÏÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÁ Ó 6.7.0 ÄÏ 6.8.2. &merged;</para>
1601
1602   </sect2>
1603
1604   <sect2 id="doc">
1605     <title>äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÑ</title>
1606
1607     <para>äÏËÕÍÅÎÔÁÃÉÑ ÓÕÝÅÓÔ×ÕÀÝÅÊ ÆÕÎËÃÉÏÎÁÌØÎÏÓÔÉ ÂÙÌÁ ÕÌÕÞÛÅÎÁ ÐÕÔÅÍ
1608       ÄÏÂÁ×ÌÅÎÉÑ ÓÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÈ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ: &man.ataraid.4;,
1609       &man.bus.space.9;,
1610       &man.devfs.conf.5;, &man.devfs.rules.5;,
1611       &man.pmap.page.init.9;,
1612       &man.pthread.atfork.3;,
1613       &man.sched.4bsd.4;, &man.sched.ule.4;, &man.snd.fm801.4;,
1614       &man.snd.neomagic.4;, &man.snd.via8233.4;, &man.snd.via82c686.4;
1615       É &man.snd.vibes.4;.</para>
1616
1617     <para>óÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÉËÁ ÂÁÚÏ×ÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ ÐÏÌÕÞÉÌÉ ÍÎÏÖÅÓÔ×Ï
1618       ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÉÊ, ËÁË × ÓÏÄÅÒÖÉÍÏÍ ÔÁË É × ÏÔÏÂÒÁÖÅÎÉÉ.
1619       óÓÙÌËÉ ÍÅÖÄÕ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÁÍÉ ÓÔÁÌÉ ÂÏÌÅÅ ËÏÒÒÅËÔÎÙÍÉ, ÓÔÁÎÄÁÒÔÎÙÅ
1620       ÚÁÇÏÌÏ×ËÉ ÒÁÚÄÅÌÏ× ÉÓÐÏÌØÚÕÀÔÓÑ ÐÏ×ÓÅÍÅÓÔÎÏ, ÒÁÚÍÅÔËÁ ÂÙÌÁ
1621       ÉÓÐÒÁ×ÌÅÎÁ.</para>
1622
1623     <para>óÌÅÄÕÀÝÉÅ ÓÔÒÁÎÉÃÙ ÓÐÒÁ×ÏÞÎÏÊ ÓÉÓÔÅÍÙ, ËÏÔÏÒÙÅ ÂÙÌÉ ÐÏÌÕÞÅÎÙ
1624       ÉÚ ÄÏËÕÍÅÎÔÏ× RFC, É ×ÏÚÍÏÖÎÏ ÎÁÒÕÛÁÌÉ IETF ËÏÐÉÒÁÊÔ, ÂÙÌÉ ÚÁÍÅÝÅÎÙ:
1625       &man.gai.strerror.3;,
1626       &man.getaddrinfo.3;,
1627       &man.getnameinfo.3;,
1628       &man.inet6.opt.init.3;,
1629       &man.inet6.option.space.3;,
1630       &man.inet6.rth.space.3;,
1631       &man.inet6.rthdr.space.3;,
1632       &man.icmp6.4; É
1633       &man.ip6.4;.  &merged;</para>
1634
1635   </sect2>
1636
1637 </sect1>
1638
1639 <sect1 id="upgrade">
1640   <title>ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ Ó ÐÒÅÄÙÄÕÝÉÈ ÒÅÌÉÚÏ× &os;</title>
1641
1642   <para>ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ ÉÚ ÉÓÈÏÄÎÙÈ ÔÅËÓÔÏ× ÄÏ &os; &release.current;
1643     ÔÅÐÅÒØ ÐÏÄÄÅÒÖÉ×ÁÅÔÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ Ó &os; 5.3-RELEASE ÉÌÉ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÐÏÚÄÎÉÈ.
1644     ðÏÌØÚÏ×ÁÔÅÌÑÍ ÂÏÌÅÅ ÓÔÁÒÙÈ ×ÅÒÓÉÊ ÐÏÔÒÅÂÕÅÔÓÑ ÓÎÁÞÁÌÁ ÏÂÎÏ×ÉÔØ
1645     ÓÉÓÔÅÍÕ ÄÏ &os; 5.3 ÉÌÉ ÂÏÌÅÅ Ó×ÅÖÅÊ ×ÅÒÓÉÉ, Á ÚÁÔÅÍ ÄÏ
1646     &os; &release.current;.</para>
1647
1648   <important>
1649     <para>ïÂÎÏ×ÌÅÎÉÅ &os; ËÏÎÅÞÎÏ ÖÅ ÄÏÌÖÎÏ ÐÒÏÉÚ×ÏÄÉÔØÓÑ ÔÏÌØËÏ ÐÏÓÌÅ
1650       ÒÅÚÅÒ×ÎÏÇÏ ËÏÐÉÒÏ×ÁÎÉÑ <emphasis>×ÓÅÈ</emphasis> ÄÁÎÎÙÈ É
1651       ÆÁÊÌÏ× ÎÁÓÔÒÏÊËÉ.</para>
1652   </important>
1653 </sect1>